cephalometry

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..To study cephalometric and facial features of Iranian children with beta-thalassemia major...

..This innovative 3D virtual approach is a bridge between conventional cephalometry and modern craniofacial imaging techniques and provides high-quality, accurate, and reliable quantitative 3D ..

..This study confirms the presence of abnormal acceleration in head growth during the first and second months of life in a subgroup of autistic individuals...

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..Longitudinal studies of head circumference growth in infants later diagnosed with autism are needed to understand the accelerated head growth in this disorder...

..Among infant siblings of children with autism, atypical HC growth might alert pediatricians to provide screening and/or referral for further evaluation...

..Findings from this study suggest that the aberrant growth is present in the first year of life and precedes the onset and diagnosis in children with autism spectrum disorder with and without a history of autistic regression...

..The wide distribution of head circumference in autism has major implications for genetic, neuroimaging, and other neurobiological research...

..Because small head size has been found to be predictive of subsequent cognitive ability, these data suggest that chlorpyrifos may have a detrimental effect on fetal neurodevelopment among mothers who exhibit low PON1 activity...

..These findings support previous findings of accelerated brain growth during the first year of life in autism spectrum disorder and question whether growth factors might contribute to both accelerated brain growth and overall body growth...

..The purpose of this project was to evaluate and compare a 3D imaging system and traditional 2D cephalometry for accuracy in recording the anatomical truth as defined by physical measurements with a calibrated caliper...

..It has been the objective of the present prospective study to assess visible volume changes of the facial soft tissue after LeFort I osteotomy with advancement and to determine the soft-tissue-to-hard-tissue ratios of advancement...

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..Autistic spectrum disorders include a subgroup with macrocephalus characterized by a relatively high level of functioning and a clinical presentation most often consistent with a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome...

..The study also aimed to analyse the factors involved in postsurgical relapse by evaluation of changes in various parameters...

..The results indicated that precise cephalometric measurement was possible with this system and it was suggested that its clinical application would be possible...

..In the present study, we evaluated the difference between the model surgery movement and the actual surgical movement in the horizontal (X), vertical (Y), and transverse (Z) directions using the same reference coordinates...

..These conflicting results may be due to a lack of accounting for age-related changes in brain enlargement, use of small sample sizes, or differences in data acquisition methods...

..The length between two points measured by 3-D cephalometry was compared with the actual length determined using an antenna meter and a caliper and expressed as percentage ..

..Inferences about the timing of brain enlargement have recently come from studies of head circumference (HC)...

..It was used to ensure the equivalence of the digital images to the hard copy radiographs. Cephalometric measurements instead of landmarks were the focus of this investigation in order to acquire data with direct clinical applications...

..Accordingly, cephalometric data reported in the literature was searched and analyzed...

..To describe the techniques used for automatic landmarking of cephalograms, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each one and reviewing the percentage of success in locating each cephalometric point...

..If greater shifts in the transversal dimension are necessary, exact planning should be adapted with three-dimensional planning devices to avoid significant differences...

..Therefore, for clinical orthodontic applications, scanned cephalograms can be used. However, caution must be exercised when determining porion and orbitale...

..Apparently standard bivariate tests and multivariate analysis methods may lead to different results which also have to be considered by the functionally treating orthodontist...

..The difference in 1-year stability and outcome is minimal...

..Users are permitted to modify the results interactively in many different ways. Experimental results show the advantage and reliability of the proposed method...

..Comparative analyses using non-African origins do not yield significant results. The implications of these results are discussed in the light of the modern human origins debate...

..The ideal craniofacial height to standing height proportion is in the range 1/7 to 1/8.5. This finding should be considered when planning treatment to alter craniofacial or facial height...

..An alternative explanation is that the correspondence between genetic similarity and geographic distance reflects the history of dispersal of the human species out of Africa...

..Thus, treatment of OSA and UARS patients should mainly be aimed at preventing further oropharyngeal airway narrowing as a result of supine-dependent sleep...

..On the other hand, they suggest the possibility of late survivals of the Paleoamerican pattern not restricted to isolated or marginal areas, as previously thought...

..The results of our study substantiated the benefits of digital cephalometry in terms of the reliability of cephalometric analysis.

..Additionally, increasing coherence of signals transmitted by the growing brain and sensory organs, which exert tensile forces on bone, may also canalize skull shape...

Automatic identification of landmarks in cephalometry is very important and useful for orthognathic surgery. A computerised automatic cephalometric analysis system (CACAS), based on image processing, is presented...

..The brain and face emerge in embryologic intimacy, such that in neurodevelopmental disorders, brain dysmorphogenesis is accompanied by facial dysmorphogenesis...

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..The findings suggest that habitual activity of masseter muscle in the natural environment was not influenced by the vertical craniofacial morphology as assessed in the present study...

