ethylenes

Summary

Summary: Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi The Arabidopsis hrl1 mutation reveals novel overlapping roles for salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene signalling in cell death and defence against pathogens
    Sendil K Devadas
    Biology Department, Biotechnology Institute, and Intercollege Graduate Program in Plant Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    Plant J 30:467-80. 2002
  2. ncbi ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1 integrates signals from ethylene and jasmonate pathways in plant defense
    Oscar Lorenzo
    Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autonoma, 28049 Madrid, Spain
    Plant Cell 15:165-78. 2003
  3. ncbi Genome-wide insertional mutagenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana
    Jose M Alonso
    Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Science 301:653-7. 2003
  4. ncbi Integration of plant responses to environmentally activated phytohormonal signals
    Patrick Achard
    John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UJ, UK
    Science 311:91-4. 2006
  5. ncbi MAPMAN: a user-driven tool to display genomics data sets onto diagrams of metabolic pathways and other biological processes
    Oliver Thimm
    Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany
    Plant J 37:914-39. 2004
  6. ncbi Dual control of nuclear EIN3 by bifurcate MAPK cascades in C2H4 signalling
    Sang Dong Yoo
    Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
    Nature 451:789-95. 2008
  7. ncbi TAA1-mediated auxin biosynthesis is essential for hormone crosstalk and plant development
    Anna N Stepanova
    Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
    Cell 133:177-91. 2008
  8. ncbi The Arabidopsis EIN3 binding F-Box proteins EBF1 and EBF2 have distinct but overlapping roles in ethylene signaling
    Brad M Binder
    Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
    Plant Cell 19:509-23. 2007
  9. ncbi Ethylene signaling and response: where different regulatory modules meet
    Anna N Stepanova
    Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
    Curr Opin Plant Biol 12:548-55. 2009
  10. ncbi Molecular aspects of seed dormancy
    Ruth Finkelstein
    Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 9610, USA
    Annu Rev Plant Biol 59:387-415. 2008

Detail Information

Publications194 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi The Arabidopsis hrl1 mutation reveals novel overlapping roles for salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene signalling in cell death and defence against pathogens
    Sendil K Devadas
    Biology Department, Biotechnology Institute, and Intercollege Graduate Program in Plant Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    Plant J 30:467-80. 2002
    ..Our results indicate that defence gene expression and resistance against pathogens in hrl1 is regulated synergistically by SA and ET/JA defence pathways...
  2. ncbi ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR1 integrates signals from ethylene and jasmonate pathways in plant defense
    Oscar Lorenzo
    Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autonoma, 28049 Madrid, Spain
    Plant Cell 15:165-78. 2003
    ....
  3. ncbi Genome-wide insertional mutagenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana
    Jose M Alonso
    Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Science 301:653-7. 2003
    ..Insertion mutations were identified in genes that are regulated in response to the plant hormone ethylene...
  4. ncbi Integration of plant responses to environmentally activated phytohormonal signals
    Patrick Achard
    John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UJ, UK
    Science 311:91-4. 2006
    ..The growth restraint conferred by DELLA proteins is beneficial and promotes survival. We propose that DELLAs permit flexible and appropriate modulation of plant growth in response to changes in natural environments...
  5. ncbi MAPMAN: a user-driven tool to display genomics data sets onto diagrams of metabolic pathways and other biological processes
    Oliver Thimm
    Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany
    Plant J 37:914-39. 2004
    ....
  6. ncbi Dual control of nuclear EIN3 by bifurcate MAPK cascades in C2H4 signalling
    Sang Dong Yoo
    Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
    Nature 451:789-95. 2008
    ..The results suggest a new paradigm for linking intertwined MAPK cascades to control quantitative responses and specificity in signalling networks...
  7. ncbi TAA1-mediated auxin biosynthesis is essential for hormone crosstalk and plant development
    Anna N Stepanova
    Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
    Cell 133:177-91. 2008
    ..Thus, the IPA route of auxin production is key to generating robust auxin gradients in response to environmental and developmental cues...
  8. ncbi The Arabidopsis EIN3 binding F-Box proteins EBF1 and EBF2 have distinct but overlapping roles in ethylene signaling
    Brad M Binder
    Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
    Plant Cell 19:509-23. 2007
    ....
  9. ncbi Ethylene signaling and response: where different regulatory modules meet
    Anna N Stepanova
    Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
    Curr Opin Plant Biol 12:548-55. 2009
    ..Tissue-specific regulation of auxin biosynthesis, transport, and response by ethylene is emerging as a key element in this signal integration process...
  10. ncbi Molecular aspects of seed dormancy
    Ruth Finkelstein
    Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 9610, USA
    Annu Rev Plant Biol 59:387-415. 2008
    ..The net result is a slightly heterogeneous response, thereby providing more temporal options for successful germination...
  11. ncbi A combinatorial interplay among the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate isoforms regulates ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Atsunari Tsuchisaka
    Plant Gene Expression Center, Albany, California 94710, USA
    Genetics 183:979-1003. 2009
    ....
