sewage

..The anaerobic treatment led to a total removal of all tested pathogens. Thus, the microbiological quality of treated wastewater fits largely with WHO guidelines...

Untreated sewage samples from 12 cities in the United States were screened for the presence of recently characterized RNA and DNA viruses found at high prevalence in the stool specimens of South Asian children...

..In order to investigate the distribution of GIV strains in the environment, we analyzed sewage samples collected from five treatment plants, by using newly designed nested RT-PCR assays...

..e. search for infectious poliovirus in sewage samples...

The potential of accumulation of lipids by Lipomyces starkeyi when grown on sewage sludge was assessed. On a synthetic medium, accumulation of lipids strongly depended on the C/N ratio...

..could be shown to be produced by pure cultures of microorganisms which are representatives of the anaerobic sewage sludge microflora, i.e...

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..PCR and toxin gene profiles identified 174 isolates collected from the suspended sediments, surface water, and sewage influent as C. perfringens type A...

A prospective study was performed to characterize the main human enteric viruses able to persist in sewage samples and in shellfish tissues, and to establish the correlation between environmental strains and viral infantile diarrhoea ..

..During outbreaks in 2003 a unique strain of S. marcescens was identified in both human sewage and white pox lesions...

..Kpn13, Kpn17 and Kpn22), each having specificity against Klebsiella pneumoniae strain B5055, were isolated from sewage samples and characterized in terms of growth characteristics, genetic material, morphology and structural proteins...

To determine the occurrence of eight human enteric viruses in surface water and sewage samples from different geographical areas in Kenya.

..Israeli environmental surveillance of sewage from populations with high (>95%) documented vaccine coverage of confirmed efficacy identified two separate ..

b>Sewage workers provide an essential service in the protection of public and environmental health. However, they are exposed to varied mixtures of chemicals; some are known or suspected to be genotoxics or carcinogens...

..A total of 35 raw and 35 treated sewage samples collected at the same sampling time in four Hungarian sewage treatment plants during a survey in 2005 were ..

..In Italy, the true burden of HEV infection is unknown. Molecular HEV screening of raw sewage samples from 11 wastewater treatment plants yielded 19 positives (16%; 18 genotype I, 1 genotype III) evenly ..

To characterize major enteric viruses (enterovirus, rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus) in the sewage of Greater Cairo and to compare the results with clinical data collected during the same period.

..Therefore, by detecting enteroviruses in environmental specimens and sewage, we can understand this virus circulation, the approximate ratio of contaminated persons in society and they are ..

..Investigation of the effects of UV disinfection on wastewater effluent showed no reduction in the number of detectable tet(R) gene types...

..Identification of IncP-1alpha plasmids in bacteria of the waste-water treatment plant's final effluents indicates that bacteria carrying these kind of plasmids are released into the environment...

..Poliovirus rapidly evolves by nucleic acid substitutions and genetic recombination with other polioviruses and non-polio enteroviruses. Evolving oral poliovaccine can rapidly revert to neurovirulence and undergo antigenic alterations...

..HPyVs were detected in as little as 1 microl of sewage and were not amplified from dairy cow or pig wastes...

..45-microm non-protein-binding membranes. Furthermore, our data indicate that the Salmonella biotypes isolated after the enrichment culture change if bacteriophages are present, thus distorting the results of the analysis...

..A different pattern was observed in sludge samples, in which the dominance of PFOA decreased, and PFDA and PFUnDA increased, suggesting preferential partitioning of longer-chain PFCAs to sludge...

..Twenty of 46 (43.5%) urban sewage samples collected in Barcelona from 1994 to 2002 tested positive for HEV...

..However, new tools are nowadays available for the study and direct surveillance of viral pathogens in water that may contribute to fulfil these requirements...

..9 +/- 3.1% while Planctomycetes and Synergistes represented <2% each. Using the novel set of probes we extended the coverage of bacterial populations from 52% to 85.3% of the total rRNA within the digester samples...

..66 l per liter of UASB reactor was design operating at a 3.20 days retention time. Methane produced by the sludge digester is sufficient to maintain the temperature at 30 °C...

