oral administration

..As a secondary observation, administration of GTCs also reduced lower urinary tract symptoms, suggesting that these compounds might also be of help for treating the symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia...

..Notably, oral administration of a GSK3 inhibitor to adult wild-type mice or to amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice modeling ..

..The present trial investigated the effect of bosentan on exercise capacity in a larger number of patients and compared two doses...

..3-way crossover study, 14 Japanese healthy volunteers (7 men and 7 women) were randomized to oral administration of crocetin (15 mg), ascorbic acid (3,000 mg), or placebo for 8 days...

..There is, however, considerable debate regarding the beneficial health effects of vitamin C supplementation...

..Esophagitis is a known adverse effect of bisphosphonate use, and recent reports suggest a link between bisphosphonate use and esophageal cancer, but this has not been robustly investigated...

..In a single oral administration of 160 nmol fucoxanthin, fucoxanthinol and amarouciaxanthin A were detectable in all specimens tested in ..

..Because tolerance to food is potentially modulated by IL-10, strategies to prevent food allergy should favor an increased delivery of IL-10 to the gut...

..b>Oral administration of a dosage of 1 mg/kg of body weight/day of RWJ-270201 for 5 days (beginning 4 h preinfection) showed ..

..Together, these results indicate that nanoparticulate formulations are ideal carriers for oral administration of estradiol having great potential to address the dose related issues of estradiol.

..If orally administered empirical therapy is as effective as intravenous therapy, it would offer advantages such as improved quality of life and lower cost...

..Therefore, MitoQ does not act as a pro-oxidant in vivo. These findings indicate that mitochondria-targeted antioxidants can be safely administered long-term to wild-type mice...

....

....

..Plasma clearance of TSU-68 intravenously administered 12 h after oral administration was 1...

..is available on the pharmacokinetics of the citrus flavanones hesperetin and naringenin after their oral administration to humans as pure aglycones...

..Moreover, in vivo study demonstrated that cucurbitacin B is effective against BEL-7402 xenograft when administrated orally...

..The long-term safety and efficacy of long-acting injectable risperidone, the first long-acting second-generation antipsychotic, were evaluated in stable patients with schizophrenia...

..48% carrying parasite with the CQ-resistant haplotype. This study shows that the AS/AQ combination TRIMALACT is safe and effective in the treatment of highly drug-resistant falciparum malaria...

..27.3+/-6.4 pg/mL in control group, P<0.01). Thus, it can be concluded that daily administration of L. salivarius CECT5713 to healthy adults is safe and improve gut microbiota and different parameters related to immune response...

..These data suggest that dabigatran is a potent, selective thrombin inhibitor and an orally active anticoagulant as the prodrug, dabigatran etexilate...

..6 g of curcumin is required for efficacy in humans. A clear advantage of curcumin over nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is its ability to decrease intestinal bleeding linked to adenoma maturation...

..b>Oral administration of representative compounds to mice (50 mg/kg) produced plasma levels between 0...

..Using LC-MS/MS, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were identified in the brain conclusively. These data suggested that GSE catechins cross the blood brain barrier and may be responsible for the neuroprotective effects of GSE...

..These decreases were significantly prevented by the administration of beta-cryptoxanthin (5 or 10 microg/100 g). This study demonstrates that beta-cryptoxanthin has a preventive effect on OVX-induced bone loss in vivo...

The aim of this study is to evaluate oral administration of poly (butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticulate delivery systems (PBCA-NDSs), double-coated with Tween 80 and poly (ethylene) glycol (PEG) 20000 for brain delivery of hexapeptide ..

..We sought to determine clinical predictors to identify patients who are at low risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism who could safely discontinue oral anticoagulants...

..Our study shows that GW788388 is a potent and selective inhibitor of TGF-beta signalling in vitro and renal fibrosis in vivo...

..Furthermore, microemulsions based on long-chain glycerides appear to be more effective with respect to lymphatic transport than the equivalent medium-chain formulation...

..has been established and validated for determination of salvianolic acid B (SalB) in rat plasma after oral administration of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae extract. Liquid-liquid extraction was adopted for the sample preparation...

