antioxidants

Summary

Summary: Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance
    Ron Mittler
    Dept of Botany, Plant Sciences Institute, 353 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
    Trends Plant Sci 7:405-10. 2002
  2. ncbi PCB (Aroclor 1254) enhances oxidative damage in rat brain regions: protective role of ascorbic acid
    Prabhu Venkataraman
    Department of Endocrinology, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
    Neurotoxicology 28:490-8. 2007
  3. ncbi Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease
    Marian Valko
    Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
    Int J Biochem Cell Biol 39:44-84. 2007
  4. ncbi Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer
    M Valko
    Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
    Chem Biol Interact 160:1-40. 2006
  5. ncbi Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome
    Shigetada Furukawa
    Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Organismal Biosystems, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
    J Clin Invest 114:1752-61. 2004
  6. ncbi Antioxidants prevent health-promoting effects of physical exercise in humans
    Michael Ristow
    Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, University of Jena, Jena D 07743, Germany
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:8665-70. 2009
  7. ncbi Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now?
    Barry Halliwell
    Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
    J Neurochem 97:1634-58. 2006
  8. ncbi Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: a review
    A C Maritim
    Moi University, College of Health Sciences, Eldoret, Kenya
    J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17:24-38. 2003
  9. ncbi Reactive oxygen species have a causal role in multiple forms of insulin resistance
    Nicholas Houstis
    Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
    Nature 440:944-8. 2006
  10. ncbi Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production
    Scott K Powers
    Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
    Physiol Rev 88:1243-76. 2008

Research Grants

  1. DETOXIFICATION OF XENOBIOTICS IN OCULAR TISSUES
    YOGESH AWASTHI; Fiscal Year: 1993
  2. The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dys
    Ula V Jurkunas; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. Treatment of SLE with N-acetylcysteine
    Andras Perl; Fiscal Year: 2010
  4. PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY TRAINING GRANT
    Harry Koo; Fiscal Year: 2003
  5. Role of Glutathione S-Transferase P in Heart Failure
    Sumanth D Prabhu; Fiscal Year: 2010
  6. Impact of obesity on airway responses to air pollution
    Stephanie A Shore; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. Prevention of Inherited Retinal Diseases by Therapeutic Rare Earth Nanoparticles
    JAMES FRANCIS MCGINNIS; Fiscal Year: 2010
  8. Prevention of Inherited Retinal Diseases by Therapeutic Rare Earth Nanoparticles
    James McGinnis; Fiscal Year: 2009
  9. DETOXIFICATION OF XENOBIOTICS IN OCULAR TISSUES
    YOGESH AWASTHI; Fiscal Year: 1992
  10. Mechanisms and Prevention of Etoposide-Induced Leukemia
    Jack Yalowich; Fiscal Year: 2009

Detail Information

Publications282 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance
    Ron Mittler
    Dept of Botany, Plant Sciences Institute, 353 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
    Trends Plant Sci 7:405-10. 2002
    ..ROIs) were considered to be toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism, which were disposed of using antioxidants. However, in recent years, it has become apparent that plants actively produce ROIs as signaling molecules to ..
  2. ncbi PCB (Aroclor 1254) enhances oxidative damage in rat brain regions: protective role of ascorbic acid
    Prabhu Venkataraman
    Department of Endocrinology, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
    Neurotoxicology 28:490-8. 2007
    ..Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (..
  3. ncbi Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease
    Marian Valko
    Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
    Int J Biochem Cell Biol 39:44-84. 2007
    ..of free radical generation; (ii) damage to DNA, to proteins, and to lipids by free radicals; (iii) role of antioxidants (e.g...
  4. ncbi Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer
    M Valko
    Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
    Chem Biol Interact 160:1-40. 2006
    ..of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (Vitamin C, Vitamin E, carotenoids, thiol antioxidants (glutathione, thioredoxin and lipoic acid), flavonoids, ..
  5. ncbi Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome
    Shigetada Furukawa
    Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Organismal Biosystems, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
    J Clin Invest 114:1752-61. 2004
    ....
  6. ncbi Antioxidants prevent health-promoting effects of physical exercise in humans
    Michael Ristow
    Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, University of Jena, Jena D 07743, Germany
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:8665-70. 2009
    ..However, exercise also increases mitochondrial formation of presumably harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidants are widely used as supplements but whether they affect the health-promoting effects of exercise is unknown...
  7. ncbi Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now?
    Barry Halliwell
    Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
    J Neurochem 97:1634-58. 2006
    ..After a long lag period, therapeutic and other interventions based on a knowledge of redox biology are on the horizon for at least some of the neurodegenerative diseases...
  8. ncbi Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: a review
    A C Maritim
    Moi University, College of Health Sciences, Eldoret, Kenya
    J Biochem Mol Toxicol 17:24-38. 2003
    ....
  9. ncbi Reactive oxygen species have a causal role in multiple forms of insulin resistance
    Nicholas Houstis
    Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, USA
    Nature 440:944-8. 2006
    ..Together, our findings suggest that increased ROS levels are an important trigger for insulin resistance in numerous settings...
