body mass index

..To determine the safety and efficacy of a dietary supplement with a low dose of ephedra and caffeine in overweight/obese premenopausal female subjects...

..The prevalence of obesity increased in the United States between 1976-1980 and 1988-1994 and again between 1988-1994 and 1999-2000...

..To identify genetic loci for obesity susceptibility, we examined associations between body mass index and ∼ 2...

..To develop an internationally acceptable definition of child overweight and obesity, specifying the measurement, the reference population, and the age and sex specific cut off points...

The prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents in the United States appeared to plateau between 1999 and 2006.

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To determine cut offs to define thinness in children and adolescents, based on body mass index at age 18 years.

..Among adults, obesity is defined as a body mass index of 30 or greater...

..We analyzed the plasma adiponectin concentrations in age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects with and without coronary artery disease (CAD)...

..The influence of excess body weight on the risk of death from cancer has not been fully characterized...

..Current standards for "normal" ALT level were defined by using populations that included persons with subclinical liver disease...

..Weight loss is associated with short-term amelioration and prevention of metabolic and cardiovascular risk, but whether these benefits persist over time is unknown...

To construct growth curves for school-aged children and adolescents that accord with the WHO Child Growth Standards for preschool children and the body mass index (BMI) cut-offs for adults.

..Adult overweight and obesity were defined by using body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) cutpoints of 25 and 30, respectively; childhood "at risk for overweight"..

BACKGROUND: The addition of waist circumference (WC) to body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) predicts a greater variance in health risk than does BMI alone; however, whether the reverse is true is not known...

..Current public health campaigns to reduce obesity and type 2 diabetes have largely focused on increasing exercise, but have paid little attention to the reduction of sedentary behaviors...

..We hypothesized that a multidimensional grading system that assessed the respiratory and systemic expressions of COPD would better categorize and predict outcome in these patients...

..7% of our morbid obesity cases (body mass index (BMI) >or= 40 kg m(-2) or BMI standard deviation score >or= 4; P = 6.4 x 10(-8), odds ratio 43...

..9 would have to receive metformin. CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle changes and treatment with metformin both reduced the incidence of diabetes in persons at high risk. The lifestyle intervention was more effective than metformin...

..Whether acute FFA-induced insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle is caused by the activation of these specific PKC isoforms and the IKK-beta/IkappaB/NFkappaB pathway remains to be established...

..and apolipoprotein (apo) levels in 352 nondiabetic women, 16-86 yr old, with a wide range of body weight [body mass index (BMI), 14.8-36.3 kg/m(2)]. Plasma adiponectin concentrations in women with the highest tertile of TG (1...

..National Weight Control Registry members provide evidence that long-term weight loss maintenance is possible and help identify the specific approaches associated with long-term success...

..weight by comparison with measured height and weight in a sample of middle-aged men and women, and to determine the extent of misclassification of body mass index (BMI) arising from differences between self-reported and measured values.

..Some observational studies have found an association between television viewing and child and adolescent adiposity...

..Obesity and diabetes are increasing in the United States...

..To review the effects of physical activity on health and behavior outcomes and develop evidence-based recommendations for physical activity in youth...

..We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the strength of associations between BMI and different sites of cancer and to investigate differences in these associations between sex and ethnic groups...

..In adults the metabolic syndrome imposes a substantial risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and premature coronary heart disease. Even so, no national estimate is currently available of the prevalence of this syndrome in adolescents...

..Diabetes is a serious and costly disease that is becoming increasingly common in many countries. The role of diabetes as a cancer risk factor remains unclear...

..An increase in aerobic physical activity should be considered an important component of lifestyle modification for prevention and treatment of high blood pressure...

Secular trends over the past several decades suggest an environmental influence on body mass index (BMI)...

..In the present study, we assess the association of seven abdominal, peripheral, and overall obesity phenotypes, which were analyzed quantitatively, and thirteen candidate gene polymorphisms in these ten genes in the same cohort...

..The at-risk haplotype yields a proportion of attributable risk of 22% for common obesity. We conclude that FTO contributes to human obesity and hence may be a target for subsequent functional analyses...

..We conclude that the currently known major common variants related to obesity overlap to a substantial degree between children and adults...

..Metabolic risk conferred by adiposity may be due to associated risk factor clustering...

OBJECTIVES: To compare body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip ratio (WHR) as indices of obesity and assess the respective associations with type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia...

The objective was to study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat per cent (BF%) in different population groups of Asians. The study design was a literature overview with special attention to recent Asian data...