  12. ncbi Enhanced ethylene responsiveness in the Arabidopsis eer1 mutant results from a loss-of-function mutation in the protein phosphatase 2A A regulatory subunit, RCN1
    Paul Brian Larsen
    Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, CA 92521, USA
    Plant J 34:709-18. 2003
    ....
  13. ncbi Genetic dissection of the role of ethylene in regulating auxin-dependent lateral and adventitious root formation in tomato
    Sangeeta Negi
    Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Room 226 Winston Hall, Box 7325, Winston Salem, NC 27109, USA
    Plant J 61:3-15. 2010
    ..These results indicate a negative role for ethylene in lateral root formation and a positive role in adventitious root formation with modulation of auxin transport as a central point of ethylene-auxin crosstalk...
  14. ncbi Auxin herbicides induce H(2)O(2) overproduction and tissue damage in cleavers (Galium aparine L.)
    K Grossmann
    BASF Agricultural Center Limburgerhof, D 67114 Limburgerhof, Germany
    J Exp Bot 52:1811-6. 2001
    ..This overproduction of H(2)O(2) could be triggered by the decline of photosynthetic activity, due to ABA-mediated stomatal closure...
  15. ncbi Kiwifruit EIL and ERF genes involved in regulating fruit ripening
    Xue Ren Yin
    New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Auckland, New Zealand
    Plant Physiol 153:1280-92. 2010
    ..These results support a role for kiwifruit EILs and ERFs in transcriptional regulation of ripening-related genes and in the regulation of kiwifruit fruit-ripening processes...
  16. ncbi Fusarium graminearum exploits ethylene signalling to colonize dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants
    X Chen
    John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
    New Phytol 182:975-83. 2009
    ..This demonstration of translation from model to crop species provides a foundation for improving resistance of cereal crops to FHB through identification of allelic variation for components of the ethylene-signalling pathway...
  17. ncbi Emerging connections in the ethylene signaling network
    Sang Dong Yoo
    Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
    Trends Plant Sci 14:270-9. 2009
    ....
  18. ncbi Cloning and functional analysis of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) genes encoding a key enzyme during abscisic acid biosynthesis from peach and grape fruits
    Mei Zhang
    College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
    J Plant Physiol 166:1241-52. 2009
    ....
  19. ncbi Tuning the herbivore-induced ethylene burst: the role of transcript accumulation and ethylene perception in Nicotiana attenuata
    Caroline C von Dahl
    Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Beutenberg Campus, Hans Knoll Strasse 8, Jena, Germany
    Plant J 51:293-307. 2007
    ..Ethylene signaling is shown to be essential in regulating two traits that are important in the N. attenuata-M. sexta interaction: OS-induced nicotine levels and floral longevity...
  20. ncbi Phosphate availability alters architecture and causes changes in hormone sensitivity in the Arabidopsis root system
    José López-Bucio
    Departamento de Ingeniería Genética de Plantas, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Unidad Irapuato, Apartado Postal 629, 36500 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
    Plant Physiol 129:244-56. 2002
    ..These results suggest that in Arabidopsis, auxin sensitivity may play a fundamental role in the modifications of root architecture by P availability...
  21. ncbi Transcriptional regulation of ethylene receptor and CTR genes involved in ethylene-induced flower opening in cut rose (Rosa hybrida) cv. Samantha
    Nan Ma
    Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
    J Exp Bot 57:2763-73. 2006
    ..Samantha, and that continued ethylene perception results in flower opening. Ethylene may regulate flower opening mainly through expression of two ethylene receptor genes (Rh-ETR1 and Rh-ETR3) and two CTR (Rh-CTR1 and Rh-CTR2) genes...
  22. ncbi The mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade MKK3-MPK6 is an important part of the jasmonate signal transduction pathway in Arabidopsis
    Fuminori Takahashi
    Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 0074, Japan
    Plant Cell 19:805-18. 2007
    ..We provide a model explaining how MPK6 can convert three distinct signals - JA, pathogen, and cold/salt stress - into three different sets of responses in Arabidopsis...
  23. ncbi The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor PIF5 acts on ethylene biosynthesis and phytochrome signaling by distinct mechanisms
    Rajnish Khanna
    Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
    Plant Cell 19:3915-29. 2007
    ....
  24. ncbi Different plant hormones regulate similar processes through largely nonoverlapping transcriptional responses
    Jennifer L Nemhauser
    Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    Cell 126:467-75. 2006
    ..Instead, different hormones appear to regulate distinct members of protein families. We conclude that there is not a core transcriptional growth-regulatory module in young Arabidopsis seedlings...
  25. ncbi Ethylene biosynthesis and signaling: an overview
    Annelies De Paepe
    Unit Plant Hormone Signaling and Bio-imaging, Department of Molecular Genetics Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
    Vitam Horm 72:399-430. 2005
    ....
  26. ncbi Activation of a stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade induces the biosynthesis of ethylene in plants
    Cha Young Kim
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
    Plant Cell 15:2707-18. 2003
    ..These results suggest that the induction of ethylene but not JA/MJ is involved in plant defense responses mediated by the NtMEK2-SIPK/WIPK pathway...
