prostheses and implants

..7%), bacterial keratitis in one eye (2.7%), and hydrops in one eye (2.7%). CONCLUSIONS: With these early results, Ferrara intrastromal ring segments appear to be an alternative for the treatment of severe keratoconus...

..The advantages of PEEK cages include a lower incidence of subsidence and their radiolucency, which permits easier visualization of bone growth...

..These early results suggest that NMPs based upon intracortical neuronal ensemble spiking activity could provide a valuable new neurotechnology to restore independence for humans with paralysis...

..A prospective, randomized, multicenter, Food and Drug Administration-regulated Investigational Device Exemption clinical trial...

..Data obtained suggest that this sort of novel analysis is useful for evaluating bone and tissue ingrowth into porous biomaterials...

..Functional (upright-) MRI examinations were able to demonstrate the positional-dependent stenosis. If available, fMRI represents the most helpful radiologic examination in assessing the outcome of interspinous spacer implantation...

....

..This study is a retrospective clinical investigation of a new interspinous device implanted via a totally percutaneous technique involving 152 consecutive patients...

..Prospective observational study...

..A biomechanical study to evaluate the effects of interspinous spacer under cyclic complex loading...

..Approaches have included use of foreign materials, nonviable tissue, autogenous tissue, tissue engineering, and transplantation. Biological problems in each category are noted...

..To improve the functional outcome after proximal and/or total humerus replacement, we combined the surgical procedures described by Bateman and Gerber...

..We discuss the importance of the sensorized hand as a test bed for low-level grasp controllers and for the development of functional sensory feedback from prosthetic devices...

..Prospective study analyzing midterm clinical results of total lumbar disc replacement (ProDisc II) for different indications...

..Histology and device retrieval after implantation revealed minimal encapsulation and good preservation of cellular morphology during the follow-up period and a more fibrous polymer microstructure of the implant...

..PEG-treated silicon seems to be biocompatible and holds potential as an excellent material with which to construct an implantable, miniaturized hemofiltration membrane...

..Corneal epithelialization on PVA-AM in rabbit corneas improved over PVA-COL, suggesting the possibility of using PVA-AM as a biocompatible hybrid material for keratoprosthesis...

..However, changes in the thickness of ePTFE after its use in augmentation rhinoplasty with a noninvasive object method are not well understood...

..Systematic review...

..The splint is designed to assist with the compensatory pain that people frequently feel as they learn to reuse their hand and to give people an understanding of what it feels like to have a prosthetic digit...

..Both techniques are safe, simple and less technically demanding. These approaches appear to be an effective alternative in selected cases, although conventional posterior lumbar decompression and fusion still may be required...

..Prospective observational study...

..These results therefore demonstrate that these tracheal epithelial cell sheets can create an epithelial lining on the luminal surface of a bioartificial trachea...

..We revealed a correlation for integrin expression and formation, adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and bone sialo protein expression with the physicochemical parameters of the titanium surfaces...

..In the future, in vivo applications will shed more light on the performance of gradient-based mechanical integrity and signal delivery strategies compared to traditional tissue engineering approaches...

..Approximately 8 weeks after implantation, PABI devices were activated and tested at our tertiary clinical and research facility. Mean follow-up time was 33.8 months...

..Because of the unacceptable complication rate, we do not recommend osteoarticular allograft reconstruction for routine use in the proximal humerus...

..To evaluate the efficacy and visual restoring of six patients with complete corneal opacification and deep neovascularizations treated with AlphaCor...

..CONCLUSIONS: This keratoprosthesis is acceptably safe and has demonstrated an ability to restore vision in cases in which alternative management would have had a poor prognosis. More extensive trials are warranted...

..The majority of patients requested prostheses for esthetic reasons. While they reported satisfaction with the appearance of the prostheses, at 3 years 36% of the patients no longer continue to use the prostheses...

..The interspinous implant offers significant, longlasting symptom control, even if initially significant radiological changes seem to revert toward the initial values ("loss of correction")...

..Clinical results from patients with a component of lower back pain suggest that this is a valid conclusion...

