pantothenic acid

..data concerning the tolerable upper intake level which prevents health problems from an excessive intake of pantothenic acid, an animal experiment was done...

b>Pantothenic acid and beta-alanine are metabolic intermediates in coenzyme A biosynthesis...

..One nutrient for which the parasite has an absolute requirement is the water-soluble vitamin pantothenic acid (vitamin B5)...

..Changes in the rate of coenzyme A synthesis in liver and heart occurs with fasting, refeeding, and diabetes and in heart muscle with hypertrophy. The pathway and regulation of coenzyme A degradation are not understood...

We asked whether a movement disorder could be elicited by deprivation of pantothenic acid (PA; vitamin B5), the substrate for the enzyme pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2), which is deficient in the inherited neurological disorder PKAN (..

An optical biosensor inhibition immunoassay was developed using a specific pantothenic acid-binding protein for the quantitation of free pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) in foodstuffs...

..The results support the notion that CoA was initially synthesized from a prebiotic precursor, most likely pantothenate or a related compound...

..Our progress over the last decade in delaying the mitochondrial decay of aging is briefly reviewed...

..We demonstrate that the N-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli Dfp protein catalyzes the decarboxylation of (R)-4'-phospho-N-pantothenoylcysteine to 4'-phosphopantetheine. This reaction is essential for coenzyme A biosynthesis...

..The panB transcript is present in low abundance and, most probably, a small increase in transcript levels occurs in the absence of exogenous pantothenate...

....

..However the intake of vitamin B2 , C, D, together with pantothenic acid and folic acid of both men and women did not meet the criteria of the Hungarian recommendations, besides the ..

..5 to 67.7% of patulin reduction which was only 35.8% for the control while the other quality parameters were protected adequately...

..Originally published in Volume 37, Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 37:283-286 (1998).]..

..This discovery completes the identification of all the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A in bacteria...

..In most cases (with the exception of the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter for biotin, pantothenic acid, and lipoic acid), the vitamins are transported by separate carriers through the blood-brain barrier or ..

..Furthermore, overexpression of PanB caused by this mutation, or by other means, was necessary and sufficient to increase pantothenate production and allow PurF-independent thiamine synthesis on glucose medium...

..In this article, the procurement of vitamins B(1), B(5) and B(6) by Plasmodium and other apicomplexan parasites is discussed...

..The experimental groups were supplemented with 400% or 800% of vitamins B(2), B(6) and pantothenic acid, or 400% or 800% of biotin, while all other vitamins were administered according to requirement...

..total vitamin B2 in whole blood, total cyanocobalamin in serum, total nicotinamide in whole blood, total pantothenic acid in whole blood, total folates in serum, total biotin in serum, and ascorbic acid in plasma were 104+/-17 pmol/..

..b>Pantothenic acid (B5) is required for coenzyme A formation and is also essential for alpha-ketoglutarate and pyruvate ..

..Supplementation with pantoate or ketopantoate resulted in smaller increases...

..Mitochondria provide energy for basic metabolic processes, and their decay with age impairs cellular metabolism and leads to cellular decline. Progress over the last decade in delaying the mitochondrial decay of aging is reviewed...

..were utilized to determine the impact of the dietary concentration of 5 B vitamins (riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, cobalamin, and folacin) on growth from 9 to 28 kg of BW in pigs with high or moderate capacity for lean ..

..Thus, the pantothenamides are pro-antibiotics that inhibit fatty acid synthesis and bacterial growth because of the covalent modification of ACP...

..Based on the crystal structures of EpiD H67N with bound substrate peptide and of AtHAL3a, we present a model for the binding of (R)-4'-phospho-N-pantothenoylcysteine to AtHAL3a...

..These data define the coaA gene as the structural gene for pantothenate kinase...

..Thus, it is the failure of CoaBC to utilize 4'-phosphopantothenol as a substrate that accounts for the bactericidal activity of pantothenol...

..These data illustrate the key role of feedback regulation of pantothenate kinase in the control of intracellular CoA levels...