  27. ncbi Ethylene and phosphorus availability have interacting yet distinct effects on root hair development
    Yuan-Ji Zhang
    Department of Horticulture, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    J Exp Bot 54:2351-61. 2003
    ....
  28. ncbi Regulation of root elongation under phosphorus stress involves changes in ethylene responsiveness
    Zhong Ma
    Department of Horticulture, The Pennsylvania State University, 103 Tyson Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
    Plant Physiol 131:1381-90. 2003
    ..We conclude that the root system acclimates to phosphorus deficiency by changing the signal transduction pathway connecting ethylene levels to growth and division...
  29. ncbi A Pseudomonas syringae type III effector suppresses cell wall-based extracellular defense in susceptible Arabidopsis plants
    Paula Hauck
    Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:8577-82. 2003
    ..AvrPto is therefore one of the long postulated suppressors of an salicylic acid-independent, cell wall-based defense that is aimed at hrp mutant bacteria...
  30. ncbi Genetic variation for lettuce seed thermoinhibition is associated with temperature-sensitive expression of abscisic Acid, gibberellin, and ethylene biosynthesis, metabolism, and response genes
    Jason Argyris
    Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 8780, USA
    Plant Physiol 148:926-47. 2008
    ..The temperature sensitivity of expression of LsNCED4 may determine the upper temperature limit for lettuce seed germination and may indirectly influence other regulatory pathways via interconnected effects of increased ABA biosynthesis...
  31. ncbi Ethylene mediates response and tolerance to potassium deprivation in Arabidopsis
    Ji Yul Jung
    Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, Missouri 63132, USA
    Plant Cell 21:607-21. 2009
    ..Ethylene signaling is a component of the plant's response to low potassium that stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species and is important for changes in root morphology and whole plant tolerance to low potassium conditions...
  32. ncbi Antagonism between abscisic acid and ethylene in Arabidopsis acts in parallel with the reciprocal regulation of their metabolism and signaling pathways
    Wan Hsing Cheng
    Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
    Plant Mol Biol 71:61-80. 2009
    ..These data further suggest that ABA and ethylene may control the hormonal biosynthesis, catabolism, or signaling of each other to enhance their antagonistic effects upon seed germination and early seedling growth...
  33. ncbi Molecular and genetic characterization of a non-climacteric phenotype in melon reveals two loci conferring altered ethylene response in fruit
    Christophe Perin
    Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Génétique et d Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Domaine St Maurice, Boîte Postale 94, 84143 Montfavet cedex, France
    Plant Physiol 129:300-9. 2002
    ..Five candidate genes (two ACO, two ACS, and ERS) that were localized on the melon genetic map did not exhibit colocalization with Al-3 or Al-4...
  34. ncbi The Arabidopsis eer1 mutant has enhanced ethylene responses in the hypocotyl and stem
    P B Larsen
    Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
    Plant Physiol 125:1061-73. 2001
    ..Our findings suggest that the wild-type EER1 product acts to oppose ethylene responses in the hypocotyl and stem...
  35. ncbi EIN2, a bifunctional transducer of ethylene and stress responses in Arabidopsis
    J M Alonso
    Plant Science Institute, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 6018, USA
    Science 284:2148-52. 1999
    ..EIN2 is thus recognized as a molecular link between previously distinct hormone response pathways. Plants may use a combinatorial mechanism for assessing various stresses by enlisting a common set of signaling molecules...
  36. ncbi Expression of a divergent expansin gene is fruit-specific and ripening-regulated
    J K Rose
    Mann Laboratory, Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:5955-60. 1997
    ....
  37. ncbi Ethylene-induced stabilization of ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 and EIN3-LIKE1 is mediated by proteasomal degradation of EIN3 binding F-box 1 and 2 that requires EIN2 in Arabidopsis
    Fengying An
    National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    Plant Cell 22:2384-401. 2010
    ..Our results also reveal that EBF1 and EBF2 act as essential ethylene signal transducers that by themselves are subject to proteasomal degradation...
  38. ncbi Regulation of Arabidopsis defense responses against Spodoptera littoralis by CPK-mediated calcium signaling
    Chidananda Nagamangala Kanchiswamy
    Global COE Program Evolution and Biodiversity, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
    BMC Plant Biol 10:97. 2010
    ..Ca2+-binding sensory proteins such as Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) have been predicted to mediate the signaling following Ca2+ influx after insect herbivory. However, until now this prediction was not testable...
  39. ncbi Role of PIN-mediated auxin efflux in apical hook development of Arabidopsis thaliana
    Petra Zádníková
    Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
    Development 137:607-17. 2010
    ..This ethylene effect is in part mediated by regulation of PIN-dependent auxin efflux and auxin signaling...
  40. ncbi Dominance induction of fruitlet shedding in Malus x domestica (L. Borkh): molecular changes associated with polar auxin transport
    Valeriano Dal Cin
    Department of Environmental Agronomy and Crop Science, University of Padova, Viale dell Universita 16, 35020 Legnaro Padova, Italy
    BMC Plant Biol 9:139. 2009
    ..The response to these hormones is controlled by transcription regulators such as Aux/IAA and ARR, whereas auxin transport is controlled by influx and efflux carriers...