..For height and body mass index, most variants detected overlapped those reported in European samples...

..The purpose of the present study was to establish criterion-referenced standards for PA (using pedometer-assessed steps/day) related to healthy body composition...

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..Waist measurement and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) have been used as proxy measures of visceral adipose tissue, mainly in adults...

..rs1111875, rs10811661, rs4402960, rs8050136, rs734312, rs7754840 and rs2237892 and measured the body weight, body mass index and fasting plasma glucose in all patients and controls...

..We also found evidence of association at a further six of 12 other loci previously reported to influence body mass index (BMI) in the general population and one of three associations to severe childhood and adult obesity and that ..

..Overweight adults are at an increased risk of developing numerous chronic diseases...

Intronic variation in the FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) gene has been unequivocally associated with increased body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) and the risk of obesity in populations of different ethnicity.

..in relation to fat cell function and adipose tissue gene expression in 306 healthy women with a wide range in body mass index (18-53 kg/m(2))...

..We examined the effect of Body Mass Index in early pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcome...

..Traditionally, body mass index (BMI) has been the most widely used method by which to determine the prevalence of overweight in, and across, ..

The timing of associations between common genetic variants for weight or body mass index (BMI) across the life course may provide insights into the aetiology of obesity...

..This study examined the association between body mass index (BMI), regional volume differences in gray and white matter measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ..

..28 < r < 0.64, p < 0.05). Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are markedly inactive in daily life. Functional exercise capacity is the strongest correlate of physical activities in daily life...

..To determine which simple index of overweight and obesity is the best discriminator of cardiovascular risk factors...

..increasing prevalence of childhood overweight seems to be due to an increasing proportion of extremely high body mass index (BMI) values rather than to a shift of the entire BMI distribution...

..Dietary and lifestyle modification efforts are the primary treatments for people who are obese or overweight. The effect of dietary counseling on long-term weight change is unclear...

..To assess the prevalence and impact of overweight and obesity in an Australian obstetric population...

..The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of gestational weight gain with child adiposity...

..Without detailed evidence of their effectiveness, pedometers have recently become popular as a tool for motivating physical activity...

..It will be important to study whether NMR lipoprotein subclass parameters can be used to manage risk more effectively and prevent cardiovascular disease in patients with the IRS...

..The incremental utility of measuring both visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) in association with metabolic risk factors and underlying heritability has not been well described in a population-based setting...

..The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased markedly in the last 2 decades in the United States...

..This study was undertaken to determine whether obesity is associated with obstetric complications and cesarean delivery...

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..To compare the sensitivities of BMI, waist circumference and waist hip ratio (WHR) in identifying subjects who should be screened for diabetes and/or for obesity-associated dyslipidaemia...

..Height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured and each was expressed as a standard deviation score (SDS) based on national growth ..

..Insulin resistance is a central mechanism of complications of obesity and is associated to body fat mass...

..Insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) of schoolchildren may contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) of young adults. The investigation of different steps, baseline screening parameters and treatment of IRS may help the prevention...

..8 (sd 2.9)) and T3 (11.1 (sd 1.5)). Since we found a rebound of concentrations after a weight-maintenance period, decrease after weight loss seems to be transient and possibly due to a negative energy balance...

..Of 7442 Qatari children studied, 50.3% were male and 49.7%' female. The mean values for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) increased with the age for both boys and girls until the age of 18 years, except BMI, which stabilized ..

..While the mechanisms behind this association remain to be established, most studies suggest that MA is the result of increased vascular leakage denoting endothelial dysfunction associated with early vasculopathy...

..Many disturbances can be reversed at the early stage, if even small weight loss is achieved...

..Understanding the reasons for overweight and obesity is critical to addressing the obesity epidemic. Often the decision to lose weight is based as much on one's self-perception of being overweight as on inherent health benefits...

..The prevalence of childhood obesity is steadily increasing. Weight regulation and food intake are subject to complex regulatory mechanisms. The leptinergic-melanocortinergic system is known to be of major importance...

..The high prevalence of diabetes in populations who are not of Northern European ancestry may be missed when they are not obese by Western standards...

..We sought to clarify the effects of high birth weight (HBW) and postnatal weight gain on insulin resistance...

..The goal was to estimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, underweight, and abdominal obesity among the adult population of Iran...

..Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is among the most common dermatologic manifestations of obesity and hyperinsulinism. In this study, we aimed to find the clinical and laboratory differences in obese children with AN and without AN (non-AN)...

