neuromuscular depolarizing agents

..Propofol-rocuronium is thought to be superior to thiopental-rocuronium for rapid sequence intubation (RSI). The role of the intubation model per se has never been investigated...

..It was concluded that D.A., administered intravenously, is neuroexcitatory and a powerful emetic at doses of 0.025 to 0.2 mg/kg. At higher doses (0.5 mg/kg intravenously and 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally), D.A. is strongly excitotoxic...

..The results of this study suggest that domoic acid is excitotoxic and causes a characteristic syndrome with clinical signs and histopathologic lesions similar to those reported for kainic acid...

..However, the sublethal persistent neurobehavioral toxicity appears to be less pervasive than reported effects following DA administered mid-gestation...

..This test also demonstrated the shortcomings of the Malignant Hyperthermia Clinical Grading Scale...

..Our study demonstrates that for complete neuromuscular paralysis and predictable laryngoscopy conditions, SCH 1 mg/kg total body weight is recommended...

..It is the opinion of the authors that timing but also drugs with a slow onset (e.g., alcuronium and Pancuronium) are obsolete in the context of RSI...

..We conclude that hyperkalemia may be more common in children with pyloric stenosis than previously thought. IMPLICATIONS: A significant number of infants with pyloric stenosis have a serum potassium value above the normal limit...

..Here we describe our experience with the Combitube (esophageal-tracheal twin-lumen airway device) as a salvage airway device for paramedic rapid sequence intubation...

..Agent selection criteria are discussed...

..To evaluate orotracheal intubation conditions after 1 min...

..Measuring the dibucaine number identifies patients who are at risk. This study shows the frequency distribution of dibucaine numbers routinely measured and discusses avoidable clinical problems and economic implications...

..To develop a training program enabling paramedics to use sedation and paralytic medications to facilitate endotracheal intubation in patients who otherwise could not be successfully intubated...

..There is no significant difference between these two drugs in reducing fasciculations moreover, these drugs can also prevent raised blood pressure and heart rate during intubation...

..We compared the intubating conditions and hemodynamic changes after the administration of rocuronium 0.6 mg kg(-1) and lidocaine 1.5 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium alone and succinylcholine 60 and 90 s after administration...

..1% increase (95% CI = 13.7-24.5) in the frequency of excellent ETI conditions. SCH appears to be superior to RCR in creating excellent ETI conditions and avoiding unacceptable ETI conditions...

..05). Mean apnoea time was 190 s in group S, and 362 s in group R (p<0.001). Heart rate increased in response to suxamethonium (p<0.01) and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased in the remifentanil group (p<0.01)...

..To assess the dose-dependent effect of low concentrations of isoflurane on respiratory mechanics in normal subjects...

..In conclusion, where succinylcholine is used, lidocaine is proven to be the useful pretreatment agent for the reduction of postoperative myalgia...

..Therefore, the monitoring of neuromuscular recovery plays an important role in the prevention of postoperative complications due to residual paralysis. In case of residual paralysis, cholinesterase inhibitors are suitable for reversal...

..We conclude that during rapid sequence induction of anesthesia in emergent cases, succinylcholine allows for a more rapid endotracheal intubation sequence and creates superior intubation conditions compared with rocuronium...

..The parturient awoke following an uneventful caesarean section with excellent pain relief and no recall. The baby had normal Apgar scores and umbilical blood gas measurements...

..v. induction drugs on tracheal intubation conditions and apnoea time after small-dose (0.6 mg kg(-1)) succinylcholine used to facilitate orotracheal intubation at an urban, university-affiliated community medical centre...

..SUMMARY: Though more research is needed, the available data allow for the development of protocols that will result in a rational, scenario-based approach to rapid sequence intubation in children...

..We report the management of a patient presenting in labor with HELLP syndrome, and describe the successful use of remifentanil as part of the anesthetic technique for her subsequent Cesarean section...

..In our setting and in our patients, the three myorelaxants produced immunosuppression of immune response mediators. The present study confirms that tests for allergy to myorelaxants are not indicated in the preoperative period...