  10. ncbi Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production
    Scott K Powers
    Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
    Physiol Rev 88:1243-76. 2008
    ..Ongoing research continues to probe the mechanisms by which oxidants influence skeletal muscle contractile properties and to explore interventions capable of protecting muscle from oxidant-mediated dysfunction...
  11. ncbi Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)
    Scott M Lippman
    Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    JAMA 301:39-51. 2009
    ..Secondary analyses of 2 randomized controlled trials and supportive epidemiologic and preclinical data indicated the potential of selenium and vitamin E for preventing prostate cancer...
  12. ncbi Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis
    Goran Bjelakovic
    The Cochrane Hepato Biliary Group, Copenhagen Trial Unit, Center for Clinical Intervention Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
    JAMA 297:842-57. 2007
    ..Antioxidant supplements are used for prevention of several diseases...
  13. ncbi Flavonoids as antioxidants
    P G Pietta
    Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, National Council of Research Via F lli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate Mi, Italy
    J Nat Prod 63:1035-42. 2000
    ..They act in plants as antioxidants, antimicrobials, photoreceptors, visual attractors, feeding repellants, and for light screening...
  14. ncbi Moderate exercise is an antioxidant: upregulation of antioxidant genes by training
    Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
    Free Radic Biol Med 44:126-31. 2008
    ..We have found that interfering with free radical metabolism with antioxidants may hamper useful adaptations to training.
  15. ncbi The Nrf2 system as a potential target for the development of indirect antioxidants
    Kyeong Ah Jung
    College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk do 712 749, Korea
    Molecules 15:7266-91. 2010
    ..In this review, we discuss the role of the Nrf2 system, with particular focus on Nrf2-controlled target genes and the potential pleiotropic effects of Nrf2 activation of indirect antioxidants.
  16. ncbi The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse
    G P Lim
    Departments of Medicine and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
    J Neurosci 21:8370-7. 2001
    ..Microgliosis was also suppressed in neuronal layers but not adjacent to plaques. In view of its efficacy and apparent low toxicity, this Indian spice component shows promise for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease...
  17. ncbi Chronic oxidative stress as a central mechanism for glucose toxicity in pancreatic islet beta cells in diabetes
    R Paul Robertson
    Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA
    J Biol Chem 279:42351-4. 2004
  18. ncbi Cell survival responses to environmental stresses via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway
    Thomas W Kensler
    Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 47:89-116. 2007
    ..This review highlights the key elements in this adaptive response to protection against acute and chronic cell injury provoked by environmental stresses...
  19. ncbi Peroxiredoxins: a historical overview and speculative preview of novel mechanisms and emerging concepts in cell signaling
    Sue Goo Rhee
    Laboratory of Cell Signaling, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    Free Radic Biol Med 38:1543-52. 2005
    ..This reversible overoxidation may represent an adaptation unique to eukaryotic cells that accommodates the intracellular messenger function of H(2)O(2), but experimental validation of such speculation is yet to come...
  20. ncbi Mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death
    Martin Ott
    Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
    Apoptosis 12:913-22. 2007
    ..Conversely, mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes protect from apoptosis. Hence, there is accumulating evidence supporting a direct link between mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death...
  21. ncbi Antioxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds
    M P Kähkönen
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Division of Food Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FIN 00014, Helsinki, Finland
    J Agric Food Chem 47:3954-62. 1999
    ..In addition, potato peel and beetroot peel extracts showed strong antioxidant effects. To utilize these significant sources of natural antioxidants, further characterization of the phenolic composition is needed.
  22. ncbi The Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway and its activation by oxidative stress
    Truyen Nguyen
    Schering Plough Research Institute, Summit, New Jersey 07901, USA
    J Biol Chem 284:13291-5. 2009
    ..In addition, a possible role of the Nrf2-antioxidant response element transcriptional pathway in neuroprotection will also be discussed...
  23. ncbi Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, and the mammalian thioredoxin system
    J Nordberg
    Medical Nobel Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
    Free Radic Biol Med 31:1287-312. 2001
    ..Dinitrohalobenzenes constitute a unique class of immunostimulatory TrxR inhibitors and we consider the immunomodulatory effects of dinitrohalobenzene compounds in view of their reactions with the Trx system...
  24. ncbi Mechanism of human SIRT1 activation by resveratrol
    Margie T Borra
    Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
    J Biol Chem 280:17187-95. 2005
    ..We propose that binding of resveratrol to SIRT1 promotes a conformational change that better accommodates the attached coumarin group...
  25. ncbi Reactive species and antioxidants. Redox biology is a fundamental theme of aerobic life
    Barry Halliwell
    Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
    Plant Physiol 141:312-22. 2006
  26. ncbi Oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs: mechanisms, measurements and interpretation
    Pat Monaghan
    Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, UK
    Ecol Lett 12:75-92. 2009
    ..is currently used somewhat loosely by many ecologists, and the erroneous assumption often made that dietary antioxidants are necessarily the major line of defence against ROS-induced damage...