..Palaemon concinnus populations from one peri-urban (domestic sewage impacted) and two pristine mangrove creeks were studied by sampling nearly 100 shrimps per location every 15 days ..

..In this paper the reasons for this mistakenly assignment were analyzed and correction methods were proposed...

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..The presence of nitrate (commonly provided by nitrification) should be considered as a possible factor which helps to maintain the granulation process...

..analyses in concentrated water samples collected over 18 months at the entrance and exit of an activated sludge sewage treatment plant...

..These results indicate that the substrate removal kinetics and dissolved oxygen are more significant to granule formation than shear force...

Fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge was carried out under different reaction conditions, and its effects on bio-oil characteristics were studied...

Co-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge may be an attractive alternative for sustainable management of two separate waste streams produced in large amounts in all countries...

..We report here the discovery of novel viral sequences in human serum and sewage which are clearly related to the asfarvirus family but highly divergent from ASFV...

..nov. and Methanobacterium ferruginis sp. nov., with type strains Mic5c12(T) (=NBRC 105198(T) =DSM 22353(T)) and Mic6c05(T) (=NBRC 105197(T) =DSM 21974(T)), respectively...

A one-year survey was conducted to examine hepatitis A virus (HAV) prevalence, distribution of genotypes and their relationship to bacterial indicators in raw and treated sewage samples.

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To address the issue of human sewage reaching corals along the main reef of the Florida Keys, samples were collected from surface water, groundwater and coral [surface mucopolysaccharide layers (SML)] along a 10 km transect near Key Largo,..

..1 and GI.2, GII.1, and GIV.1) were detected from raw sewage from April 2006 to March 2008, while limited numbers of genotypes of NoV (GI.8, GII.4, GII.6, and GII...

Class 1 integrons and gene cassettes containing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in five different sewage treatment plants (STPs) were characterized and quantified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and quantitative real-..

Thyroid system-disrupting activity in effluents from municipal domestic sewage treatment plants was detected using three in vitro assays and one in vivo assay...

..LC-MS/MS), was developed for determination of 17 per- and polyfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) in digested sewage sludge...

The feasibility of adding crude glycerol from the biodiesel industry to the anaerobic digesters treating sewage sludge in wastewater treatment plants was studied in both batch and continuous experiments at 35 degrees C...

..determine whether the RV-A genotypes and cold seasonal pattern described in patients with diarrhea is reflected by sewage surveillance, which could be representative of the RV-A genotypes circulating in the population...

Activated sludge was sampled from 15 sewage treatment plants (STPs) across China and other global locations to investigate the occurrence, abundance and diversity of tetracycline resistance genes (tet) in the STPs...

..After exposing H295R cells to extracts of water, the expression of four steroidogenic genes and the production of three steroid hormones were measured...

..The present work has been focused to develop a sensitive and robust method for the analysis of 18 PFCs in sewage sludge, based on pressurized solvent extraction (PSE) followed by solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up, analytes ..

..The goal of this study was to compare two different methods to concentrate RV-A from sewage samples and to improve the detection and quantification of RV-A using a multiplex quantitative PCR assay with an ..

Water, sewage, and soil are potential sources of infection for Toxoplasma gondii. Therefore, we sought to determine the prevalence of T...

..Environmental data on deBDethane are scarce. Since sewage sludge is an early indicator of leakage of these chemicals into the environment, an international survey of ..

..Because interventions usually require local data on pollution impacts, we measured ecological responses to sewage discharges in Surin Marine Park, Thailand...

..A total of 96 samples of influent and effluents from three sewage treatment plants (STPs) were collected from November 2006 to October 2007...

..this study was to compare PLC/PRF/5 and BGM cell lines for use in a total culturable viral assay (TCVA) of treated sewage effluents...

..Our results demonstrated that microbial communities, even highly structured ones such as in UASB biogranules, are very capable of responding to rapid and major changes in their environment...

A Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic bacterial strain, designated MJ03(T), was isolated from sewage and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach...

