Plasma levels of persistent organohalogens and hormone levels in adult male humansL Hagmar
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
Arch Environ Health 56:138-43. 2001
..High consumption of organohalogen-polluted fish did not appear to affect plasma concentrations of pituitary, thyroid, or testosterone hormone levels in male adults...
- In vitro assessment of the effect of halogenated hydrocarbons: chloroform, dichloromethane, and dibromoethane on embryonic development of the rat
P D Brown-Woodman
Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, N S W, Australia
Teratology 57:321-33. 1998
b>Halogenated hydrocarbons are widely used in industry, the laboratory, and in the home...
- Fast-track DRESSA: a bioassay for fast, sensitive, and selective detection of halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Ayumi Kasai
Department of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Tamaho, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
Anal Biochem 337:84-8. 2005
..Because of its time-saving property and easiness, sensitiveness, and specificity, the fast-track DRESSA would be advantageous for high-throughput screening of dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in environmental samples...
- Persistent halogenated hydrocarbons in consumer fish of China: regional and global implications for human exposure
Xiang Zhou Meng
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Environ Sci Technol 41:1821-7. 2007
Concentrations of persistent halogenated hydrocarbons (PHHs) were determined in 13 consumer fish species (a total of 390 individuals) collected from a major fish-farming region of China...
- Histology of selected immunological organs in polar bear (Ursus maritimus) from East Greenland in relation to concentrations of organohalogen contaminants
M Kirkegaard
Department of Arctic Environment, National Environmental Research Institute, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Denmark
Sci Total Environ 341:119-32. 2005
....
- Nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of organosilicon reagents with unactivated secondary alkyl bromides
David A Powell
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
J Am Chem Soc 126:7788-9. 2004
..Noteworthy attributes of the method are its scope (secondary electrophiles), its high functional-group compatibility, and the air stability of the catalyst components...
- Palladium-catalyzed arylation of trimethylsilyl enolates of esters and imides. High functional group tolerance and stereoselective synthesis of alpha-aryl carboxylic acid derivatives
Xiaoxiang Liu
Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 USA
J Am Chem Soc 126:5182-91. 2004
..Mechanistic studies showed that the reaction conditions are neutral enough that the observed diastereomeric ratios reflect kinetic selectivities...
- Synthesis of tricyclic heterocycles via a tandem aryl alkylation/heck coupling sequence
Dino Alberico
Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
J Org Chem 72:775-81. 2007
..This approach was further applied to the synthesis of a tricyclic mescaline analogue...
- Heterogeneous Pd/C-catalyzed ligand-free, room-temperature Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions in aqueous media
Tomohiro Maegawa
Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Mitahora Higashi, Gifu 502 8585, Japan
Chemistry 13:5937-43. 2007
....
- Homogeneous catalysts supported on soluble polymers: biphasic Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl chlorides using phase-tagged palladium-phosphine catalysts
Markus an der Heiden
, Petersenstrasse 18, TU Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
Chemistry 10:1789-97. 2004
..There is no apparent leaching of the catalyst into the heptane solution (<0.05 %), as evidenced by spectrophotometric measurements, and contamination of the product with Pd is avoided...
- Iron-catalyzed alkylations of aromatic grignard reagents
Gérard Cahiez
Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Sélective et de Chimie Organométallique SOSCO, UMR 8123 CNRS UCP ESCOM, 5 Mail Gay Lussac, Neuville s Oise, 95092 Cergy Pontoise, France
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 46:4364-6. 2007
- Palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of aryl(azaaryl)methanes with aryl halides providing triarylmethanes
Takashi Niwa
Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo ku, Kyoto 615 8510, Japan
Org Lett 9:2373-5. 2007
..Direct arylation of aryl(azaaryl)methanes with aryl halides takes place at the benzylic position in the presence of a hydroxide base under palladium catalysis to yield triarylmethanes...
- Regioselective (site-selective) functionalization of unsaturated halogenated nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur heterocycles by Pd-catalysed cross-couplings and direct arylation processes
Ian J S Fairlamb
Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
Chem Soc Rev 36:1036-45. 2007
..Direct arylation of electron-rich unsaturated heterocyclic compounds by C-H functionalization is also presented...
