halogens

Summary

Summary: A family of nonmetallic, generally electronegative, elements that form group 17 (formerly group VIIa) of the periodic table.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Mechanistic considerations of halogenating enzymes
    Alison Butler
    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
    Nature 460:848-54. 2009
  2. ncbi Impact of cytosine 5-halogens on the interaction of DNA with restriction endonucleases and methyltransferase
    Victoria Valinluck
    Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350, USA
    Chem Res Toxicol 19:556-62. 2006
  3. ncbi Experimental measurement of noncovalent interactions between halogens and aromatic rings
    Harry Adams
    Centre for Chemical Biology, Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
    Chembiochem 5:657-65. 2004
  4. ncbi Exploring the chemistry and biology of vanadium-dependent haloperoxidases
    Jaclyn M Winter
    Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
    J Biol Chem 284:18577-81. 2009
  5. ncbi Nature's inventory of halogenation catalysts: oxidative strategies predominate
    Frederic H Vaillancourt
    Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    Chem Rev 106:3364-78. 2006
  6. ncbi Evaluation of a dual peak third generation LED curing light
    Richard B T Price
    Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
    Compend Contin Educ Dent 26:331-2, 334, 336-8 passim; quiz 348. 2005
  7. ncbi The effect of different light-curing units on fatigue behavior and degree of conversion of a resin composite
    Ulrich Lohbauer
    Policlinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Gluckstrasse 11, D 91054 Erlangen, Germany
    Dent Mater 21:608-15. 2005
  8. ncbi Prerequisites for proper curing
    C Strydom
    Restorative Dentistry, University of the Western Cape
    SADJ 60:254-5. 2005
  9. ncbi Terminology, technology, and troubleshooting: curing lights
    Victoria L Wallace
    Ultradent Products, Inc, USA
    Dent Assist 74:12, 14-5. 2005
  10. ncbi A comparison of tungsten-quartz-halogen, plasma arc and light-emitting diode light sources for the polymerization of an orthodontic adhesive
    Bikram S Thind
    Department of Orthodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
    Eur J Orthod 28:78-82. 2006

Research Grants

  1. Synthesis and Study of Minimal Protein Folding Models: Molecular Torsion Balance
    CRAIG WILCOX; Fiscal Year: 2009
  2. Synthesis and Study of Minimal Protein Folding Models: Molecular Torsion Balance
    Craig S Wilcox; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. Synthesis and Study of Minimal Protein Folding Models: Molecular Torsion Balance
    CRAIG WILCOX; Fiscal Year: 2007
  4. The Removal of Disinfection Byoproducts from Water (1000-641)
    ARJAN GIAYA; Fiscal Year: 2007
  5. Mechanistic studies of pulmonary toxicity of styrene
    Jiang Zheng; Fiscal Year: 2007
  6. LIPOPHILIC ANTIFOLATES AND AIDS OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
    Andre Rosowsky; Fiscal Year: 1993
  7. Mechanistic studies of pulmonary toxicity of styrene
    Jiang Zheng; Fiscal Year: 2010
  8. Mechanistic studies of pulmonary toxicity of styrene
    Jiang Zheng; Fiscal Year: 2009
  9. Oxidative Stress in Oral Streptococci
    Robert Marquis; Fiscal Year: 2007
  10. Oxidative Stress in Oral Streptococci
    Robert E Marquis; Fiscal Year: 2010

Detail Information

Publications198 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Mechanistic considerations of halogenating enzymes
    Alison Butler
    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
    Nature 460:848-54. 2009
    ....
  2. ncbi Impact of cytosine 5-halogens on the interaction of DNA with restriction endonucleases and methyltransferase
    Victoria Valinluck
    Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350, USA
    Chem Res Toxicol 19:556-62. 2006
    ..a series of oligonucleotides containing cytosine and a series of 5-substituted cytosine analogues including all halogens. This set of oligonucleotides has been used to probe the relationship between the size of the substituent and its ..
  3. ncbi Experimental measurement of noncovalent interactions between halogens and aromatic rings
    Harry Adams
    Centre for Chemical Biology, Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
    Chembiochem 5:657-65. 2004
    Chemical double mutant cycles have been used to quantify the interactions of halogens with the faces of aromatic rings in chloroform...
  4. ncbi Exploring the chemistry and biology of vanadium-dependent haloperoxidases
    Jaclyn M Winter
    Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
    J Biol Chem 284:18577-81. 2009
    ....
  5. ncbi Nature's inventory of halogenation catalysts: oxidative strategies predominate
    Frederic H Vaillancourt
    Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    Chem Rev 106:3364-78. 2006
  6. ncbi Evaluation of a dual peak third generation LED curing light
    Richard B T Price
    Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
    Compend Contin Educ Dent 26:331-2, 334, 336-8 passim; quiz 348. 2005
    ..001). It was concluded that overall the UltraLume 5 dual peak third generation LED curing light was able to polymerize these 5 resin composites as well as or better than the other curing lights...
  7. ncbi The effect of different light-curing units on fatigue behavior and degree of conversion of a resin composite
    Ulrich Lohbauer
    Policlinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Gluckstrasse 11, D 91054 Erlangen, Germany
    Dent Mater 21:608-15. 2005
    ..The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different light-curing units and irradiation modes on the mechanical fatigue strength and degree of conversion of a restorative resin composite...
  8. ncbi Prerequisites for proper curing
    C Strydom
    Restorative Dentistry, University of the Western Cape
    SADJ 60:254-5. 2005
    ..Some basic terminology relating to the power of the light and intensity is explained and calculations are used to illustrate to the reader how the size of the light guide increases or reduces the intensity of the light beam...