  27. ncbi Oxidative stress and stress-activated signaling pathways: a unifying hypothesis of type 2 diabetes
    Joseph L Evans
    University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
    Endocr Rev 23:599-622. 2002
    ..Studies with antioxidants such as vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, and N-acetylcysteine suggest that new strategies may become available to ..
  28. ncbi Nrf2-Keap1 defines a physiologically important stress response mechanism
    Hozumi Motohashi
    Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology-Japan Science and Technology Corporation, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
    Trends Mol Med 10:549-57. 2004
    ..Furthermore, extensive studies have suggested that the Nrf2-Keap1 system contributes to protection against various pathologies, including carcinogenesis, liver toxicity, respiratory distress and inflammation...
  29. ncbi Antioxidant enzymes and human diseases
    J M Mates
    Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Spain
    Clin Biochem 32:595-603. 1999
    ..Therefore, when oxidative stress arises as a consequence of a pathologic event, a defense system promotes the regulation and expression of these enzymes...
  30. ncbi Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review
    Olga Blokhina
    Department of Biosciences, Division of Plant Physiology, Viikki Biocenter, FIN-00014 Helsinki University, Finland
    Ann Bot (Lond) 91:179-94. 2003
    ..The formation of ROS is prevented by an antioxidant system: low molecular mass antioxidants (ascorbic acid, glutathione, tocopherols), enzymes regenerating the reduced forms of antioxidants, and ROS-..
  31. ncbi Production of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria: central role of complex III
    Qun Chen
    Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
    J Biol Chem 278:36027-31. 2003
    ..In mitochondria, complex III is the principal site for ROS generation during the oxidation of complex I substrates, and rotenone protects by limiting electron flow into complex III...
  32. ncbi Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress
    M Valko
    Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
    Curr Med Chem 12:1161-208. 2005
    ..b>Antioxidants (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic) provide protection against deleterious metal-mediated free radical attacks...
  33. ncbi Regulation of oxidative stress by ATM is required for self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells
    Keisuke Ito
    Department of Cell Differentiation, The Sakaguchi Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano machi, Shinjuku ku, Tokyo 160 8582, Japan
    Nature 431:997-1002. 2004
    ..These results show that the self-renewal capacity of HSCs depends on ATM-mediated inhibition of oxidative stress...
  34. ncbi Vitamin E and the risk of prostate cancer: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)
    Eric A Klein
    Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
    JAMA 306:1549-56. 2011
    ..Longer follow-up and more prostate cancer events provide further insight into the relationship of vitamin E and prostate cancer...
  35. ncbi Oral administration of vitamin C decreases muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and hampers training-induced adaptations in endurance performance
    Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
    Am J Clin Nutr 87:142-9. 2008
    ..There is, however, considerable debate regarding the beneficial health effects of vitamin C supplementation...
  36. ncbi The antioxidants and pro-antioxidants network: an overview
    Silvia Vertuani
    Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
    Curr Pharm Des 10:1677-94. 2004
    ..Levels of these species are controlled by the antioxidant defence system, which is composed by antioxidants and pro-antioxidants. Several components of this system are micronutrients (e.g...
  37. ncbi Molecular mechanisms of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response
    Wenge Li
    Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    Mol Carcinog 48:91-104. 2009
    ..Free floating Nrf2 protein functions as a redox-sensitive probe. Keap1 instead functions as a gate keeper to control the availability of Nrf2 probes and thus regulates the overall sensitivity of the redox signaling...
  38. ncbi Are polyphenols antioxidants or pro-oxidants? What do we learn from cell culture and in vivo studies?
    Barry Halliwell
    Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, University Hall, Lee Kong Chian Wing, UHL 05 02G, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore
    Arch Biochem Biophys 476:107-12. 2008
    ..Many studies of the biological effects of polyphenols in cell culture have been affected by their ability to oxidise in culture media, and awareness of this problem can avoid erroneous claims...
  39. ncbi Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species
    Julio F Turrens
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
    J Physiol 552:335-44. 2003
    ..We also discuss various physiological and pathological scenarios resulting from an increased steady state concentration of mitochondrial oxidants...
  40. ncbi Antioxidants in photosynthesis and human nutrition
    Barbara Demmig-Adams
    Department of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 0334, USA
    Science 298:2149-53. 2002
    ..The pathways that synthesize these compounds are becoming amenable to genetic manipulation, which may yield benefits as widespread as improved plant stress tolerance and improved human physical and mental health...
  41. ncbi Age-related macular degeneration
    Hanna R Coleman
    Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
    Lancet 372:1835-45. 2008
    ....
  42. ncbi Biological activities of sulfated polysaccharides from tropical seaweeds
    L S Costa
    UFRN, Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais Biopol, Centro de Biociencias, Departamento de Bioquimica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av Sen Salgado Filho, 3000, 59072970 Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
    Biomed Pharmacother 64:21-8. 2010
    ....
  43. ncbi Flavonoids: antioxidants or signalling molecules?