..Dairy consumption has been postulated to reduce the risk of obesity and metabolic disturbances...

..Body mass, body fat percentage (36 +/- 2% vs. 35 +/- 2%) and body mass index, as well as regional adiposity, showed no statistically significant changes...

..To evaluate insulin resistance (IR), beta-cell function, and glucose tolerance in 119 Brazilian adolescents with obesity or risk factors (RF) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)...

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..To report current levels of obesity and associated cardiac risk using routinely collected primary care computer data...

..05). Weight loss reduced risk factors for liver disease and improved insulin sensitivity. Body composition proved useful as a non-invasive indicator for insulin sensitivity...

..The description of growth patterns of the different anthropometric measurements mainly used in epidemiological studies is useful to better understand the development of obesity in children and its consequences...

To determine the association between measures of adiposity (body mass index and waist circumference) and risk factors for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and the clustering of risk factors in middle adolescence.

..Preventing and managing the metabolic syndrome should be a family matter, and the necessary lifestyle changes will benefit the entire family...

..To test the hypothesis that short stature is associated with abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and lipid profile changes...

..CONCLUSIONS: Changes in ghrelin are independently associated with changes in glucose and insulin metabolism. The increase in plasma ghrelin above control levels was limited to obese children with high WBISI...

..The aim of this study is to characterize who is not gaining weight during a 10 year period in Sweden...

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..We have examined certain anthropometric and biochemical variables in children aged 6-7 years from four Spanish provinces with high differences in mortality due to ischemic heart disease (IHD)...

..To examine the relation of leptin to insulin resistance, as measured by euglycemic insulin clamp, and insulin resistance syndrome factors in thin and heavy children...

..These findings together with the known tracking of BP from adolescence into adulthood underline the importance of establishing intervention programmes in order to prevent the development of childhood and adolescent obesity...

..to analyze parameters constituting obesity-associated disorders in overweight Japanese and Mongolians with a body mass index (BMI) of 23.0-24...

..The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and CRF, and the effect of a weight loss program on overweight subjects.

..SETTING: General clinical research center. PATIENTS: 258 nondiabetic, overweight volunteers. MEASUREMENTS: Body mass index; fasting glucose, insulin, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations; and insulin-mediated glucose disposal as ..

..SUBJECTS: One hundred and twenty-eight obese patients (89 females and 39 males), aged 18-61 y, body mass index (BMI) 31.2-63.4 kg/m(2)...

..The aim of this study was to examine the association between the clinical and biochemical features of the metabolic syndrome and quantity and type of alcohol intake in the severely obese...

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..Improving insulin resistance may be crucial for the prevention of chronic disease in this at-risk population...

..tolerance test (OGTT), in 156 age- and sex-matched T2DM patients divided in 4 groups according to their body mass index (BMI, I = 20.0-24.9, II = 25.0-29.9, III = 30.0-39.9 and IV > 40.0 kg/m2)...

..More than 1/3 of women in the U.S. are now starting their pregnancies with a body mass index or 30 or greater, a condition that was unusual to rare 50 years ago...

..correlates with overweight and obesity, such that individuals with short sleep periods tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who sleep 8-9 h/night. The mechanism for this relationship is currently unknown...

..test tagSNPs in each of these candidate eCB/CB1 signaling genes for association with 12 quantitative traits: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio (WHR), fasting glucose, insulin, insulin/..

..test tagSNPs in each of these candidate eCB/CB1 signaling genes for association with 12 quantitative traits: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio (WHR), fasting glucose, insulin, insulin/..

..profiles will be obtained by personal interview on smoking history, alcohol consumption, dietary intake, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, cancer family history, occupational exposures, previous medical history, and ..

..of atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease in this ethnic group, despite low body mass index. However, there are no longitudinal studies of South Asians to determine other risk factors that may explain ..

..service healthy diet and physical activity (HDPA) health promotion messages, and diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and obesity among children and youth. The overwhelming majority (97...

..More than 1/3 of women in the U.S. are now starting their pregnancies with a body mass index or 30 or greater, a condition that was unusual to rare 50 years ago...

..treatment and week 24 post-treatment) response patterns, as well as, hepatic histology activity index (HAI), Body Mass Index (BMI) and demographic (e.g., age, gender, education, income level) and psychosocial factors (e.g...

..In 2002, the prevalence of obesity (defined as a body mass index [BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters] of e 30) among US adults ..