  9. ncbi Terminology, technology, and troubleshooting: curing lights
    Victoria L Wallace
    Ultradent Products, Inc, USA
    Dent Assist 74:12, 14-5. 2005
  10. ncbi A comparison of tungsten-quartz-halogen, plasma arc and light-emitting diode light sources for the polymerization of an orthodontic adhesive
    Bikram S Thind
    Department of Orthodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
    Eur J Orthod 28:78-82. 2006
    ..Polymerization, as effective as that produced by conventional bulb light sources, was obtained with the short exposure times recommended for the plasma arc or light-emitting diode sources...
  11. ncbi Visible light curing
    Fred Rueggeberg
    Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
    J Esthet Restor Dent 17:200-1. 2005
  12. ncbi Effect of radiation light characteristics on surface hardness of paint-on resin for shade modification
    Hiroyuki Arikawa
    Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Japan
    Dent Mater J 24:636-41. 2005
    ..Our results indicated that the polymerization efficiency of paint-on resin was significantly influenced by the radiation light characteristics of clinical light-curing units...
  13. ncbi Effect of light dispersion of LED curing lights on resin composite polymerization
    Kraig S Vandewalle
    Dental Materials and Testing, USAF Dental Investigation Service, Great Lakes, IL 60088, USA
    J Esthet Restor Dent 17:244-54; discussion 254-5. 2005
    ..This study evaluated the effect of light dispersion of halogen and LED curing lights on resin composite polymerization...
  14. ncbi Orthodontic bracket shear bond strengths produced by two high-power light-emitting diode modes and halogen light
    Hakan Turkkahraman
    Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Suleyman Demirel, Cunur, Isparta, Turkey
    Angle Orthod 75:854-7. 2005
    ..14 +/- 5.75 MPa) and the halogen group (17.38 +/- 5.41 MPa) (P > .05). The LED is effective for bonding metal brackets to teeth, and the soft-start mode gives higher bond strengths than the fast mode...
  15. ncbi Advances in light curing units and curing techniques: a literature review
    G Oberholpez
    Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus
    SADJ 60:451-4. 2005
    ..This article presents a review of the advances in light curing units and curing techniques, as well as the scientific principles that guided past developments and that will influence future advances...
  16. ncbi Shrinkage behavior of a resin-based composite irradiated with modern curing units
    Nicoleta Ilie
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of the Ludwig Maximilians University, Goethestr 70, Munich 80336, Germany
    Dent Mater 21:483-9. 2005
    ....
  17. ncbi Comparison of halogen, plasma and LED curing units
    Rie Nomoto
    Department of Dental Engineering, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
    Oper Dent 29:287-94. 2004
    ..Both the plasma arc and LED units required longer irradiation times than those recommended by their respective manufacturers. Clinicians should be aware of potential thermal rise and UV-A hazard when using plasma arc units...
  18. ncbi Post-gel shrinkage with different modes of LED and halogen light curing units
    M S Soh
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
    Oper Dent 29:317-24. 2004
    ..At all time intervals, post-gel shrinkage associated with continuous light curing mode was significantly higher than the soft-start light curing mode for FL and TL...
  19. ncbi Temperature rise during adhesive and resin composite polymerization with various light curing sources
    Bora Ozturk
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, Selcuk University, Faculty of Dentistry, Konya, Turkey
    Oper Dent 29:325-32. 2004
    ..However, in this study, no temperature rises beneath 1-mm dentin disk exceed the critical 5.6 degrees C value for pulpal health...
  20. ncbi Polymerisation characteristics of resin composites polymerised with different curing units
    Gholamreza Danesh
    Westfalische Wilhelms Universitat, Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung, Waldeyerstr 30, D 48149 Munster, Germany
    J Dent 32:479-88. 2004
    ..The aim of this study was to compare the plasma arc light source Apollo 95E and the conventional halogen lamp Elipar Visio regarding a number of polymerisation characteristics of different resin composites...
  21. ncbi Effect of high intensity vs. soft-start halogen irradiation on light-cured resin-based composites. Part II: Hardness and solubility
    Norbert Hofmann
    Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Julius Maximilians University of Wurzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D 97070 Wurzburg, Germany
    Am J Dent 17:38-42. 2004
    ..To determine hardness and solubility of light-cured resin-based composites after high intensity vs. soft-start quartz tungsten halogen irradiation...
  22. ncbi Influence of curing lights and modes on cross-link density of dental composites
    Adrian U J Yap
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
    Oper Dent 29:410-5. 2004
    ..For TL, curing with continuous mode resulted in specimens with significantly higher cross-link density than curing with the soft-start mode...
  23. ncbi Microhardness and Young's modulus of a bonding resin cured with different curing units
    Monica Yamauti
    Section of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 5 45 Yushima, 1 chome, Bunkyo ku, Tokyo 113 5489, Japan
    Dent Mater J 23:457-66. 2004
    ..Increasing the distance between the curing unit tip and the irradiated surface decreased the hardness and Young's modulus of SE...
  24. ncbi Time dependence of composite shrinkage using halogen and LED light curing
    Alexander Uhl
    Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Materials Science and Technology (IMT, , D-07743 Jena, Germany
    Dent Mater 21:278-86. 2005
    ..The irradiance of some LED LCUs can also decrease over time and should therefore be checked on a regular basis...
  25. ncbi Influence of photopolymerization light source on enamel shear bond strength after bleaching
    Sandro Cordeiro Loretto
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry of Pernambuco, UPE, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
    Braz Dent J 15:133-7. 2004
    ..It was therefore possible to conclude that neither enamel bleaching nor the photopolymerization source used had any influence on enamel shear bond strength...
  26. ncbi The degree of conversion of fiber-reinforced composites polymerized using different light-curing sources
    S Uctasli
    Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
    Dent Mater 21:469-75. 2005
    ..The plasma-arc light-curing unit showed a lower degree of conversion with all materials compared to the light-emitting diode and quartz-tungsten-halogen lamps...
