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| free radicalsSummarySummary: Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated. Top Publications
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The chemistry behind antioxidant capacity assaysDejian Huang
Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
J Agric Food Chem 53:1841-56. 2005..To comprehensively study different aspects of antioxidants, validated and specific assays are needed in addition to these two commonly accepted assays...- Free radicals in the physiological control of cell functionWulf Dröge
Division of Immunochemistry, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
Physiol Rev 82:47-95. 2002At high concentrations, free radicals and radical-derived, nonradical reactive species are hazardous for living organisms and damage all major cellular constituents... - Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancerM Valko
Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
Chem Biol Interact 160:1-40. 2006Oxygen-free radicals, more generally known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are well recognised for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species... - Three distinct mechanisms generate oxygen free radicals in neurons and contribute to cell death during anoxia and reoxygenationAndrey Y Abramov
Department of Physiology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
J Neurosci 27:1129-38. 2007..Inhibition of either the NADPH oxidase or XO was significantly neuroprotective. Thus, oxidative stress contributes to cell death over and above the injury attributable to energy deprivation... 
Iron accumulation in Alzheimer disease is a source of redox-generated free radicalsM A Smith
Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:9866-8. 1997Damage from free radicals has been demonstrated in susceptible neuronal populations in cases of Alzheimer disease...- Free radicals, antioxidants, and nutritionYun-Zhong Fang
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
Nutrition 18:872-9. 2002..b>Free radicals (e.g., superoxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals) and other reactive species (e.g... - Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: importance in human health and disease preventionD Bagchi
Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
Toxicology 148:187-97. 2000b>Free radicals have been implicated in over a hundred disease conditions in humans, including arthritis, hemorrhagic shock, atherosclerosis, advancing age, ischemia and reperfusion injury of many organs, Alzheimer and Parkinson's disease, .. - Free radical-induced damage to DNA: mechanisms and measurementMiral Dizdaroglu
Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 8311, USA
Free Radic Biol Med 32:1102-15. 2002b>Free radicals are produced in cells by cellular metabolism and by exogenous agents. These species react with biomolecules in cells, including DNA... - Effects of propolis on blood glucose, blood lipid and free radicals in rats with diabetes mellitusH U Fuliang
College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
Pharmacol Res 51:147-52. 2005..EEP) and water (WSD) extracts of propolis collected from north China on blood glucose, blood lipid and free radicals in rats with diabetes mellitus were studied... 
Cycling hypoxia and free radicals regulate angiogenesis and radiotherapy responseMark W Dewhirst
Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
Nat Rev Cancer 8:425-37. 2008Hypoxia and free radicals, such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, can alter the function and/or activity of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1)...- NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals are key oxidants in alcohol-induced liver diseaseH Kono
Laboratory of Hepatobiology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 7365, USA
J Clin Invest 106:867-72. 2000..are known to contribute to early alcohol-induced liver injury via oxidative stress, the exact source of free radicals has remained a mystery... - The role of free radicals in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophyJames G Tidball
Department of Physiological Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
J Appl Physiol 102:1677-86. 2007..likelihood that interactions between the primary genetic defect and disruptions in the normal production of free radicals contribute to the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophies... - Free radicals and antioxidants in primary fibromyalgia: an oxidative stress disorder?Selda Bagis
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Mersin University Medical School, Mersin, Turkey
Rheumatol Int 25:188-90. 2005The role of free radicals in fibromyalgia is controversial. In this study, 85 female patients with primary fibromyalgia and 80 age-, height-, and weight-matched healthy women were evaluated for oxidant/antioxidant balance... - Free radicals and antioxidants - quo vadis?Barry Halliwell
Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597
Trends Pharmacol Sci 32:125-30. 2011The field of free radicals and antioxidants, or 'redox biology', is fundamental to aerobic life. Aerobes constantly make reactive species, but modulate their actions by synthesizing antioxidants... - De novo lipogenesis protects cancer cells from free radicals and chemotherapeutics by promoting membrane lipid saturationEvelien Rysman
Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Endocrinology, K U Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Cancer Res 70:8117-26. 2010..These findings provide important new insights into the role of de novo lipogenesis in cancer cells, and they provide a rationale for the use of lipogenesis inhibitors as antineoplastic agents and as chemotherapeutic sensitizers... - Taking a "good" look at free radicals in the aging processSiegfried Hekimi
Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H3A 1B1
Trends Cell Biol 21:569-76. 2011..This could generate the observed correlation between aging and ROS without implying that ROS damage is the earliest trigger or main cause of aging... - Potential markers of oxidative stress in strokeAntonio Cherubini
Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia Medical School, Policlinico Monteluce Pad E, Via Brunamonti 51, 06122 Perugia, Italy
Free Radic Biol Med 39:841-52. 2005..Since direct measurement of free radicals and oxidized molecules in the brain is difficult in humans, several biological substances have been .. - The role of catechols and free radicals in benzene toxicity: an oxidative DNA damage pathwayGeorge Barreto
Instituto Cajal, CSIC E 28002 Madrid, Spain
Environ Mol Mutagen 50:771-80. 2009..In this review, we have addressed the cytotoxic effects of benzene and its main metabolite, catechol, focusing on the oxidative pathway and further DNA damage... - Tobacco smoke: involvement of reactive oxygen species and stable free radicals in mechanisms of oxidative damage, carcinogenesis and synergistic effects with other respirable particlesAthanasios Valavanidis
Department of Chemistry, Free Radical Research Group, University of Athens, University Campus Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
Int J Environ Res Public Health 6:445-62. 2009Tobacco smoke contains many toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals, as well as stable and unstable free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the particulate and the gas phase with the potential for biological oxidative .. - On the generation of free radical species from quantum dotsBinil Itty Ipe
Biologisch-Chemische Mikrostrukturtechnik, Fachbereich Chemie, , Otto-Hahn Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
Small 1:706-9. 2005 - Oxidative stress and antioxidants in exerciseC Leeuwenburgh
Center for Exercise Science, Aging Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Curr Med Chem 8:829-38. 2001..These include increased antioxidant defenses, reduced basal production of oxidants, and reduction of radical leak during oxidative phosphorylation... - Identification of free radicals on hemoglobin from its self-peroxidation using mass spectrometry and immuno-spin trapping: observation of a histidinyl radicalLeesa J Deterding
Laboratory of Structural Biology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
J Biol Chem 279:11600-7. 2004..To verify that DMPO adducts of the protein free radicals had been formed, the reaction mixtures were analyzed by flow injection electrospray ionization mass .. - Critical role of microglial NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals in the in vitro MPTP model of Parkinson's diseaseHui-Ming Gao
Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
FASEB J 17:1954-6. 2003..This study also suggests that NADPH oxidase may be a promising target for therapeutic interventions in Parkinson's disease... - The role of free radicals in cerebral hypoxia and ischemiaJ Rodrigo
Department of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
Free Radic Biol Med 39:26-50. 2005..Unfortunately, in many cases this response becomes excessive and it triggers a cascade of free-radical reactions, leading to modifications of cerebral plasticity and overt injury... - Free radicals and agingGustavo Barja
Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain
Trends Neurosci 27:595-600. 2004..Furthermore, caloric restriction, which decreases the rate of aging, proportionately decreases mitochondrial oxygen radical generation, especially at complex I. These findings are reviewed, highlighting the results obtained in the brain... - Free radicals, mitochondria, and hypoxia-ischemia in the developing brainKlas Blomgren
Arvid Carlsson Institute, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg University, Sweden
Free Radic Biol Med 40:388-97. 2006..of its poorly developed scavenging systems and high availability of iron for the catalytic formation of free radicals. Neurons are more vulnerable to free radical damage than glial cells, but oligodendrocyte progenitors and .. - Oxidative damage caused by free radicals produced during catecholamine autoxidation: protective effects of O-methylation and melatoninJ W Miller
Vitamin Bioavailability Laboratory, Jean Mayer, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, USA
Free Radic Biol Med 21:241-9. 1996..and (2) melatonin, which has recently been shown to be a powerful antioxidant, is capable of scavenging free radicals produced during catecholamine autoxidation... - Free radicals as triggers of brain edema formation after strokeJi Hoe Heo
Department of Neurology, National Core Research Center for Nanomedical Technology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Seoul
Free Radic Biol Med 39:51-70. 2005..b>Free radicals exert their deleterious actions during both cytotoxic and vasogenic edema... - Matrix metalloproteinases and free radicals in cerebral ischemiaK Jian Liu
College of Pharmacy, Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, 87131, USA