..Thirty-three male patients referred for overnight polysomnography and lateral cephalometry who met the selection criteria were included...

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..Strong positive correlations between craniocervical angulation (NL/OPT) and total airway resistance and the turbulent component of flow (k(2)) suggest that head posture is sensitive to fluctuations in airway resistance (P < 0.01)...

..Moreover, these results have implications for assessing the biological affinities of prehistoric samples that are temporally separated from contemporary human reference populations...

Patients with acromegaly (12 women, 26 men) and a control group (36 women, 50 men) were chosen for cephalometry to assess the size, shape and positional characteristics of the craniofacial bones and the upper airways.

..The present findings support the concept that subjects with different craniofacial morphology show neuromuscular differences...

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..These data support the relationships between bite force, muscle strength and morphology in children, similar to those reported for adults...

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..Cephalometric indications should always be compared with esthetic clinical indications and, possibly, the skeletal planning must be corrected by the esthetic needs, so that esthetic and functional success can be reached at the same time...

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..All of the groups shared the characteristic of having an inferior position of the hyoid bone. Based on the results of the current study, we conclude that many features of OSAS are specifically related to each obstructive type of OSAS...

..These results suggest that the accuracy of computerized automatic identification is acceptable for certain landmarks only. Further studies to improve the accuracy of computerized automated landmark identification are needed...

..To determine if the frontal-occipital head circumference correlates with brain volume on CT and to investigate correlations between the volumes of different brain subdivisions in live neonates...

..The GA is a good approach to speed up the process of feature subimage extraction based on the fitness evaluated using the MLP...

..Relations between landmarks and lines are determined by means of a training process. The system has been tested for the detection of 17 landmarks on 20 images: more than 90% of the landmarks are accurately identified...

..The ability to express anthropometry as SDS greatly simplifies growth assessment...

..144 for the six-region analysis. These results show that genetic and craniometric data are in agreement, qualitatively and quantitatively, and that there is limited variation in modern humans among major geographic regions...

..3 cm taller and 3.4 kg heavier for females compared with the previous reference values. CONCLUSION: These new growth reference values provide current national standards for growth monitoring and evaluation since the year 2000...

..Recent findings of a relationship between extended cranio-cervical posture and signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders further emphasize the biological importance of this functional parameter...

..However, these results must be considered in the context of the specific display conditions for digital images, because no general standard exists for this purpose...

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the contribution of cephalometry to a statistical model integrating clinical, physical, and oximetric variables, to reduce demands for polysomnographies...

..The mandibular incisors were more controlled in the activator headgear combination group. The resultant skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue changes differed significantly from those due to growth...

..It seems that the mandibular skeletal factors itself, functional or intrinsic asymmetric growth potential, compensate or aggravate the influence of cranial asymmetry during the growth period...

..This article summarizes the results of 6 case-controlled studies on treatment changes in deep bite or open bite...

..This method of description using a pattern of landmarks is perfectly adapted to the last developments of modern research techniques: morphometric geometry with Procustes superimpositions, EDMA, TPS, FEM...

..To analyze the sagittal, vertical, and transverse relationships of the maxilla and mandible in Japanese girls with Class III malocclusions with different inclination of mandibular plane...

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..These variables and discriminant functions contributed to the differential diagnosis on BP to make a procedural decision between OT and ASO...

..The purpose of this study was to describe the neurocranial and craniofacial morphology on profile radiographs of children with single median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI)...

..The findings show that overjet is a good predictor of sagittal relationship only in subjects with a Class II division 1 malocclusion...

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..Larger differences were identified in the inclination of the lower incisors. These findings could be used as normative cephalometric standards for 6- and 16-year-old Icelandic children...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of extraction therapy and use or nonuse of headgear on the soft tissue profile in subjects with different growth patterns...

..This longitudinal retrospective cephalometric study was undertaken in an attempt to evaluate the effect of upper removable appliances on the hard and soft tissue structures in subjects with postural Class III...

..In order to achieve successful results, the side-effects of each treatment modality on dentofacial structures need to be taken into consideration...

..Lower anterior facial height was significantly larger in Class III individuals during the late developmental stages...

..051), as well as between an increase in lower face height and mandibular asymmetry (P = 0.023)...

..CONCLUSION: Neither treatment method was more likely to result in a greater number of divine proportions, and the achievement of divine proportions seemed to have little, if any, influence on overall aesthetic outcomes...

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..Addition of this newly defined parameter to the AC/IOTN improved the prognostic value from 25% to 31%...

..01). The profile of the soft tissue was more convex (p<0.001) and the upper lip was thinner than in the children in the control group (p<0.01), and their noses were relatively further backwards and downwards (p<0.01)...