- Simple copper salt-catalyzed N-arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with aryl and heteroaryl halides
Liangbo Zhu
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
J Org Chem 72:8535-8. 2007
..with aryl and heteroaryl halides have been developed. The protocols can be performed easily and tolerate a number of functional groups, such as ester, nitrile, nitro, ketone, free hydroxyl, and free primary amine on the aryl halide...
- Direct arylation of thiazoles on water
Gemma L Turner
School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Rd, Edinburgh, UK
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 46:7996-8000. 2007
- C10-substituted camphors and fenchones by electrophilic treatment of 2-methylenenorbornan-1-ols: enantiospecificity, scope, and limitations
Santiago de la Moya Cerero
Departamento de Quimica Organica I, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
J Org Chem 68:1451-8. 2003
..The feasibility of the described methodology has been exemplified by the highly efficient enantiospecific preparation of several interesting C(10)-halogen-, C(10)-O-, C(10)-S-, C(10)-Se-, or C(10)-C-substituted camphors and fenchones...
- Palladium-catalyzed hydrocarbonation and hydroamination of 3,3-dihexylcyclopropene with pronucleophiles
Itaru Nakamura
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
J Org Chem 68:2297-9. 2003
....
- Scope and mechanism of palladium-catalyzed amination of five-membered heterocyclic halides
Mark W Hooper
Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 208107, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
J Org Chem 68:2861-73. 2003
..The fastest aminations of thiazoles, benzimidazoles, and benzoxazoles occurred with the combination of palladium trifluoroacetate and P(t)Bu(3) as catalyst...
- Omega-halonitriles: domino cyclizations to oxa- and carbocyclic nitriles
Fraser F Fleming
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282 1530, USA
J Org Chem 68:3943-6. 2003
..Collectively these cyclizations provide rapid assembly of five- and six-membered oxa- and carbocyclic nitriles demonstrating the utility of omega-halonitriles in domino alkylations...
- Convergent synthesis of polyhalogenated quinoline C-nucleosides as potential antiviral agents
Jiong J Chen
Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Sciences and Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1065, USA
J Org Chem 68:4170-8. 2003
..The 2-aminophenone alpha-nucleoside (11) was successfully anomerized to the beta-anomer (19), which led to the synthesis of the targeted 2-chloro- and 2-bromo-6,7-dichloro-4-(beta-d-ribofuranosyl)quinolines (18and 21, respectively)...
- Isolation of halogenated monoterpenes from bioreactor-cultured microplantlets of the macrophytic red algae Ochtodes secundiramea and Portieria hornemannii
Luis F Barahona
CICY-Biotecnologia, Apartado Postal 87, 97310 Cordemex, Merida, Mexico
J Nat Prod 66:743-51. 2003
..This study demonstrated that bioreactor tissue culture is a new venue for bioprospecting and production of natural compounds from marine macroalgae under a controlled environment...
- The mechanisms of the Stille reaction
Pablo Espinet
Quimica Inorganica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005, Spain
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 43:4704-34. 2004
..The purpose of this Review is to give a critical account of this progress...
- Regioselective synthesis of 1-alkyl- or 1-aryl-1H-indazoles via copper-catalyzed cyclizations of 2-haloarylcarbonylic compounds
Dolores Viña
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, CIETUS, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
Org Lett 9:525-8. 2007
..Ligands commonly employed as catalysts for intermolecular amination were shown to be ineffective for this cyclization...
- Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling between vinyl halides and tert-butyl carbazate: first general synthesis of the unusual N-Boc-N-alkenylhydrazines
José Barluenga
Instituto Universitario de Quimica Organometalica Enrique Moles, Universidad de Oviedo, Julian Claveria 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
Org Lett 9:275-8. 2007
..The present methodology represents the first general way to access this highly functionalized and unusual type of hydrazines. [reaction: see text]...
- A soluble base for the copper-catalyzed imidazole N-arylations with aryl halides
Longbin Liu
Chemical Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, USA
J Org Chem 70:10135-8. 2005
..Preliminary results with aryl chlorides are also reported...
- Efficient pd-catalyzed amination of heteroaryl halides
Mark D Charles
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Org Lett 7:3965-8. 2005
..In particular, we report the first couplings of amines with chloro- and bromoindoles bearing a free NH, as well as the first Pd-catalyzed aminations of a 5-halopyrimidine. [reaction: see text]..