Free Radic Biol Med 39:71-80. 2005..The proteases and free radicals involved are important, both individually and in concert, at each of the steps in the injury cascade... - Free radicals and exercise: an introductionLester Packer
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
Free Radic Biol Med 44:123-5. 2008 - Free radicals in biology and medicine: from inflammation to biotechnologyOkezie I Aruoma
Faculty of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London, UK
Biofactors 27:1-3. 2006 - Studies on free radicals, antioxidants, and co-factorsKhalid Rahman
School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, England, UK
Clin Interv Aging 2:219-36. 2007The interplay between free radicals, antioxidants, and co-factors is important in maintaining health, aging and age-related diseases... - Radiation activates HIF-1 to regulate vascular radiosensitivity in tumors: role of reoxygenation, free radicals, and stress granulesBenjamin J Moeller
Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Cancer Cell 5:429-41. 2004..These data describe novel pathways contributing significantly to our understanding of HIF-1 regulation which may be major determinants of tumor radiosensitivity, potentially having high clinical relevance... - Signaling functions of free radicals superoxide & nitric oxide under physiological & pathological conditionsIgor B Afanas'ev
Vitamin Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Mol Biotechnol 37:2-4. 2007Superoxide and nitric oxide are ubiquitous physiological free radicals that are responsible for many pathological disorders... - PLA2 mediated arachidonate free radicals: PLA2 inhibition and neutralization of free radicals by anti-oxidants--a new role as anti-inflammatory moleculeB L Nanda
Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, India
Curr Top Med Chem 7:765-77. 2007..Thus PLA2 catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the production of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and free radicals. These peroxides and reactive oxygen species in turn activates PLA2 enzyme and further attenuates the .. - What an andrologist/urologist should know about free radicals and whyAshok Agarwal
Center for Advanced Research in Human Reproduction, Infertility, and Sexual Function, Glickman Urological Institute, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
Urology 67:2-8. 2006 - Membrane "lens" effect: focusing the formation of reactive nitrogen oxides from the *NO/O2 reactionMatías N Möller
Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
Chem Res Toxicol 20:709-14. 2007.... - In vivo detection of free radicals induced by diethylnitrosamine in rat liver tissueKen-ichi Yamada
Department of Bio-function Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
Free Radic Biol Med 40:2040-6. 2006..The aim of this study was to use in vivo spin trapping and spin probe techniques to investigate whether free radicals are generated in rat liver tissue during DEN activation... - Reaction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis truncated hemoglobin O with hydrogen peroxide: evidence for peroxidatic activity and formation of protein-based radicalsHugues Ouellet
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Laval University, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
J Biol Chem 282:7491-503. 2007..These findings suggest an oxidation/reduction function for trHbO and, by analogy, for other Group II trHbs... - Alzheimer disease and the role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of the diseasePaula I Moreira
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004 517 Coimbra, Portugal
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 7:3-10. 2008..However, during the progression of the disease, the antioxidant activity of both agents is either overwhelmed or, according to others, evolves into pro-oxidant activity resulting in the exacerbation of reactive species production... - Side chain chemistry mediates backbone fragmentation in hydrogen deficient peptide radicalsQingyu Sun
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
J Proteome Res 8:958-66. 2009.... - Bacillus subtilis class Ib ribonucleotide reductase is a dimanganese(III)-tyrosyl radical enzymeYan Zhang
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
Biochemistry 50:5615-23. 2011..5 Y(•)/β(2) and an activity of 318-363 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) (normalized for 1 Y(•)/β(2)). These data strongly suggest that the B. subtilis class Ib RNR is a Mn(III)(2)-Y(•) enzyme... - Oxygen free radicals and contrast nephropathyR E Katholi
Prairie Education Research Cooperative, Springfield, IL, USA
Am J Kidney Dis 32:64-71. 1998..To test the hypothesis that oxygen free radicals (produced during intrarenal adenosine catabolism to xanthine) should be implicated in the pathogenesis of .. - Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancerS S Hecht
University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis 55455, USA
J Natl Cancer Inst 91:1194-210. 1999..also discussed, as are inhalation studies of tobacco smoke in laboratory animals and the potential role of free radicals and oxidative damage in tobacco-associated carcinogenesis... - Tyrosyl radicals in proteins: a comparison of empirical and density functional calculated EPR parametersDimitri A Svistunenko
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Essex, Colchester, UK
Phys Chem Chem Phys 11:6600-13. 2009..Therefore, it is suggested that a full correlation between the calculated and the algorithm-derived empirical EPR parameters might be achieved when water molecules are included in the calculation model... - The impact of oxygen availability on stress survival and radical formation of Bacillus cereusMaarten Mols
Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Int J Food Microbiol 135:303-11. 2009..cereus, in food industry related conditions is investigated, because oxygen availability may affect the efficiency of food preservation conditions... - Free radicals generated by contracting muscle: by-products of metabolism or key regulators of muscle function?Malcolm J Jackson
Division of Metabolic and Cellular Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
Free Radic Biol Med 44:132-41. 2008.... - Analysis of acid-stressed Bacillus cereus reveals a major oxidative response and inactivation-associated radical formationMaarten Mols
Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Environ Microbiol 12:873-85. 2010..cereus strains in bactericidal conditions only. Our study shows that radicals can indicate acid-induced malfunctioning of cellular processes that lead to cell death... - An active dimanganese(III)-tyrosyl radical cofactor in Escherichia coli class Ib ribonucleotide reductaseJoseph A Cotruvo
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
Biochemistry 49:1297-309. 2010..We propose that NrdI is an essential player in E. coli class Ib RNR cluster assembly and that the Mn(III)(2)-Y* cofactor, not the diferric-Y* one, is the active metallocofactor in vivo... - Free radicals: their beneficial and detrimental effects on sperm functionShiva Kothari
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk A19 1, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
Indian J Exp Biol 48:425-35. 2010b>Free radicals are molecules with one or more unpaired electron(s) commonly found in seminal plasma. Physiologically, free radicals control sperm maturation, capacitation and hyperactivation, the acrosome reaction, and sperm-oocyte fusion... - Metals, toxicity and oxidative stressM Valko
Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
Curr Med Chem 12:1161-208. 2005..Metal-mediated formation of free radicals causes various modifications to DNA bases, enhanced lipid peroxidation, and altered calcium and sulfhydryl .. - Effects of amelioration of total flavonoids from stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on cognitive deficits, neuronal damage and free radicals disorder induced by cerebral ischemia in ratsYa Zhen Shang
Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, China
Biol Pharm Bull 29:805-10. 2006..The present study examined whether TFSS can improve memory dysfunction, neuronal damage, and abnormal free radicals induced by permanent cerebral ischemia in rats... - Chapter 9: Oxidative stress in malignant progression: The role of Clusterin, a sensitive cellular biosensor of free radicalsIoannis P Trougakos
Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15784, Greece
Adv Cancer Res 104:171-210. 2009..This review focuses on CLU regulation by oxidative injury that is the common molecular link of most, if not all, pathological conditions where CLU has been functionally implicated... - Examples of high-frequency EPR studies in bioinorganic chemistryK Kristoffer Andersson
Department of Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, PO Box 1041, 0316, Oslo, Norway
J Biol Inorg Chem 8:235-47. 2003..GHz and magnetic fields up to 12 T has been used to study metal sites in proteins or inorganic complexes and free radicals. The high-field EPR method was used to resolve g-value anisotropy by separating it from overlapping hyperfine .. - Free radicals in Parkinson's diseaseE Koutsilieri
Clinical Neurochemistry and NPF Center of Excellence Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Julius Maximilians University, Fuechsleinstr 15, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
J Neurol 249:II1-5. 2002..toxin-induced neurodegeneration can be blocked by antioxidants, and 5) Activated microglia, known to release free radicals and inflammatory cytokines, are present in brains of Parkinsonian patients... - Oxalate and calcium oxalate mediated free radical toxicity in renal epithelial cells: effect of antioxidantsSivagnanam Thamilselvan
Department of Urology 2D, Vattikuti Urology Institute and Henry Ford Health Sciences Center, One Ford Place, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
Urol Res 31:3-9. 2003..Antioxidant administration may prevent calcium oxalate nucleation and retention in the renal tubules by preventing oxalate mediated peroxidative injury... - beta-amyloid protein enhances macrophage production of oxygen free radicals and glutamateA Klegeris
Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
J Neurosci Res 49:229-35. 1997..Such mechanisms could contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease... - Role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of acute chest syndrome in sickle cell diseaseE S Klings
The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
Respir Res 2:280-5. 2001..The present review summarizes the evidence for alterations in oxidant stress during ACS of SCD, and the potential contributions of RBCs, WBCs and the vascular endothelium to this process... - Sensitivity of tyrosyl radical g-values to changes in protein structure: a high-field EPR study of mutants of ribonucleotide reductaseS Un
, , CNRS URA2096, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
J Am Chem Soc 123:3048-54. 2001..Using existing tyrosyl radical g-tensor measurements, we have developed a simple effective charge model that allows us to rationalize the effect of the local electrostatic environments in a number of proteins... - Microsomal metabolism of ciprofloxacin generates free radicalsA Gürbay
