auditory brain stem implants

..Hearing in pure tone average was maintained almost at the preoperative level. We present a new use of this approach in placing the electrode and discuss its advantages...

..To investigate the auditory rehabilitative results achieved in five patients with cochlear implants (CIs) who subsequently received, due to poor results, auditory brainstem implants (ABIs)...

..The surgical anatomy of the nucleus and surgical placement of the ABI in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 are described, and surgical considerations in this group of challenging patients are detailed...

..The goal of this evaluation was to obtain insight into possible benefits derived from the ABI and to begin developing assessment protocols for pediatric clinical trials...

OBJECTIVE: To develop and implement a new audiological fitting procedure for auditory brain stem implants (ABIs), based on an efficient algorithm, and to compare it with two procedures presently used in clinical practice...

..CI replace inner ear function in deaf or almost deaf patients. This article gives an overview on the range of active hearing implants to restore hearing and outlines the future use of computer and robot aided surgery...

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..However, little work has been done on the effect of the ABI on the mammalian auditory pathway. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of the ABI using Fos-like immunoreactivity...

..An update on implant devices, speech processing strategies, candidacy criteria, and perceptual performance are provided in this article...

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..and irreversible sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which can only be overcome with individually-fitted auditory brain stem implants that directly stimulate the cochlear nuclei...

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..These techniques may further improve auditory perceptual performance in ABI patients and provide hearing to a variety of types of central deafness...

..This review examines the specific issues and the conclusions of 33 referenced studies examining those issues...

..Practical considerations for implementation of the AMI will also be discussed...

..In individuals with a large lateral recess, measuring other combinations may assist in sideways and rotational orientation of the electrode array...

..OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to present the patients' recommendations and judgments about their hearing and communication abilities with the help of the auditory brainstem implant...

..Most patients undergoing implantation demonstrate improved lip-reading skills, and exceptional performers achieve understanding of open-set speech...

..Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a rare and severe autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in a tumour suppressor gene. This article reviews NF2 and its treatment with auditory brainstem implantation...

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..Future functional studies analyzing the effect of electrical stimulation of the central auditory system as performed by auditory brainstem implants could be investigated in detail by mapping c-Fos expression on cellular level...

..To this end we propose that a multicenter trial be undertaken to further elucidate the role of intraoperative monitoring to determine the functional preservation of the cochlear nerve...

..The degree of improvement varied considerably among patients. ABI is a useful device for deaf patients with NF 2. As measured by audiologic testing, many patients receive substantial benefit with regard to sound and speech comprehension...

..The novel ePPI behavioral paradigm may potentially be developed into an efficient method for testing hearing in animals with an implantable prosthesis...

..However, there have been few studies on the topographical relations in the target region, particularly the floor of the IVth ventricle...

..Finally, we take a glimpse into the future prospects of stem cell treatment and hair cell regeneration with gene delivery to the inner ear for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss...

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..This study confirms that gradual improvement in performance occurs beyond one year post-implantation, as speech perception scores continued to improve...

..These findings provide some insight into how we may need to stimulate the midbrain to improve hearing performance with the AMI...

..Thus, this experimental model may be promising to obtain not only the basic knowledge on auditory nerve/CN degeneration but also the information relevant to the application of cochlear or auditory brainstem implants...

..It is then pertinent to ask how many channels are needed. Because speech discrimination is very important, it is probably sufficient to use enough channels to separate formants from each other...

..This article examines the medical and surgical aspects of four types of implantable hearing devices: bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA), middle ear implants, cochlear implants, and auditory brainstem implants...

..Hearing performance, however, is not as good as that offered by the cochlear implant. To improve the quality of hearing, new techniques such as advanced coding strategies and penetrating electrodes, are now being introduced...

..This article examines the complications encountered in ABI surgery in all patient groups...

..We discuss future directions in central implants for hearing, including the penetrating ABI, the use of ABI in nontumor patients, and the auditory midbrain implant...

..To the best of our knowledge, we describe the first pathology images of the cochlear nucleus in a patient who had received an ABI...

..This is the first report of an ABI cable becoming displaced, resulting in neurovascular compression. This case demonstrates that trigeminal neuralgia can result from nonvascular compression of the trigeminal nerve...