- Preferential oxidative addition in palladium(0)-catalyzed suzuki cross-coupling reactions of dihaloarenes with arylboronic acids
Cheng-Guo Dong
Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
J Am Chem Soc 127:10006-7. 2005
..The results described here may lead to the development of new, efficient processes to conjugate polymers with controlled length which are potentially useful in molecular electronics...
- Reductive coupling of terpenic allylic halides catalyzed by Cp2TiCl: a short and efficient asymmetric synthesis of onocerane triterpenes
Alejandro F Barrero
Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
Org Lett 7:2301-4. 2005
..This process has been employed in the short and effective synthesis of terpenoids such as beta-onoceradiene (1), beta-onocerin (2), and squalene (3). Evidence is presented for eta1-allyltitanium species being involved in the coupling...
- Ionic liquid as reagent. A green procedure for the regioselective conversion of epoxides to vicinal-halohydrins using [AcMIm]X under catalyst- and solvent-free conditions
Brindaban C Ranu
Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
J Org Chem 70:4517-9. 2005
..The cleavages are considerably fast and highly regioselective...
- Highly selective room-temperature copper-catalyzed C-N coupling reactions
Alexandr Shafir
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
J Am Chem Soc 128:8742-3. 2006
..The high selectivity of the CuI-beta-diketone catalyst for aliphatic amines represents a useful complement to the palladium-based methods...
- Diversity synthesis using the complimentary reactivity of rhodium(II)- and palladium(II)-catalyzed reactions
Aiwu Ni
Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
J Org Chem 71:5594-8. 2006
..The combination of the rhodium(II)-catalyzed reaction with a subsequent palladium(II)-catalyzed Suzuki coupling offers a novel strategy for diversity synthesis...
- Pd-catalyzed ring opening of oxa- and azabicyclic alkenes with aryl and vinyl halides: efficient entry to 2-substituted 1,2-dihydro-1-naphthols and 2-substituted 1-naphthols
Chi-Li Chen
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
J Org Chem 71:4810-7. 2006
..Oxidation of the intermediate 1,2-dihydro-1-naphthols using IBX yielded the corresponding 2-substituted 1-naphthols in good to excellent yields...
- Phosphine-free cross-coupling reaction of arylboronic acids with carboxylic anhydrides or acyl chlorides in aqueous media
Bingwei Xin
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
J Org Chem 71:5725-31. 2006
..The Pd(OAc)2-H2O-[bmim][PF6] catalytic system can be recovered and reused eight times with high efficiency for both carboxylic anhydride and acyl chloride...
- Palladium(0)-catalyzed tandem cyclization of allenenes: direct construction of tricyclic heterocycles through aromatic C--H activation
Hiroaki Ohno
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
Chemistry 11:3728-41. 2005
..The reaction with heterocyclic aryl halides such as iodopyrazine or 4-bromo-1-methylindole afforded tri- or tetracyclic heteroaromatic products in good yields...
- Zinc trimethylsilylamide as a mild ammonia equivalent and base for the amination of aryl halides and triflates
Dae-Yon Lee
Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 6520-8107, USA
Org Lett 7:1169-72. 2005
..In addition, aryl bromides coupled with aryl and alkylamines with the combination of Zn[N(SiMe(3))(2)](2) and LiCl as base. These aminations occurred without racemization of the enolizable stereocenter of an optically active ester...
- Microwave-promoted Heck coupling using ultralow metal catalyst concentrations
Riina K Arvela
Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, USA
J Org Chem 70:1786-90. 2005
..We show that Heck couplings can be performed in water using microwave heating and Pd catalyst concentrations as low as 500 ppb. The methodology is simple; all that is required as the catalyst is a stock solution of palladium...
- Pd-mBDPP-catalyzed regioselective internal arylation of electron-rich olefins by aryl halides
Shifang Liu
Department of Chemistry, Liverpool Centre for Materials and Catalysis, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L697ZD, UK
J Org Chem 71:7467-70. 2006
..The better performance of mBDPP, compared with that of the commonly used DPPP [1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane], highlights the important but subtle effect of ligand on the regioselectivity of the Heck arylation reactions...
Pd(OAc)(2)-catalyzed Domino reactions of 1-chloro-2-haloarenes and 2-haloaryl tosylates with hindered Grignard reagents via palladium-associated arynesCheng-Guo Dong
Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
Org Lett 8:5057-60. 2006
..reaction: see text]..