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Free Radic Biol Med 30:1118-21. 2001..The generation of 4-POBN/radical adduct is dependent on the presence of NADPH, CPFX, and active microsomes. Furthermore, free radical production is completely inhibited by SKF 525A, Trolox, or ZnCl2... - The tandem of free radicals and methylglyoxalMiklos Peter Kalapos
Theoretical Biology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
Chem Biol Interact 171:251-71. 2008..Recently, the attention has been focused on the involvement of free radicals in methylglyoxal toxicity... - Delayed production of free radicals following noise exposureDaisuke Yamashita
Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Brain Res 1019:201-9. 2004..slowly progressing apoptotic or necrosis pathways, an alternate hypothesis is that a continued formation of free radicals contributes to cell death... - Enhanced neuronal damage by co-administration of quinolinic acid and free radicals, and protection by adenosine A2A receptor antagonistsW M H Behan
Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
Br J Pharmacol 135:1435-42. 2002..therefore attempted to determine whether its neurotoxicity can be increased by the simultaneous presence of free radicals. 2... - The role of free radicals and p53 in neuron apoptosis in vivoK A Wood
Biochemistry Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 1414, USA
J Neurosci 15:5851-7. 1995..Ablation of neuron progenitor cells with genotoxic agents may occur by p53-dependent apoptosis or by p53-independent mechanisms not associated with DNA fragmentation... - Free radicals, chemokines, and cell injury in HIV-1 and SIV infections and alcoholic hepatitisA P Bautista
Department of Physiology and NIAAA Sponsored Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
Free Radic Biol Med 31:1527-32. 2001.... - Free radicals contribute to the reduction in peripheral vascular responses and the maintenance of thermal hyperalgesia in rats with chronic constriction injuryZ Khalil
National Ageing Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Pain 79:31-7. 1999..In the present study we examined the role of free radicals in modulating the neurogenic vascular response and thermal hyperalgesia in rats with CCI of the sciatic nerve... - Differential vulnerability of basal and apical hair cells is based on intrinsic susceptibility to free radicalsS H Sha
Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, MI 48109-0506, USA
Hear Res 155:1-8. 2001..The results support an intrinsic susceptibility to free radicals that differs among cochlear cell populations... - Neuroinflammation and both cytotoxic and vasogenic edema are reduced in interleukin-1 type 1 receptor-deficient mice conferring neuroprotectionJelena Lazovic
Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
Stroke 36:2226-31. 2005.... - Scavenging free radicals by low-dose carvedilol prevents redox-dependent Ca2+ leak via stabilization of ryanodine receptor in heart failureMamoru Mochizuki
Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Division of Cardiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
J Am Coll Cardiol 49:1722-32. 2007..We investigated whether defective intracellular Ca2+ handling is corrected by carvedilol in heart failure... - Synoviocytes, not chondrocytes, release free radicals after cycles of anoxia/re-oxygenationNicole Schneider
Department of Clinical Sciences, Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, B41, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 334:669-73. 2005..investigated the effects of repeated anoxia/re-oxygenation (A/R) periods on the respiration and production of free radicals by synoviocytes (rabbit HIG-82 cell line and primary equine synoviocytes) and equine articular chondrocytes... - Possible role of free radicals in theophylline-induced seizures in miceKavita Gulati
Department of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, P.O. Box: 2101, Delhi-110 007, India
Pharmacol Biochem Behav 82:241-5. 2005..b>Free radicals have considerable neurotoxic potential and the present study evaluated the possible involvement of these .. - Measurements of UV-generated free radicals/reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skinTh Herrling
FOM Institute, University of Applied Science and Technology TFH Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 63:840-5. 2006b>Free radicals/reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in skin by UV irradiation were measured by electron spin resonance (ESR)... - Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) quenches free radicals and attenuates age-related cognitive decline: opportunities for novel drug development in agingEdward D Levin
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Box 3412, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Curr Alzheimer Res 2:191-6. 2005..Novel EC-SOD mimetics may be useful in attenuating aging-induced cognitive impairments and other aspects of physiological decline with aging... - Oxidative stress levels are raised in chronic fatigue syndrome and are associated with clinical symptomsGwen Kennedy
Vascular Diseases Research Unit, The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
Free Radic Biol Med 39:584-9. 2005..002; postexertional malaise P=0.027, Pearson). This is the first time that raised levels of the gold standard measure of in vivo oxidative stress (isoprostanes) and their association with CFS symptoms have been reported... - Free radicals, antioxidants and eye diseases: evidence from epidemiological studies on cataract and age-related macular degenerationA E Fletcher