  41. ncbi Transcriptional activation of a 37 kDa ethylene responsive cysteine protease gene, RbCP1, is associated with protein degradation during petal abscission in rose
    Siddharth Kaushal Tripathi
    Plant Gene Expression Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
    J Exp Bot 60:2035-44. 2009
    ..It is concluded that petal abscission is associated with a decrease in total protein content resulting from rapid transcription of RbCP1 and the expression of a 37 kDa protease...
  42. ncbi Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 and 6 regulate Botrytis cinerea-induced ethylene production in Arabidopsis
    Ling Han
    Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
    Plant J 64:114-27. 2010
    ..cinerea-induced ethylene production. The residual levels of ethylene induction in the acs2/acs6 double mutant suggest the involvement of additional ACS isoforms, possibly regulated by MAPK-independent pathway(s)...
  43. ncbi Ethylene upregulates auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seedlings to enhance inhibition of root cell elongation
    Ranjan Swarup
    School of Biosciences and Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
    Plant Cell 19:2186-96. 2007
    ..We conclude that by upregulating auxin biosynthesis, ethylene facilitates its ability to inhibit root cell expansion...
  44. ncbi Ethylene and auxin control the Arabidopsis response to decreased light intensity
    Filip Vandenbussche
    Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Ghent, Belgium
    Plant Physiol 133:517-27. 2003
    ..Taken together, the data show that ethylene and auxin signaling are required for the response to low light intensities...
  45. ncbi Involvement of the octadecanoid pathway in bluegreen aphid resistance in Medicago truncatula
    Ling Ling Gao
    CSIRO Plant Industry, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 20:82-93. 2007
    ..Together, these results strongly suggest that the octadecanoid pathway is important for this naturally derived aphid resistance trait...
  46. ncbi Host and non-host pathogens elicit different jasmonate/ethylene responses in Arabidopsis
    Laurent Zimmerli
    Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
    Plant J 40:633-46. 2004
    ..Taken together, these data suggest that biotrophic host pathogens must either suppress or fail to elicit the JA/ET signal transduction pathway...
  47. ncbi Plastidial fatty acid signaling modulates salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-mediated defense pathways in the Arabidopsis ssi2 mutant
    Aardra Kachroo
    Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
    Plant Cell 15:2952-65. 2003
    ....
  48. ncbi Recent advances in ethylene research
    Zhefeng Lin
    Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
    J Exp Bot 60:3311-36. 2009
    ....
  49. ncbi The eto1, eto2, and eto3 mutations and cytokinin treatment increase ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis by increasing the stability of ACS protein
    Hyun Sook Chae
    Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3280, USA
    Plant Cell 15:545-59. 2003
    ..These results suggest that an important mechanism by which ethylene biosynthesis is controlled is the regulation of the stability of ACS, mediated at least in part through the C-terminal domain...
  50. ncbi Auxin is a positive regulator for ethylene-mediated response in the growth of Arabidopsis roots
    A Rahman
    Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
    Plant Cell Physiol 42:301-7. 2001
    ..These results suggest that auxin is a positive regulator for ethylene-induced inhibition in root elongation...
  51. ncbi Arabidopsis MAP kinase 4 regulates salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid/ethylene-dependent responses via EDS1 and PAD4
    Peter Brodersen
    Institute of Molecular Biology, Copenhagen University, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, DK 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
    Plant J 47:532-46. 2006
    ..The regulation of some, but not all, of these genes involves EDS1 and PAD4...
  52. ncbi Mechanisms of cross talk between gibberellin and other hormones
    David Weiss
    Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
    Plant Physiol 144:1240-6. 2007
  53. ncbi Mutation of a UDP-glucose-4-epimerase alters nematode susceptibility and ethylene responses in Arabidopsis roots
    Martin J E Wubben
    Interdepartmental Genetics Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
    Plant J 40:712-24. 2004
    ..We conclude that RHD1 is a likely target of root-specific negative regulation by ethylene and that loss of RHD1 function results in a heightened sensitivity of root tissues to both ethylene and auxin...
  54. ncbi Sub1A is an ethylene-response-factor-like gene that confers submergence tolerance to rice
    Kenong Xu
    Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
    Nature 442:705-8. 2006
    ..Cultivation of this variety is expected to provide protection against damaging floods and increase crop security for farmers...
  55. ncbi Hormone interactions during lateral root formation
    Hidehiro Fukaki
    Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1 1, Rokkodai, Kobe 657 8501, Japan
    Plant Mol Biol 69:437-49. 2009
    ....
  56. ncbi Ethylene controls autophosphorylation of the histidine kinase domain in ethylene receptor ETR1
    Jan Voet-van-Vormizeele
    Heinrich Heine Universitat, Biochemie der Pflanzen, Universitatsstr 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
    Mol Plant 1:380-7. 2008
    ..Furthermore, the observed inhibition of autophosphorylation in ETR1 by both molecules could be prevented when the ethylene antagonist 1-methyl-cyclopropene (MCP) was applied...