- Introduction of a third meso substituent into 5,10-diaryl chlorins and oxochlorins
Masahiko Taniguchi
Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA
J Org Chem 70:275-85. 2005
..This study provides access to new chlorins/oxochlorins that can be utilized in diverse applications...
- Ring expansion-annulation strategy for the synthesis of substituted azulenes and oligoazulenes. 2. Synthesis of azulenyl halides, sulfonates, and azulenylmetal compounds and their application in transition-metal-mediated coupling reactions
Aimee L Crombie
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
J Org Chem 69:8652-67. 2004
..The application of these coupling reactions to the synthesis of biazulenes, terazulene 101, and related oligoazulenes is described, as well as the preparation of the azulenyl amino acid derivative 110...
- Reevaluation of the mechanism of the amination of aryl halides catalyzed by BINAP-ligated palladium complexes
Shashank Shekhar
Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
J Am Chem Soc 128:3584-91. 2006
..By this mechanism, the amine and base react with [Pd(BINAP)(Ar)(Br)] to form an arylpalladium amido complex, and reductive elimination from this amido complex forms the arylamine...
- An annulative approach to highly substituted indoles: unusual effect of phenolic additives on the success of the arylation of ketone enolates
Jennifer L Rutherford
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
J Am Chem Soc 124:15168-9. 2002
..The products of this reaction were then readily reductively cyclized to give highly substituted indoles in moderate to excellent overall yields...
Differentially protected benzenediboronic acids: divalent cross-coupling modules for the efficient synthesis of boron-substituted oligoarenesHiroyoshi Noguchi
Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615 8510, Japan
Org Lett 10:377-80. 2008
....
- C-C bond formation catalyzed heterogeneously by nickel-on-graphite (Ni/Cg)
Bruce H Lipshutz
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
Org Lett 10:697-700. 2008
..Comparisons are made with the charcoal analogue, Ni/C, and some unusual chemoselectivities between these catalysts have been uncovered...
- Pd-catalyzed intermolecular amidation of aryl halides: the discovery that xantphos can be trans-chelating in a palladium complex
Jingjun Yin
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
J Am Chem Soc 124:6043-8. 2002
..X-ray crystallographic analysis of II revealed a rare trans-chelating bisphosphine-Pd(II) structure with a large bite angle of 150.7 degrees...
- New Heck-type reaction applied to the synthesis of protoporphyrin-IX derivatives
M Castella
, Universitat de Barcelona, , E-08028 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
Org Lett 3:541-4. 2001
..This coupling reaction, although providing moderate regioselectivity, gives quantitative conversion...
- Palladium-catalyzed arylation of malonates and cyanoesters using sterically hindered trialkyl- and ferrocenyldialkylphosphine ligands
Neil A Beare
Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, USA
J Org Chem 67:541-55. 2002
....
- Palladium nanoclusters supported on propylurea-modified siliceous mesocellular foam for coupling and hydrogenation reactions
Nandanan Erathodiyil
Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
Chemistry 14:3118-25. 2008
..This immobilized catalyst allows for ease of recovery/reuse and minimization of waste generation, which are of great interest in the development of green chemical processes...
- An improved Cu-based catalyst system for the reactions of alcohols with aryl halides
Ryan A Altman
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
J Org Chem 73:284-6. 2008
..The relatively mild conditions, short reaction times, and moderately low catalyst loading allow for a wide array of functional groups to be tolerated on both the electrophilic and nucleophilic coupling partners...
- Efficient synthesis of sterically crowded biaryls by palladium-phosphinous acid-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl halides and aryl grignards
Christian Wolf
Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
J Org Chem 73:162-7. 2008
..The reaction also proceeds with aryl iodides at -20 degrees C, and under these conditions, functional groups that are generally not compatible with Grignard reagents are tolerated...
- Synthesis of n-heteroaryl-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivatives via palladium-bisimidazol-2-ylidene complex catalyzed amination reactions
J Cheng
Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, USA
Org Lett 3:1371-4. 2001
..2.1]heptane has been achieved. The cross-coupling amination reaction employs palladium-bisimidazol-2-ylidene complexes as catalysts to give good to moderate yields over a wide variety of substrates...
- Site-selective sp2 and benzylic sp3 palladium-catalyzed direct arylation
Louis-Charles Campeau
Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Department of Chemistry, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
J Am Chem Soc 130:3266-7. 2008
- Palladium-catalyzed carbene insertion and trapping with carbon nucleophiles
Sean K J Devine
Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697 2025, USA
Org Lett 10:1909-11. 2008
..The allylpalladium intermediate is attacked by the carbon nucleophile to generate a vinylsilane product...