    Robert J Williams
    Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, GKT School of Biomedical Sciences, King s College London, Guy s Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
    Free Radic Biol Med 36:838-49. 2004
    ..an emerging view that flavonoids, and their in vivo metabolites, do not act as conventional hydrogen-donating antioxidants but may exert modulatory actions in cells through actions at protein kinase and lipid kinase signalling ..
  44. ncbi Toxic metals and oxidative stress part I: mechanisms involved in metal-induced oxidative damage
    N Ercal
    University of Missouri Rolla, Department of Chemistry, 65409 0010, USA
    Curr Top Med Chem 1:529-39. 2001
    ..redox cycling whereas redox-inactive metals, such as lead, cadmium, mercury and others deplete cells' major antioxidants, particularly thiol-containing antioxidants and enzymes...
  45. ncbi Mitochondrial injury, oxidative stress, and antioxidant gene expression are induced by hepatitis C virus core protein
    Michiari Okuda
    Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0641, USA
    Gastroenterology 122:366-75. 2002
    ..These results provide new insight into the pathogenesis of hepatitis C and provide an experimental rationale for investigation of antioxidant therapy...
  46. ncbi Identification of the NF-E2-related factor-2-dependent genes conferring protection against oxidative stress in primary cortical astrocytes using oligonucleotide microarray analysis
    Jong Min Lee
    School of Pharmacy, Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
    J Biol Chem 278:12029-38. 2003
    ....
  47. ncbi Method for the measurement of antioxidant activity in human fluids
    D Koracevic
    Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University Clinical Center, Nis, Yugoslavia
    J Clin Pathol 54:356-61. 2001
    ..To develop a new, simple, and cheap method for estimating antioxidant activity in human fluids...
  48. ncbi Evidence of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease brain and antioxidant therapy: lights and shadows
    Domenico Pratico
    Department of Pharmacology, Temple University, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
    Ann N Y Acad Sci 1147:70-8. 2008
    ..This article will review both promises and caveats of the available data and propose future directions to be taken for addressing them...
  49. ncbi Consumption of flavonoid-rich foods and increased plasma antioxidant capacity in humans: cause, consequence, or epiphenomenon?
    Silvina B Lotito
    Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 571 Weniger Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
    Free Radic Biol Med 41:1727-46. 2006
    ..These observations led to the hypothesis that dietary flavonoids play a significant role as antioxidants in vivo, thereby reducing chronic disease risk...
  50. ncbi Vitamin E, antioxidant and nothing more
    Maret G Traber
    Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 6512, USA
    Free Radic Biol Med 43:4-15. 2007
    ..it seems unlikely that these pathways are specifically under the control of alpha-tocopherol given that various antioxidants other than alpha-tocopherol and various oxidative stressors can manipulate their responses...
  51. ncbi Oncogene-induced Nrf2 transcription promotes ROS detoxification and tumorigenesis
    Gina M DeNicola
    Li Ka Shing Centre, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
    Nature 475:106-9. 2011
    ..Thus, the Nrf2 antioxidant and cellular detoxification program represents a previously unappreciated mediator of oncogenesis...
  52. ncbi Oxidant and antioxidant balance in the airways and airway diseases
    Irfan Rahman
    Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Lung Biology and Disease, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 850, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
    Eur J Pharmacol 533:222-39. 2006
    ..The lungs are therefore endowed with an armamentarium of a battery of endogenous agents called antioxidants. The antioxidant species help the lungs ward off the deleterious consequences of a wide variety of oxidants/..
  53. ncbi Beneficial effects of green tea--a review
    Carmen Cabrera
    Departamento de Nutricion y Bromatologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain
    J Am Coll Nutr 25:79-99. 2006
    ..Catechins are in vitro and in vivo strong antioxidants. In addition, its content of certain minerals and vitamins increases the antioxidant potential of this type of ..
  54. ncbi Function of marine carotenoids
    Kazuo Miyashita
    Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan
    Forum Nutr 61:136-46. 2009
    ..The key structure of carotenoids for the expression of antiobesity effect was suggested to be carotenoid end of the polyene chromophore containing an allenic bond and two hydroxyl groups...
  55. ncbi Oxidative stress markers in aqueous humor of glaucoma patients
    Sandra M Ferreira
    Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Quimica y Fisicoquimica Biologica, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
    Am J Ophthalmol 137:62-9. 2004
    ..For this purpose the authors measured the total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase...
  56. ncbi Neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress
    Kevin J Barnham
    Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Victoria 3010, Australia
    Nat Rev Drug Discov 3:205-14. 2004
    ..However, this same complexity provides a number of therapeutic targets, and different strategies, including novel metal-protein attenuating compounds, aimed at a variety of targets have shown promise in clinical studies...
  57. ncbi Flavonoid antioxidants
    C Rice-Evans
    Antioxidant Research Group, Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, Guy s, King s and St Thomas School of Biomedical Sciences, Hodgkin Building, Guy s Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK
    Curr Med Chem 8:797-807. 2001
    In order to ascertain the role of dietary flavonoids as antioxidants in vivo it is necessary to understand the chemical nature of the absorbed forms in the circulation in vivo and how the multiplicity of research findings in vitro reflect ..