..In 2002, the prevalence of obesity (defined as a body mass index [BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters] of e 30) among US adults ..

..in liver, muscle and adipose tissue and increased VLDL-triglyceride [VLDL-TG] secretion rate), independent of body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and visceral fat mass...

..thiamine levels, short-term memory, and mammillary body volumes and clinical characteristics (age, LVEF, body mass index, number of re-hospitalizations for HF in 6 months)...

In contrast to the non-uremic population, high body mass index (BMI) has been shown to be associated with better survival in dialysis patients and hence fat is considered to be beneficial in dialysis patients...

In contrast to the non-uremic population, high body mass index (BMI) has been shown to be associated with better survival in dialysis patients and hence fat is considered to be beneficial in dialysis patients...

..We will randomize 324 patients ages 18-70 years who have suboptimally controlled, persistent asthma and a body mass index of 30.0 to 39...

..We will randomize 324 patients ages 18-70 years who have suboptimally controlled, persistent asthma and a body mass index of 30.0 to 39...

..5% of trait variance. We propose to extend the meta-analysis approach of these cohorts to investigate body mass index (BMI, wt/ht2), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2) and extreme obesity ..

..that neighborhood characteristics such as urban design features and neighborhood socioeconomic status predict body mass index (BMI)...

..and chips), beverage (soda) and restaurant state sales taxes and food consumption patterns, diet quality, body mass index (BMI) and obesity prevalence among children, adolescents, and adults...

..and chips), beverage (soda) and restaurant state sales taxes and food consumption patterns, diet quality, body mass index (BMI) and obesity prevalence among children, adolescents, and adults...

..In the proposed study, we will collect both individual-level health data including weight and body mass index (BMI), status on other health conditions and behaviors, as well information on the density of social ..

..correlates with overweight and obesity, such that individuals with short sleep periods tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who sleep 8-9 h/night. The mechanism for this relationship is currently unknown...

..of age, women postmenopausal and less than 65) with LDL C values greater than or equal to 130 mg/dI and a body mass index greater than or equal to 28 and less than 38 kg/m2...

..We propose a 1-year intervention in 13- and 14-year old girls who are above the 50th percentile for body mass index (BMI) and are at least 1= years post- menarche to determine if we can prevent excessive BF gain...

..Obesity, as defined by a body mass index above 25, increased from an incidence of 24% in 1980 to 33% in 1990 in a large representative sample in the ..

..The goal of this application is to study whether income, body mass index (BMI), relative reinforcing value of food (RRV) and impulsivity moderate the effects of prices on energy and ..

..CVD), defined by no smoking, lack of diabetes, low total cholesterol levels, low blood pressure, and lean body mass index. Compared with individuals with not-LR status, those with LR status in young adulthood/middle age (<50 ..

..Early treatment failure is associated with low CD4 count, low body mass index, and anemia, but these markers are nonspecific and could reflect advanced HIV, co-infections, and/or ..

..CVD), defined by no smoking, lack of diabetes, low total cholesterol levels, low blood pressure, and lean body mass index. Compared with individuals with not-LR status, those with LR status in young adulthood/middle age (<50 ..

..Early treatment failure is associated with low CD4 count, low body mass index, and anemia, but these markers are nonspecific and could reflect advanced HIV, co-infections, and/or ..

..We will recruit 80 patients with severe OSA and morbid obesity (body mass index, BMI, of 35-40 kg/m2) from two large clinical sleep programs that together care for a wide spectrum and ..

..Similarly, certain host factors, such as disseminated TB, immunosuppression, or low body mass index, which are more common in HIV, are independently associated with poor MDR TB outcomes and may worsen survival ..

..associations, cross-sectional or longitudinal, between intakes of specific amino acids (AA) or protein and body mass index (BMI)...

..Mortality Risk Index [a composite index that includes heart rate, blood pressure, diabetes, smoking status, body mass index, age, and cardio-respiratory fitness], lipid profile, and modifiable lifestyle behaviors) in 4 Kentucky ..

..Today, 64.5 percent of adult Americans (about 127 million) are categorized as being overweight (body mass index >25) or obese (body mass index >30)...

..body size impact the accuracy of the KAL-X Sensor, we will recruit equal numbers of men and women from three body mass index categories (20-24.9 kg/m 2, 25-29.9 kg/m 2, 30-35 kg/m2)...

..incorrect mixing of infant formula, difficulty understanding food labels and portion sizes, and higher Body Mass Index (BMI) in adults and children...