- Facile access to polysubstituted indoles via a cascade Cu-catalyzed arylation-condensation process
Yu Chen
Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
J Org Chem 72:9329-34. 2007
..Polysubstituted indoles can be prepared from substituted 2-halotrifluoroacetanilides with high regioselectivity...
- Multifunctional palladium catalysis. 2. Tandem haloallylation followed by Wacker-Tsuji oxidation or sonogashira cross-coupling
Avinash N Thadani
Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
Org Lett 4:4321-3. 2002
..The homogeneous palladium dihalide catalyst utilized for the bromo-/chloroallylation of alkynes is reused in situ for subsequent Wacker-Tsuji oxidation or Sonogashira cross-coupling...
- Efficient synthesis of alpha-aryl esters by room-temperature palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with ester enolates
Morten Jørgensen
Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P O Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 8107, USA
J Am Chem Soc 124:12557-65. 2002
....
- Orthogonal Pd- and Cu-based catalyst systems for C- and N-arylation of oxindoles
Ryan A Altman
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
J Am Chem Soc 130:9613-20. 2008
..Computational examination of the relevant L1Pd(Ar)(oxindolate) and diamine-Cu(oxindolate) species was performed to gain mechanistic insight into the controlling features of the observed chemoselectivity...
- Isolation, structure determination, and biological activity of a novel alkaloid, perophoramidine, from the Philippine ascidian Perophora namei
Sheryl M Verbitski
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
J Org Chem 67:7124-6. 2002
..The structure of 1 was determined by the interpretation of 1D/2D NMR and MS data. Dehalogenation of perophoramidine (1) by ammonium formate catalyzed transfer hydrogenation confirmed the type and number of halogen atoms present in 1...
- Proline/pipecolinic acid-promoted copper-catalyzed P-arylation
Cheng Huang
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
J Org Chem 71:5020-2. 2006
....
- Halo-enediynes: probing the electronic and stereoelectronic contributions to the Bergman cycloaromatization
Gary W Plourde
Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
J Org Chem 67:5369-74. 2002
..In all cases studied the halogen atom had a strongly retardative effect on the thermal Bergman cycloaromatization reaction. The isolation of the first C-9 monochloroenediyne is noteworthy, and may find application in prodrug design...
- Enantioselective alkyl-alkyl Suzuki cross-couplings of unactivated homobenzylic halides
Bunnai Saito
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
J Am Chem Soc 130:6694-5. 2008
..To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous examples of enantioselective Suzuki couplings of alkyl electrophiles (activated or unactivated). Both of the catalyst components are commercially available...
- Comparative toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls to Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica) and American kestrels (Falco sparverius)
J E Elliott
Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
J Toxicol Environ Health 51:57-75. 1997
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and related halogenated hydrocarbons bioaccumulate to high concentrations in top predators, such as raptorial birds, yet little is known of PCB toxicity to such species...
- Characterization of hydrocarbons, halocarbons and carbonyls in the atmosphere of Hong Kong
H Guo
Research Centre for Urban Environmental Technology and Management, Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Kowloon, Hong Kong
Chemosphere 57:1363-72. 2004
..The BTEX ratios at CW and TW were 1.6:10.1:1.0:1.6 and 2.1:10.8:1.0:2.0, respectively. For major halogenated hydrocarbons, the mean concentrations of chloromethane, CFCs 12 and 22 did not show spatial variations at the two ..
- Volatile substance and other drug abuse inhalation in Spain
María Fátima Ramón
Servicio de Información Toxicológia, Instituto Nacional de Toxicologia, Madrid, Spain
J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 41:931-6. 2003
..We reviewed retrospectively the cases of inhalant misuse reported to the Spanish Poison Control Center...
- Comparative oxidation and net emissions of methane and selected non-methane organic compounds in landfill cover soils
Charlotte Schuetz
Environment and Resources, Technical University of Denmark, DK 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
Environ Sci Technol 37:5150-8. 2003
..The 37 NMOCs quantified in the landfill gas samples included alkanes (C1-C10), alkenes (C1-C4), halogenated hydrocarbons (including (H)CFCs), and aromatic hydrocarbons. Both positive and negative CH4 fluxes ranging from -0...
