computer assisted image interpretation

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..We demonstrate its use in describing the variability of medially-defined anatomical objects. Results of applying this framework on a population of hippocampi in a schizophrenia study are presented...

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..The paper concludes with summarizing open problems in MVI analysis and remarks upon the future development of biomedical MVI analysis...

..The procedure includes scaling for noise equivalent bandwidth of digital receivers, FFTs and associated window functions (raw data filters), and array combining...

..These pattern classification schemes, which distill spatial patterns of atrophy to a single abnormality score, offer promise as biomarkers of AD and as predictors of subsequent clinical progression, on an individual patient basis...

..Quantitative MRI techniques reveal differences in WMH between Alzheimer's disease and non-demented elderly, and are able to reflect the severity of the neuropathological changes involved...

..Initial results in a patient with atherosclerosis suggest the potential of the method for understanding the formation and progression of cardiovascular diseases...

..We anticipate that this atlas will be useful resource for atlas-based white matter anatomical studies...

..We show that IRLS can have substantial benefits in analysis of group data and in estimating hemodynamic response shapes from time series data. We provide software to implement IRLS in group neuroimaging analyses...

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..This convergence suggests that fusiform regions are specialized for extracting and storing abstract patterns when processing visual objects and these patterns serve as recognition units in subsequent encounters with the same objects...

..CONCLUSIONS: Online measurement of LV volumes is feasible and more accurate than with 2-dimensional echocardiography. Although the offline approach is more accurate, it is also more time-consuming...

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..To evaluate the feasibility of generalized phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) for the noninvasive assessment of fluctuating velocities in cardiovascular blood flow...

..Overall, it was concluded that although semiautomated and voxel-based methods can provide a reasonable estimate of regional brain volume, they cannot serve as a substitute for manual volumetry...

..We also demonstrate that we can infer on the top level of multilevel hierarchies by inferring on the levels of the hierarchy separately and passing summary statistics of a noncentral multivariate t distribution between them...

..Quantification of the components of multidirectional flow in the normal left ventricle (LV) is lacking, making it difficult to put the changes observed with LV dysfunction and cardiac surgery into context...

..Our aim was to compare common carotid mean wall thickness (MWT) measurements by 3.0-T MRI with B-mode ultrasound common carotid intima-media thickness (CCIMT) measurements, a validated surrogate marker for cardiovascular disease...

..It is anticipated that these tools will help facilitate voxel-based imaging methodologies in non-human primate species, which in turn may increase our understanding of brain function, development, and evolution...

..To detect white matter abnormalities in patients with mild Alzheimer disease (AD) by diffusion tensor imaging and to determine their topographic relationship with gray matter atrophy...

..The boundary detection precision using k-means segmentation was close to 97%. The proposed algorithm can be easily combined with the majority of classification algorithms...

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..Consequently, the resulting contours can be used to accurately determine physiological parameters such as stroke volume and ejection fraction...

..The proposed approach provides a new framework for further developments in quantitative analyses of the pathological hippocampus and amygdala in MRI scans...

..To investigate the use of four-dimensional (4D) co-occurrence-based texture analysis to distinguish between nonmalignant and malignant tissues in dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MR images...

..The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with traditional risk factors and prior MACE had increased cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) plaque burden measures compared to patients with risk factors but no prior events...

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..These results highlight the benefits of determining the best possible HRF estimate and potential negative consequences of assuming HRF consistency across subjects or brain regions...

..An overview of current methods for quantitative analysis of DTI data and fiber tractography in clinical research is also provided...

..These DHM images are compared with those obtained by use of the widely used phase contrast and Nomarski differential interference contrast techniques...

..The results support an association between asynchronous deformation of subendocardial and subepicardial muscle fibers and the biphasic isovolumic movements observed with high-resolution tissue Doppler imaging...

..To reduce interstudy variability using long-axis information for correcting short-axis (SA) contours at basal and apical level for left-ventricular analysis by magnetic resonance imaging...

..To compare contrast-enhanced whole-heart coronary MR angiography (MRA) at 3.0 T and noncontrast steady-state free precession coronary MRA at 1.5 T in the same volunteers...

..The efficacy of these new descriptors was tested on a data set of 510 pigmented skin lesions, composed by 85 melanomas and 425 nevi, by employing statistical methods for discrimination between the two populations...