..The estimated increase in hydroxyproline content of the granulation tissue of the excision wounds indicated rapid collagen turnover thus, leading to rapid healing of the wounds...

..All experimental and epidemiological data, and the underlying mechanisms, point to the occurrence of thresholds in chromium(VI) carcinogenesis...

..After oral administration, significant antalarmin concentrations were detected in the systemic circulation and the cerebrospinal ..

..We also discussed the involvement of a reactive oxygen species (ROS), e.g., the dimethylarsenic peroxy radical [(CH3)2AsOO.], produced during the metabolic processing of DMA, in skin and in multi-organ tumorigenesis...

..To compare the abilities and associated hypoglycemia risks of insulin glargine and human NPH insulin added to oral therapy of type 2 diabetes to achieve 7% HbA(1c)...

....

..Two double-blind, randomized trials were undertaken to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and tolerability of orally administered dabigatran etexilate in healthy male subjects...

..001). CONCLUSIONS: Imatinib inhibited the growth of neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. This inhibition was associated with suppression of PDGFR and c-Kit phosphorylation and inhibition of VEGF expression...

..These findings suggest that coadministration of oxonic acid suppresses the GI toxicity of 5-FU and its derivatives without affecting their antitumor activity and thus prolongs the life span of cancer-bearing rats...

..We tested the efficacy and safety of ascorbic acid supplementation in children with CMT1A...

..These results suggest that combination therapy with oral sildenafil and beraprost attenuates the development of MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension compared with treatment with each drug alone...

..The vaccine can be expected to prevent 7% or less of cases of travellers' diarrhoea and should not be used for this purpose...

..Compound 5 is currently under clinical development for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic diseases...

..The relative bioavailability of Cy-A from chitosan-nanoparticles was increased by about 73%, and by about 18% from gelatin nanoparticles, while it was decreased by about 36% from SGC-nanoparticles...

..13+/-0.52 hr, respectively (P > 0.5). Both drug metabolism and tissue protein binding could contribute to the differences between the antimalarial activity of artemisinin drugs in healthy volunteers and malaria infected patients...

..521CC genotype than in those with the c.521TT genotype. These results indicate that, unexpectedly, SLCO1B1 polymorphism has a larger effect on the AUC of atorvastatin than on the more hydrophilic rosuvastatin...

..Our results indicate that vitamin D status is a determining factor of disease susceptibility and oral administration of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) prevents diabetes onset in NOD mice through 200 days of age.

..b>Oral administration of L...

..Oral sildenafil and intravenous epoprostenol have independently been shown to be effective in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension...

..This is the first report of the pharmacokinetic parameters of EGCG in mice. Such information provides a basis for understanding the bioavailability of EGCG in mice and should aid in understanding the cancer preventive activity of EGCG...

..Our results suggest that attenuated Salmonella encoding VapA may be used in foals to prevent rhodococcosis...

..v. or oral administration to mice...

..The aim of this study was to characterize the time-dependent pharmacokinetics of artemisinin in healthy subjects...

..We conclude that oral Pi loading cannot rapidly increase serum FGF23 level. FGF23 may be not associated with rapid adaptation of Pi homeostasis...

..b>Oral administration of anti-CD3 has not been tested in humans, but suppresses autoimmunity in animal models...

..CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pilot study indicate that low-dose cortisol treatment reduces the cardinal symptoms of PTSD...

..casei) and investigated E6-specific CMI following oral administration of the L. casei-PgsA-E6 to mice...

..Xanthan gum (XG) is a complex exopolysaccharide produced by the plant-pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. and is widely used as a thickener or viscosifier. We examined in this study the antitumor effects of XG...

..These data show that naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ T cells are instrumental for orally induced tolerance and are key actors for the control of antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell effectors mediating skin inflammation...

..drug widely used in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, was followed after oral administration. Vinpocetine was labelled with carbon-11 and radioactivity was measured by PET in stomach, liver, brain and ..

..In order to determine whether oral administration of TDF also increases distribution to sites of viral infection, the plasma and circulating lymphoid cell ..

The present study tested the hypothesis that the oral administration of DHEAS enhances the in vitro and the in vivo immune response of young pigs...

..Patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) have an increased risk of stroke and other vascular events...