..To analyze the value of preoperative diagnostic tools in predicting the status of the cochleovestibular nerve (CVN) in patients with narrow internal auditory canals (IAC)...

..These data provide significant implications for auditory brain stem implant electrode placement, current localization, power requirements, and facilitation of information transfer to higher brain centers...

..The aim of the study is case report of the patient suffered from bilateral vestibular schwannoma. Early diagnosis and therapy enable hearing preservation and good facial nerve function...

..Preoperative CT and MRI assessment of children with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is critical for determining implant candidacy...

..We then compare the accuracy of 2 IGS systems-one using laser skin-surface scanning (LSSS) and another using a noninvasive fiducial frame (FF) attached to patient via dental bite-block (DBB) for registration...

..NF2 patients may have poorer ABI performance due to damage to the physical structure of the CN, resulting in alterations to the tonotopic organisation of the auditory pathway which may complicate ABI implantation and activation...

..This article reports on the auditory performance and cognitive development measured in children with ABIs...

..We undertook morphological evaluation of the cochlear nucleus complex (CNC) after implantation of a surface auditory brain stem implant (ABI)...

..Various therapeutic modalities, including restoration of hearing after vestibular schwannoma surgery with an auditory brainstem implant (ABI), are considered...

..Meningiomas, ependymomas, and other benign central nervous system tumors are also common in NF2. The lack of effective treatments for NF2 marks an unmet medical need...

..There is, therefore, a lack of information regarding the potential of the central auditory system to mediate hearing perception after long-term deafness...

..The aim of this study was to illustrate the different imaging features of middle and inner ear implants, brainstem implants and inferior colliculus implants...

..However, loudness adaptation occurs at multiple stages from the cochlea up to the midbrain...

..We aimed to evaluate and compare the auditory performance of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patients with bilateral total deafness fitted with cochlear or auditory brainstem implants...

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..This suggests that the cochlear nuclei of the NF2 patients are damaged by the disease process or during surgical removal of the tumor...

..Whereas several kinds of neurons are known to grow on semiconductor substrates, interactions of cochlear nucleus (CN) neurons with such materials have yet to be described...

..The auditory outcome may be improved by a new generation of microelectrodes capable of penetrating the surface of the brainstem to access more directly the auditory neurons...

..When an auditory nerve is absent or when implantation failed despite a functional device, auditory brainstem implants can restore some form of hearing to the deaf...

..This study aims to review the surgical and audiologic outcomes in 18 patients implanted by our Skull Base Surgery Team from 1994 through 2003...

..The present article investigates on an individual basis the performance achieved with the auditory brainstem implant in patients who had been treated unsuccessfully with a cochlear implant...

..The task for the next years is to improve the outcome of ABI further by developing new less invasive operative approaches as well as new hardware and software for the ABI device...

..The cochlear implant is suitable for patients with hearing loss due to inner ear disorders, but who have functioning hearing nerve. Patients with a defect of the hearing nerve can be provided with an auditory brainstem implant...

..Auditory brainstem implants bring a new chance of hearing after tumour removal in patients with NF2...

..In this paper the authors critically analyze this assumption on the basis of a retrospective clinical study performed using the Nucleus 22 ABI surface electrode array...

..To investigate the surgical techniques and speech performance of multichannel auditory brainstem implant (ABI) in patients with bilateral acoustic neuromas (neurofibromatosis type 2)...

..Voice rehabilitation is often monitored by acoustic analysis using the Multi Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP)...

..Stimulation of auditory nuclei in the floor of the IVth ventricle is realized by an electrode array introduced during surgery in the lateral recess of the IVth ventricle...

..To challenge such a pessimistic view, we investigated whether pharmacological interventions with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) could ameliorate trauma-induced cochlear nerve degeneration...

..To analyze the biocompatibility of multifilament polyester (PET) meshes used for the implantation of auditory brainstem implants in a standardized Wistar rat model (n=29)...

..To verify the possibility of auditory habilitation in children with aplasia and hypoplasia of the cochlear nerve by direct electrical stimulation of the cochlear nuclei with an auditory brainstem implant...

..Study Design: We conducted a retrospective case review...

..The goal of this study was to determine the biocompatibility of polyester mesh electrode carriers for auditory brainstem implants with and without adhesives in a rat model...