  57. ncbi Arabidopsis thaliana class-II TGA transcription factors are essential activators of jasmonic acid/ethylene-induced defense responses
    Mark Zander
    Albrecht von Haller Institut fuer Pflanzenwissenschaften, Georg August Universitaet Goettingen, Untere Karspuele 2, D 37073 Goettingen, Germany
    Plant J 61:200-10. 2010
    ..These results imply that the antagonistic effects of TGA factors and JIN1/AtMYC2 on the JA/ET pathway are necessary to evoke the SA-mediated suppression of JA/ET-induced defense responses...
  58. ncbi EIN2, the central regulator of ethylene signalling, is localized at the ER membrane where it interacts with the ethylene receptor ETR1
    Melanie M A Bisson
    Department of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Universitatsstrasse 1, Germany
    Biochem J 424:1-6. 2009
    ..Here we show, by an integrated approach using in vivo and in vitro fluorescence techniques, that EIN2 is localized at the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) membrane where it shows specific interaction with the ethylene receptor protein ETR1...
  59. ncbi Ripening-associated ethylene biosynthesis in tomato fruit is autocatalytically and developmentally regulated
    Naoki Yokotani
    Research Institute for Biological Sciences, 7549 1 Yoshikawa, Kibichuo cho, Okayama, 716 1241 Japan
    J Exp Bot 60:3433-42. 2009
    ..This increase would be enough for the stimulation of autocatalytic ethylene production, leading to fruit ripening...
  60. ncbi Preparation of ethylene gas and comparison of ethylene responses induced by ethylene, ACC, and ethephon
    Wei Zhang
    National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
    Plant Physiol Biochem 48:45-53. 2010
    ..For laboratories that do not have an ethylene tank, ethylene gas can be easily prepared by a chemical approach without further purification...
  61. ncbi Aphid-induced defense responses in Mi-1-mediated compatible and incompatible tomato interactions
    Oscar Martinez de Ilarduya
    Department of Nematology, 1303 Webber Hall, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 16:699-708. 2003
    ..Reciprocal grafting experiments revealed that resistance is cell autonomous, and local expression of Mi-1 is required for Mi-1-mediated resistance against the potato aphid...
  62. ncbi Transcriptional regulation of the ethylene response factor LeERF2 in the expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes controls ethylene production in tomato and tobacco
    Zhijin Zhang
    Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    Plant Physiol 150:365-77. 2009
    ....
  63. ncbi Silencing Sl-EBF1 and Sl-EBF2 expression causes constitutive ethylene response phenotype, accelerated plant senescence, and fruit ripening in tomato
    Yingwu Yang
    Genetic Engineering Research Center, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
    J Exp Bot 61:697-708. 2010
    ..The data support the hypothesis that protein degradation via the ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway is a control point of fruit ripening and open new leads for engineering fruit quality...
  64. ncbi Ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis involves feedback regulation via the elaborate control of EBF2 expression by EIN3
    Mineko Konishi
    Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1 1 1, Bunkyo ku, Tokyo 113 8657, Japan
    Plant J 55:821-31. 2008
    ..These results thus indicate that the fine-tuning of ethylene signaling involves the intricate regulation of EBF2 expression in Arabidopsis...
  65. ncbi HAHB4, a sunflower HD-Zip protein, integrates signals from the jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways during wounding and biotic stress responses
    Pablo A Manavella
    Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, CC 242 Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
    Plant J 56:376-88. 2008
    ....
  66. ncbi Functional analysis of Arabidopsis WRKY25 transcription factor in plant defense against Pseudomonas syringae
    Zuyu Zheng
    Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 2054, USA
    BMC Plant Biol 7:2. 2007
    ..However, there is only limited information about the roles of specific WRKY DNA-binding transcription factors in plant defense...
  67. ncbi Early responses in the Arabidopsis-Verticillium longisporum pathosystem are dependent on NDR1, JA- and ET-associated signals via cytosolic NPR1 and RFO1
    Anna Johansson
    Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7080, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 19:958-69. 2006
    ..longisporum resistance...
  68. ncbi Cross-talk between ethylene and drought signalling pathways is mediated by the sunflower Hahb-4 transcription factor
    Pablo A Manavella
    , , Universidad Nacional del Litoral, CONICET, CC 242 Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
    Plant J 48:125-37. 2006
    ..We propose that Hahb-4 is involved in a novel conserved mechanism related to ethylene-mediated senescence that functions to improve desiccation tolerance...
  69. ncbi TINY, a dehydration-responsive element (DRE)-binding protein-like transcription factor connecting the DRE- and ethylene-responsive element-mediated signaling pathways in Arabidopsis
    Shan Sun
    Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
    J Biol Chem 283:6261-71. 2008
    ..The results herein might promote the understanding of the mechanisms of specific DNA recognition and gene expression regulation by DREBs...