..Therefore, the size and shape of surface features are important determinants of epithelial adhesive behavior and epithelial coverage of rough surfaces would be difficult to attain if such surfaces become exposed...

..Over the 4-week study, the nanostructured surfaces demonstrated improved osteoblast adhesion and proliferation and increased alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix production compared to non-nanostructured control surfaces...

..Pilot data from a clinical trial is presented and the priorities for future research are discussed...

....

..There has been some support for conservative treatment of long oblique or spiral postoperative fractures. Postoperative diaphyseal fractures distal to the stem generally are well maintained with standard fracture management...

..Incorporating these strategies on micromachined devices may provide an intervention strategy that will insure the chronic functioning of electrodes on intracortical neuroprosthetic devices...

..We believe that a cemented, rotating-hinge prosthesis with a hydroxyapatite collar offers the best chance of long-term survival of the prosthesis...

..To evaluate factors influencing good and poor outcomes after intracorneal ring segment implantation to correct keratoconus...

..To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Intacs inserts in keratoconic eyes to alter corneal shape and refractive power and stabilize the progression of corneal ectasia...

..Overall, current trends in nanobiotechnology foreshadow a bright future through the use of nanobiomaterials in the orthopedic domain...

..A prospective randomized controlled study was carried out...

..Polyethylene (PE) has been used in total disc replacements (TDRs) in Europe since the 1980s. However, the extent of surface damage of PE, including rim fracture and wear, after long-term implantation remains poorly understood...

....

..A prospective, randomized, multicenter study of surgical treatment of cervical disc disease...

..These results demonstrate that we have effectively engineered a stable, bactericidal Ti surface. This new surface holds great promise in terms of mitigating or preventing periprosthetic infection...

..Vancomycin-modified implants showed superior inhibition of bacterial attachment and proliferation compared to control titanium surfaces...

....

..Longer prospective randomized studies are necessary to prove the beneficial effect of the interspinous implant cephalad and caudal to instrumented fusion. We recommend Wallis device for UCLA degeneration I and II...

..Nanotechnology is being used in orthopaedics, and likely will play a valuable role in future developments...

..A clinical case series of 4 patients undergoing anterior lumbar revision due to failure of total disc replacement surgery...

..No patient demonstrated histological evidence of osteonecrosis. In fact, new woven bone and other findings consistent with viable bone were noted in all of the retrieved specimens...

..This article reviews the latest data published or presented at meetings on the correction of keratoconus and keratectasia by intracorneal ring segments...

..It is also suggested that the proposed methodology can be used in future studies exploring the mechanical stability of osseointegrated fixation in the view of improving direct skeletal attachments for lower limb amputees...

..Thus the Coflex offers nonrigid fixation and can return a partially destabilized specimen back to the intact condition in terms of motion in flexion/extension and axial rotation...

..The results observed in our group of patients suggest that local autologous bone graft procured from the posterior elements after decompression is an adequate material for bone grafting in this procedure...

..In addition, longitudinal monitoring of infection in one animal will significantly reduce the number of experiments and animals...

..9%) and sonicate fluid culture (40.9%). All subjects from whom P. acnes was isolated from sonicate fluid were male. We conclude that sonicate fluid culture is useful for the diagnosis of prosthetic shoulder infection...

..These advances in membrane technology are fundamentally enabling for a paradigm shift from an in-center to implantable dialysis system...

..Aseptic loosening is uncommon with uncemented proximal tibia reconstruction, but decreasing other complications at this location remains challenging. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, level IV-1 (case series)...

..By using control algorithms that track these changes, subjects made long sequences of 3D movements using far fewer cortical units than expected. Daily practice improved movement accuracy and the directional tuning of these units...

..A randomized, controlled, prospective multicenter trial comparing the outcomes of neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC) patients treated with the interspinous process decompression system (X STOP) with patients treated nonoperatively...

....

..The EIS measurement technique was applied successfully to monitor the in situ growing process of U-2 OS cells on Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy...

..Therefore, the authors conclude that their new production method provides a better result with less expense than current methods for preoperative or intraoperative fabrication of large-format cranioplasties...