  58. ncbi Nrf2 signaling in coordinated activation of antioxidant gene expression
    Anil K Jaiswal
    Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Free Radic Biol Med 36:1199-207. 2004
    ..The future studies should also reveal a complete mechanism of signal transduction from antioxidants and xenobiotics to the transcription factors, such as Nrf2, that bind to ARE.
  59. ncbi Cancer chemoprevention mechanisms mediated through the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway
    John D Hayes
    Biomedical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
    Antioxid Redox Signal 13:1713-48. 2010
    ....
  60. ncbi Resveratrol induces glutathione synthesis by activation of Nrf2 and protects against cigarette smoke-mediated oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells
    Aruna Kode
    Department of Environmental Medicine, Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 850, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
    Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 294:L478-88. 2008
    ..These data may have implications in dietary modulation of antioxidants in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  61. ncbi Vitamins E and C in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: the Physicians' Health Study II randomized controlled trial
    Howard D Sesso
    Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women s Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave E, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    JAMA 300:2123-33. 2008
    ..However, few long-term trials have evaluated men at initially low risk of cardiovascular disease, and no previous trial in men has examined vitamin C alone in the prevention of cardiovascular disease...
  62. ncbi Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of Helichrysum longifolium DC
    Olayinka A Aiyegoro
    Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group AEMREG, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
    BMC Complement Altern Med 10:21. 2010
    ..A lot of researches are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plants origins...
  63. ncbi Reactive oxygen species in mitochondria-mediated cell death
    Sten Orrenius
    Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
    Drug Metab Rev 39:443-55. 2007
    ..Taken together, these findings have placed the mitochondria in the focus of current cell death research...
  64. ncbi Coordinate regulation of glutathione biosynthesis and release by Nrf2-expressing glia potently protects neurons from oxidative stress
    Andy Y Shih
    Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
    J Neurosci 23:3394-406. 2003
    ..Neuroprotection was not limited to overexpression of Nrf2, because activation of endogenous glial Nrf2 by the small molecule ARE inducer, tert-butylhydroquinone, also protected against oxidative glutamate toxicity...
  65. ncbi Antioxidants inhibit nuclear export of telomerase reverse transcriptase and delay replicative senescence of endothelial cells
    Judith Haendeler
    Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
    Circ Res 94:768-75. 2004
    ..1 micromol/L), had also effects similar to those of N-acetylcysteine. We conclude that both antioxidants and statins can delay the onset of replicative senescence by counteracting the increased ROS production linked ..
  66. ncbi Antioxidant response to oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise
    Antoni Aguilo
    Laboratori de Ciències de l Activitat Física and Department de Biologia Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut, Edifici Guillem Colom, Facultat de Ciencies, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Balears, Spain
    Physiol Behav 84:1-7. 2005
    ..A specific utilisation of alpha-tocopherol against oxidative stress during recovery was evidenced...
  67. ncbi Ethanol-dependent toxicity in zebrafish is partially attenuated by antioxidants
    Mark J Reimers
    Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
    Neurotoxicol Teratol 28:497-508. 2006
    ..if oxidative stress underlies cardiovascular dysfunction, embryos were co-exposed to ethanol and several antioxidants. The antioxidants, glutathione and lipoic acid, partially attenuated the incidence of pericardial edema...
  68. ncbi Autoxidation and neurotoxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine in the presence of some antioxidants: potential implication in relation to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease
    R Soto-Otero
    Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
    J Neurochem 74:1605-12. 2000
    ..In this study we examine the effects of the antioxidants ascorbic acid (AA), glutathione (GSH), cysteine (CySH), and N-acetyl-CySH (NAC) on the autoxidation and ..
  69. ncbi Fucoidan protects against dopaminergic neuron death in vivo and in vitro
    Dingzhen Luo
    Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
    Eur J Pharmacol 617:33-40. 2009
    ..Taken together, these findings suggest that fucoidan has protective effect in MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in this model of Parkinson's disease via its antioxidative activity...
  70. ncbi Reactive oxygen species promote TNFalpha-induced death and sustained JNK activation by inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatases
    Hideaki Kamata
    Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
    Cell 120:649-61. 2005
    ..Antioxidant treatment also prevents TNFalpha-mediated fulminant liver failure without affecting liver regeneration...
  71. ncbi Laboratory and clinical studies of cancer chemoprevention by antioxidants in berries
    Gary David Stoner
    Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio StateUniversity, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
    Carcinogenesis 29:1665-74. 2008
    ..Interception of ROS or limiting their cellular effects is a major role of antioxidants. Due to their content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, berries exhibit high antioxidant potential, ..
  72. ncbi Red blood cell membrane essential fatty acid metabolism in early psychotic patients following antipsychotic drug treatment
    D R Evans
    Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, GA, USA
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 69:393-9. 2003
    ..These data also support the augmentation of antipsychotic treatment by supplementation with a combination of antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids.