  70. ncbi [Phytohormones in plant disease resistance]
    Hideo Nakashita
    Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 52:680-5. 2007
  71. ncbi Signaling pathways controlling induced resistance to insect herbivores in Arabidopsis
    Natacha Bodenhausen
    Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 20:1406-20. 2007
    ..littoralis larvae performed better on aba2-1 mutants. This study reveals a new role for ABA in defense against insects in Arabidopsis and identifies some components important for plant resistance to herbivory...
  72. ncbi Planar polarity of root hair positioning in Arabidopsis
    U Fischer
    Umea Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE 90183 Umea, Sweden
    Biochem Soc Trans 35:149-51. 2007
    ..Here, we summarize and discuss recent progress in research on polar root hair positioning from studies in Arabidopsis...
  73. ncbi [Regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in plants]
    Kamil Frankowski
    Zakład Fizjologii i Biologii Molekularnej Roślin, Instytut Biologii Ogólnej i Molekularnej, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Torun
    Postepy Biochem 53:66-73. 2007
    ..Also, post-translational regulation of the enzymes seems to be a key regulatory mechanism for the control of their activity. Because of versatile regulation of its production, ethylene can control plant development at many levels...
  74. ncbi GmEREBP1 is a transcription factor activating defense genes in soybean and Arabidopsis
    Mitra Mazarei
    Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 20:107-19. 2007
    ....
  75. ncbi AtNAC2, a transcription factor downstream of ethylene and auxin signaling pathways, is involved in salt stress response and lateral root development
    Xin Jian He
    National Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    Plant J 44:903-16. 2005
    ..AtNAC2 also promoted or inhibited downstream gene expressions. These results indicate that AtNAC2 may be a transcription factor incorporating the environmental and endogenous stimuli into the process of plant lateral root development...
  76. ncbi Resistance to Botrytis cinerea induced in Arabidopsis by elicitors is independent of salicylic acid, ethylene, or jasmonate signaling but requires PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3
    Simone Ferrari
    Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro Forestali, Universita degli Studi di Padova, 23 35020 Legnaro, Italy
    Plant Physiol 144:367-79. 2007
    ....
  77. ncbi A new CULLIN 1 mutant has altered responses to hormones and light in Arabidopsis
    Jennifer Moon
    Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
    Plant Physiol 143:684-96. 2007
    ..Characterization of weak cul1 mutants provides insight into the role of SCFs throughout plant growth and development...
  78. ncbi Arabidopsis jasmonate signaling pathway
    Aurélie Gfeller
    Gene Expression Laboratory, Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Sci STKE 2006:cm1. 2006
    ....
  79. ncbi Tandemly duplicated Arabidopsis genes that encode polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins are regulated coordinately by different signal transduction pathways in response to fungal infection
    Simone Ferrari
    Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
    Plant Cell 15:93-106. 2003
    ..Therefore, gene duplication followed by the divergence of promoter regions may result in different modes of regulation of similar defensive proteins, thereby enhancing the likelihood of defense gene activation during pathogen infection...
  80. ncbi Susceptible to intolerance--a range of hormonal actions in a susceptible Arabidopsis pathogen response
    Eric A Schmelz
    Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
    Plant J 33:245-57. 2003
    ..In contrast to ethylene, accumulation of these hormones was not found to be dependent on SA action. These results indicate that the plants response to a virulent pathogen is a composite of multiple signaling pathways...
  81. ncbi Tomato transcription factors pti4, pti5, and pti6 activate defense responses when expressed in Arabidopsis
    Yong Qiang Gu
    Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
    Plant Cell 14:817-31. 2002
    ..These results indicate that Pti4, Pti5, and Pti6 activate the expression of a wide array of PR genes and play important and distinct roles in plant defense...
  82. ncbi Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and Erwinia-derived elicitors HrpN and PehA trigger distinct but interacting defense responses and cell death in Arabidopsis
    Tarja Kariola
    Department of Biosciences, Division of Genetics, P.O. Box 56, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 16:179-87. 2003
    ..The two elicitors produced by E. carotovora subsp. carotovora also cooperate in triggering increased production of superoxide and lesion formation...
  83. ncbi Identification of Arabidopsis ethylene-responsive element binding factors with distinct induction kinetics after pathogen infection
    Luis Oñate-Sánchez
    Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Plant Industry, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia 6913, Australia
    Plant Physiol 128:1313-22. 2002
    ....
  84. ncbi An Arabidopsis histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) factor implicated in phosphorelay signal transduction: overexpression of AHP2 in plants results in hypersensitiveness to cytokinin
    Tomomi Suzuki
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Chikusa ku, Nagoya, 464 8601 Japan
    Plant Cell Physiol 43:123-9. 2002
    ..These in vivo observations were best interpreted by assuming that the AHP factor(s) is somehow implicated, if not directly, in a cytokinin-mediated His-->Asp phosphorelay signaling in Arabidopsis...
  85. ncbi Molecular characterization of a novel senescence-associated gene SPA15 induced during leaf senescence in sweet potato
    Mee-Ngan Yap
    Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
    Plant Mol Biol 51:471-81. 2003
    ..Immunoelectron microscopic analysis demonstrates that SPA15 is specifically associated with the cell wall. The potential role for SPA15 during leaf senescence is discussed...
