zinc

Although the essentiality of zinc for plants and animals has been known for many decades, the essentiality of zinc for humans was recognized only 40 years ago in the Middle East...

..Abnormal exchange of cortical zinc may link amyloid pathology with neuronal iron accumulation in AD.

..In the last few years, many new zinc beta-lactamases have been described and several pathogens are now known to synthesize members of this class...

Intracellular zinc is thought to be available in a cytosolic pool of free or loosely bound Zn(II) ions in the micromolar to picomolar range...

..The speed of recovery of the animals underscores the acutely reversible nature of the cognitive deficits associated with transgenic models of AD...

The past few years have witnessed dramatic progress on all frontiers of zinc neurobiology...

Research advances defining how zinc is transported into and out of cells and organelles have increased exponentially within the past five years...

..There is considerable evidence showing that zinc, as an essential element that is highly concentrated in brain, is linked to the development or progression of these ..

b>Zinc is known to be indispensable to growth and development and transmission of the genetic message. It does this through a remarkable mosaic of zinc binding motifs that orchestrate all aspects of metabolism...

..The results also reveal a direct chemical basis for oxidative damage caused by amyloid-beta protein in AD...

b>Zinc ions are essential for the formation of hexameric insulin and hormone crystallization...

b>Zinc finger proteins are among the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic genomes...

..postsynapses and comparing this to shRNA-mediated knockdown, we could demonstrate that only the overexpression of zinc-sensitive ProSAP1/Shank2 or ProSAP2/Shank3 leads to increased synapse density, although all of them cause a ..

b>Zinc is an essential trace element required for enzymatic activity and for maintaining the conformation of many transcription factors; thus, zinc homeostasis is tightly regulated...

b>Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient required for cell growth, differentiation, and survival, and its deficiency causes growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and other health problems...

b>Zinc supplementation trials carried out among children have produced variable results, depending on the specific outcomes considered and the initial characteristics of the children who were enrolled...

..factor in Alzheimer's disease etiology is enrichment of Zn(2+) in aggregates, and there are data suggesting that zinc promotes aggregation, how Zn(2+)-Abeta coordination promotes aggregation is elusive...

Maintaining intracellular zinc levels is critical, because zinc serves as a cofactor for many required enzymes and is toxic in excess...

The trace element zinc is required for proper functioning of a large number of proteins, including various enzymes. However, most zinc-containing proteins are transcription factors capable of binding DNA and are named zinc finger proteins...

..Our results describe a unique role for synaptic Zn(2+) acting as the physiological ligand of a metabotropic receptor and provide a novel pathway by which synaptic Zn(2+) can regulate neuronal function...

..This high-affinity transport was energized by ATP. The genes were named znuACB (for zinc uptake; former name yebLMI) and localized at 42 min on the genetic map of E. coli...

..of a robust method to profile and compare the transcriptomes of two nonmodel plant species, Thlaspi caerulescens, a zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulator, and Thlaspi arvense, a nonhyperaccumulator, using Affymetrix Arabidopsis thaliana ATH1-..

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two separate systems for zinc uptake. One system has high affinity for substrate and is induced in zinc-deficient cells...

b>Zinc is a trace element that is essential for innate and adaptive immune responses. In addition to being a structural element of many proteins, zinc also functions as a neurotransmitter and an intracellular messenger...

..The zinc-binding 8-OH-quinoline clioquinol markedly reduced AbetaO synaptic targeting, which was also reduced in brain ..

Compared to several other metal ions with similar chemical properties, zinc is relatively harmless. Only exposure to high doses has toxic effects, making acute zinc intoxication a rare event...

..In a Drosophila disease model lacking Parkin (park(25) null mutant), we tested the effect of zinc supplementation. Zinc is an essential trace metal and a component of many enzymes and transcriptional regulators...

The ZIP5 gene encodes a protein closely related to ZIP4, a zinc transporter mutated in the human genetic disorder acrodermatitis enteropathica...

..A. halleri naturally accumulates and tolerates leaf concentrations as high as 2.2% zinc and 0.28% cadmium in dry biomass. On the basis of transcriptomics studies, metal hyperaccumulation in A...

