rivers

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..To the knowledge of the authors, this study is the first to demonstrate a relationship between urban and agricultural activity and microbial resistance in river sediments using quantitative molecular tools...

..However, additional data are needed to determine whether snail populations that are typically destroyed by seasonal floods may live longer in more stable environments created by the dam...

..In view of our findings, emergency responses are warranted as soon as possible after the occurrence of a flood in order to avoid or mitigate the reemergence and spread of human schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China...

..This finding suggests that denitrification, though using NO2- as a substrate, also provides a substrate for the anammox process, which has been suggested in previous studies where microscale NO2- profiles were not measured...

..The increase in DOC concentrations in these regions appears unrelated to other climatic factors...

..We employed two adjacent rivers in southern New Zealand to test for interdrainage dispersal while controlling for historical drainage geometry, ..

..Reducing current vulnerability will be the first step to prepare for such anticipated changes...

..performed to investigate prevalence of clonorchiasis among the inhabitants living in villages along the 4 major rivers, Nakdong-gang (=river), Seomjin-gang, Youngsan-gang, and Guem-gang in southern Korea...

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..Competition for limited food resources in habitats where herbivore densities are uncontrolled by predation or other mortality factors should strongly influence the potential for herbivores to be limited by mineral deficits in their food...

b>Rivers can act as both islands of mesic refugia for terrestrial organisms during times of aridification and barriers to gene flow, though evidence for long-term isolation by rivers is mixed...

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..Thus, we demonstrated a biogeographical distribution of diverse anammox bacteria influenced by salinity, and provide evidence to link anammox abundance and activities in estuarine sediments...

..Predicting how salmon affect terrestrial ecosystems is central to conservation plans that aim to better integrate ecosystem values into resource management...

..0% from tributaries, and 88.9% from lakes exhibited low and moderate ecological risk of heavy metals, and the potential ecological risks in the mainstream and tributaries were higher than those in lakes...

We aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in coliforms isolated from ten rivers in northern region of Turkey...

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..This reestablished metapopulation is the largest of any native oyster worldwide and validates ecological restoration of native oyster species...

..The low affinity of OC to sediments suggests that presence of sediments would not reduce its bioavailability to microbial degradation...

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..resistance profiles and tetracycline resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae family isolates from the Pearl rivers. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were tested for susceptibility to seven antibiotics ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ..

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..The reliability of ecosystem services will erode faster than indicated by species loss alone...

..Realistic prediction of community recovery dynamics requires consideration of the species' life-cycle traits...

..works in both freshwater and the ocean, it is therefore possible to extend the measurement of survival to large rivers lacking dams, such as the Fraser, and to also extend the measurement of survival to the lower Columbia River and ..

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..budgets show that an average of about 20-25 per cent of the nitrogen added to the biosphere is exported from rivers to the ocean or inland basins, indicating that substantial sinks for nitrogen must exist in the landscape...

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..However, variability of BCFs at low DOC indicates that DOC composition or other ligands may determine site-specific bioavailability of Hg...

..dominance of invertebrate secondary production by invasive New Zealand mudsnails (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) in rivers. We measured secondary production of mudsnails and native invertebrates in three rivers in the Greater Yellowstone ..

..The results emphasize the importance of considering ecological traits and recolonization processes on the landscape level for ecotoxicological risk assessment...

..Overall, anammox is likely to be regulated by the availability of NO3- and NO2- and the relative size or activity of the anammox population...

..The C2H2 inhibition method with chloramphenicol addition, conducted over short incubation intervals, provides a cost-effective method for estimating denitrification, and rate estimates are comparable to those obtained by the MIMS method...

..Biomasses of the various taxa (based on DGGE band intensities) were related to substrate type...

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..Temporal dynamics were not directly correlated to a suite of physicochemical parameters, suggesting that tolerance patterns within microhabitats are linked to a complex interaction of the physicochemical characteristics of the stream...

Zambian rivers belong to two major drainages: the Luapula-Congo and the Zambezi River system...

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..The mean concentration of beta-apo-OTC in river sediments was 20.8 +/- 7.8 mg/kg, and its ratio to OTC was approximately 0.11, nearly twice the ratio of alpha-apo-OTC and EOTC to OTC (0.058 +/- 0.014 and 0.061 +/- 0.015, respectively)...

..The present study was the first longitudinal entomological and epidemiological study conducted in this area and set up the basic ground for subsequent intervention with insecticide-treated nets...

..The excess metal fluxes also showed a consistently increasing tread since the early 1990s, which could be associated with the intensive use of phosphate fertilizers and the combustion of fossil fuels derived from human activities...

..Underlying this landscape are large reserves of oil and gas, many yet untapped. The growing global demand is leading to unprecedented exploration and development in the region...