  86. ncbi The promoter of a basic PR1-like gene, AtPRB1, from Arabidopsis establishes an organ-specific expression pattern and responsiveness to ethylene and methyl jasmonate
    M Santamaria
    Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, UK
    Plant Mol Biol 47:641-52. 2001
    ..It is anticipated that transgenic plants containing AtPRB1-based promoter::reporter constructs will provide useful tools for the future dissection of the cognate signalling networks regulating the expression of this gene...
  87. ncbi Ethylene and jasmonic acid signaling affect the NPR1-independent expression of defense genes without impacting resistance to Pseudomonas syringae and Peronospora parasitica in the Arabidopsis ssi1 mutant
    Ashis Nandi
    Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 16:588-99. 2003
    ..Taken together, our results indicate that although cross talk in ssi1 renders expression of ethylene- or JA-responsive defense genes sensitive to SA and vice versa, it does not affect downstream signaling leading to resistance...
  88. ncbi An Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase gene family encodes essential positive regulators of cytokinesis
    Patrick J Krysan
    Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, 425 Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
    Plant Cell 14:1109-20. 2002
    ..The molecular and structural phenotypes displayed by the double mutants support a model in which the ANP family of MAPKKKs positively regulates cell division and growth and may negatively regulate stress responses...
  89. ncbi Characterization of a novel, defense-related Arabidopsis mutant, cir1, isolated by luciferase imaging
    Shane L Murray
    Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 15:557-66. 2002
    ..syringae pv. tomato DC3000 but not Peronospora parasitica Noco2. Therefore, the cir1 mutation may define a negative regulator of disease resistance that operates upstream of SA, JA, and ET accumulation...
  90. ncbi NHL25 and NHL3, two NDR1/HIN1-1ike genes in Arabidopsis thaliana with potential role(s) in plant defense
    Anne Varet
    Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Halle Saale, Germany
    Mol Plant Microbe Interact 15:608-16. 2002
    ..Hence, the expression patterns and sequence homology to NDR1 and HIN1 suggest one or more potential roles for these genes in plant resistance...
  91. ncbi Ozone-induced ethylene production is dependent on salicylic acid, and both salicylic acid and ethylene act in concert to regulate ozone-induced cell death
    Mulpuri V Rao
    Paradigm Genetics, Inc, 108 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
    Plant J 32:447-56. 2002
    ..Our results suggest that both SA and ethylene act in concert to influence cell death in O3-sensitive genotypes, and that O3-induced ethylene production is dependent on SA...
  92. ncbi A unique short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase in Arabidopsis glucose signaling and abscisic acid biosynthesis and functions
    Wan Hsing Cheng
    Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
    Plant Cell 14:2723-43. 2002
    ..The surprisingly restricted spatial and temporal expression of SDR1 suggests the dynamic mobilization of ABA precursors and/or ABA...
  93. ncbi Auxin and ethylene response interactions during Arabidopsis root hair development dissected by auxin influx modulators
    Abidur Rahman
    Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
    Plant Physiol 130:1908-17. 2002
    ....
  94. ncbi A conditionally fertile coi1 allele indicates cross-talk between plant hormone signalling pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds and young seedlings
    Christine Ellis
    School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
    Planta 215:549-56. 2002
    ..We have used coi1-16 seeds to define novel interactions between JA and other hormone signalling pathways in seed germination and in the development of young seedlings...
  95. ncbi The Arabidopsis mutant cev1 links cell wall signaling to jasmonate and ethylene responses
    Christine Ellis
    School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
    Plant Cell 14:1557-66. 2002
    ..We propose that the cell wall can signal stress responses in plants...
  96. ncbi Transcriptional profiling reveals novel interactions between wounding, pathogen, abiotic stress, and hormonal responses in Arabidopsis
    Yong Hwa Cheong
    Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    Plant Physiol 129:661-77. 2002
    ..These results further dissected the nature of mechanical wounding as a stress signal and identified new genes that may play a role in wounding and other signal transduction pathways...
  97. ncbi Regulation of root hair initiation and expansin gene expression in Arabidopsis
    Hyung Taeg Cho
    Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
    Plant Cell 14:3237-53. 2002
    ..Our study suggests that two distinctive signaling pathways, one developmental and the other environmental/hormonal, converge to modulate the initiation of the root hair and the expression of its specific expansin gene set...
  98. ncbi Constitutive expression of ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1 in Arabidopsis confers resistance to several necrotrophic fungi
    Marta Berrocal-Lobo
    , , , 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Plant J 29:23-32. 2002
    ....
  99. ncbi Characterization of Arabidopsis enhanced disease susceptibility mutants that are affected in systemically induced resistance
    Jurriaan Ton
    Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences, Section of Phytopathology, Faculty of Biology, Utrecht University, PO Box 800.84, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
    Plant J 29:11-21. 2002
    ....