..Although it is not yet clear which purinergic receptor subtype(s) is responsible for these effects on LTP, the data presented here suggest that P2X₄ but not P2X₇ is involved...

b>Zinc (Zn) is an essential heavy metal that is incorporated into a number of human Zn metalloproteins. Zn plays important roles in nucleic acid metabolism, cell replication, and tissue repair and growth...

..1) with zinc acetate concentrations of 1 mM and 100 mM, respectively...

The human ZIP4 gene (SLC39A4) is a candidate for the genetic disorder of zinc metabolism acrodermatitis enteropathica. To understand its role in zinc homeostasis, we examined the function and expression of mouse ZIP4...

..bovis BCG attenuation. Another T7SS, ESX-3, has been previously shown to be transcriptionally controlled by the zinc uptake repressor (Zur) and by the iron-dependent transcriptional repressor (IdeR), suggesting that it might be ..

b>Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient and its deficiency causes immunodeficiency. However, it remains unknown how Zn homeostasis is regulated in mast cells and if Zn transporters are involved in allergic reactions...

b>Zinc is essential for cell proliferation, differentiation, and viability. When zinc becomes limited for cultured cells, DNA synthesis ceases and the cell cycle is arrested...

There is mounting evidence suggesting a link between serum zinc levels and clinical depression...

Using a standard plaque assay and clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus (HSV), we have tested the ability of zinc salts to inactivate HSV...

b>Zinc ion homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled primarily through the transcriptional regulation of zinc uptake systems in response to intracellular zinc levels...

..Most deaths occur during infancy and in developing countries. Daily regimens of zinc have been reported to prevent acute lower respiratory tract infection and diarrhoea, and to reduce child mortality...

..b>Zinc has also been implicated in testicular development, sperm maturation and testosterone synthesis...

Here, we report the first investigation of a novel member of the LZT (LIV-1 subfamily of ZIP zinc Transporters) subfamily of zinc influx transporters...

The effects of zinc, the N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor inhibitor, were studied in mice and rats using the forced swim test...

..Here we developed a technique to directly assess exocytosis by measuring vesicular zinc release with the zinc-sensitive dye FluoZin-3 at the hippocampal mossy fibre (MF) synapse...

Over the past 30 years, many researchers have demonstrated the critical role of zinc (Zn), a group IIb metal, in diverse physiological processes, such as growth and development, maintenance and priming of the immune system, and tissue ..

b>Zinc accumulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurs through either of two uptake systems. A high affinity system is active in zinc-limited cells, and the ZRT1 gene encodes the transporter protein of this system...

..These results demonstrate that calprotectin is a critical factor in the innate immune response to infection and define metal chelation as a strategy for inhibiting microbial growth inside abscessed tissue...

..deletion of its prototypic neurotrophin ligands led us to hypothesize that a non-neurotrophin, the divalent cation zinc, can transactivate TrkB...

..Zn2+, which is found in high concentrations in the PSD, binds tightly to Shank3 and may regulate assembly. Sheets of the Shank protein could form a platform for the construction of the PSD complex...

..goesingense play a role in both Zn tolerance and enhanced Zn uptake and accumulation, via the activation of a systemic Zn deficiency response...

..Likewise, zinc undernutrition or deficiency was shown to impair cellular mediators of innate immunity such as phagocytosis, ..

In spite of the paramount importance of zinc in biology, dynamic aspects of cellular zinc metabolism remain poorly defined at the molecular level...

Increased intracellular free zinc concentrations are associated with activation of several stress signaling pathways, specific organelle injury and final cell death...

..b>Zinc is an essential micronutrient that is toxic at excess concentrations and is detoxified via a vacuolar Zn(2+)/H(+)-..

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..These reactions may play a deleterious role in the disease state, because high concentrations of iron, copper, and zinc have been located in amyloid in diseased brains...

..The MRI signal of the intrinsic (19)F is hardly detectable. A novel design strategy for (19)F MRI probes in detecting protease activity is described...

b>Zinc is necessary for central nervous system development, and maternal zinc status has been associated with developmental differences in offspring.

The physiological role of vesicular zinc at central glutamatergic synapses remains poorly understood...