..During the monitoring period, the sewage was characterised by a high COD(tot) of 905mg/l with a high fraction of COD(ss), viz. about 43...

The developed method enables the quantification of estrogens in sewage samples down to 1 ng/l and in river water down to 0.5 ng/l...

The goal of this study was to develop and test the efficacy of a PCR assay for the environmental detection of the nifH gene of Methanobrevibacter smithii, a methanogen found in human faeces and sewage.

The long-term impacts of Cu- and Zn-rich sewage sludge additions on the structure of the microbial community in a field under pasture were investigated using a combination of multiplex-terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (M-..

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..1 integrons were investigated for bacterial species isolated from the activated sludge of Nanjing Jiangxinzhou sewage treatment plant (STP, China)...

Activated sludges were sampled from five sewage treatment plants (STPs) distributed in three geographically isolated areas, i.e...

..Analyte recoveries were in the range of 39-120% and 88-126% for spiked sewage and sediment, respectively. Repeatability of replicate extractions was better than 13% relative standard deviation...

The detection of antibiotics and resistant bacteria in sewage treatment plants (STPs) has stimulated a discussion on the origin and selection of resistant bacteria during sewage treatment...

We evaluated the presence of various Beta-lactamase genes within the bacteriophages in sewage. Results showed the occurrence of phage particles carrying sequences of bla(OXA-2), bla(PSE-1) or bla(PSE-4) and bla(PSE)-type genes...

..The method may be applied for scanning a wide spectrum of polar organic compounds in environmental samples...

..The paper describes also some characteristics of DEAMOX sludge, as well as the preliminary results of its microbiological characterization...

..39 NH4(+)-N/COD. Intermediate products, such as nitrite-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen, were also analyzed to clarify the SND process with the aerobic granular sludge...

..57 mgS/mgN (stoichiometry of the sulphide-driven denitrification of nitrate to nitrite). The paper further describes some characteristics of the DEAMOX sludge as well as the preliminary results of its microbiological characterisation...

..At this point, SMA value was 200 ml CH(4)/g TVS d. It was concluded that the hybrid UASB reactor could be a suitable alternative for the treatment of chemical synthesis-based pharmaceutical wastewater...

..The denitrification efficiency was 99% in the same reactor. Total TN removal of the whole system was 99%...

..The granular structure in the acidogenic dominant zone of the GRABBR was susceptible to disintegration and flotation. Methanogenic granular sludge was a multi-layered structure with Methanosaeta-like organisms dominant in the core...

The Fukashiba Treatment Plant Kashima Rinkai Specified Sewage Works has received wastewater from the petrochemical complex (90%) and public sewage of Kamisu and Hasaki town (10%)...

..The model was obtained from tests that were carried out in laboratory reactors with 14 L capacity, which were operated at different temperatures (from 30 to 45 degrees C), with the same wastewater and conditions as the actual system...

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..33 kg m(-3) d(-1) and the permeate quality was always free of suspended solids or turbidity. Moreover, the permeate COD values were always lower than 60 mg l(-1) and small permeate coloration only appeared during malfunctioning periods...

..More effort should be invested to combine these novel processes (e.g., partial nitrification, ANAMMOX) to enhance nitrogen removal efficiency...

..No significant differences were observed between activated and inactivated sludge. The adsorption abilities of anaerobic activated/inactivated sludge were greater than those of anoxic activated/inactivated sludge...

..Final concentrations in the effluent of 1.8 mg phenols/L, 5.4 mg SCN/L, 206 mg COD/L and 78 mg N-NH(4)(+)/L were obtained...

..the resistance to hydraulic shock loads of flocculent versus granular sludge used in UASB reactors treating sewage with high solids content...

..0 kg COD/m(3) d. Validation of model predictions for treatment of synthetic wastewater and actual sewage reveals the efficacy of these models for enhancing granulation and COD removal efficiency.

This study observed the effects of two methods, aerobic mesophilic stabilization and lime hydrated stabilization of sewage sludge upon the survival of Salmonella typhimurium...