  27. ncbi Evaluation of curing performance of light-emitting polymerization units
    Barry M Owens
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA
    Gen Dent 54:17-20. 2006
    ..Dentists should be aware that LED curing units offer portability, reduced heat production, and more consistent intensity output per life of the unit...
  28. ncbi Effect of reduced exposure times on the microhardness of 10 resin composites cured by high-power LED and QTH curing lights
    Corey A Felix
    Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
    J Can Dent Assoc 72:147. 2006
    ..To compare the effect of reduced exposure times on the microhardness of resin composites cured with a "second-generation" light-emitting diode (LED) curing light and a quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) curing light...
  29. ncbi Surface microhardness of a resin composite: a comparison of a tungsten halogen and a LED light curing unit, in vitro
    Noel J Ray
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, National University of Ireland, Cork
    Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 14:7-12. 2006
    ..Immediate finishing (1 h) was more appropriate to the use of the LED LCU (with adequate exposure time). The effect of elapsed time after exposure on microhardness was more pronounced with the QTH LCU...
  30. ncbi Depth of cure and hardness of an indirect composite polymerized with three laboratory curing units
    Naomi Tanoue
    Department of Specialized Dentistry, Nagasaki University Hospital of Medicine and Dentistry, Japan
    J Oral Sci 49:25-9. 2007
    ..2 KHN). Of the three units, the halogen-fluorescent unit exhibited the lowest depth of cure. Both the hardness and curing depth of the composite were influenced by the laboratory polymerizing units employed...
  31. ncbi Dentin bond strength of composites with self-etching adhesives using LED curing lights
    Yonca Korkmaz
    Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:34-42. 2007
    ....
  32. ncbi Revisiting the intensity output of curing lights in private dental offices
    Nasser Barghi
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
    Compend Contin Educ Dent 28:380-4; quiz 385-6. 2007
    ..4%), and heavy (13.7%). A comparison of the results of this study with the 1994 survey report shows an overall improvement in the intensity output in dental offices. LED and PAC lights constituted 21.2% of curing lights in this survey...
  33. ncbi Effect of light curing modes and light curing time on the microhardness of a hybrid composite resin
    Flavio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Campinas State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:1-8. 2007
    ..The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of light curing modes and curing time on the microhardness of a hybrid composite resin...
  34. ncbi The influence of temperature on the efficacy of polymerization of composite resin
    Wedad Y Awliya
    Department of Restorative Dental Science, Collage of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:9-16. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different temperatures on the efficacy of polymerization during the insertion of composite resin using different light curing units...
  35. ncbi A study of temperature rise in the pulp chamber during composite polymerization with different light-curing units
    Christopher Millen
    Edinburgh Postgraduate Dental Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:29-37. 2007
    ..The study compared pulp temperature rise during polymerization of resin-based composites (RBCs) using halogen and LED light-curing units (LCUs)...
  36. ncbi Microhardness evaluation of resin composites polymerized by three different light sources
    Ihsan Hubbezoglu
    Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
    Dent Mater J 26:845-53. 2007
    ..Among the materials tested, the nanofilled resin composite displayed the highest microhardness values for each curing regime...
  37. ncbi The effect of different light-curing methods on temperature changes of dual polymerizing agents cemented to human dentin
    Nadia Malek Taher
    Department of Restorative Dental Sciences of the College of Dentistry at King Saud University in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
    J Contemp Dent Pract 9:57-64. 2008
    ..This in vitro study aims to measure the temperature changes of resin luting cements cemented to human dentin when using different light curing systems for photo-activation...
  38. ncbi Comparison of the heat generation of light curing units
    Bora Bagis
    Department of Prosthetic Dentistry of the Faculty of Dentistry at Karadeniz Technical University in Trabzon, Turkey
    J Contemp Dent Pract 9:65-72. 2008
    ..The aim of this study was to evaluate the heat generation of three different types of light curing units...
  39. ncbi Sorption and solubility of composites cured with quartz-tungsten halogen and light emitting diode light-curing units
    Luci Regina P Archegas
    Technological School at the Federal University of Parana in Curitiba, PR, Brazil
    J Contemp Dent Pract 9:73-80. 2008
    ..The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of light polymerization on water sorption and solubility of hybrid composites...
  40. ncbi Effect of exposure time on curing efficiency of polymerizing units equipped with light-emitting diodes
    José R David
    Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Ponta Grossa, Campus Uvaranas, Brazil
    J Oral Sci 49:19-24. 2007
    ..An exposure time of 40 sec is required to provide composites with a uniform and high Knoop hardness when LED light-curing units are employed...
  41. ncbi Effect of two light-emitting diode (LED) and one halogen curing light on the microleakage of Class V flowable composite restorations
    Nuray Attar
    Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:80-8. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of light-emitting diode (LED) light curing units (LCUs) compared with a halogen LCU on microleakage of three different flowable composites using self-etch adhesives...
  42. ncbi A new laboratory polymerizing apparatus equipped with halogen and metal halide light sources
    Naomi Tanoue
    Department of Specialized Dentistry, Nagasaki University Hospital of Medicine and Dentistry, 1 7 1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852 8588, Japan
    Dent Mater J 24:43-8. 2005
    ..05) among the curing units and polymerization modes. In conclusion, the M3 unit was found to be well suited to polymerizing the composite material tested...
  43. ncbi Effect of light-tip distance on the shear bond strengths of resin-modified glass ionomer cured with high-intensity halogen, light-emitting diode, and plasma arc lights
    Maria Francesca Sfondrini
    Department of Orthodontics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 129:541-6. 2006
    ..CONCLUSIONS: In hard-to-reach areas, the plasma arc curing light is suggested for optimal curing efficiency...