..Taken together, these functional and structural data provide new perspectives related to the physiological role of AdcAII in pneumococcus Zn homeostasis...

In certain brain regions, extracellular zinc concentrations can rise precipitously as intense neuronal activity releases large amounts of zinc from the nerve terminals...

..essential function of MT has not been demonstrated, MT of higher eukaryotes evolved as a mechanism to regulate zinc levels and distribution within cells and organisms...

..In order to identify transporters and chelating agents that may be involved in transport and deposition of zinc in the barley grain, expression profiles have been generated of four different tissue types: the transfer cells, ..

..and has the potential as a scientific and clinical tool used for selective modulation of histochemically reactive zinc pools...

A relationship between zinc (Zn)-deficiency and mood disorders has been suspected...

..A recombinant light chain of type A botulinum toxin, BoTxA/LC, with zinc endoprotease activity was used in phage bio-panning to select phage clones displaying BoTxA/LC-bound VH/V(H)H...

Progress is being made in understanding the biochemical and molecular basis of nickel (Ni)/zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulation in Thlaspi; however, the molecular signaling pathways that control these mechanisms are not understood...

In addition to basic housekeeping roles in metalloenzymes and transcription factors, dietary zinc (Zn) is an important immunoregulatory agent, growth cofactor, and cytoprotectant with anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory ..

..contains a potential metalloprotease motif (HEX P H E XGD), which fits the consensus sequence for the catalytic zinc-binding site motif of the zincin metalloproteases...

It has long been known that the mammalian forebrain contains a subset of glutamatergic neurons that sequester zinc in their synaptic vesicles. This zinc may be released into the synaptic cleft upon neuronal activity...

b>Zinc has complex effects on NMDA receptors (NMDARs) and may be an endogenous modulator of synaptic plasticity...

As well as being key structural components of many proteins, increasing evidence suggests that zinc and copper ions function as signaling molecules in the nervous system and are released from the synaptic terminals of certain neurons...

The zinc hyperaccumulator plant Arabidopsis halleri is able to naturally accumulate 100-fold higher leaf zinc concentrations when compared with non-accumulator species such as the closely related A. lyrata and A...

b>Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient required by all cells but is toxic in excess. We have identified three allelic Zn-sensitive mutants of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)...

..These results indicate that synaptically released Zn(2+), acting as a second messenger, is necessary for the induction of LTP at mossy fiber-->CA3 synapses of hippocampus...

The metalloneurochemistry of Zn(II) is of substantial current interest. Zinc is the second most abundant d-block metal ion in the human brain, and its distribution varies with relatively high concentrations found in the hippocampus...

For over a decade, the importance of zinc in the treatment of acute and persistent diarrhea has been recognized...

b>Zinc and magnesium are potent inhibitors of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex...

Although details of the molecular mechanisms for the uptake of the essential nutrient zinc into the bloodstream and its subsequent delivery to zinc-requiring organs and cells are poorly understood, it is clear that in vertebrates the ..

b>Zinc potentiates the induction of NMDA receptor-dependent hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) at low micromolar concentrations, while excessive zinc attenuates it. Homeostasis of synaptic zinc is critical for LTP induction...

..nervous system associated with hypocupremia and hyperzincinemia has been widely recognized but the origin of high zinc remained unknown...

..Furthermore Ag(+) induces a transient intracellular zinc release and increases the mRNA and protein expression of the zinc-binding protein metallothionein by activating the ..

..higher plants: boron (B), chloride (Cl), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn)...

The amygdala is enriched with histochemically reactive zinc, which is dynamically coupled with neuronal activity and co-released with glutamate...

b>Zinc, an essential nutrient, is supplied to the brain via both the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Zinc is most concentrated in the limbic system, i.e...

Multiple studies have shown the benefits of zinc supplementation among young children in high-risk populations. However, the optimal dose and safe upper level of zinc have not been determined.

Vesicular zinc transporters (ZnTs) play a critical role in regulating Zn2+ homeostasis in various cellular compartments and are linked to major diseases ranging from Alzheimer disease to diabetes...

..Results of the paper show that tested fertilizer could be applied on soils strongly contaminated with heavy metals giving long-lasting improvement of reclaimed soils...