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
Ophthalmic Res 44:191-8. 2010..Most epidemiological studies have been conducted in well-nourished western populations but evidence is now emerging from other populations with different dietary patterns and antioxidant levels... - Interaction between carotenoids and free radicals in human skinJ Lademann
Department of Dermatology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology CCP, Berlin, Germany
Skin Pharmacol Physiol 24:238-44. 2011..air pollutants, radiation of the sun and stress factors such as illness, smoking, or alcohol abuse produce free radicals in the human tissue as well as in the skin. Free radicals serve as the main cause for premature skin aging... - Scavenging capacity of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) leaves on free radicalsIvo Oliveira
CIMO Escola Superior Agraria, Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus Sta Apolónia, Apartado 1 172, 5301 855 Braganca, Portugal
Food Chem Toxicol 47:1507-11. 2009..The results indicated that A. unedo leaves are a potential source of natural antioxidants... - Calcium, free radicals and excitotoxins in neuronal apoptosisS A Lipton
CNS Research Institute, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Cell Calcium 23:165-71. 1998..In collaboration, our two research laboratories have been defining excitotoxic signals that lead to apoptosis versus necrosis via, among other pathways, Ca2+ signaling mechanisms; this is the subject of this brief review... - Is caffeine a good scavenger of oxygenated free radicals?Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Col Vicentina, México
J Phys Chem B 115:4538-46. 2011..RAF has been identified as the main mechanism involved in the direct ROS scavenging activity of CAF. The excellent agreement with the available experimental data supports the reliability of the present calculations... - Corticosteroids affect nitric oxide generation, total free radicals production, and nitric oxide synthase activity in monocytes of asthmatic patientsKrishan Lal Khanduja
Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
Mol Cell Biochem 346:31-7. 2011..Corticosteroids controlled asthma appears to have association with NOS, NO(•), and TFRA in systemic monocytes of the patients... - Blue light induces radical formation and autophosphorylation in the light-sensitive domain of Chlamydomonas cryptochromeDominik Immeln
Institute of Neurosciences and Biophysics 2, Molecular Biophysics, Research Center Julich, Julich, Germany
J Biol Chem 282:21720-8. 2007..This finding indicates that the extension is dispensable for autophosphorylation, despite the role it has been assigned in mediating signal transduction in Arabidopsis... - The role of melanin as protector against free radicals in skin and its role as free radical indicator in hairThomas Herrling
Department of Medical Physics, University of Applied Sciences TFH Berlin, Luxemburger Strasse 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 69:1429-35. 2008..Additional extrinsic free radicals are reversibly photo-generated by UV and visible light... - The role of free radicals in sepsis developmentMichael Everton Andrades
Programa de Pos Graduacao em Bioquimica, Departamento de Bioquimica, UFRGS, Brazil
Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 1:277-87. 2009..In this review, it will be summarized the role of free radicals in the onset, progression and outcome of sepsis, as well as its participation in organ failure and .. - Oxygen free radicals: effects in the newborn periodLisa Baba
Department of Nursing, Phoenix College, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Adv Neonatal Care 8:256-64. 2008..antioxidant systems as well as taken advantage of dietary exogenous antioxidants to process and detoxify free radicals appropriately... - Timing differences of signaling response in neuron cultures activated by glutamate analogue or free radicalsNadia Boutahar
Faculte de Medecine, Laboratoire de Neurobiochimie, Saint Etienne Cedex2, France
Brain Res 1191:20-9. 2008..The timing differences of the action of these neurotoxins may explain why the presence of both compounds is needed to induce neuronal death... - Corneal endothelial cell damage by free radicals associated with ultrasound oscillationNao Murano
Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
Arch Ophthalmol 126:816-21. 2008To determine whether ultrasound oscillations in the anterior chamber cause corneal endothelial injury by free radicals. - Free radicals and antioxidants in inflammatory processes and ischemia-reperfusion injuryPeter Vajdovich
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinics, Szent Istvan University, H 1078, Istvan u 2, P O Box 1400, Budapest, Hungary
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 38:31-123, v. 2008This article discusses the current understanding of the role of free radicals and antioxidants in inflammatory processes and in ischemia reperfusion injury... - Increases in free radicals and cytoskeletal protein oxidation and nitration in the colon of patients with inflammatory bowel diseaseA Keshavarzian