  44. ncbi Critical appraisal. Quartz-tungsten-halogen and light-emitting diode curing lights
    Kraig S Vandewalle
    Dental Materials Evaluation and Testing, USAF Dental Evaluation and Consultation Service, Great Lakes, IL, USA
    J Esthet Restor Dent 18:161-7. 2006
  45. ncbi Evaluation of the light intensity of high intensity light units
    Kazuyoshi Hashimoto
    Hashimoto Dental Clinic, Saitama, Japan
    Am J Dent 19:143-6. 2006
    ..To determine the intensity of PAC (plasma arc curing) light compared with conventional QTH (Quartz tungsten halogen) light using a hardness test...
  46. ncbi Reducing, by pulse width modulation, the curing temperature of a prototype high-power LED light curing unit
    Ta-Ko Huang
    TSAI Graduate Institute of Dental Science, Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
    Dent Mater J 25:309-15. 2006
    ..2 degrees C and an irradiance of 1,194 +/- 1 mW/cm2. Based on the results of the present study, it was shown that PWM technology reduced the curing temperature while retaining the polymerization effectiveness of a high-power LED LCU...
  47. ncbi Effect of led light curing on the marginal sealing of composite resin restorations
    Luis Guilherme Sensi
    Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
    Pract Proced Aesthet Dent 18:345-51; quiz 352. 2006
    ..Variation of the light-curing unit (quartz tungsten halogen or LED) did not result in discernible differences in the marginal sealing of composite restorations...
  48. ncbi Microleakage beneath ceramic and metal brackets photopolymerized with LED or conventional light curing units
    Serdar Arikan
    Osmanli Dis Hastanesi, Conservative Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
    Angle Orthod 76:1035-40. 2006
    ..CONCLUSIONS: Ceramic brackets cured with LED units were the best combination, demonstrating the lowest microleakage scores...
  49. ncbi Effectiveness of second-generation light-emitting diode (LED) light curing units
    Ulisses Bastos Campregher
    Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Algere, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:35-42. 2007
    ....
  50. ncbi The Knoop hardness of a composite resin polymerized with different curing lights and different modes
    A Ruya Yazici
    Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:52-9. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study was to compare the surface hardness of a hybrid composite resin polymerized with different curing lights...
  51. ncbi Effect of photoactivation systems and resin composites on the microleakage of esthetic restorations
    Larissa Maria Assad Cavalcante
    Clinical Dentistry Program, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Unviersity of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
    J Contemp Dent Pract 8:70-9. 2007
    ....
  52. ncbi Influence of ceramic translucency on curing efficacy of different light-curing units
    Angela Koch
    Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinics, Regensburg, Germany
    J Adhes Dent 9:449-62. 2007
    ....
  53. ncbi LED's--future technology in curing scenario?--an in-vitro study
    R Vinay Chandra
    Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, India
    Indian J Dent Res 14:152-5. 2003
    ..The results showed that in the long run LED's seem to have great potential to achieve a clinically consistent quality of composite cure...
  54. ncbi The influence of storage and indenter load on the Knoop hardness of dental composites polymerized with LED and halogen technologies
    Alexander Uhl
    Institute of Materials Science and Technology (IMT, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, , Jena D-07743, Germany
    Dent Mater 20:21-8. 2004
    ..The indenter load had a statistically significant influence on the measured Knoop hardness of composites and has the potential to falsify results if not selected carefully...
  55. ncbi Evaluation of a second-generation LED curing light
    Richard B T Price
    Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
    J Can Dent Assoc 69:666. 2003
    ..Light-emitting diode (LED) curing lights offer advantages over quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) lights, but the first-generation LED lights had some disadvantages...
  56. ncbi Shedding new light on composite polymerization
    W Frank Caughman
    Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA
    Oper Dent 27:636-8. 2002
    ..At stake are the durability of restorations, the satisfaction of patient and the well-earned reputation of the operator...
  57. ncbi Curing light technology 2003
    Scott D Benjamin
    Pract Proced Aesthet Dent 15:333-5. 2003
  58. ncbi Light curing--an update
    John O Burgess
    Operative Dentistry and Biomaterials Department, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
    Compend Contin Educ Dent 23:889-92, 894, 896 passim; quiz 908. 2002
    ..The support for different curing modes (soft, exponential, and pulse delay) to improve marginal integrity and reduce marginal leakage is examined...
  59. ncbi Effectiveness of composite cure associated with different curing modes of LED lights
    M S Soh
    Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
    Oper Dent 28:371-7. 2003
    ..Hence, the effectiveness of composite cure with LED LCUs is product dependent...
  60. ncbi Effect of irradiation type (LED or QTH) on photo-activated composite shrinkage strain kinetics, temperature rise, and hardness
    Norbert Hofmann
    Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Bavarian Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
    Eur J Oral Sci 110:471-9. 2002
    ..Ramp curing decreased contraction speed even more. Shrinkage strain after 60 min was greater following QTH irradiation compared with both LED units (Herculite, Definite) or with the weaker LED light (Z250)...
  61. ncbi Comparative efficiency of plasma and halogen light sources on composite micro-hardness in different curing conditions
    D Dietschi
    Division de Cariologie, d Endodontie et de Pédodontie, Section de Médecine Dentaire, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de Geneve, 19 Rue BarthElemy Menn, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
    Dent Mater 19:493-500. 2003
    ..This study evaluated the effectiveness of a plasma-curing device (Apollo 95 E) and a halogen device (Heliolux DLX), in different curing conditions...
  62. ncbi Hardening of dual-cure resin cements and a resin composite restorative cured with QTH and LED curing units
    Gildo Coelho Santos
    Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Bahia, School of Dentistry, Salvador, BA, Brazil
    J Can Dent Assoc 70:323-8. 2004
    ..CONCLUSIONS: High-intensity light curing and longer curing times resulted in the highest KHNs. The LED curing unit was associated with the lowest hardness values for lower surfaces of the resin composite restorative...