..Many surgical techniques proposed for genital prolapse or stress incontinence use prosthetic material to reinforce native tissues. Most of the synthetic meshes used have been designed for hernia repair...

..The presence of a high concentration of chloride ions (0.15gl(-1)) in HBSS further accelerates these processes...

..2%), and between LR+FHA and HR+FHA (-29.2%). The current findings suggest that LR surfaces significantly improve the osteointegration rate of implanted cortical screws independently of the FHA coating...

..Compared with PNT implants, TiAIV cages seemed to be unstable in their implantation sites. For PNT implants, osseointegration was successful, and surrounding BMD was close to physiologic BMD...

..For biomaterials studies, the standardisation of surface chemistry used here is a valuable tool in allowing vastly different materials and surface finishes to be compared solely on the basis of their topography...

..Ti composite has excellent biocompatibility and could integrate with bone. In the early stage after the implantation of the samples, the osteointegration ability of the composite is better than that of pure titanium...

..In conclusion, the application of a constant force on distraction osteogenesis, using SMA springs, may be a successful alternative to the conventional gradual distraction...

..It was concluded that the new surface treatment method for titanium alloy implants is effective and successful for direct bone fixation...

..Thus, on surfaces with rough microtopographies, osteoblasts secrete factors that enhance osteoblast differentiation while decreasing osteoclast formation and activity...

..These results suggest that preosteoblast cell differentiation is affected by implant surface microtopographies during osseointegration of dental implants...

..Overall, the results supported our hypothesis that oxidation is involved with the degradation of polypropylene hernia mesh materials...

..Compared with coatings, the plasma-implanted structure does not delaminate as easily and nitrogen PIII is a viable way to improve the properties of NiTi orthopedic implants...

..9 vs. 69.2 years), pad usage (0.6 vs. 0.8 pads/day), or follow-up (4.5 vs. 4.3 years). Collagen injection, a minimally invasive treatment for SI, appears to benefit a significant number of women...

..This detail investigation of the relationship between surface functional groups and surface bioactivity could help us to broaden the knowledge about the mechanism of bioactivity and to design next generation bioactive materials...

..Design objectives of endurance, biocompatibility, geometry, kinematics, constraint, dynamics, stability, and fail-safe were met; however, this study is preliminary in nature...

..The orientations of the precipitated crystallites play a significant role in the faster coverage of the (001) rutile face. Based on the experimental results, a model for the hydroxylapatite growth process is given...

..Many of these factors contribute to the wear encountered in clinical practice. These mechanisms are reviewed and examples identified in which they have resulted in increased wear...

..In the short-term clinical study, SLA implants demonstrated good clinical performance, maintaining good crestal bone height...

..Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid and chemical burns occupied a middle ground. The difference between the groups seemed to correlate with the degree of past preoperative inflammation...

..Microscopy findings support previously recognized wear mechanisms...

..This alternative surgical technique reduces surgical time and morbidity, standardizes results among surgeons, and facilitates an aesthetic, natural-appearing reconstruction of the auricle...

..CONCLUSIONS: Anatomical success was achieved in 6 of 7 eyes. In 3 of the 5 sighted eyes, the S-KPro could rehabilitate corneal blindness not correctable with keratoplasty...

..In the long term, the authors believe that EMSEN grafts provide functional recovery and increased strength against further trauma or forces of scar contracture, and have the ability to prevent recurrence attributable to cartilage memory...

..Corneal inlays made from PFPE are biocompatible with corneal tissue in the long term and offer a safe and biologically-acceptable alternative to other forms of refractive surgery...

..Variation of the chemistries of titanium alloy alters the electromotive force potential of the metal, thereby affecting the corrosion and ion dissolution rate...

..Both types of coatings showed a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity with respect to the control, the roughest surface exhibiting a more prolonged effect on the time...

..This article reviews the currently available biological and synthetic graft materials available for pelvic prolapse. It also focuses on recent publications examining their use in transvaginal prolapse surgery...

....

..There are several therapeutic strategies for restoring the anterior column of the vertebral body after trauma, tumor and infection. We present a multicenter study with a new distractable titanium implant for vertebral body replacement...