..Finally, the applications of advanced hearing aid technologies to enhance other devices such as cochlear implants, hearing protectors, and cellular phones are discussed...

..Children aged as little as 12 months are now being implanted in some centers. On the basis of our experience with very young children, we believe that the date of implantation may be further reduced to only 4 to 6 months of age...

..Hearing performance by ABI, however, is not so good as that by CI. To improve the quality of hearing by ABI, new techniques such as advanced coding strategies and depth electrodes are now being introduced...

..To summarize the indications and evaluate the Auditory Brainstem Implant (ABI) performances in neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and other otologics indications, as postmeningitis ossified cochlea...

..Electrical stimulation of the inferior colliculus in the midbrain can provide a safe and efficacious alternative to auditory brainstem implants (ABIs)...

..Auditory brainstem implants are an efficient means of auditory rehabilitation and may be considered in selected cases of bilateral profound hearing loss with the impossibility of cochlear implantation...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in characterising cochlear nerve anomalies in auditory brainstem implant candidates with congenital hearing loss...

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..Expression of neural plasticity makes the auditory nervous system adapt to the change in demands of processing of the information provided by cochlear implants...

..4) The ABI represents the tool for hearing rehabilitation in patients with profound hearing loss who cannot be fitted with cochlear implants...

..This review will be exemplified with data from the University of Navarra Cochlear Implant Program, currently accounting for more than 500 patients implanted...

..The surgery, because of its anatomical and functional complexity, requires specific training of the surgeon in an anatomy lab...

..In the present study, a series of psychophysical tests were administered to determine the cause of the difference in performance between tumor (T) and nontumor (NT) ABI patients...

..The findings suggest that the categorization of NRT recordings used in this study is inappropriate for assisting with placement of an ABI electrode array intra-operatively or for programming the sound processor postoperatively...

..We also found that the cortical dynamic range was wider for the DCN than VCN stimulation and for the low-frequency than for the high-frequency pathway. The present results have great implications for improved ABI performance...

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..Future technological developments will expand the benefits of current devices and offer new treatments for otologic disorders...

..It is concluded that hearing function can be rehabilitated using ABIs in patients with NF2, even if radiosurgery fails to control the tumor growth...

..Lastly, the new knowledge could contribute to improved treatment strategies for users of bilateral cochlear implants and impact considerations of auditory brainstem implants. ..

..As an outcome of this proposal, we hope to create a well characterized in vitro model for NF2 and advance a novel therapeutic direction, the actin modifying proteins LIMK and cofilin. ..

..Consonant, vowel, and connected speech recognition will be measured for several processors and the results compared to predictions based on psychophysical data...

..Thus there is a need for improvements to the implants themselves and for methods of encoding sound into electrical stimulus that are optimized for an auditory prosthesis implanted in the cochlear nucleus. ..

..Thus there is a need for improvements to the implants themselves and for methods of encoding sound into electrical stimulus that are optimized for an auditory prosthesis implanted in the cochlear nucleus. ..

..We will attach multisite silicon substrate recording microelectrode arrays to some of the iridium shafts and these will be chronically implanted into the feline globus pallidus and subthalamic nuclei for up to 180 days. ..

..This technology will improve quality of life for persons afflicted with Parkinson's Disease and other movement disorders. ..

..Thus there is a need for improvements to the implants themselves and for methods of encoding sound into electrical stimulus that are optimized for an auditory prosthesis implanted in the cochlear nucleus. ..

..This technology will improve quality of life for persons afflicted with Parkinson's Disease and other movement disorders. ..

..This technology will improve quality of life for persons afflicted with Parkinson's Disease and other movement disorders. ..

..The knowledge gained from this longitudinal investigation will inform developmental theory and should promote effective and responsive child and parent support interventions for young children with mild-to-severe hearing loss. ..

..The knowledge gained from this longitudinal investigation will inform developmental theory and should promote effective and responsive child and parent support interventions for young children with mild-to-severe hearing loss. ..

..The knowledge gained from this longitudinal investigation will inform developmental theory and should promote effective and responsive child and parent support interventions for young children with mild-to-severe hearing loss. ..

..The results will be analyzed to explain and model auditory perceptual development in terms of multiple contributing variables and their interactions. ..