  63. ncbi Curing efficiency of various types of light-curing units
    Chris Rahiotis
    Biomaterials Laboratory, University of Athens, Greece
    Eur J Oral Sci 112:89-94. 2004
    ..The QTH, operated in exponential mode, resulted in the highest H4/H0 value. The exponential mode of the QTH demonstrated superior performance for the total of the characteristics evaluated...
  64. ncbi Color stability of resin matrix restorative materials as a function of the method of light activation
    Ralf Janda
    Humboldt University, Medical Faculty Charité, Center of Dentistry, Augustenburger Platz, Berlin, Germany
    Eur J Oral Sci 112:280-5. 2004
    ..It may be concluded that the bleaching of composites, ormocers and compomers depends on (i) the used light curing device and (ii) the chosen curing times. The tungsten halogen light provided highly significantly superior results...
  65. ncbi Comparison of PAC and QTH light sources on polymerization of resin composites
    Nobuhiro Katahira
    Toranomon Hospital Dental Clinic 2 2 2, Toranomon, Minato ku, Tokyo, 105 8470, Japan
    Am J Dent 17:113-7. 2004
    ..To evaluate the polymerization shrinkage, Knoop hardness number (KHN) and compressive strength and to suggest a suitable time for irradiating resin composite restorations, when using a high-intensity light source...
  66. ncbi The comet assay with multiple mouse organs: comparison of comet assay results and carcinogenicity with 208 chemicals selected from the IARC monographs and U.S. NTP Carcinogenicity Database
    Y F Sasaki
    Laboratory of Genotoxicity, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hachinohe National College of Technology, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan
    Crit Rev Toxicol 30:629-799. 2000
    ..agents, amides, aromatic amines, azo compounds, cyclic nitro compounds, hydrazines, halides having reactive halogens, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were chemicals showing high positive effects in this assay...
  67. ncbi Sense or no-sense of the sum parameter for water soluble "adsorbable organic halogens" (AOX) and "absorbed organic halogens" (AOX-S18) for the assessment of organohalogens in sludges and sediments
    German Müller
    Institute of Environmental Geochemistry, University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 236, D 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
    Chemosphere 52:371-9. 2003
    quot;AOX" is the abbreviation of the sum parameter for water soluble "adsorbable organic halogens" in which 'A' stands for adsorbable, 'O' for organic and 'X' for the halogens chlorine, bromine and iodine...
  68. ncbi Decomposition of energetic chemicals contaminated with iron or stainless steel
    Sima Chervin
    Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, NY 14652 6270, USA
    J Hazard Mater 130:48-52. 2006
    ..The following non-energetic groups were investigated for contributing effects: halogens, hydroxyls, amines, amides, nitriles, sulfonic acid esters, carbonyl halides and salts of hydrochloric acid...
  69. ncbi Toxicity of fire smoke
    Yves Alarie
    Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    Crit Rev Toxicol 32:259-89. 2002
    ..Many contain nitrogen or halogens, resulting in the release of hydrogen cyanide and inorganic acids in fire smoke as additional toxic threats...
  70. ncbi Phytotoxicity tests of solid wastes and contaminated soils in the Czech Republic
    Vladimir Koci
    Department of Environmental Chemistry, ICT Prague, Czech Republic
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 17:611-23. 2010
    ..Ten different representative types of contaminated soils and solid waste samples were chosen from the Czech Republic...
  71. ncbi Chemoselective Synthesis of Substituted Imines, Secondary Amines, and beta-Amino Carbonyl Compounds from Nitroaromatics through Cascade Reactions on Gold Catalysts
    Laura L Santos
    , , Avda de los Naranjos, 46022, Valencia Spain, Fax 34 963 877 809
    Chemistry 15:8196-203. 2009
    ..The process is shown to be highly selective towards other competing groups, such as double bonds, carbonyls, halogens, nitriles, or cinnamates, and thereby allows the synthesis of different substituted nitrogenated compounds...
  72. ncbi Formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products in viticulture
    Jan Bernd Barhorst
    Institute for AgroEcology IfA, RLP AgroScience GmbH, 67435 Neustadt Weinstrasse, Germany
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 16:582-9. 2009
    ..These disinfection by-products (DBPs) can be quantified as group parameter 'adsorbable organic halogens' (AOX) and have not been determined in effluents of viticulture yet...
  73. ncbi pKa prediction from an ab initio bond length: part 3--benzoic acids and anilines
    A P Harding
    Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre MIB, Manchester, UK
    Phys Chem Chem Phys 13:11283-93. 2011
    ..g. halogens, hydroxy) ortho substituent...
  74. ncbi Synthesis, evaluation and structure-activity relationships of 5-alkyl-2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,2-c] quinazoline, 2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-5(6H)-thiones and their oxo-analogues as new potential bronchodilators
    R H Bahekar
    Medicinal Chemistry Division, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, A P, India
    Arzneimittelforschung 51:284-92. 2001
    ..The presence of halogens altered the biological activity in both the series...
  75. ncbi Solar photolysis kinetics of disinfection byproducts
    Baiyang Chen
    Chinese Environmental Scholars and Professionals Network, 11900 Stonehollow Drive, Apartment 338, Austin, TX 78758, USA
    Water Res 44:3401-9. 2010
    ..Compounds containing a high degree of halogenation (e.g., three halogens) were usually less stable than less halogenated species (e.g., those with two halogens)...
  76. ncbi A highly versatile catalyst system for the cross-coupling of aryl chlorides and amines
    Rylan J Lundgren
    Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia B3H 4J3 Canada
    Chemistry 16:1983-91. 2010
    ..as substituents enolizable ketones, ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols, olefins, amides, and halogens, to a diverse range of amine and related substrates that includes primary alkyl- and arylamines, cyclic and ..