- Attenuation of methane and volatile organic compounds in landfill soil covers
Charlotte Scheutz
Environment and Resources, Bygningstorvet Building 115, Technical University of Denmark, DK 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
J Environ Qual 33:61-71. 2004
..03 and 1.7 microg g(-1) h(-1). Fully halogenated hydrocarbons (PCE, tetrachloromethane [TeCM], chlorofluorocarbon [CFC]-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113) were not degraded in ..
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins, -furans, and -biphenyls in three species of Antarctic penguins
Simonetta Corsolini
Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali G Sarfatti, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 14:421-9. 2007
..The potential toxicity of twenty-two dioxin-like congeners was assessed and expressed as 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD equivalents (TEQs). Differences between males and females were investigated...
- Chemical contamination of potable water in ship tanks
Marcus Oldenburg
Hamburg Port Health Center, Institute of Occupational and Maritime Medicine ZfAM, University of Hamburg, Germany
Int Marit Health 58:79-91. 2007
..The aim of this study was to explore the frequency of drinking water contamination by chemicals in a selected sample of vessels and to assess the usefulness of recommended control measures...
- The cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme CYP2E1 in the biological processing of industrial chemicals: consequences for occupational and environmental medicine
Hermann M Bolt
Institut fur Arbeitsphysiologie, University of Dortmund, Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
Int Arch Occup Environ Health 76:174-85. 2003
..a. alkanes, alkenes, aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons)...
- Determination of volatile organic hydrocarbons in water samples by solid-phase dynamic extraction
Maik A Jochmann
Center for Applied Geoscience ZAG, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Sigwartstr 10, 72076, Tubingen, Germany
Anal Bioanal Chem 387:2163-74. 2007
..coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPDE-GC/MS) for the trace determination of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons and benzene from groundwater samples was developed and evaluated...
- Characterization of two distinct aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR2) genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and evidence for multiple AhR2 gene lineages in salmonid fish
Maria C Hansson
Department of Animal Ecology, Lund University, Ecology Building, Solvegatan 37, Sweden
Gene 303:197-206. 2003
..g. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, and other halogenated hydrocarbons in vertebrates...
- Neuroembryopathic effect of trichloroacetic acid in rats exposed during organogenesis
Royana Singh
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol 77:47-52. 2006
b>Halogenated hydrocarbons such as trichloroacetic acid (TCA) are among the most common water supply contaminants in the world. This study examines the effect of TCA on the developing brain of the Charles Foster rat.
- DNA damage induced by nitrous oxide: study in medical personnel of operating rooms
Teresa Wronska-Nofer
Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St, 91 348 Lodz, Poland
Mutat Res 666:39-43. 2009
Occupational exposure to anaesthetics such as nitrous oxide (N(2)O) and halogenated hydrocarbons has been suggested to increase risk of genetic damage...
- Environmental chemical exposures and disturbances of heme synthesis
W E Daniell
Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle 98195 7234, USA
Environ Health Perspect 105:37-53. 1997
..A number of chemicals, particularly metals and halogenated hydrocarbons, induce disturbances of heme synthesis in experimental animals...
- A validated method for the quantitation of 1,1-difluoroethane using a gas in equilibrium method of calibration
Joseph Avella
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St John s University, Jamaica, New York, USA
J Anal Toxicol 32:680-7. 2008
1,1-Difluoroethane (DFE), also known as Freon 152A, is a member of a class of compounds known as halogenated hydrocarbons. A number of these compounds have gained notoriety because of their ability to induce rapid onset of intoxication ..
- Binding of thiopental to human serum albumin in the presence of halogenated hydrocarbons and ethers
U Buch
Institut für Anästhesie, Universitat des Saarlandes, Homburg Saar, FRG
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 12:53-60. 1990
..Other halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform (6.2.10(-3) M) and carbon tetrachloride (5.2...
- Purification and characterization of human kidney cytosolic cysteine conjugate beta-lyase activity
L H Lash
Department of Pharmacology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY
Drug Metab Dispos 18:50-4. 1990
The central role of cysteine conjugate beta-lyase (beta-lyase) in the bioactivation of nephrotoxic halogenated hydrocarbons and the possibility of human exposure to these chemicals has focused interest on the beta-lyase from human kidney...