..Two- and three-factor crosses located panF at minute 72 of the E. coli chromosome and established the gene order fabE panF aroE...

b>Pantothenic acid (vitamin B(5)) is the natural precursor of coenzyme A (CoA), an essential cofactor in all organisms...

..These intermediates are then condensed to give pantothenic acid. Phosphorylation of pantothenic acid followed by condensation with cysteine and decarboxylation gives 4'-..

The transport system for pantothenic acid uptake in Escherichia coli was characterized. This transport system was specific for pantothenate, had a Kt of 0.4 microM, and had a maximum velocity of 1...

..The site of the genetic lesion (called acpS) was localized on the E. coli genetic map...

..lupus erythematosus (DILE) is linked to a deficiency in Coenzyme A (CoA) that is secondary to a deficiency in pantothenic acid. This hypothesis is used to explain the high incidence of SLE in females, the role of sex hormones in this ..

..UV detection was accomplished at 214 nm. The method was validated according to ICH guideline recommendations. The method is suitable for practical routine analysis of commercially produced topical pharmaceutical preparations...

....

The water-soluble vitamins thiamine (B(1)), riboflavin (B(2)), pantothenic acid (B(5)), and pyridoxine (B(6)) are separated by high-performance liquid chromatography...

..They also do not accept the pantothenic acid antimetabolite N-pentylpantothenamide as a substrate or are inhibited by it...

..Here we report the identification of the Staphylococcus aureus coaA gene and characterization of the enzyme. We have also identified a series of low-molecular-weight compounds which are effective inhibitors of S. aureus CoaA...

Different foods and feedstuffs were analyzed for pantothenic acid (PA) by the recently developed stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) and by the standard method, a microbiological assay (MA)...

..These results identify the metabolic rearrangements that maintain the CoASH pool which is critical to mitochondrial functions, including gluconeogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid and urea cycles...

b>Pantothenic acid, a precursor of coenzyme A (CoA), is essential for the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Since the structure of pantothenic acid was determined, many analogues of this essential metabolite have been prepared...

....

..CoA is assembled in five steps from pantothenic acid and pathway intermediates are common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes...

..Our analyses also suggest that the type III PanK in the spore-forming B. anthracis plays an essential role in the novel thiol/disulfide redox biology of this category A biodefense pathogen...

..We also probe substrate specificity for CoAA, the first enzyme in the pathway. With this approach CoA analogs may be rapidly prepared, thus permitting the regiospecific attachment of reporter moieties from a variety of molecular species...

..This paper presents a rationale for the therapeutic use of intravenous nutrients, reviews the relevant published clinical research, describes the author's clinical experiences, and discusses potential side effects and precautions...

..RESULTS: Pantothenic acid, sodium and vitamin E were positively associated with all four birth size parameters...

..We also evaluated the protective effects of folic acid and pantothenic acid on VPA-induced NTDs and VPA-induced embryonic protein changes in this model...

..g., Priorin). Furthermore, this work emphasizes the suitability of keratinocyte monolayers for pharmacological testings...

..Local application of dexpanthenol, the alcohol form of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) accelerates wound healing by increasing mitosis...

Two experiments evaluated effects of added pantothenic acid on performance of growing-finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, 156 pigs (PIC, initial BW = 25...

..In the second part we will present some nutritional aspects and potential strategies to enhance the cofactor contents in organisms of interest...

..Typical validation characteristics: selectivity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, limit of quantification and limit of detection were evaluated for vitamins and preservatives...

..Pakin et al. proposed a post-column derivatization of pantothenic acid as a fluorescent compound and used this principle in a specific and sensitive method for the determination of ..

..prochlorperazine, promazine and thioridazine) and water-soluble vitamins (ascorbic acid, niacinamide, pantothenic acid and pyridoxine). The biuret, Lowry and BCA assays responded strongly to most of the drugs tested...

..protein (MTP) inhibitors, acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors, gemcabene, lifibrol, pantothenic acid analogues, nicotinic acid-receptor agonists, anti-inflammatory agents (such as Lp-PLA(2) antagonists and ..

..were found between total protein intake and intakes of vitamins D, B2 and B6, as well as niacin and pantothenic acid (p<0.0001)...