Department of Internal Medicine Division of Digestive Diseases, Pharmacology, and Molecular Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Gut 52:720-8. 2003..Our recent findings using monolayers of intestinal cells suggest that the mechanism could be oxidant induced damage to cytoskeletal proteins. However, oxidants and oxidative damage have not been well characterised in IBD mucosa... - In vitro effects of very low levels of aflatoxin B₁ on free radicals production and bactericidal activity of bovine blood neutrophilsJ Mehrzad
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Vet Immunol Immunopathol 141:16-25. 2011..of AFB₁ on the phagocytosis and non-phagocytosis dependent luminol, representative of mainly intracellular free radicals, and isoluminol, representative of mainly extracellular free radicals, chemiluminescence (CL), necrosis and .. - Caloric restriction augments ROS defense in S. cerevisiae, by a Sir2p independent mechanismShruti Agarwal
Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, and Research Sector 67, S A S Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
Free Radic Res 39:55-62. 2005..No marked difference was found in CR mediated activation of SOD and catalase in the absence of Sir2. Our results suggest that in CR scavenging enzymes are activated by a Sir2 independent manner... - Protective effect of nitronyl nitroxide-amino acid conjugates on liver ischemia-reperfusion induced injury in ratsWei Bi
Department of Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China
Bioorg Med Chem Lett 18:1788-94. 2008..Because NNR reduced hepatic I/R injury by minimizing oxidative stress, it might be possible to develop it into a possible therapeutic agent for hepatic I/R injury... - Oxidative damage in the kidney induced by 900-MHz-emitted mobile phone: protection by melatoninFaruk Oktem
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
Arch Med Res 36:350-5. 2005..CONCLUSIONS: These results show that melatonin may exhibit a protective effect on mobile phone-induced renal impairment in rats... - Curcumin induces glutathione biosynthesis and inhibits NF-kappaB activation and interleukin-8 release in alveolar epithelial cells: mechanism of free radical scavenging activitySaibal K Biswas
Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Biomedical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Edinburgh, UK
Antioxid Redox Signal 7:32-41. 2005..This suggests that curcumin has multiple properties: as an oxygen radical scavenger, antioxidant through modulation of glutathione levels, and antiinflammatory agent through inhibition of IL-8 release in lung cells... - Vitamin C-induced loss of redox-dependent viability in lung microvascular endothelial cellsSaradhadevi Varadharaj
Lipid Signaling and Lipomics Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1252, USA
Antioxid Redox Signal 7:287-300. 2005..These results, for the first time in detail, established that vitamin C at pharmacological doses induced oxidative stress and loss of redox-dependent cell viability in microvascular ECs... - [Stress oxidative in schizophrenia]Aneta Tylec
Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Pol Merkur Lekarski 23:74-7. 2007..There is damaged metabolism of biological membranes, abused production of free radicals and altered activity of antioxidant enzymes in patients with schizophrenia... - Clotrimazole inhibits hemoperoxidase of Plasmodium falciparum and induces oxidative stress. Proposed antimalarial mechanism of clotrimazoleVishal Trivedi
Molecular and Structural Biology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Chatter Manzil Palace, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
J Biol Chem 280:41129-36. 2005..The results described herein indicate that the antimalarial activity of clotrimazole might be due to the inhibition of hemoperoxidase and subsequent development of oxidative stress in P. falciparum... - Differential effects of cysteine and methionine residues in the antioxidant activity of human serum albuminEmmanuel Bourdon
, , , 7, blvd Jeanne d'Arc, BP 87900 21079, Dijon, France
Free Radic Res 39:15-20. 2005..Although other amino acid residues are likely to be involved in anti-/prooxidant properties of HSA, from our data, we propose that Cys chiefly works as a free radical scavenger whereas Met mainly acts as a metal chelator... - Oxidative stress and liver diseaseCraig Webb
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 1678, USA
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 38:125-35, v. 2008.... - Oxidative status in rheumatoid arthritisYesim Ozkan
Department of Biochemistry, Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Etiler Ankara, Turkey
Clin Rheumatol 26:64-8. 2007..These results give further support to the concept of oxygen free radicals playing a role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disorders, but we also consider that there is a .. - Mitochondria superoxide dismutase mimetic inhibits peroxide-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis: role of mitochondrial superoxideAnuradha Dhanasekaran
Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
Free Radic Biol Med 39:567-83. 2005..We conclude that selective uptake of Mito-CP into the mitochondria is responsible for inhibiting peroxide-mediated Tf-Fe uptake and apoptosis and restoration of the proteasomal function... - The effect of seasonality on oxidative metabolism in Nacella (Patinigera) magellanicaGabriela Malanga
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas CADIC CONICET c c 92 9410 Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 146:551-8. 2007..Together, the data indicate that both oxygen and nitrogen radical generation rates in N. (P.) magellanica are strongly dependent on season...