  77. ncbi Characterization of lysosomal monoiodotyrosine transport in rat thyroid cells. Evidence for transport by system h
    H C Andersson
    Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
    J Biol Chem 265:10950-4. 1990
    ..Ring-substituted halogens, regardless of mass or ring position, but not amino, nitro, hydroxy, or methoxy groups, enhanced carrier ..
  78. ncbi Bromine in waste incineration: partitioning and influence on metal volatilisation
    Jürgen Vehlow
    Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Institute for Technical Chemistry, Karlsruhe, Germany
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 10:329-34. 2003
    ..It may have similar implications like Cl for the volatilisation of heavy metals and the formation of low volatile organic compounds. Due to its lower oxidation potential, there is a risk of formation of elementary Br2 in the offgas...
  79. ncbi Evaluation of sample preparation methods for elastomer digestion for further halogens determination
    Diogo P Moraes
    , Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105 900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
    Anal Bioanal Chem 397:563-70. 2010
    ..Using MIC, it was possible to digest elastomers with high efficiency, resulting in a single solution suitable for halogen determination by different techniques...
  80. ncbi Decontamination of chemical and biological warfare agents with a single multi-functional material
    Gabi Amitai
    McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
    Biomaterials 31:4417-25. 2010
    ..containing the redox enzymes glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase can convert halide ions into active halogens and exert striking bactericidal activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria...
  81. ncbi Organic halogen removal from chlorinated humic ground water and lake water by nitrifying fluidized-bed biomass characterised by electron microscopy and molecular methods
    E Kostyal
    Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Finland
    Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 50:612-22. 1998
    ..The removal rates of adsorbable organic halogens were 200 micrograms Cl (g VS day)-1 for chlorinated humic ground water and 50 micrograms Cl (g VS day)-1 for ..
  82. ncbi Theoretical studies on the interaction of partial agonists with the 5-HT2A receptor
    Maria Elena Silva
    Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
    J Comput Aided Mol Des 25:51-66. 2011
    ..FRA indicates which substructures affect potency or intrinsic activity. The high contribution of halogens in para position of phenethylamines to pEC(50) points to a specific hydrophobic pocket...
  83. ncbi Microwave assisted extraction of iodine and bromine from edible seaweed for inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry determination
    Vanessa Romarís-Hortas
    Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, S N, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
    Talanta 79:947-52. 2009
    ..When extracting both halogens, results showed statistical significance (confidence interval of 95%) for TMAH volume and temperature, and also ..
  84. ncbi Determination of potentially bioaccumulating complex mixtures of organochlorine compounds in wastewater: a review
    M Concepción Contreras López
    University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Sciences, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
    Environ Int 28:751-9. 2003
    ..The existing tests to measure adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) or extractable organic halogens (EOX) do not distinguish the more hydrophobic organic chlorine matter...
  85. ncbi 77Se NMR chemical shifts of 9-(arylselanyl)triptycenes: new standard for planar structures of ArSeR and applications to determine the structures in solutions
    Takashi Nakamoto
    Department of Material Science and Chemistry, Faculty of Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, 930 Sakaedani, Wakayama 640 8510, Japan
    J Org Chem 73:9259-69. 2008
    ..Y = COOEt, CN, and NO(2) (19-37 ppm), relative to Y = H, with small upfield and moderate downfield shifts by Y of halogens (-1 ppm for Y = F and 4 ppm for Y = Cl and Br)...
  86. ncbi Headspace single-drop microextraction and cuvetteless microspectrophotometry for the selective determination of free and total cyanide involving reaction with ninhydrin
    Archana Jain
    Department of Chemistry, Rani Durgavati University, Pachpedi, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
    Talanta 82:758-65. 2010
    ..Sulphide was masked by cadmium sulphate, nitrite by sulphamic acid, sulphite by N-ethylmaleimide, and halogens by ascorbic acid. The limit of detection was found to be 4...
  87. ncbi [Synthesis of fluorine compounds based on special properties of fluorine compounds]
    Itsumaro Kumadaki
    Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, 45 1 Nagaotoge cho, Hirakata City 573 0101, Japan
    Yakugaku Zasshi 126:1059-85. 2006
    ..6) Reaction of halothane, which has a highly acidic hydrogen and two halogens adjacent to the trifluoromethyl group and shows interesting reactivities with various bases and metals to give ..
  88. ncbi Time dependence in mixture toxicity with soft electrophiles: 1. Combined effects of selected SN2- and SNAr-reactive agents with a nonpolar narcotic
    E M Gagan
    Department of Biology Toxicology, Ashland University, Ashland, OH 44805, USA
    Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 52:283-93. 2007
    ..electrophiles did or did not exceeded that predicted for baseline narcosis, the results suggested that the alpha-halogens elicited two toxic effects at the concentrations tested (reactivity and narcotizing effects), whereas toxicity ..
  89. ncbi Steric and electrostatic effects at the C2 atom substituent influence replication and miscoding of the DNA deamination product deoxyxanthosine and analogs by DNA polymerases
    Huidong Zhang
    Department of Biochemistry Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 0146, USA
    J Mol Biol 392:251-69. 2009
    ..Linear activity models show the effects of oxygen (dX) and the halogens at C2 on both DNA polymerases as mainly due to a combination of both steric and electrostatic factors, producing ..
  90. ncbi PBCDD and PBCDF from incineration of waste-containing brominated flame retardants
    Gunilla Söderström
    Environmental Chemistry, Umea University, Sweden
    Environ Sci Technol 36:1959-64. 2002
    ..Theoretical calculations show that there is more Br2 than Cl2 in the flue gas when the two halogens are present at equimolar levels, because chlorine is mainly found in the form of HCl...