  100. ncbi Arabidopsis local resistance to Botrytis cinerea involves salicylic acid and camalexin and requires EDS4 and PAD2, but not SID2, EDS5 or PAD4
    Simone Ferrari
    Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
    Plant J 35:193-205. 2003
    ..cinerea requires ethylene-, jasmonate-, and SA-mediated signaling, that the SA affecting this resistance does not require ICS1 and is likely synthesized via PAL, and that camalexin limits lesion development...
  101. ncbi Root cap specific expression of an endo-beta-1,4-D-glucanase (cellulase): a new marker to study root development in Arabidopsis
    Elena del Campillo
    Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA
    Plant Mol Biol 56:309-23. 2004
    ..We propose that AtCel5, provides a new molecular marker to further analyze the process of root cap cell separation and a root cap specific promoter for targeting to the environment genes with beneficial properties for plant growth...

Research Grants76

  1. ISOMERIC RETINOIDS, CAROTENOIDS, THEIR PROTEIN COMPLEXES
    Robert Liu; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..g., material science). The new sets of retinoids and carotenoids will not only be useful for our own studies but also for other biochemical and pharmaceutical researches. ..
  2. SYNTHESIS OF MACROCYCLES STEROIDS CYCLOPENTANOIDS ETC
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..Ring expansion methods may convert these cores into the taxoid skeleton with appropriate functionality at key points for analog development. ..
  3. Synthesis of Macrolides, Steroids, Cyclopentanoids, etc.
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..These new synthetic methods apply to many structural types beyond those illustrated and constitutes a significant to gain access to complex molecular targets more easily. ..
  4. Synthesis of Macrolides, Steroids, Cyclopentanoids, etc.
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..These new synthetic methods apply to many structural types beyond those illustrated and constitutes a significant to gain access to complex molecular targets more easily. ..
  5. Novel Approaches for Antitumor and Antiviral Agents
    Barry M Trost; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..This proposal helps to address this key challenge by developing the underlying initial technology within classes of compounds having demonstrably antitumor or antiviral activities. ..
  6. NOVEL APPROACHES TO ANTITUMOR AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..By expediting access to very diverse arrays of structural types, the best opportunities to discover new therapeutic agents arise. ..
  7. Synthesis of Macrolides, Steroids, Cyclopentanoids, etc.
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..These new synthetic methods apply to many structural types beyond those illustrated and constitutes a significant to gain access to complex molecular targets more easily. ..
  8. Synthesis of Macrolides, Steroids, Cyclopentanoids, etc.
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..These new synthetic methods apply to many structural types beyond those illustrated and constitutes a significant to gain access to complex molecular targets more easily. ..
  9. Synthesis of Macrolides. Steroids, Cyclopentanoids, etc
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..This new concept sets the stage for solutions to a long standing problem, the ion channel blockers, the grayanotoxins. as well as the more recently discovered rameswaralide, a potent antiinflamatory. ..
  10. NOVEL APPROACHES TO ANTITUMOR AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..By accessing a very diverse range of structural types, the best opportunities to discover new therapeutic agents arise. ..
  11. NOVEL APPROACHES TO ANTITUMOR AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 2000
    ..Equally important, new avenues to vary structure around these cores in order to establish structure-activity relationships with the aim to create better therapeutic agents become available. ..
  12. NOVEL SYNTHETIC APPROACHES TO ANTITUMOR COMPOUNDS
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 1992
    ..A strategy to one family of tumor promoters represented by teleocidin explores the concept of chemical chameleons. In most cases, the strategy also considers the problem of absolute stereochemistry...
  13. NOVEL APPROACHES TO ANTITUMOR AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS
    BARRY TROST; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..The diversity of the challenges posed by antiviral and antitumor agents represent highly meaningful tests of their use...
  14. NMR systems : 2 Bruker Avance 500 Consoles
    AMOS SMITH; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..The areas of public health research include, among others, cancer, infectious diseases, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, and heart and cardiovascular disease. ..
  15. Pilot-Scale Libraries for High-throughput Screening
    AMOS SMITH; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ....
  16. CATALYTIC ENANTIOSELECTIVE OLEFIN METATHESIS REACTIONS
    Richard Schrock; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..Both AROM followed by RCM, and AROM followed by intermolecular cross- metathesis, will be developed as efficient methods for catalytic enantioselective synthesis. ..
  17. PRO-LEU-GLY-NH2 AND DOPAMINE RECEPTOR MODULATION STUDY
    Rodney Johnson; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ....
  18. COMBINATORIAL APPROACHES TO ANTI-SMALLPOX AGENTS
    Michael Pirrung; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ....
  19. BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY OF ANTIBACTERIALS
    Michael Pirrung; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..An ancillary benefit of this project will be the development of novel techniques in solid phase synthesis through the total synthesis of natural products. ..
  20. Medicinal Chemistry and Biology of Oral Insulin Mimics
    Michael Pirrung; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..They would therefore increase the reliability of diabetes management, particularly for children. ..
  21. CHEMISTRY-BIOLOGY INTERFACE TRAINING PROGRAM
    Michael Pirrung; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..It is intended to train future leaders in pharmaceutical, medical, and biotechnological research to serve in academia, government, and industry. ..