Research Grants
- Charge Transfer Reactions of the Cytochrome bc1 ComplexCOLIN WRAIGHT; Fiscal Year: 2007..respiratory and photosynthetic electron transport chains, but is also implicated in the production of damaging free radicals and reactive oxygen species relevant to pathogenesis and aging...
- OXIDANT HEPATIC INJURY IN CHOLESTASISRonald Sokol; Fiscal Year: 1993..To determine if toxic bile acids stimulate generation of free radicals and subsequent liver injury, lipid peroxidation as a marker of free radical injury (analyzed by four different ..
- OXIDANT HEPATIC INJURY IN CHOLESTASISRonald Sokol; Fiscal Year: 2000..To determine if toxic bile acids stimulate generation of free radicals and subsequent liver injury, lipid peroxidation as a marker of free radical injury (analyzed by four different ..
- ROLE OF SIRTUIN IN CIGARETTE SMOKE-INDUCED LUNG INFLAMMATION AND INJURYIrfan Rahman; Fiscal Year: 2010..in lung function) and chronic inflammation of the lungs due to inhaled cigarette smoke-derived oxidants and free radicals which are implicated in aging, senescence, cancer and inflammatory processes...
- MECHANISM/S OF ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER GRAFT FAILUREJohn Lemasters; Fiscal Year: 2000..cycle of NIAAA support: namely, that fatty livers from alcohol-treated rat produce SOD/catalase- insensitive free radicals in the early minutes following transplantation and that white cell adhesion also occurs very early and to a ..
- ENDOGENOUS MODULATION OF COCHLEA INJURYLeonard Rybak; Fiscal Year: 2006..It generates super oxide and other free radicals that can activate downstream effectors in the apoptotic pathway, leading to hair cell death and hearing loss...
- Matrix Metalloproteinases and the Blood-Brain BarrierGary Rosenberg; Fiscal Year: 2006..They are secreted as latent enzymes, which are activated by proteases and free radicals and inhibited by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)...
- Glutathione reductase and tumor sensitivity to radiationXiangming Guan; Fiscal Year: 2003..GSH increases cancer resistance to radiation by terminating free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated by radiation to destroy cancer cells...
- OXIDATION OF MACROMOLECULES IN SPINAL CORD INJURYDanxia Liu; Fiscal Year: 2001The long term objective of this project is to reveal mechanisms whereby free radicals damage neurons following spinal cord injury - a major health care issue...
- SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF ENZYME/SUBSTRATE COMPLEXESGeorge Reed; Fiscal Year: 2007..are to explore the catalytic mechanisms of enzymic reactions in which the exceptional reactivity of organic free radicals are employed. Reactions of free radicals are of fundamental importance in biology...
- Microxymetry Techniques for Cardiomocyte RespirationGovindasamy Ilangovan; Fiscal Year: 2005..assume importance in pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease because large quantities of oxygen free radicals are generated during ischemia/reperfusion, and the produced free radicals impair the heart function...
- Charge Transfer Reactions of the Cytochrome bc1 ComplexCOLIN WRAIGHT; Fiscal Year: 2009..respiratory and photosynthetic electron transport chains, but is also implicated in the production of damaging free radicals and reactive oxygen species relevant to pathogenesis and aging...
- Charge Transfer Reactions of the Cytochrome bc1 ComplexColin A Wraight; Fiscal Year: 2010..respiratory and photosynthetic electron transport chains, but is also implicated in the production of damaging free radicals and reactive oxygen species relevant to pathogenesis and aging...
- ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT INDUCED PHENOMENA IN BIOMEMBRANESIRENE KOCHEVAR; Fiscal Year: 1999..The specific aims of this proposal are: Specific Aim 1: To produce, separately, singlet oxygen (1O2*) and free radicals from the same photosensitizer molecules in the plasma membrane...
- HOW DO ENZYMES GENERATE AND CONTROL FREE RADICALSE Marsh; Fiscal Year: 2003..The intention is to replace this award with an expanded research program funded by an R01 award. Free radicals are generally perceived as highly reactive species that are harmful to the cell...
- Hypoxia and free radicals in alcoholic pancreatitisGavin Arteel; Fiscal Year: 2005..Next, the hypothesis that free radicals play a causative role in chronic alcoholic pancreatitis will be tested...
- INOS/REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHYMaria Grant; Fiscal Year: 2005..and early on in diabetic vessels, free radical scavenging systems eliminate glucose-induced, oxygen-derived free radicals. However, if antioxidant defense systems fail, oxygen-derived free radicals combine with NO to form the toxic ..