  91. ncbi Sources and build up of Zn, Cd, Cr and Pb in the sludge of Gaza
    Basem Shomar
    Institute of Environmental Geochemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 236, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
    Environ Monit Assess 155:51-62. 2009
    ..All 32 tested parameters except zinc and adsorbable organic halogens were within the allowable values for sludge to be applied in agriculture...
  92. ncbi A standardized method for assessment of oxidative transformations of brominated phenols in water
    Patricia Moreira Bastos
    Department of Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
    Chemosphere 70:1196-202. 2008
    ..The reactions are temperature dependent. There is evidence that pK(a) and the substitution pattern of the halogens affects the rate of the reactions...
  93. ncbi Oxidation of NADH by chloramines and chloramides and its activation by iodide and by tertiary amines
    W A Prütz
    Institut für Molekulare Medizin und Zellforschung, Universitat Freiburg, Sektion Biophysik, Albertstrasse 23, Freiburg, D 79104, Germany
    Arch Biochem Biophys 393:297-307. 2001
    ..A compilation of rate constants for interactions of reactive halogen species with various substrates is presented and the concept of selective reactivity of N-halogens is discussed.
  94. ncbi Environmental fate and bioavailability of wood preservatives in freshwater sediments near an old sawmill site
    M Lyytikäinen
    Department of Biology, University of Joensuu, Finland
    Chemosphere 44:341-50. 2001
    ..To assess the contribution of a pulp mill further upstream, the concentration of extractable organic halogens (EOX) was analyzed...
  95. ncbi Jumbo squid beaks: inspiration for design of robust organic composites
    Ali Miserez
    Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
    Acta Biomater 3:139-49. 2007
    ..and histidine- and glycine-rich proteins (40-45%). Notably absent are mineral phases, metals and halogens. Despite being fully organic, beak hardness and stiffness are at least twice those of the most competitive ..
  96. ncbi Pseudomonas fluorescens' view of the periodic table
    Matthew L Workentine
    Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, Canada
    Environ Microbiol 10:238-50. 2008
    ..44 different metals with representative compounds that spanned every group of the periodic table (except for the halogens and noble gases)...
  97. ncbi [Role of H+ ATPases in plasma membranes of airway smooth muscle]
    G Pacheco
    Cátedra de Bioquímica y Patología General, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas
    Acta Cient Venez 44:111-9. 1993
    ..This activity was measured as a Cl- stimulated Mg2+ ATPase. This Cl- activating effect was also shared by others halogens as I- and Br- but not F-...
  98. ncbi X-ray absorption spectroscopic studies on model compounds for biological iodine and bromine
    Martin C Feiters
    Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecules and Materials IMM, Radboud University Nijmegen, 1 Toernooiveld, NL 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
    J Synchrotron Radiat 12:85-93. 2005
    ..There are differences both in the distances from the halogens to the first shell of C atoms, which are shorter for aromatic compounds, and in the patterns of shells in the ..
  99. ncbi Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195 reductively dechlorinates diverse chlorinated aromatic pollutants
    Donna E Fennell
    Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
    Environ Sci Technol 38:2075-81. 2004
    ..Harnessing microorganisms such as Dehalococcoides spp. that detoxify these compounds via removal of halogens may lead to cost-effective biotechnological approaches for remediation.
  100. ncbi Synthesis and biological activity of a new series of N6-arylcarbamoyl, 2-(Ar)alkynyl-N6-arylcarbamoyl, and N6-carboxamido derivatives of adenosine-5'-N-ethyluronamide as A1 and A3 adenosine receptor agonists
    P G Baraldi
    Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17 19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
    J Med Chem 41:3174-85. 1998
    ..b earing N-arylureas or N-arylcarboxamido groups at the purine 6 position and N-arylureas combined with halogens or alkynyl chains at the 2 position have been synthesized and tested for affinity at A1 and A2A adenosine ..
  101. ncbi Determination of heavy metals and halogens in plastics from electric and electronic waste
    Emmanouil Dimitrakakis
    Department of Environmental Engineering, Laboratory of Toxic and Hazardous Waste Management, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece
    Waste Manag 29:2700-6. 2009
    ..The content of sWEEE plastics in heavy metals and halogens is determined using handheld X-ray fluorescence analysis (HXRF), elemental analysis by means of atomic absorption ..

Research Grants99

  1. Synthesis and Study of Minimal Protein Folding Models: Molecular Torsion Balance
    CRAIG WILCOX; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..We seek to verify this prediction and quantify the differences. 3) The effects of halogens and the 'halogen bond' on conformation stability in water...
  2. Synthesis and Study of Minimal Protein Folding Models: Molecular Torsion Balance
    Craig S Wilcox; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..We seek to verify this prediction and quantify the differences. 3) The effects of halogens and the 'halogen bond'on conformation stability in water...
  3. Synthesis and Study of Minimal Protein Folding Models: Molecular Torsion Balance
    CRAIG WILCOX; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We seek to verify this prediction and quantify the differences. 3) The effects of halogens and the 'halogen bond' on conformation stability in water...
  4. The Removal of Disinfection Byoproducts from Water (1000-641)
    ARJAN GIAYA; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..POU and POE devices has the following advantages: Municipal treatment facilities can continue to use time-tested halogens as the primary and/or secondary means of disinfection, saving billions of dollars in infrastructure required to ..
  5. Mechanistic studies of pulmonary toxicity of styrene
    Jiang Zheng; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Our preliminary studies showed that para-substituted halogens "amplify" cytotoxicity of styrene...
  6. LIPOPHILIC ANTIFOLATES AND AIDS OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
    Andre Rosowsky; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..will be general enough to allow preparation of congeners with other ring substituents, including, for example, halogens. Target compounds will be evaluated for their ability to inhibit DHFR mammalian cell and from PC and TG to ..