..The neuromuscular effects of suxamethonium and rocuronium, and their effects on intraocular pressure (IOP), heart rate (HR) and arterial pressure were also recorded...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ephedrine administered prior to induction of anaesthesia on the onset time of succinylcholine for endotracheal intubation...

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..0012). CONCLUSION: Use of controlled ventilation with muscle relaxants and inhalation anesthesia provides an even and adequate depth of anesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy...

..We did not have difficulty in airway management either with tracheal intubation or rigid bronchoscopy, but we could not extubate the baby because of tracheomalacia...

..The patient experienced clear improvement and 2 days after the last treatment spontaneous labor commenced. A healthy boy was born by vaginal delivery...

..We present three novel mutations in the butyrylcholinesterase gene (BCHE) identified in three families in which a member had experienced severely prolonged duration of action of succinylcholine...

..To assess the utility of propofol and succinylcholine in obtaining optimal convulsions and assuring patient safety during electroconvulsive therapy...

..However, in most patients, pretreatment was associated with muscle weakness before loss of consciousness. Thus, there is no convincing evidence supporting routine pretreatment with succinylcholine...

..The average of 0.034 mmol/L in Group B was not significant {p value 0.06}. We advocate the use of magnesium pretreatment in all patients at risk of these complications...

..Once Org 25969 (sugammadex) is available to rapidly bind rocuronium and reverse its action, rocuronium may replace succinylcholine for rapid-sequence induction...

..Numerous reports confirm the performance of intradermal tests for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis during anesthesia; however, there is controversy over their diagnostic value regarding the newer neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs)...

..Amphetamine is a strong sympathomimetic and may therefore influence the course of anesthesia. We report the case of a patient with acute amphetamine abuse presenting difficulties during anesthesia...

..The purpose of this article is to delineate the clinical picture of this disease, its treatment, and the effect on the mother and the fetus...

..A brief period of lower mean heart rate in the CPAP group was the only statistically significant difference in cardiovascular parameters. There was no significant difference in the volume of gastric gas after induction between groups...

..To determine whether the intubation conditions created by rocuronium are equivalent to those of succinylcholine during rapid-sequence induction (RSI)...

..Prompt recognition and treatment of this potentially catastrophic disease may avert injury to the patient and neonate...

..To describe the current evidence-based knowledge of the causes, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of patients with anaphylaxis associated with surgical and interventional procedures...

..These receptor changes very likely reflect increased synaptogenesis in the muscles of paralyzed embryos which in turn may act to reduce motoneuron death by providing increased access to muscle-derived neurotrophic molecules...

..Tetraethyl- and tetrabutylammonium ions proved to be effective antagonists of succinylcholine block following inactivation of plasma cholinesterases by hexafluorenium...

..The present study affirms the preventive effect of these drugs on intraocular pressure increase...

..Our aim was to report the case of a delayed reaction to suxamethonium and analyze specific T cell lines with regard to their specificity, phenotype and cytokine profile...

..To evaluate the efficacy of a manual jet ventilation device for bronchoscopic removal of foreign bodies in children...

..v. sugammadex application...

..Cells expose phosphatidylserine during apoptosis. The voltage across the plasma membrane also decreases or disappears during apoptosis, but the physiological significance of this is unknown...

..Surgery may be considered only in a very limited number of cases, lack of response to the first line treatment and then only if it is the absolute diagnosis, diagnosis which must remain a diagnosis of exception, more so of exclusion...

..The presence of ring fibers in this patient might indicate muscle regeneration, suggesting a recovery process from the MH episode...

..The mAb-based cdELISA and immunostrip assay established in this study were sensitive and accurate for rapid screening of domoic acid in shellfish samples...

..To compare 4 different anesthesia induction protocols, in a simulated model of rapid-sequence induction, in controlled hypertensive patients...

..This report reinforces the need to identify risk factors for hyperkalaemia before administration of suxamethonium, even when serum potassium levels are normal...

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..To asses the effects of Rocuronium pretreatment on Succinylcholine induced Fasciculations and postoperative Myalgias...