..Hg may also originate from coal combustion. Significant positive correlations between TN and As were observed...

..This framework offers direct linkage from large-scale forcing, such as global climate change, to biodiversity patterns...

..The Northern Rivers Ecosystem Initiative required a research and assessment program to establish the contribution of pulp mill and ..

..In this study, we imported Google Earth technology and a Global Positioning System (GPS) into the monitoring system for schistosomiasis surveillance of the banks of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, China...

A 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD(5)) test has been used as the standard measurement of organic pollution in rivers worldwide...

..The prevalence of testicular oocytes is discussed in terms of human population and agricultural intensity...

..It appears that proximity to effluent from WWTPs may influence the reproductive health of bass in the Potomac watershed, but inputs from other sources likely contribute to the widespread, high incidence of testicular oocytes...

..In contrast, the accepted explanation for feminization of wild male fish is that it results mainly from exposure to steroidal estrogens originating primarily from human excretion...

..present study was to determine the presence of different psychoactive pharmaceuticals and metabolites in the main rivers of Madrid metropolitan area: Jarama, Manzanares, Guadarrama, Henares and Tajo...

..from site-specific contaminant exposures were evaluated at study areas (SAs) along the Tittabawassee and Saginaw rivers downstream of Midland...

..Overall, this study suggests that a combination of the two can be plausible scenarios not only to support sustainable urban water resources management, but to enhance a quality of urban stream restoration assignment...

..Since that year morbidity and mortality have also been observed in the Shenandoah and Monocacy rivers. Despite much research, no single pathogen, parasite, or chemical cause for the lesions and mortality has been ..

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..trimethoprim, roxithromycin, erythromycin-H₂O and norfloxacin) were detected in the water samples of the three rivers and the effluents...

..distance tests, which show a significant correlation between mtDNA divergence and distance and a strong effect of rivers as barriers for female movement...

..dissolved and particulate nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) to the coastal waters of China, for sixteen rivers, as calculated by the Global NEWS models (Nutrient Export from WaterSheds)...

..dominated by furan congeners (69-84%), primarily 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, for all species at SAs on the Tittabawassee and Saginaw rivers but were dominated by dioxin congeners at upstream RAs.

..Descriptions of the natural range of variation in migration strategies among individuals and populations is necessary before the ecological consequences of such variation can be established...

..Further studies, however, are needed to clarify the evolutionary benefits and population consequences of multiple central-place space-use in mobile animals...

..This genetic diversity probably stem from both its popularity as game fish and food resource which led to numerous stocking and an increasing propagule pressure and the reproductive strategy of the species...

..Verrucomicrobia OTUs were only found in the free-living assemblage. This study documents the presence of globally distributed phyla in Upper Paraná River and taxa unique to habitat and particle attachment...

..Yet, the interactions between microbial biodiversity and the molecular diversity of resource use are poorly understood...

..include recognition of important differences in the agricultural sources of N and P, the role of atmospheric N, attention to P sources downstream from reservoirs, and better control of both N and P in close proximity to large rivers.

..Survival of the pathogen was better in lake and puddle waters than in river or drinking trough waters. Further studies are needed to establish the key water quality factors that regulate pathogen survival...

..We applied a characterization of the colloidal iron carriers in peatland-draining rivers in North Scotland, using field-flow fractionation (FFF), in combination with end-member mixing experiments of ..

..However, our results show that in the absence of wetlands, substantial spatial variation of Hg bioaccumulation can arise in stream networks due to the influence of in-stream processes...

..These values can be used in future studies to estimate the sample sizes required to generate prevalence estimates with the required precision...

..Finally, based on an understanding of the ecological drivers of MeHg accumulation, we identify situations when anthropogenic effects and management practices could significantly exacerbate or ameliorate MeHg accumulation in stream fish...

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..We tested the generality of these findings by comparing largemouth bass Hg concentrations among unregulated rivers (n=6) and reservoirs (n=11) throughout the southern Coastal Plain geologic region...

..Practical implications of the results for predicting emigration routes, timings and magnitudes and use in management initiatives to promote escapement of A. anguilla silver eels to the sea are critically discussed...

..salar may be indirectly linked through variation in annual availability of pelagic fish larvae or other suitable food items in the early post-smolt phase...

..systematic, comprehensive study of organic chemical concentrations and physical and nutrient parameters in two rivers containing Ozark hellbender populations. Water samples were collected monthly from August 2003 to November 2004...

..The impact of IWWTP effluents on the receiving rivers (the Nanmen and Keya Rivers) was evaluated by measuring PFC levels in the surface waters of both rivers and the ..