  7. Mechanistic studies of pulmonary toxicity of styrene
    Jiang Zheng; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Our preliminary studies showed that para-substituted halogens "amplify" cytotoxicity of styrene...
  8. Mechanistic studies of pulmonary toxicity of styrene
    Jiang Zheng; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Our preliminary studies showed that para-substituted halogens "amplify" cytotoxicity of styrene...
  9. Oxidative Stress in Oral Streptococci
    Robert Marquis; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..zinc cations, benzimidazoles or other sulfhydryl-reacting agents, such as allicin, chelators, fluoride and other halogens, transition metal cations and oxidative antimicrobials...
  10. Oxidative Stress in Oral Streptococci
    Robert E Marquis; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..zinc cations, benzimidazoles or other sulfhydryl-reacting agents, such as allicin, chelators, fluoride and other halogens, transition metal cations and oxidative antimicrobials...
  11. Oxidative Coupling in Natural Product Synthesis
    Phil Baran; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..There are remarkable advantages to be gained in terms of efficiency (lack of protecting groups, halogens, disposable functional groups), practicality (extremely concise sequences), stereocontrol (complete ..
  12. Oxidative Coupling in Natural Product Synthesis
    Phil Baran; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..There are remarkable advantages to be gained in terms of efficiency (lack of protecting groups, halogens, disposable functional groups), practicality (extremely concise sequences), stereocontrol (complete ..
  13. NMR HIGH SENSITIVITY MOLECULAR STRUCTURE DETERMINATION
    REINHARD DUNKEL; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..Oxygen, sulfur, and most halogens are not NMR observable. But they influence the shift of surrounding observable atoms...
  14. Development of Heterosubstituted Organotrifluoroborates
    Gary A Molander; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ....
  15. Organotrifluoroborates in Selective Organic Synthesis
    Gary A Molander; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..In this way, new drug entities can be delivered to the public more rapidly and efficiently at lower cost. ..
  16. Development of Heterosubstituted Organotrifluoroborates
    GARY MOLANDER; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ....
  17. Coupling Reactions-Methods Development and Applications
    GARY MOLANDER; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..These types of transformations are anticipated to have broad generality and will thus prove valuable for the rapid, efficient, and unique assembly of complex organic molecules throughout the pharmaceutical industry and beyond. ..
  18. CATALYTIC PROCESSES FOR SELECTIVE ORGANIC SYTHESIS
    GARY MOLANDER; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..4) Cyclization reactions of polyolefins, dieneynes, enediynes, etc. involving sequential reactions wherein the cyclizations are terminated by silylation, boration, hydrogenolysis, or beta-hydride elimination. ..
  19. Agilent 5973 GC/MS System
    GARY MOLANDER; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..Our current lack of such instrumentation negatively affects the ability to carry out many of these studies. This critical capability, in the form of an instrument for everyday analysis, is urgently needed. ..
  20. INTRAMOLECULAR REDUCTIVE COUPLING REACTIONS
    GARY MOLANDER; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..The study of the mechanism of action of GPI-anchoring inhibitors may lead to therapies for parasitic protozoan infections. ..
  21. INTRAMOLECULAR REDUCTIVE COUPLING REACTIONS
    GARY MOLANDER; Fiscal Year: 1999
    ..develop more efficient and selective general methods for the synthesis of organic molecules that can be utilized by medicinal chemists, toxicologist, pharmacologists, and bioorganic chemists for the study of biologically active materials ..
  22. RATIONAL DESIGN OF CATALYSTS FOR C-C BOND FORMATION
    John Hartwig; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..abstract_text> ..
  23. Catalytic Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions
    John Hartwig; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..Experiments on catalytic reactions and single turnovers are presented that will test this proposal in efficient catalytic systems. ..
  24. Asymmetric Lewis Base Catalysis in Main Group Chemistry
    Scott Eric Denmark; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Already, catalysis is involved in the processing of nearly a trillion dollars worth of goods produced annually in the US, and our contribution is for chemical reactions for which there is currently no catalytic process. ..
  25. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN ORGANOCOPPER CHEMISTRY
    R Dieter; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..The proposed synthetic routes to pyrrolidine aza sugars will develop the potential synthetic power of alpha-aminoalkylcuprate chemistry. ..
  26. Metals in biology and Graduate Research Seminar
    Alison Butler; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..To ensure the best possible programs, it is important that the cost of participating in the conference not be an impediment to the attendance of the invited speakers and discussion chairs. ..
  27. Gordon Research Sponsored Conference on Cobalamins
    Ruma Banerjee; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ....
  28. TRANSITION METAL-CATALYZED SYNTHESIS OF AMINES AND ETHER
    John Hartwig; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..This information should enable us to design efficient hydroamination catalysts with broad substrate scope and to use mild reaction conditions for highly enantioselective hydroaminations. ..
  29. Late Metal-Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reaction of Enolate Nucleophiles
    John F Hartwig; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..We also plan to study the allylation processes using new classes of ligands that are isoelectronic with those in the active catalyst. ..
  30. Novel F-releasing Nanocomposite Reinforced by Zirconia Nanofibers
    Xiaoming Xu; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..These improved dental materials will reduce secondary caries and prolong the life of restorations. ..
  31. Amination and Etherification of Aryl Halides and Olefins
    John Hartwig; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..In addition, we will strive to develop conditions to add other nitrogen substrates to vinylarenes and to add amines to more substituted vinylarenes and simple alkenes. ..
  32. Investigations of the Bioinorganic Chemistry of Iron: New Siderophores
    Alison Butler; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ....
  33. THE BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY OF IRON
    Alison Butler; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..by marine bacteria differ from terrestrial bacteria. ..