..Therefore, in the present study it was investigated whether or not YKS was effective in the treatment of AD using socially isolated NC/Nga mice...

..The weight of scientific evidence supports that Cr(VI) is not carcinogenic in humans via the oral route of exposure at permissible drinking-water concentrations...

..The literature was analyzed until March 2002. This review is intended to be as exhaustive as possible since it was conceived as a work tool for readers wanting to go further...

..The results indicate that GOS effectively blocked AD-like skin lesions in the mice by at least partly inducing production of IL-10 and suppressing the production of cytokines such as IL-17, which are involved in skin inflammation...

..The changes seen in maternal behavior may be the result of a direct effect of BPA on the neuroendocrine substrates underlying the initiation of maternal behavior...

..Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitor currently under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus...

..4%. The plasma protein binding rate of AGS-IV was about 90% within a concentration range of 250-1000 ng.ml(-1). There was no significant species difference regarding the pharmacokinetics of AGS-IV between the rat and the Beagle dog...

..To compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) of lamotrigine (LTG) when converting from twice-daily immediate-release (LTG-IR) to once-daily extended-release (LTG-XR) in subjects with epilepsy...

..The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological activity of AT1002 on enhancing the oral administration of cyclosporin A (CsA)...

..oral gavage with a t(max) of less than 15 min; the extent of absolute bioavailability of oridonin following oral administration was 4.32%, 4.58% and 10.8%...

..Inhaled corticosteroids are not suitable for monotherapy in COPD but can be helpfully combined with an inhaled bronchodilator in patients with symptomatic disease...

..The low lymphatic transport of dexanabinol is likely driven by relatively lower affinity to chylomicrons and lower LCT solubility...

..of a new Na(+)/H(+) exchanger inhibitor, KR-33028 was evaluated in rats after intravenous and oral administration. After intravenous administration of KR-33028 (1, 5, 10 and 20mg/kg doses), the systemic clearance (Cl) was ..

..This study aimed to investigate the multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of apricitabine, a novel deoxycytidine analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in antiretroviral-naive patients with HIV-1 infection...

....

To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of telithromycin after intravenous and oral administration and to find the reason for incomplete F value (first pass-effect) after intravenous, intraportal, intragastric, and intraduodenal administration ..

..About 50% of an oral dose (20 mg/kg) was found in the bile within 2 h. This extensive extraction and metabolism by the liver greatly limits exposure of internal tissues to TBBPA following oral exposures...

..Therefore, the overall preclinical profile of VX-950 supports its candidacy as a novel oral therapy against hepatitis C...

..The substitution of hydrogen by deuterium on the positions 2: 3',4',5' and 6' in BDD-11602 leads to superior oral availability compared to the non-deuterated compound, whereas the COX-2 selectivity is not affected...

..2.2]octane-3-ol (BMABO), a novel radio-sensitization agent, after oral delivery...

..This study was undertaken to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of paroxetine oral solution and paroxetine tablets in healthy volunteers under fasting conditions...

..This method should have utility in drug discovery for the identification of factors limiting oral bioavailability...

..Pharmacokinetic parameters of diltiazem and desacetyldiltiazem were determined in rats after oral administration of diltiazem (15 mg x kg(-1)) to rats pretreated with atorvastatin (0.5 or 2.0 mg x kg(-1))...

..CONCLUSION: It was indicated that the high dose of TMP could apparently increase the intragastric absorption extent of CsA, while almost had no effect on its elimination process...

..Therefore, the drug exposure time is a key factor in the neurotoxicity induced by AL...

..regimens of tipifarnib that would mimic the systemic exposure obtained after the current twice-daily oral administration of tipifarnib...

..Enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium is an advanced formulation delivering mycophenolic acid (MPA), designed to improve MPA-related upper gastrointestinal adverse events by delaying MPA release until the small intestine...

..In conclusion, at the present dosing levels and administration routes, BMOV was effective in lowering plasma glucose levels in diabetic rats. BMOV has a promising outlook as an oral glucose-lowering drug...

..These studies demonstrate that S-4 maintains its promising pharmacokinetic properties in dogs (i.e., high oral bioavailability and linear kinetics) and is largely eliminated via hepatic metabolism by both phase I and phase II enzymes...