..applied in the different mining wastes in order to study Pb and Zn mobility and likely bioavailability to Betula pendula growing on the same mining spoils, which presents lead and zinc contents in leaves over ten times background values.

..2004 until August 2005 and analyzed for 11 metals including iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), barium (Ba), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co)...

..age-dependant increases were observed in liver and kidney concentrations of cadmium and mercury, and renal zinc concentrations. Hepatic iron concentrations were significantly higher in females than males...

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..When evaluating the risks of copper's toxic effects in subtropics, the soils from rhyolitic volcanic rocks are more worrisome, as the Cu extracted with ammonium acetate 1M surpasses the toxic threshold as much as 4-6 times...

..However, no correlation was found in Kendal-tau correlation analysis between particle size of the ash and metals leachability of the TCLP...

..The amount of heavy metal uptake was remarkably decreased by reducing the crude protein contents when cells were treated by alkali solutions. Therefore, this study showed one of the possible examples for useful bioremediation...

..Results of this study could provide some available information for in-site bioremediation of soil from Zhangshi irrigation area...

..Metals were, however, not proven to affect either the algal or the bacterial communities of the Dutch river floodplains...

..Comparison of acid leachable trace metals indicates increase in concentrations in the study area and the sediments act as a sink for trace metals contributed from multiple sources...

..to lead and cadmium and to examine if these toxic heavy metals in blood and hair could affect blood copper, cobalt, zinc and iron concentrations and their accumulation in hair...

..The shorter the flooded periods, the better the metal concentrations could be linked to the mobility of Ca in the pore water, which is attributed to a fluctuating CO(2) pressure...

..We conclude that Lewatit CNP 80 can be used for the efficient removal of Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+), and Ni(2+) from aqueous solutions...

..These pumps maintain homeostasis of essential trace metals like copper, zinc, cobalt and nickel, and mediate resistance to toxic metals such as lead, cadmium and silver...

b>Zinc is an essential nutrient because of the important roles this metal plays as a catalytic and structural cofactor...

..Proposed protein targets of arsenite include Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)- 1, a protein with two C3H1 zinc finger motifs in the DNA binding domain and one C4 zinc binding motif responsible for DNA-dependent catalytic ..

b>Zinc inhibition of endotoxemia in alcoholic liver injury Abstract Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is an important health problem, but an FDA-approved effective therapy is not available...

..Vitamin A and zinc deficiencies are specific factors which can modulate the clinical course of malaria and exacerbate associated ..

..These pumps maintain homeostasis of essential trace metals like copper, zinc, cobalt and nickel, and mediate resistance to toxic metals such as lead, cadmium and silver...

b>Zinc inhibition of endotoxemia in alcoholic liver injury Abstract Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is an important health problem, but an FDA-approved effective therapy is not available...

..continued support for ongoing studies of the structure, bioinorganic chemistry and allosteric regulation by zinc of selected zinc metalloregulatory transcription factors derived from mammalian and prokaryotic organisms which ..

..The long-term goal of this research is to devise molecular sensors for binding, visualizing, and quantifying mobile zinc in neurobiological systems...

..The competitive revision seeks to develop a point-of-care platform for measuring serum zinc concentrations in children with septic shock, the "zinc chip...

b>Zinc has been shown to reduce the duration and severity of diarrheal diseases in studies of poor children on several continents...

..and physiological importance, the interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ion CO2 + H2O - All CAs are zinc-dependent enzymes and a well-established mechanistic paradigm requires the coordination of substrate to the ..

b>Zinc is an essential nutrient needed for many cellular processes, however, excess zinc leads to cell death...

..site, will revert its PZase activity, turning to a PZA-sensitive phenotype, under high concentrations of zinc ions, the probable cofactor...

b>Zinc is an essential nutrient because of the important roles this metal plays as a catalytic and structural cofactor...

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from applicant's abstract) Zinc is widely recognized as being essential to all forms of life, and in particular that of humans...

..Ikaros encodes a zinc finger protein whose expression is restricted to hematopoietic cells...

The zinc deficient mouse (ZD) is a valuable model for elucidating the molecular and biochemical changes made by the immune system to provide a core of host defense in the face of suboptimal nutriture...