- Atmospheric emissions and attenuation of non-methane organic compounds in cover soils at a French landfill
C Scheutz
Institute of Environment and Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet Building 115, DK 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
Waste Manag 28:1892-908. 2008
..may contain more than 200 non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) including C(2+)-alkanes, aromatics, and halogenated hydrocarbons. Although the trace components make up less than 1% v/v of typical landfill gas, they may exert a ..
- Binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to teleost aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AHRs)
Sonya M Billiard
Department of Biology, Queen s University, ON, Kingston, Canada
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 133:55-68. 2002
..that exposure of the early life stages of fish to PAH can mimic the embryotoxic effects of the planar halogenated hydrocarbons (PHHs), the most potent of which is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin...
- The importance of hydrophobicity and electrophilicity descriptors in mechanistically-based QSARs for toxicological endpoints
M T D Cronin
School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
SAR QSAR Environ Res 13:167-76. 2002
..aliphatic alcohols on the perfused rat liver; the toxicity of 21 pyridines to mice; the lethality of 55 halogenated hydrocarbons to the mould Aspergillus nidulans)...
- A case of acute toxic hepatitis after suicidal chloroform and dichloromethane ingestion
Hoon Kim
Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361 763, South Korea
Am J Emerg Med 26:1073.e3-6. 2008
Chloroform and dichloromethane are halogenated hydrocarbons that have been used as a potent anesthetic agent or a general industrial solvent...
- Disposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in two Norwegian epibenthic marine food webs
Anders Ruus
Norwegian Institute for Water Research NIVA, P O Box 173, Kjelsas, N 0411 Oslo, Norway
Chemosphere 62:1856-68. 2006
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are a group of halogenated hydrocarbons, comprising 210 different, theoretically possible congeners...
- Hydrocarbon toxicity: an analysis of AAPCC TESS data
Daniel J Cobaugh
American Society of Health System, Pharmacists Research and Education Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
Przegl Lek 64:194-6. 2007
..To determine which hydrocarbons were associated with the most severe adverse outcomes, human exposure data reported to American poison information centers were analyzed...
- Factors affecting the storage and excretion of toxic lipophilic xenobiotics
R J Jandacek
The University of Cincinnati, Department of Pathology, Ohio 45267, USA
Lipids 36:1289-305. 2001
..toxic materials have been the recent focus of international effort to reduce or eliminate classes of halogenated hydrocarbons from the environment...
- Microbial signature lipid profiling and exopolysaccharides: experiences initiated with Professor David C White and transported to Tasmania, Australia
Peter D Nichols
CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, CSIRO Food Futures Flagship, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
J Microbiol Methods 74:33-46. 2008
..of the DMDS procedure in taxonomic and environmental studies including the degradation of pollutant halogenated hydrocarbons in groundwater and subsurface aquifers; exploiting the ubiquitous nature of uronic acids in microbial EPS ..
- Bioactivation of halogenated hydrocarbons by rabbit pulmonary cells
W K Nichols
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112
Pharmacol Toxicol 71:335-9. 1992
..1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis (4'-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD), 1,2-dibromoethane (DBE) and trichloroethylene are three halogenated hydrocarbons that selectively bind to pulmonary epithelial cells and that may be pneumotoxic...
- Is the white-ivory assay of Drosophila melanogaster a useful tool in genetic toxicology?
J A Ferreiro
Departamento de Biologia Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
Environ Mol Mutagen 29:406-17. 1997
..agents, DNA-topoisomerase inhibitors, antimetabolites/nucleotide pool inhibitors, cyclic-adduct inducers, halogenated hydrocarbons, bulky-adduct inducers, intercalating agents, oxidative damage inducers, and a multiple damage inducer, ..
- Enhanced metabolism of halogenated hydrocarbons in transgenic plants containing mammalian cytochrome P450 2E1
S L Doty
Department of Biochemistry, Box 357350, and College of Forest Resources, Box 352100, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:6287-91. 2000
..Therefore, transgenic plants with this enzyme could be used for more efficient remediation of many sites contaminated with halogenated hydrocarbons.
- Landfill modelling in LCA - a contribution based on empirical data
Gudrun Obersteiner
Institute of Waste Management, Department Water Atmosphere Environment, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Science, Muthgasse 107, 1190 Vienna, Austria
Waste Manag 27:S58-74. 2007
..produced by the leachate (heavy metals, organic loading), emissions into the air (CH(4), hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons) and from the energy or fuel requirements for the operation of the landfill (SO(2) and NO(x) from the ..