..Therefore, an experimental and simulation study was performed to determine the effects of noise, image resolution, and region-of-interest (ROI) definition on the accuracy of SUVs...

..An algorithm is presented that allows for the calculation of corrected T(1) maps from the apparent values. The method is tested both in phantom experiments and in vivo by acquiring whole-brain T(1) maps of the human brain...

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..This has important implications for users of both structural and functional imaging techniques in the study of patients with structural brain damage...

..This article also demonstrates the consequences for Gibbs artifacts when two different methods of image interpolation are applied (post-FFT interpolation, and pre-FFT zero-filling)...

..Existing methods are limited in dealing with such time-lapse data sets while manual analysis is not feasible. This paper presents statistical data analysis and statistical pattern recognition to perform this task...

..Acquisition during the brief postinfusion steady-state produces the greatest signal enhancement and minimizes k-space filtering artifacts...

..This is of importance, as quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance (MR) myocardial perfusion using deconvolution with the arterial input assumes equal signal sensitivity over the heart...

..This study determined the value of navigator-gated 3-dimensional blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at 3.0-T for the detection of stress-induced myocardial ischemic reactions...

..It was concluded that HSE imaging yields a significantly reduced amount of nonspecific signals compared to GE imaging, and, would be the method of choice (over GE) for high-resolution applications in humans...

..They are chosen as feature vectors for two different classifiers: support vector machines with linear kernel and classification trees. The proposed methodology reaches greater than 95% accuracy in the classification task...

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..8605 and r2 = 0.8645, respectively. The total time required for tracking 3-D cardiac motion is approximately 10 min in a 9 timeframe tagged MRI dataset and has the potential to be much faster...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of early (18)F-FDG PET using standardized uptake value (SUV) compared with visual analysis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)...

..3 mm. The proposed method was applied to the quantification of transmural myocardial wall strain in seven normal C57BL/6 mice. Principal strains, as well as radial and circumferential strains, were quantified using the current method...

..The aim of the study was to assess the interobserver variability of the manual planimetry of LV contours amongst two experienced and six inexperienced operators before and after a two months training period...

..01), and also with the water maze performance (p<0.01). We conclude that, assessment of early quantitative MRI changes in the hippocampus and in the perifocal area may help to predict the long-term outcome after experimental TBI...

..The best performance is achieved when both methods are combined. We note that these conclusions are not limited to the MTL and are easily extendable to other areas of the brain...

..We propose that the combined analysis of DTI and 11C-methionine PET has the potential to improve tumor border imaging in glioma patients, providing important information for establishing neurosurgical strategies...

..This indicates that the long-term atrophy is attributable to consequences of traumatic axonal injury. Despite progressive atrophy, remarkable clinical improvement occurred in most patients...

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..The v(b) values also increased in hyperemia and showed a flow-dependence with a clearly identifiable component due to capillary recruitment...

..g. grey and white matter) are registered simultaneously with the current template estimate. In order to generalise the resulting template to a broader range of subjects, a template blurriness prior is included within the model...

..Automated border detection is one of the most important steps in this procedure, because the accuracy of the subsequent steps crucially depends on it...

..By using this approach, we successfully scored images in RNA interference screens in 2 organisms for the prevalence of 15 diverse cellular morphologies, some of which were previously intractable...

..02 and p = 0.01, observers 1 and 2). In conclusion, hybrid-protocol WB-MRA shows a better diagnostic performance than standard protocol WB-MRA at 3 T in patients with PAD...

..for the diagnosis of very early AD...

..The results derived from the young groups (scanner upgrade effects and B1 inhomogeneity correction effects) should be considered as preliminary and in need for further validation with a larger dataset...

..It also changed LV geometry and decreased radial and circumferential strain over the course of 1 week...

..The experimental results demonstrate that the use of this modified pixel migration algorithm on multisensor image registration is very effective...

..The model parts have been implemented and proved as an OsiriX plugin, helping bridge the divide between algorithms devised in research laboratories and the application of these tools in the clinical setting...

..Fundamental limits of reconstruction-based superresolution were proposed in [1]. In this note, we point out that their proof is incomplete...

..The experimental results provide preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of the model in detecting the boundaries of the incompletely resolved objects which were plagued by noise, dropout, and artifact...

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..Combined with an atlas-based initialization, it is completely automatic. Experiments on real and simulated data demonstrate the advantages of the method in comparison to other approaches...