  73. ncbi Oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders: evidence base and therapeutic implications
    Felicity Ng
    Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Barwon Health, University of Melbourne, Geelong, Vic, Australia
    Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 11:851-76. 2008
    ..of oxidative research, including oxidative marker assays, psychopharmacology studies, and clinical trials of antioxidants. For bipolar disorder and depression, a solid foundation for oxidative stress hypotheses has been provided by ..
  74. ncbi Biotechnological production of lutein and its applications
    José M Fernández-Sevilla
    Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almeria, La Canada de San Urbano, Almeria 04120, Spain
    Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 86:27-40. 2010
    ..It is suggested that, in the current state of the art, microalgae could compete with marigold even without counting on any of the improvements in microalgal technology that can be expected in the near future...
  75. ncbi High oxidative damage levels in the longest-living rodent, the naked mole-rat
    Blazej Andziak
    Department of Biology, City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
    Aging Cell 5:463-71. 2006
    ..Given that NMRs live an order of magnitude longer than predicted based on their body size, our findings strongly suggest that mechanisms other than attenuated oxidative stress explain the impressive longevity of this species...
  76. ncbi Protective role of antioxidants in diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction
    Guy Vassort
    INSERM U 637, Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
    Cardiovasc Toxicol 10:73-86. 2010
    ..have reported beneficial effects of a therapy with antioxidant agents, including trace elements and other antioxidants, against the cardiovascular system consequences of diabetes...
  77. ncbi Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
    Paula Agostinho
    Center for Neurosciences of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine Pólo I 1st floor, Rua Larga, University of Coimbra, 3004 504 Coimbra, Portugal
    Curr Pharm Des 16:2766-78. 2010
    ..Thus, therapeutic strategies directed at controlling the activation of microglia and astrocytes and the excessive production of pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant factors may be valuable to control neurodegeneration in dementia...
  78. ncbi Neuroprotection by resveratrol against traumatic brain injury in rats
    Ozkan Ates
    School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
    Mol Cell Biochem 294:137-44. 2007
    ..Future studies involving different doses and the dose-response relationship could promise better results...
  79. ncbi The function of peroxiredoxins in plant organelle redox metabolism
    Karl Josef Dietz
    Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, W5 134, Bielefeld University, D 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
    J Exp Bot 57:1697-709. 2006
    ..Following a more general introduction, the paper summarizes present knowledge on plant organellar Prx, addressing Prx in signalling, and also suggests some lines for future research...
  80. ncbi Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease
    Kanti Bhooshan Pandey
    Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
    Oxid Med Cell Longev 2:270-8. 2009
    ..Here we present knowledge about the biological effects of plant polyphenols in the context of relevance to human health...
  81. ncbi Antioxidants in the treatment of diabetes
    Saeid Golbidi
    Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
    Curr Diabetes Rev 7:106-25. 2011
    ..This has prompted investigations in the use of antioxidants as a complementary therapeutic approach...
  82. ncbi Resveratrol and red wine function as antioxidants in the nervous system without cellular proliferative effects during experimental diabetes
    Carina Duarte Venturini
    Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Division of Pharmacology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
    Oxid Med Cell Longev 3:434-41. 2010
    ..Neither red wine nor resveratrol reversed the lower hippocampal cell proliferation in diabetic rats. Daily doses of red wine or resveratrol have an antioxidant effect in rats depending on the brain area and the glycemic status...
  83. ncbi Total antioxidant response in patients with schizophrenia
    Bilal Ustundag
    Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
    Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 60:458-64. 2006
    ..The levels of oxidants and antioxidants in schizophrenia have been evaluated...
  84. ncbi Pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and antioxidant effects after the consumption of anthocyanin-rich acai juice and pulp (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) in human healthy volunteers
    Susanne U Mertens-Talcott
    Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
    J Agric Food Chem 56:7796-802. 2008
    ..Results demonstrate the absorption and antioxidant effects of anthocyanins in acai in plasma in an acute human consumption trial...
  85. ncbi Dietary antioxidants and the long-term incidence of age-related macular degeneration: the Blue Mountains Eye Study
    Jennifer S L Tan
    Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
    Ophthalmology 115:334-41. 2008
    To assess the relationship between baseline dietary and supplement intakes of antioxidants and the long-term risk of incident age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
  86. ncbi In vivo antioxidant activity of carotenoids from Dunaliella salina--a green microalga
    K N Chidambara Murthy
    Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, India
    Life Sci 76:1381-90. 2005
    ..Owing to this property, the algae Dunaliella can be further extended to exploit, its possible application for various health benefits as nutraceuticals and food additive...
  87. ncbi Ulva conglobata, a marine algae, has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in murine hippocampal and microglial cells
    Da-Qing Jin
    Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Institute for Brain Science and Technology (IBST, Hanwha CC R and D Center Building, Inje University, 6 Shinsung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-804, South Korea
    Neurosci Lett 402:154-8. 2006
    ..These results suggest that U. conglobata possesses therapeutic potential for combating neurodegenerative diseases associated with neuroinflammation...