..We suggest that concurrent intake of quercetin-rich herbs or foods with cyclosporin are better avoided in order to ensure the efficacy of cyclosporin...

..In phase I studies with oral CI-1033, dose-limiting toxicities were primarily gastrointestinal, supporting the exploration of i.v. dosing to achieve optimal drug exposures by increasing bioavailability...

..Adverse events were similar for both formulations. Following repeat dosing under double-blind conditions, oral CR oxycodone administered q12h provided analgesia comparable to IR oxycodone given qid...

..There are no clinical or pharmacokinetic data in patients with severe hepatic insufficiency (Child-Pugh score > 9)...

..CONCLUSION: Our results showed no less absorption of MTX for the placebo group compared to the group that took ferrous sulfate. These results do not support the hypothesis that ferrous sulfate interferes with the absorption of oral MTX...

....

..After oral administration of SC-560 in PEG, urine was also collected for 24 h and analysed for urinary sodium, chloride, and ..

....

..To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and effect on gonadotropins of a single escalating dose of estetrol (E(4))...

..The PCL matrix is expected to protect the DNA- containing nanoparticles upon oral administration and allow the release to occur in the small and large intestine due to enzymatic degradation with lipases...

..involved in thermoregulation, (ii) establishing the optimal dose of Q-E2 following its subcutaneous and oral administration using two rat models of hot flush, (iii) provide evidence that the beneficial actions of Q-E2 are mediated ..

..In the first aim we will determine whether the oral administration of bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV), a bioavailable form of vanadium that is used for diabetes therapy, ..

..Importantly, aerosol or oral administration of GSH or N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of GSH, attenuates lung fibrosis in experimental fibrosis ..

..been reported to increase liver:body weight ratios in rats and to produce fatty degeneration of the liver; oral administration of PY to rats caused hepatic necrosis and the appearance of hepatic nodules...

..micro particle formulation of a DNA-MVA SIV vaccine stimulates broader mucosal and systemic responses after oral administration. 3. To evaluate which of the two above regimens provides the best protection from vaginal SIV challenge. 4...

..The long-term objective is to develop agents for oral administration in clinical populations...

..of initiation of HAART using the tests d-xylose and mannitol:lactulose excretion in the urine following oral administration of these sugars...

..Treatment of ALL requires a maintenance phase of approximately two years composed of oral administration of antimetabolites [6-Mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate (MTX)] in order to achieve durable remissions...

..In comparison to tolerance induced by the i.v. or oral administration of soluble peptide, tolerance induced by Ag-SP was shown to be highly effective for prevention and ..

..shows accumulation of bioactive concentrations of 4-tocotrienol in the pancreatic tissue of mice following oral administration. These findings combined with its superior efficacy and safety, make 4-tocotrienol a promising anticancer ..

..shows accumulation of bioactive concentrations of 4-tocotrienol in the pancreatic tissue of mice following oral administration. These findings combined with its superior efficacy and safety, make 4-tocotrienol a promising anticancer ..

..It has now been realized that oral administration in USA trials was inappropriate and new Phase III trials will soon be undertaken...

..p. or oral administration. Puerarin is rapidly absorbed from the intestine without metabolism and appears to exert its hypoglycemic ..

..Pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies of STAMP conducted in mice, rats, cats, and dogs following oral administration of formulated GMP-grade STAMP (25-100 mg/kg/day) as hard gelatin capsules showed favorable pharmacokinetics...

..evaluations to assess their drugability, as well as their ability to decrease methamphetamine SA following oral administration. Our goal by the end of the 2nd year of the Competitive Revision Application is to have identified a ..

..to logically extend our findings from the previous funded proposal to investigate the efficacy of the oral administration of tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP), other selected heme analogs, and non-porphyrin inhibitors of HO to the heme-..

..on high exposure to calcitriol which may be limited by: [1] apparent "saturable absorption" following oral administration, which may depend on induction of mucosal and hepatic metabolism of calcitriol by CYP24, the enzyme most ..

..to logically extend our findings from the previous funded proposal to investigate the efficacy of the oral administration of tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP), other selected heme analogs, and non-porphyrin inhibitors of HO to the heme-..