..e., normal position and tilted with small angle position. We also discuss the geometrical features of the object surface and propose a method for matching two sets of polarization data at identical points on the object surface...

..Moreover, we determine the number of low-resolution images that are sufficient to achieve the limit. Both real and synthetic experiments are carried out to verify our analysis...

..The various ways are compared and the best used on real imagery captured from an active camera fitted with a controllable zoom lens in both look-move and continuous operation...

..If such a map carries the curve onto the unit circle, then a point is inside the curve if and only if its image is inside the unit circle...

..The algorithms are provably convergent and invariant to coordinate transforms. Experiments with synthetic and real 3D image data are reported...

..We present results on a variety of data sets to show the efficacy of the improved formalism...

..We give a separation simulation of artificial data and also give some separation results of real scenes...

..For solving this optimization problem on a Grassmann manifold, a stochastic gradient algorithm utilizing intrinsic flows is introduced. Several experimental results are presented to demonstrate this algorithm...

..The main result of this paper concerns the 3D case: We prove that the VC-dimension is unbounded if the cameras lie on a sphere containing the polyhedron, hence the term exterior visibility...

..These results can be used as a guide in attempting to increase the efficacy of CAD when multiple images are available from the same patient...

..Substantiating examples in image enhancement and segmentation are provided...

..Experiments show that our algorithms are capable of producing comparable high quality depth maps which can be used for applications such as view interpolation...

..Experimental results on long video sequences are given...

..This work may be seen as an extension of previous efforts to rationalize and interrelate a spectrum of estimators, including the renormalization method of Kanatani and the normalized eight-point method of Hartley...

..We have applied the method to create mean shapes from nine hand-segmented 2D corpus callosum data sets and 10 hippocampal 3D point-sets...

..This study shows that the accuracy obtained by image registration with these two methods is well suited for image-guided radiotherapy...

..The paper also shows how to address the aperture problem using SLT-based model selection for penalized linear (ridge regression) formulation...

..The results from over 30 sequences (demonstrating both two and three motions) are presented and discussed...

..The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is robust and that it gives substantially improved accuracy...

..Shock graph-based shape matching is used to illustrate the model and a more objective method for evaluating the approach using random graphs is explored with encouraging results...

..The algorithm is evaluated through extensive experiments over standard NIST and MNIST databases...

..If they are not, the affinity that best approximates the unknown transformation can be retrieved, and the quality of the approximation assessed...

..We also discuss implementation issues and illustrate the use of the IFT in a few applications...

..We demonstrate the usefulness of the constructed image descriptors in retrieving images from an image database and compare it with relevant state-of-the-art object retrieval methods...

..For a comparative study of performance, we also implemented an extended motion estimation algorithm (from 2D-2D to 3D-2D case) based on epipolar geometry...

..We show results of successful recognition and pose estimation even in cases of a high degree of interpretation ambiguity associated with the initial view...

..Unlike existing methods, the proposed method can separate the reflection components robustly for any kind of surface roughness and light direction...

..In this paper, we repose the problem as an energy-minimizing image coding problem and propose an efficient gradient-descent algorithm to solve it...

..These results show that our approach is robust to widely different background and foreground materials, and illuminations...

..These conditional trackers significantly improve results in some general situations. In particular, they allow for dealing with noisy sequences, abrupt changes of trajectories, occlusions, and cluttered background...

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..It is known to have a genetic basis, but the genes involved are still largely unknown. Understanding the genetic basis of the disorder will help improve diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies. ..

..It will allow obtaining medical images with exquisite resolution, increased depth of field and a greater depth of penetration, and lead to new capabilities for improved diagnostic imaging and disease management. ..

..A series of water tank and tissue phantom experiments will be performed to evaluate imaging performance in terms of resolution, contrast, and signal-to-noise ratio. ..

..New statistical methods are developed and applied to detect morphological differences of cortical and subcortical structures across time between schizophrenia and autism patients and healthy subjects. ..

..The DTI measures, after accounting for the age and gender dependence will be correlated with the clinical measures. ..

..Also, the explicit modeling of search and the ability to estimate search related parameters from observer data should open up new areas of vision research that all researchers can exploit. ..

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..This integrated program of training and research will yield new tools for studying acupuncture and placebo treatment and provide the candidate with the skills needed to achieve independence in a highly complex field. ..