..Specific methanogenic activity of the sludge of control and test UASB reactor was 0.832 g CH(4) COD/g VSS d and 0.694 g CH(4) COD/g VSS d, respectively...

..81 and calcium concentration of 380.82 mg/l. Verification experiment of the estimated optimum conditions confirmed that the RSM was useful for optimizing the methane yield from effluent of bio-hydrogen fermentation of food waste...

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..Anaerobic granular sludges are demonstrated high tolerance for dissolved oxygen so that in practice this factor can be neglected...

..In terms of stability, UASB reactor was more suitable configuration compared with USFF reactor. The instability indices proved to be effective and explicit for the evaluation of ANAMMOX systems...

..Therefore, there is a need for further studies on how to solve these operating problems in full-scale bioaugmentation approach...

..2+/-3.7%, respectively. The large molecular weight fraction of MP in both U-MWW and An-MWW solutions were rapidly removed by acetogenic bacteria BP103, while the small molecular weight fractions of MP still remained in the effluent...

..The total energy saving of the new sanitation concept amounts to 200 MJ/year in comparison with conventional sanitation, moreover 0.14 kg P/p/year and 90 litres of potential reusable water are produced...

..The design approach is tested for two types of strong industrial wastewaters with different N contents and COD/N ratios and a typical domestic sewage for comparative evaluation.

..6% for phosphate, and 71% for nitrogen. Microscopic observations revealed a morphological diversity...

..Macrophyte lagooning did not show any definitive superiority as to nutrient removal when compared to microphyte lagooning. Microphyte lagooning was the most effective process in faecal indicators removal...

..94, more serious non-filamentous bulking occurred. Furthermore, the effects of nitrogen deficiency on the nitrogen sources and phosphorus sources utilization rate and the COD removal rate were investigated in the experiments...

..The results endorse the applicability of the system composed by UASB reactors followed by very shallow ponds in series, with low detention times...

..Nitrification and denitrification seem to be a major process of nitrogen removal in warm periods. Most of the phosphorus removal was observed to take place in the two polishing ponds...

..The results were compared to that of another similar system where the UASB reactor was maintained at 35 degrees C instead of at 55 degrees C...

..many times are not a reflection of serious contamination events that present a known health risk, such as human sewage overflows...

..to hypothesize that effective prevention of urban leptospirosis requires providing slum communities with adequate sewage and drainage systems...

..of TCP at Southern Sun (8a), and to demonstrate biomass production and remediation of a select pollutant in city sewage sludge at BioTech, Inc., Cayce SC (8b), and potentially in hog lagoons in Clinton, NC...

..is likely to increase infant morbidity and mortality, especially in environments where water quality and sewage treatment are not optimal...

..as well as potentially transmissible infections in family members, household animals, drinking water and sewage. Molecular information on genotyping will be integrated with clinical and epidemiologic information in a spatial ..

..Hypothesis: Bacterial species in the Dental sewage pipe biofilms include those from the oral biofilms (e.g...

..Mixtures of Nm. europaea, and complementary bacteria that reduce nitrite to nitrogen, are used in sewage treatment plants to eliminate excess ammonia from waste water...

..internet to seek assistance in conducting research into health problems that may be caused by land application of sewage sludge, and to educate citizens and government officials...

..internet to seek assistance in conducting research into health problems that may be caused by land application of sewage sludge, and to educate citizens and government officials...

..internet to seek assistance in conducting research into health problems that may be caused by land application of sewage sludge, and to educate citizens and government officials...

..in a wide variety of occupational settings, including textiles, grain processing, wood processing, animal confinement, sewage treatment, biotechnology, and clean-up of environmental disasters such as Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.

..control in a wide variety of occupational settings, including textiles, grain processing, wood processing, animal confinement, sewage treatment, biotechnology, and clean-up of environmental disasters such as Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.

..two superfund sites and an extensive network of leaking underground storage sites, abandoned landfills, the metro sewage treatment facility, and extensive residential septic systems...

..are waste water treatments, clean energy, remediation of toxic dump sites or oil spill, municipal or industrial sewage or effluent treatments, are the major areas of concern or study...