..To further improve the soy-based medium, devoid of animal and dairy products, for a production of tetanus toxin by nutritional studies and to scale-up the Clostridium tetani process into small fermentors...

..primary metabolites (glutamic acid, tryptophan, inosinic acid, guanylic acid, vitamin B(12), riboflavin, pantothenic acid, ethanol, and lactic acid) and secondary metabolites (penicillin, cephalosporins, streptomycin, fosfomycin, ..

..vitamins [thiamine (B(1)), riboflavin (B(2)), nicotinamide (B(3)), pyridoxine (B(6)) pyridoxine, biotin, pantothenic acid, and folic acid] in multi-vitamin/multi-mineral daily supplements is described...

..In the case of folate and pantothenic acid, intake from supplements was necessary to achieve at least 80% of recommended dietary allowances for half of ..

..Reports have demonstrated that nutrient supplements, in particular vitamin-B complex (Vit-B), can positively influence wound healing processes. However, limited information is available on the effects of Vit-B on periodontal wound healing...

There is a growing awareness that natural vitamins (with the only exception of pantothenic acid) positively or negatively modulate the synthesis of some cytokines and growth factors in the CNS, and various mammalian cells and organs...

..e., desthiolbiotin and valeric acid, and other vitamins such as lipoic acid and pantothenic acid, but not by acetic acid, benzoic acid, biotin methyl ester, and biocytin...

..3-fold higher when compared to the control media. In this study, we found that the AGS cell line was a suitable host model for evaluating C. parvum in vitro study and the media contents for the optimal infection conditions were suggested...

..It hydrolyzes pantetheine to pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and the low-molecular-weight thiol cysteamine...

..of domperidone, mosapride citrate, butyric acid bacteria, sodium picosulfate, prostaglandin F2 alpha, pantothenic acid, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, and so on, was ineffective, the administration of distigmine bromide improved ..

..Hormonal synchronisation of calving can halve the time required for continuous supervision of calving, but the hormone treatments exacerbate the already high incidence of retained placenta in TC...

..Cystamine is a byproduct of pantetheinase-catalyzed pantothenic acid recycling from pantetheine for biosynthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA), a ubiquitous and metabolically indispensable ..

..Seven indicator constituents were tracked: sodium, chloride, glucose, lactic acid, urea, pantothenic acid, and alanine. With or without sebum at 36 degrees C, the sweat solvent was chemically stable for 14 days...

..urea, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, pyridoxic acid, pyridoxal, pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, pantothenic acid, nicotinamide or nicotinic acid, whereas supplementing FOL to the HC diet lowered the serum glucose and ..

..005) relative to the lowest tertile of intake and (2) the highest tertile of intake of riboflavin, pantothenic acid and biotin was associated with significant increases in MN frequency, i.e. +36% (P = 0.054), +51% (P = 0...

....

..and large intestine involves a saturable and Na(+)-dependent carrier-mediated process that is shared with pantothenic acid and lipoate...

..The simplicity of the procedure should make it highly desirable for quality control of premixes in the food industry...

..5.1.92) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes pantetheine, an intermediate metabolite of coenzyme A, into pantothenic acid (vitamin B(5)) and cysteamine, a potent antioxidant...

..Isotope-labeled ((13)C and/or (2)H) B vitamins (B1-thiamine, B6-pyridoxine, B3-nicotinamide, and B5-pantothenic acid) were obtained from commercial sources, with the support of the ODS/NIH...

..methods for the simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins (thiamine, niacin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, folic acid, biotin, and riboflavin) in dietary supplement tablets and fortified foods, such as formula ..

....

..77 microM and a V(max) of 779.7 pmol. mg protein(-1). 3 min(-1), and 3) inhibited by unlabeled biotin and pantothenic acid and their structural analogs...

..ectoenzyme with pantetheinase activity and generating the amino-thiol cysteamine through the metabolism of pantothenic acid (vitamin B(5))...

The vanin gene family encodes secreted and membrane-bound ectoenzymes that convert pantetheine into pantothenic acid and cysteamine...

..Such expansion of knowledge has also covered the field of intestinal absorption of water-soluble vitamins and is the subject of this review...