..This tool will also help in the fusion of multi-modal MRI data for a robust segmentation of the subregions of CC and 1C. The DTI measures, after accounting for the age and gender dependence will be correlated with the clinical measures. ..

..The proposed research also has the potential to facilitate a greater understanding of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and accelerate the development of novel cardioprotective strategies. ..

..A temporally constrained reconstruction algorithm has been shown to be capable of reducing scan time and can also be implemented with any pulse sequence. ..

..This project will enhance a proven soft- ware system for imaging-based morphometric studies and make it freely avail- able to the scientific community. ..

..The goal is to optimize the MRA method and to determine if the use of contrast agents provides any clinical benefit. ..

..New statistical methods are developed and applied to detect morphological differences of cortical and subcortical structures across time between schizophrenia and autism patients and healthy subjects. ..

..We believe the proposed study is timely and will provide a new insight to prognosis and clinical management and treatment of PE. ..

..Lastly, a small number of in vitro experiments of canine prostates will be done. ..

..We propose a new approach to the analysis of eye-tracking data. With better understanding of image perception we will be better able to improve radiologist performance and reduce interpretive errors. ..

..This project will enhance a proven soft- ware system for imaging-based morphometric studies and make it freely avail- able to the scientific community. ..

..The development of such strategies has the potential to significantly reduce the rapidly rising number of patients with heart failure, and is thus of major clinical and public health significance. ..

..Our approach would also be broadly applicable to elucidating the underlying mechanisms in other chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders, such low back pain. ..

..We believe the proposed study is timely and will provide a new insight to prognosis and clinical management and treatment of PE. ..

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..Also to be generated are iso-contour plots of the effects of common workstation variables on image quality in both tasks. This will allow digital mammography workstations to be more intelligently used. ..

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..Health care benefits because more efficient and cost-effective studies become possible which could serve as surrogates for expensive clinical trials. ..

..untreated animals. We will also investigate the anatomical basis of white matter DTI abnormalities through electron microscopy to determine changes in axons and myelin in affected regions. 2. ..

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..The optical system will track head position; correct for motion throughout image acquisition time; result in improved diagnostic image quality; and reduce, or even eliminate, the need for repeat studies due to patient head motion. ..

..Incidence of orientation selectivity and receptive-field size will be measured for each of these conditions as a function of age, and the results compared to those of new computer simulations. ..

..Together, these investigations will lead to a better understanding of how semantic information is organized, accessed and represented in normal subjects, and how semantic information degrades with various kinds of brain damage. ..

..Only by developing a better understanding of the nature of observer error, may we discover effective approaches to reducing the errors. ..

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..There is a strong institutional commitment to see the applicant succeed in this task due to a tremendous need for well-trained clinical investigators in alternative and complementary medicine. ..

..Are the deficits in procedural (skill) memory, frequently observed in older adults, related to age-dependent atrophy of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum?..

..The work will contribute to the public health indirectly by assisting others in developing and evaluating OA therapies. ..

..It is a major public health issue with substantial economic impact that will increase as the population ages. Individuals with the disease are eager for nonpharmacological treatments such as a nutrition intervention. ..

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..Training research scientists in areas of translational research such as proposed here can accelerate the translation of new PET tracers to clinical research. ..

..This work will play a major role towards alleviating the effects of this debilitating disease. ..

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..Linking together two 3 T scanners, one at Emory University and one at Princeton University, the biological substrates associated with human-human interaction will be compared to human-computer interaction. ..

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..In this project, we will use modern brain imaging techniques to see how social messages from peers and authority figures change risky decisions and which parts of the brain are responsible. ..

..The integration of bifurcation theory with continuous fMRI is anticipated to have a significant impact on the way in which fMRI experiments are conducted and will yield new techniques for the study of neuropsychiatric illness. ..

..Secondary outcome measures include correctly named items on standard picture naming tests, timed automatic speech, and linguistically-based measures of phrase and sentence analysis. Project Description Page 6 ..

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..In the R33 component of the grant application these criteria will be prospectively evaluated and correlated with clinical outcome in a second, larger cohort of patients. ..

..This development will occur while contributing solutions to what are widely recognized as the most important challenges in cardiac PET/CT imaging. ..

..1 Hz spectral index would allow investigators to more effectively determine which medications are likely to be of clinical value. ..