..First studies indicate that the serious postoperative complications with rigid implants can be considerably reduced with flexible chain implants, although there are no long-term results at present...

..The use of PFS for gastroschisis closure is associated with a reduction in pulmonary barotrauma, better tissue perfusion and improved early renal function, consistent with a reduction in abdominal compartment syndrome...

..Porous Ti6Al4V produced by this way is expected to be a promising biomaterial for tissue engineering scaffolds and orthopaedic implant applications...

..Results of this work show that high phase purity and optimum crystal size appear to be the essential requirement for efficient apatite formation on magnetron plasma-fabricated bioactive titania coatings...

....

..This research will develop much higher resolution MRI, allowing it to better classify small lesions, prevent unnecessary biopsy, and detect cancer earlier. ..

..will conduct basic research to improve biocompatibility of materials used in biomedical devices such as prostheses and implants by providing a higher level of cleanliness and decontamination, while simultaneously providing ..

..We will implant this device within the brain of laboratory dogs and evaluate its performance. ..

..abstract_text> ..

....

....

..The experimental specific aims will be addressed by measuring eye movements and perceptual responses. The modeling specific aim will be addressed using numerical computer simulations. ..

..The proposed research will increase our knowledge of the neural control of eye and limb movements and will allow us to compare these systems in monkeys and humans. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..This research will elucidate important mechanisms of particle-induced, chemokine-directed cell trafficking and suggest new treatment strategies. ..

....

....

..Third, HP and s will be measured for the NM-PBM membrane. Fourth, data from (1-3) will be compared with existing predictive models of glomerular function. ..

..abstract_text> ..

....

..The proposed studies will not only improve our understanding of locomotion control in lumbar spinal cord but also benefit SCI patients. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..abstract_text> ..

....

....

..Therefore, the clinical goal for the research proposed herein is to establish precise efficient methods to quantify motion perception in general and, more specifically, to assay perceptual thresholds. ..

....

..This research will develop much higher resolution MRI, allowing it to better classify small lesions, prevent unnecessary biopsy, and detect cancer earlier. ..

..This research will elucidate important mechanisms of particle-induced, chemokine-directed cell trafficking and suggest new treatment strategies. ..

..Therefore, the clinical goal for the research proposed herein is to establish precise efficient methods to quantify motion perception in general and, more specifically, to assay perceptual thresholds. ..

..All of these proposed specific aims will be investigated by measuring changes in the vestibulo-ocular responses induced by changes in chronic, patterned, electrical stimulation of the peripheral vestibular system. ..

..Additionally, variable immunologic responses induced by implant degradation products (i.e. lymphocyte response to metal ions and monocyte/macrophage response to particulate debris) will be correlated with the development of osteolysis ..

....

..Ultimately, this work may improve our ability to treat KC and/or prevent the development of KC. ..

..abstract_text> ..

....

..This toolkit is predicated on the fact that modern PCs and displays (either CRT-based or flat screen) have sufficient computing power, resolution, and stability to function as reliable measurement tools. ..

..The trial will take place over 5 years with an initial 6 months for planning, training, and implementation; 3 years of enrollment; 1 year of follow-up; and 6 months for close out, analysis, and presentation. ..

..The speculation is GJIC coordinates fibroblast phenotypic changes that characterize the progression of the repair process. ..

..There is a crucial need to address the growing problem of diabetes. This project will further validate an implantable glucose sensor that will provide a basis for reliable detection of hypoglycemia and automatic insulin administration. ..

..This approach can be readily extended to monitor the safety of technologies outside of interventional cardiology as outcomes data repositories become available. ..

..This project will examine the permeability of tissues surrounding implanted devices to assess substrate supply to the implant. This information may accelerate implementation of these therapies. ..

..Once validated, the analytic software will be made publicly available. ..

..Most importantly, this project will combine the experiences of both surgery and rheumatology services to jointly evaluate this surgical procedure. ..

..Enhancing wound fibroblast GJCs should produce a more skin-like pliable scar. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..Mass transfer models will be constructed and predicted substrate fluxes will be compared with actual fluxes measured over the long term by implanted sensors. ..