..Therefore, supraglottic airway devices should be applied with caution during general anesthesia with remifentanil and sevoflurane without muscle relaxant...

..The goal of this study was to determine if ephedrine could improve intubating conditions when it is administered before the muscle relaxant (rocuronium and succinylcholine)...

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..The exact mechanism of succinylcholine as an MH trigger cannot be examined in existing in vitro models. Therefore, a novel in vivo model was used to examine the metabolic response to succinylcholine...

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..Replacing succinylcholine with mivacurium seemed to be a successful strategy in preventing bradycardia during the final 9 ECT sessions...

..Neither the patient nor the anaesthetist was aware of the diagnosis before this potentially lethal complication occurred...

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..The objective of this study was to determine if landiolol, ultra short-acting beta adrenoceptor antagonist, attenuates the prolongation of QT interval caused by electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)...

..The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the incidence and further define the anesthetic complications in this population...

..Thus, by acting at the binding site pyrantel activates mammalian AChRs with low efficacy, and by sterical blockade of the pore, the activated channels are then rapidly inhibited...

..To determine the influence of two different pretreatment intervals, i.e. 3 and 6 min, on the efficacy of 0.01 mg/kg cisatracurium in preventing succinylcholine-induced fasciculations and myalgia...

..The concentration or dilution effect, due to decreases or increases in biomass, documented for other species and toxins, has little importance in Pecten maximus...

..In the anesthetic management of patients with acute OP poisoning, succinylcholine should be avoided...

..This glutamatergic pathway may play a role in nematode locomotory behaviour and account for the paralysing anthelmintic action of excitatory amino acid analogues like kainate and domoate...

..e. physicians working on board ambulances. A quality control programme focusing on anaesthesia was instituted to improve the time taken to perform endotracheal intubation...

..Cisatracurium is described as the nondepolarizing muscle relaxant of choice for medium-to-long-term surgery on hemodynamically unstable patients or those with kidney or liver disease, and for neuromuscular blockade in intensive care...

..We discuss the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the case, the diagnostic approach, the preoperative and intraoperative management and the postoperative course...

..These results support a functional role for vesamicol receptors in modulating central cholinergic transmission in vivo...

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..The various options are discussed and the involvement of experienced personnel together with a clear preformulated plan of action is stressed...

..We projected an inquiry about the incidence rate and type of severe anaesthetic complications in an utmost large number of patients and families with Duchenne (DMD) and Becker type (BMD) muscular dystrophy...

..In conclusion, based on results with a microdialysis technique, we suggest that domoic acid may act through AMPA/kainate receptors in striatum...

..We conclude that a more rapid hydrolysis of SuCh in elephant plasma is one factor that contributes to the longer time to death compared to impala...

..However, a few derivatives of 6 displayed higher affinity for the dopamine transporter than cocaine. We conclude that modification of the piperidyl fragment of 1 will not lead to more potent vesicular acetylcholine transporter ligands...

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..The findings from these novel experiments in middle-aged monkeys will significantly advance our understanding of the effects of different ovarian hormone therapies on cognitive and neurobiological profiles of primates. ..

..Our understanding of the neurobiology of persistent jaw pain will be improved by the use of new animal models that consider these known risk factors. ..

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..The findings from these novel experiments in middle-aged monkeys will significantly advance our understanding of the effects of ovarian hormone therapy on cognitive and neurobiological profiles of primates. ..

..This information may lead to a better understanding of how the brain integrates pain-like signals relevant for TMD in women ..

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..The results of this study will promote more effective and safer treatment of the most severely ill depressed patients. ..

..The forum will provide an opportunity for methodological and theoretical issues to be integrated in the context of each talk as well as in a discussion session at the end of the symposium. ..

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..This proposal focuses on the spinal trigeminal system as a model to assess the degree of overlap between the sensory- discriminative and the autonomic aspects of nociception...

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..The shorter term goal is to define the involvement of opiate and vagal afferent nerve mechanisms at the level of the trigeminal brainstem complex that may have analgesic effects after inflammation of the TMJ region. ..