..discharging sites, and 4 composite effluent samples were analyzed to reveal their occurrence and sources in urban rivers. Of the 45 river samples, androgens were the dominant steroids detected (total concentrations up to 480 ng/L), ..

..05), implying elevated levels likely result from landfill activity and might be useful biomonitors as river remediation proceeds...

..of the semiconductor and electronics industries on perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) contamination in receiving rivers. We have quantified ten PFCs, including perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFASs: PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS) and perfluoroalkyl ..

Transmission of viruses via surface water is a major public health concern. To determine the viral concentration in rivers of a densely-populated area in Germany, the virus adsorption elution (VIRADEL) method was optimized for downstream ..

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..This case study confirms the usefulness of small and natural WWTPs for tropical developing countries, even in urban and periurban areas...

..results indicate that flood hydrodynamics contribute to the variability in Hg vulnerability between Coastal Plain rivers and that comprehensive regional assessment of the relationship between flood hydrodynamics and Hg risk in Coastal ..

..Class boundaries for SPEAR(pesticides) according to EU Water Framework Directive are defined to contribute to the assessment of ecological status of water bodies...

..Nutrient management that places stronger emphasis on reducing nitrogen loading as compared to phosphorus loading, is justified...

..Low concentrations of antibiotics in the environment may select for resistant bacterial populations once they are concentrated in sediments or other locations...

..Overall, the results show that APEX was able to predict the effects of silvicultural practices with BMPs on water quantity and quality and that the model is a useful tool for simulating a variety of responses to forest conditions...

Identifying the sources of fecal contaminants in surface water bodies such as rivers and lakes is of significant importance for environmental quality, food safety and regulatory purposes...

..6. Climate change will likely have different impacts on different populations within this metapopulation, and recognizing this diversity is important for accurately assessing risks...

..and H. pylori from five North American rivers of different size and with different land use characteristics...

..The significance of the findings and possible mitigating influences are discussed in terms of the impacts on wild fish and the role of effluent treatment in reducing these...

European eels Anguilla anguilla from the rivers Thames and Test, in the south of England, were examined between 2000 and 2003 for infection with the swim-bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus...

..Therefore dilution was not the determinant factor of the 4-NP concentration in river water. The diurnal dynamics of the sewage treatment works (STWs) have to be considered as an influencing factor for the presence of 4-NP in river water...

..The method provides a semi-quantitative composite measurement of similar compounds in an antibiotic family without complex and expensive analytical equipment...

..Schistosomiasis japonica is a chronic helminthic infection contracted through contact with water infested with Schistosoma japonicum. The infection is associated with severe disease and is an important public health concern in Philippines...

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..At Site 5, which had both urban and agricultural influences all five of the TCs monitored were detected indicating both urban and agricultural influences. The concentration of TCs at Site 5 ranged from 0.08 to 0.30 microg/L...

..ecosystems has become one of the most intense areas of research as human demands for freshwater from streams and rivers increase worldwide...

..We propose to develop a new class of insecticide that is safe for ITN deployment, effective against current insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, and less likely to promote emergence of new resistant strains. ..

..We propose to develop a new class of insecticide that is safe for ITN deployment, effective against current insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, and less likely to promote emergence of new resistant strains. ..

..A major area of concern is the distribution and survival of pathogenic bacteria in lakes, rivers, streams, swimming pools, our water supply and soils...

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Fecal pollution of public waterways, rivers, and lakes is a global problem of increasing concern, however, little is known about the survival and persistence of biological contaminants in the surrounding terrestrial environments ..

..The wealth of information collected at EcoGene.org from all over the world about the life of E. coli, both friend and foe of man, should help in achieving this ..

..The wealth of information collected at EcoGene.org from all over the world about the life of E. coli, both friend and foe of man, should help in achieving this ..

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..Once the normal functions are better understood, the detrimental consequences of hearing loss on these central mechanisms can be examined and may lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches to communicative disorders. ..

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..This research will serve as a model for implementing and evaluating evidence based treatments with high-risk youth who gain the attention of the Juvenile Court but are traditionally underserved in the general community. ..

..The proposed experiments will elucidate how one such cortical feedback circuit affects the processing of incoming auditory information. ..

..The proposed experiments will elucidate how one such cortical feedback circuit affects the processing of incoming auditory information. ..

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..These experiments will ultimately generate insights for alternative stimulation strategies for the hard-of-hearing, and for cochlear implant users. ..

..These experiments will ultimately generate insights for alternative stimulation strategies for the hard-of-hearing, and for cochlear implant users. ..

..In these final studies I will test normal and neurological subjects and record brain activation using fMRI. ..

..As a natural inhabitant of oceans, estuaries, rivers, and lakes, V. cholerae is well adapted for survival in both fresh water and marine environments. V...