  88. ncbi Protective effects of Coriandrum sativum extracts on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
    S Sreelatha
    Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, SASTRA University, SRC Campus, Kumbakonam, Tamilnadu, India
    Food Chem Toxicol 47:702-8. 2009
    ..Based on these results, it was observed that C. sativum extract protects liver from oxidative stress induced by CCl(4) and thus helps in evaluation of traditional claim on this plant...
  89. ncbi Nuclear factor-kappa B, p38, and stress-activated protein kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways regulate proinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in human placental explants in response to oxidative stress: effects of antioxidant vitam
    Tereza Cindrova Davies
    Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Am J Pathol 170:1511-20. 2007
    ..Most of these effects are mediated through the p38 MAPK and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways and can be effectively blocked by vitamins C and E in vitro...
  90. ncbi Zerumbone, a tropical ginger sesquiterpene, activates phase II drug metabolizing enzymes
    Yoshimasa Nakamura
    Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya 464 8601, Japan
    FEBS Lett 572:245-50. 2004
    ..The present study also implied the antioxidant role of this detoxification system activation by ZER in the neutralization of lipid peroxidation in hepatocytes, providing a new insight for cancer prevention...
  91. ncbi Curcumin: the Indian solid gold
    Bharat B Aggarwal
    Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Adv Exp Med Biol 595:1-75. 2007
    ..g., HERCEPTIN). Considering the recent scientific bandwagon that multitargeted therapy is better than monotargeted therapy for most diseases, curcumin can be considered an ideal "Spice for Life"...
  92. ncbi Silymarin and epithelial cancer chemoprevention: how close we are to bedside?
    Manjinder Kaur
    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 224:350-9. 2007
    ....
  93. ncbi Oxidative stress activates insulin-like growth factor I receptor protein expression, mediating cardiac hypertrophy induced by thyroxine
    A S R Araujo
    Departamento Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050 170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    Mol Cell Biochem 303:89-95. 2007
    ..These results indicate that oxidative stress is involved in cardiac hypertrophy, and suggest a role for IGF-IR as a mediator of this adaptive response in experimental hyperthyroidism...
  94. ncbi Monosodium glutamate-induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in the rat: modulatory role of vitamin C, vitamin E and quercetin
    E O Farombi
    Department of Biochemistry, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
    Hum Exp Toxicol 25:251-9. 2006
    ..In addition, the effect of these antioxidants on the possible genotoxicity of MSG was investigated in a rat bone marrow micronuclei model...
  95. ncbi Effect of chronic cadmium exposure on antioxidant defense system in some tissues of rats: protective effect of selenium
    B I Ognjanovic
    Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovica 12, Kragujevac, Serbia
    Physiol Res 57:403-11. 2008
    ..Our results show that Se may ameliorate Cd-induced oxidative stress by decreasing LP and altering antioxidant defense system in rat liver and kidneys and that Se demonstrates the protective effect from cadmium-induced oxidative damage...
  96. ncbi Pongamia pinnata modulates the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in ammonium chloride-induced hyperammonemic rats
    M Mohamed Essa
    Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
    Fundam Clin Pharmacol 20:299-303. 2006
    ..The exact mechanism has to be still investigated and isolation of active constituents is required...
  97. ncbi Antioxidant effect of the marine algae Chlorella vulgaris against naphthalene-induced oxidative stress in the albino rats
    K Vijayavel
    Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
    Mol Cell Biochem 303:39-44. 2007
    ..001), and in contrast, the enzymic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymic antioxidants (glutathione, ascorbic ..
  98. ncbi Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on lead-induced oxidative damage
    Shu Ting Yin
    School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China
    Toxicology 249:45-54. 2008
    ..These observations suggest that EGCG is a potential complementary agent in the treatment of chronic lead intoxication through its antioxidative character...
  99. ncbi Tyrosine promotes oxidative stress in cerebral cortex of young rats
    Angela M Sgaravatti
    Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
    Int J Dev Neurosci 26:551-9. 2008
    ..This suggests that oxidative stress may represent a pathophysiological mechanism in tyrosinemic patients, in which this amino acid accumulates...
  100. ncbi Potential markers of oxidative stress in stroke
    Antonio Cherubini
    Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia Medical School, Policlinico Monteluce Pad E, Via Brunamonti 51, 06122 Perugia, Italy
    Free Radic Biol Med 39:841-52. 2005
    ..Also enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants have been proposed as indirect markers...
  101. ncbi Reactive oxygen species generation by the ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicide mancozeb and its contribution to neuronal toxicity in mesencephalic cells
    Lisa M Domico
    Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
    Neurotoxicology 28:1079-91. 2007
    ..The findings further show that microglia may contribute to but are not required for ROS production by MZ...

Research Grants81

  1. DETOXIFICATION OF XENOBIOTICS IN OCULAR TISSUES
    YOGESH AWASTHI; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..system, they will establish the optimal conditions of induction of GSH, GST and GSH-Px by BHT and other dietary antioxidants and investigate the effects of antioxidants on individual GST isoenzymes and all the three forms of GSH-Px ..
  2. The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dys
    Ula V Jurkunas; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Our preliminary studies have identified a decrease in the antioxidant response element (ARE)-driven antioxidants, overexpression of extracellular and stress-related proteins, and an increase in the levels of oxidized ..