..A protocol for postpubescence (ages 12 through 18 years) has yet to be established. This pilot study attempts to establish another treatment protocol for this particular subgroup of patients...

..01), whilst genetic effects on face height were also significant (P < 0.01). The results suggest that early orthodontic intervention would have a greater influence on the antero-posterior rather than on the vertical plane of growth...

..The ratios of soft to hard tissue movements derived from this study would contribute to the database for planning prediction...

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..Discrimination between skeletal Class I and Class III was easier than that between Class I and Class II. One of the reasons may be that the subclasses division I and division II were not distinguished within the Class II subjects...

..CONCLUSION: This study provided evidence of the growth tendency and the factors influencing the intermaxillary relationship in subjects with isolated cleft palate. These are significant for orthodontic treatment planning...

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..The analytical method is also unaffected by gnathostatic differences according to Angle classification...

..A modified maxillary protractor treatment is effective for correcting skeletal Class III malocclusion...

..Alteration of soft tissue to functional harmony and three-dimensional correction of the maxillomandibular complex are easier to perform in a two-jaw procedure. It results in a more stable horizontal skeletal position of the maxilla...

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..For this reason, if it is to be used as an aid to orthodontic/orthognathic treatment planning, the divine proportion should perhaps be used along with other methods of anteroposterior and vertical cephalometric and facial assessment...

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..The skeletal development (percentage growth potential) has clearly been effective in the vertical facial development commencing in Group I and reaching its maximum level in Group II. However Cd-Go was the exception...

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..These results show that CLP patients who required surgical orthodontic treatment had a characteristic dentocraniofacial morphology, compared to controls without CLP with Class III malocclusion...

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..Involvement in these studies will enhance the candidate's prior training in cranio-maxillofacial problems and 3D imaging, while equipping her with tools to perform meaningful studies centered around patient oriented clinical research. ..

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..These subjects will undergo more detailed assessment of upper airway structure with cephalometry and posterior rhinometry, assessment of ventilatory control with responses to chemical and resistive loading, ..

..will confirm and extend the findings in the in-home assessments with comprehensive laboratory polysomnographby, cephalometry, and objective measures of sleepiness (Multiple Sleep Latency Tests) in three groups of children: definite SDB ..

..an in-home polysomnogram, detailed questionnaire information, pulmonary function testing, anthropometry and cephalometry, and blood pressure...

..Aim 2 experiments will assess the rate and extent of alveolar bone turnover using histomorphometric means. These data may demonstrate the usefulness of the RGD peptide in modulating both bone formation and resorption during OTM. ..

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..Application of this information will allow understanding of normal tongue functional morphology and to evaluate how tongue volume affects function and craniofacial growth. ..

..The audience of approximately 300 will be comprised of basic scientists (40%), clinicians (35%), and students (25%). A proceedings book will be published 8-10 months after the conference and distributed world-wide. ..

..In response to RFA-DE-06-007, this R21 application is submitted as a Clinical Pilot Data Grant under NIDCR's Clinical Trials Program and is intended to establish the feasibility of our novel treatment approach. ..

..Future interventional studies will examine the mechanisms for the initial and the long-term adaptive response in material properties of bone. ..

..Automation of this process will enable laboratories in countries with a high TB burden to screen for the disease more effectively, thus contributing to the management and control of the disease world-wide. ..

..This information can help determine in what area of periodontal research definitive clinical trials may offer the greatest contribution. ..

..The findings of this project will provide important information for both clinicians and policy makers in order to plan more cost-effective and time-effective early intervention. ..

..Elucidation of these relationships will provide insight into soft tissue function as a factor in the etiology of dentofacial deformity as well as a determinant of post-treatment stability...

..Data from this pilot study will be of great value and will position the study team to effectively conduct future intervention studies to reduce oral health disparities. ..

..This application represents an important step in this ongoing research initiative. ..

..This research is central to the career goals of the applicant, which are to perform independent and original research that is relevant to identifying genetic factors that lead to orthodontic problems. ..

..The ability to apply these computational techniques to in-utero data will provide an entirely new view of the developing brain, which promises to shed new light on early developmental problems both in fetuses and premature neonates. ..

..Through this research project we hope to generate data that will seed larger, interdisciplinary research in this field. ..

..Both treatment time and side effects including root resorption will be quantified. The relevance of this project is that it will clinically identify the superior strategy and the directions for improvement. ..

..Knowledge of the molecular determinants of morphogenesis and tissue formation will allow novel and more effective treatments and more accurate diagnosis of the diverse hereditary conditions affecting teeth. ..

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..Gene data will be placed on our web site in a timely fashion for data sharing. These studies will provide the first detailed mutational and gene profile studies of human odontogenic tumors. ..