- Improved analysis of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons in water by purge-and-trap with gas chromatography and mass spectrometric detection
Lelio Zoccolillo
Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Ple Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
J Chromatogr A 1077:181-7. 2005
..Our method has been successfully used on real samples: tap water, mineral water and Antarctic snow...
- [SIN survey on quality control of dialysis water in Italy]
G Bonfant
U O di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale di Aosta, Aosta, Italy
G Ital Nefrol 22:241-5. 2005
..The importance of high quality water for dialysis is well established. This study aimed to obtain a picture of the Italian situation to develop national guidelines...
- Occurrence of priority organic pollutants in the fertilizers, China
Ce Hui Mo
Department of Environmental Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
J Hazard Mater 152:1208-13. 2008
..w.), followed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; <140 microg kg(-1) d.w.) and halogenated hydrocarbons (<900 microg kg(-1) d.w.). Chlorobenzenes and haloethers occurred generally at low concentrations...
- Occurrence of organic contaminants in sewage sludges from eleven wastewater treatment plants, China
Quan Ying Cai
College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
Chemosphere 68:1751-62. 2007
..w.), respectively, followed by chlorobenzenes, nitroaromatics, haloethers and halogenated hydrocarbons which occurred generally at concentrations lower than 10mgkg(-1) d.w...
- Thinner intoxication manifesting as methemoglobinemia
Sanjay Verma
Department of Pediatrics UCMS and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
Indian J Pediatr 76:315-6. 2009
..commonly used for removing household paints is known to contain mixture of various arometic hydrocarbons; halogenated hydrocarbons and naptha, if ingested may rarely cause methemoglobinemia...
- Differential sensitivity of CYP1A to 3,3',4',4-tetrachlorobiphenyl and benzo(a)pyrene in two Lepomis species
Ben F Brammell
Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 152:42-50. 2010
..be an excellent biomarker for PAH pollution, but may not be a reliable indicator of site contamination by halogenated hydrocarbons. We conclude that Lepomis species provide a useful model for examining the regulation and potential ..
- [The mutagenicity of organic microcontamination in the environment. II. The mutagenicity of volatile organic halogens in the Salmonella microsome test (Ames Test) with regard to the contamination of groundwater and drinking water]
V Mersch Sundermann
,
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg B 187:230-43. 1989
..sensitivity and specificity of microbial shortterm-tests for the registration of the mutagenic potency of halogenated hydrocarbons (OHV) 18 pure substances out of the groups of halomethanes, -ethanes and -ethylenes were examined with ..
- Immunohistochemical studies on early stage of hepatic damage induced by subacute inhalation of toluene vapor in rats
Takako Gotohda
Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokushima University School of Medicine, Kuramoto, Tokushima 770 8503, Japan
J Appl Toxicol 29:505-9. 2009
..to be vulnerable and susceptible to various organic solvents, particularly chloroform and other halogenated hydrocarbons, the hepatotoxic effects of aromatic hydrocarbons including toluene have not yet been sufficiently ..
- Analysis of persistent halogenated hydrocarbons in fish feeds containing fish oil and other alternative lipid sources
Jing You
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Talanta 85:1291-7. 2011
A trade-off exists between beneficial n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated acids and toxic persistent halogenated hydrocarbons (PHHs), both of which primarily originate from fish oil commonly used in fish feeds...
- Threshold of trichloroethylene contamination in maternal drinking waters affecting fetal heart development in the rat
Paula D Johnson
University Animal Care, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
Environ Health Perspect 111:289-92. 2003
b>Halogenated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene (TCE) are among the most common water supply contaminants in the United States and abroad...
- Potential exposure to PCBs, DDT, and PBDEs from sport-caught fish consumption in relation to breast cancer risk in Wisconsin
Jane A McElroy
University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, 53726, USA
Environ Health Perspect 112:156-62. 2004
..PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and other halogenated hydrocarbons, all of which may act as potential risk factors for breast cancer...
- Environmental risk factors for mycosis fungoides
Yonit Wohl
Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
Curr Probl Dermatol 35:52-64. 2007
..recent epidemiological data indicate that occupational exposure to chemicals, primarily to aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons, is a major risk factor to develop MF in men (odds ratio 4...