  3. Treatment of SLE with N-acetylcysteine
    Andras Perl; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..GSH is also depleted in lymphocytes of lupus-prone mice and NAC and other antioxidants reduce autoantibody production, prevent the development of glomerulonephritis, and prolong the survival of ..
  4. PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY TRAINING GRANT
    Harry Koo; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..Povlishock); endothelial cell, glycolipid and immune injury mechanisms (Dr. Yu); oxidants and antioxidants in tissue damage and repair (Drs. W. Chan, N. Kuemmerle)...
  5. Role of Glutathione S-Transferase P in Heart Failure
    Sumanth D Prabhu; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Although oxidative stress is a hallmark of heart failure (HF), clinical trials with antioxidants targeting first generation reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as O2/ and H2O2 have not yielded compelling benefits...
  6. Impact of obesity on airway responses to air pollution
    Stephanie A Shore; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..To address this hypothesis, we will measure lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation products as well as antioxidants in the lungs and blood after room air exposure or at various times after acute O3 exposure...
  7. Prevention of Inherited Retinal Diseases by Therapeutic Rare Earth Nanoparticles
    JAMES FRANCIS MCGINNIS; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..This is "oxidative stress" as a result of a chronic or acute rise in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Antioxidants and over-expression of antioxidant enzymes have been shown to inhibit the progression of many retinal diseases...
  8. Prevention of Inherited Retinal Diseases by Therapeutic Rare Earth Nanoparticles
    James McGinnis; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..This is "oxidative stress" as a result of a chronic or acute rise in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Antioxidants and over-expression of antioxidant enzymes have been shown to inhibit the progression of many retinal diseases...
  9. DETOXIFICATION OF XENOBIOTICS IN OCULAR TISSUES
    YOGESH AWASTHI; Fiscal Year: 1992
    ..system, they will establish the optimal conditions of induction of GSH, GST and GSH-Px by BHT and other dietary antioxidants and investigate the effects of antioxidants on individual GST isoenzymes and all the three forms of GSH-Px ..
  10. Mechanisms and Prevention of Etoposide-Induced Leukemia
    Jack Yalowich; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..It is also posited that nutritional antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin E homologs will prevent VP-16-induced AML by reducing or preventing production of ..
  11. HIV and HIV/HCV-Infection, Disease Progression, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants
    Marianna Baum; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..of hepatic damage leading to fibrosis in hepatitis C and is accompanied by decreased plasma micronutrient antioxidants. While many studies confirm the presence of elevated oxidative stress in HIV and in HCV mono-infections, no ..
  12. HIV and HIV/HCV-Infection, Disease Progression, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants
    Marianna K Baum; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..of hepatic damage leading to fibrosis in hepatitis C and is accompanied by decreased plasma micronutrient antioxidants. While many studies confirm the presence of elevated oxidative stress in HIV and in HCV mono-infections, no ..
  13. Influence of Dietary Flavonoids on the Expression of At*
    Carl Keen; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..Vitamins and minerals contribute to the oxidative defense system because: (1) they are antioxidants (vitamins E, C and B-carotene); (2) they are essential for the function of enzyme antioxidants (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, ..
  14. TRANSGENIC MICE, AGING, CANCER, AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE
    Arlan Richardson; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..oxidative stress hypothesis of aging using transgenic mouse models in which the balance between prooxidants and antioxidants is altered so that the steady state accumulation of oxidative damage is accelerated...
  15. Oxidative Stree, Antioxidants and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Prospective Analysis
    A Heather Eliassen; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..we propose several studies to substantially improve our understanding of the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in breast carcinogenesis...
  16. Oxidative Stree, Antioxidants and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Prospective Analysis
    A Heather Eliassen; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..we propose several studies to substantially improve our understanding of the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in breast carcinogenesis...
  17. Peroxiredoxin 6 and Cataractogenesis
    DHIRENDRA SINGH; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Age-Related Cataract, and suggests that aged lens cells are prone to this damage due to reduced expression of antioxidants. Because ocular lens is constantly exposed to environmental stress, it continuously generates reactive oxygen ..
  18. BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF BETA-CAROTENE METABOLITES
    Robert Russell; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..results in increased lung cell oxidative stress, thereby causing decreased tissue levels of other important antioxidants, such as ascorbate and alpha-tocopherol, which have a stabilizing effect on unoxidized beta-carotene...
  19. Cardiovascular Effects of Scutellaria baicelensis
    Chun Su Yuan; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..nontraditional antioxidants may play in its acute treatment...
  20. Mechanisms of PCP genotoxicity & antioxidant modulation
    BENZHAN ZHU; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..through a novel, metal-independent mechanism (the so-called organic Fenton reaction); and that dietary antioxidants markedly inhibit -OH production from PCP metabolites...
  21. RICKETTSIA RICKETTSII IN HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS
    David Silverman; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..With an interest in abrogating endothelial cell injury, they have incorporated antioxidants into infected cell culture systems...