..4-pyridoxic acid, nicotinamide metabolites and folate decreased during starvation, but that of vitamin B(12), pantothenic acid and biotin did not...

..Seven vitamins form this complex: B1 (thiamin (1)), B2 (riboflavin (2)), B3 (niacin (3)), B5 (pantothenic acid (4)), B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxal (5), and pyridoxamine), B8 (biotin (6)), and B9 (folate (7))...

..are rich in vitamin B12 (160% of RDA) and vitamin A (25% of RDA), plus vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) and phosphorus. Proteins quality is indeed excellent...

..b>Pantothenic acid was essential for the growth of C. casei and M. gubbeenense. Omission of biotin reduced the growth of B...

..Twenty hours after ingestion, esophagitis, mucositis, epiglottitis, and acute renal failure developed, from which he slowly recovered. This is the first report of systemic diquat toxicity from ingestion of a diluted diquat solution...

..Biosynthesis of heme requires Vitamin B(6), riboflavin, biotin, pantothenic acid, and lipoic acid and the minerals zinc, iron, and copper, micronutrients are essential for the production of ..

..This system was inhibited by the biotin structural analog desthiobiotin, pantothenic acid, and lipoate. These findings suggest involvement of the hSMVT system in the uptake process...

..To develop a salt fortified with multiple micronutrients, to test its stability during storage and cooking, and to assess its efficacy in improving the micronutrient status and the health of schoolchildren...

..It was due to the dense, opaque, and stable coating layers mainly consist of erythritol. We revealed that thin-layer sugarless coated tablets have both advantages of film-coated tablets and sugar-coated tablets...

..To test the efficacy of a multiple micronutrient fortified salt in improving the micronutrient status and health of school children and its effect on cognition...

..Proposed studies will also investigate the regulation of SVCT2 expression in rat placenta and BeWo cells in response to substrate availability and ontogenic development of SVCT2 in rat placenta. ..

....

..Previous results showed that high doses of key mitochondrial metabolites delay mitochondrial decay and involve Km. 4) Minimizing DNA damage and cancer by optimizing micronutrient levels, particularly in the elderly. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..This in vitro analysis of mitochondrial nutrients may provide the basis for the development of therapeutic agents that can prevent and/or reduce the retinal and RPE pathophysiology observed in AMD. ..

..Thus, this work has significant potential to integrate numerous aspects of mitochondrial metabolism and physiology and reveal novel opportunities for combating aging-related decline. ..

....

..This should ultimately assist us in the design of effective strategies to optimize biotin body homeostasis in conditions associated with biotin deficiency and sub-optimal levels. ..

....

..Results of these investigations should help in the designing of effective strategies to optimize biotin body levels, especially in conditions associated with biotin deficiency and sub-optimal levels. 1 ..

..This should be of great value in future investigations into the mechanisms and regulation of transport of water-soluble vitamins in the intestine (and other tissues) at the integrated whole animal level in vivo. ..

..This should ultimately assist us in the designing of effective strategies to optimize thiamin body homeostasis in conditions associated with thiamin deficiency and sub-optimal levels. ..

..This should ultimately assist us in the design of effective strategies to optimize biotin body homeostasis in conditions associated with biotin deficiency and sub-optimal levels. ..

..This project on PD is a new direction for our work on preventing mitochondrial decay and could lead to an effective and cost efficient prevention /therapy for PD. ..

..has been recently shown to be also utilized by two other functionally unrelated nutrients, namely the vitamin pantothenic acid and the metabolically important antioxidant lipoate [for this reason the system involved is also being ..

..abstract_text> ..

..abstract_text> ..

..abstract_text> ..

..abstract_text> ..

..Our data will be deposited in PharmacoGKB, GenBank, and dbSNP. Additionally, our clinical responses data and DNA samples will be deposited in the UCLA DNA Bank that is accessible to other investigators. ..

..Discontinuation of this study would be highly deleterious, not only for the patients, but also for our understanding of the long-term effects of leptin in humans. ..

..abstract_text> ..

....

..Their input will also be incorporated into the article that will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..This work may reveal new sites of leptin action with potential therapeutic value. ..