plant lectins

..2 to 0.6 microgram/ml). Unlike DS-5000, however, the plant lectins did not inhibit the replication of other enveloped viruses, except for human cytomegalovirus (50% effective ..

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..Although there is much information about the plant-derived foods and some data about the allergens involved in the latex-fruit syndrome, it is not always clear whether latex sensitization precedes or follows the onset of food allergy...

b>Plant lectins, carbohydrate-binding proteins distributed widely in a variety of plant species, have drawn a rising attention for cancer biologists due to their remarkable anti-tumour properties...

..Thus, HFR1 is an antinutrient to dipteran larvae and may play a significant role in deterring Hessian fly larvae from feeding on resistant wheat plants...

..Our results indicate that gene divergence within the family of GNA-related lectins leads to changes in carbohydrate-binding specificity, as shown on N-glycan arrays...

..Overall, these results are relevant to delineate crucial residues involved in this dominant discontinuous epitope...

..The availability of full genome sequences from various plant species makes it possible to perform a whole-genome exploration for further understanding their biological functions...

..Herein, we measured the expression of alpha 2, 3-linked sialic acid residues by using a specific lectin as well as the potential of invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer was analyzed...

..This structural diversity associated with the specific recognition of high-mannose type glycans highlights the importance of mannose-specific lectins as recognition molecules in higher plants...

..pastoris and also that linker cleavage might not be essential for lectin sugar specificity...

..The so formed hybrid beta-sheets are the sites for high affinity mannose binding in the dimer interface. Occupancy observed at corresponding sites in other beta-sheets suggests a potential for twelve sites per tetramer...

..LCM extraction of vessels from brain sections can be used to perform molecular fingerprinting of neurovascular unit in various brain pathologies...

..Hevein with a highly reduced ability to bind IgE should provide a valuable candidate molecule for immunotherapy of latex allergy and is anticipated to have a low risk of systemic side effects...

..The small DeltaC(p) for the unfolding of ASAI reflects a relatively small, buried hydrophobic core in the folded dimeric protein...

..Furthermore, it was demonstrated that a specific glycosylation signature can be associated with a functionally related group of glycoproteins in Drosophila, both in terms of biological process and molecular function...

..As many plant lectins have insecticidal activity, we also assessed the effect of PP2-A1 on weight gain and survival in aphids...

..Objective To purify and characterize the 30-37 kDa banana allergens...

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..The function of every family in this study is discussed with respect to its fold, leading to the suggestion that this fold can be linked to carbohydrate recognition in general...

..The fersub1 cDNA carries a stem-loop structure (iron-responsive element) upstream from the start codon, similar to structures that have been shown to play a role in the control of ferritin synthesis in other insects...

..These observations led to the hypothesis that PvFRIL acts in a dominant manner to preserve progenitor viability and prevent proliferation and differentiation...

..effort to detect novel strategies in bladder cancer therapy, the potential and the applicability of different plant lectins was investigated using 5637 cells as a model for human urinary carcinoma...

Many plant lectins have high anti-insect potential. Although the effects of most lectins are only moderately influencing development or population growth of the insect, some lectins have strong insecticidal properties...

..This allowed the construction of quantitative assays capable of measuring both IgG Fab and Fc alpha2,6-sialylation without the need for enzymatic peptide digestion...

..Several different classes of plant lectins serve a diverse array of functions...

..Patients allergic to natural rubber latex (NRL) frequently exhibit immediate hypersensitivity reactions to banana, but the molecular basis of these putative cross-reactions is unknown...

..Potential carbohydrate recognition sites and biological implications of the orchid lectin based on its monomeric state are also discussed in this paper...

..Many cases of NRL allergy remain undiagnosed due to misreporting of symptoms by the patients or lack of proper questions asked by the physician...

..In all, we obtained nine lines of R3 transgenic plants, including one pure line, which had better resistance to both N lugens and C medinalis than wild-type plants...

..02-IgE interactions. Antibodies recognizing this important allergen have potential to be used to diagnose and ultimately treat latex allergy...

..IgE of these patients has been shown to bind endochitinases containing an N-terminal hevein-like domain (HLD). However, evidence on 31-kd endochitinase-induced reactions in vivo is lacking...

..This perhaps is not a consequence of any kink formation by a proline residue in the helical segment, as reported by others earlier, but due to fewer interactions that proline can possibly have with the bound substrate...

..subfasciatus, but they were only marginally less susceptible to infestation than the non-transgenic P. acutifolius. Hence, the arcelin genes tested here are not major determinants of resistance against Z. subfasciatus...

Despite evidence suggesting a role in plant defence, the use of plant lectins in crop protection has been hindered by their low and species-specific insecticidal activity...

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..It is concluded that lectins can be used as effective tools for the modulation of food consumption and gastric emptying in experimental animals...

..These results, together with the evolutionary analysis, indicate that lectin loci are quite complex and confirm their origin by multiple duplication events...

We describe the antiviral activity of plant lectins with specificity for different glycan structures against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) in vitro...

..These similarities exist at the levels of the protein fold, the architecture of the binding site as well as quaternary structure and may be derived from similar functional needs...

..The absence of nets around cholinergic basal forebrain neurons may be related to their slow modulatory activity but may also contribute to their susceptibility to degeneration in Alzheimer's disease...

..Thus, transgenic expression of non-native proteins in plants may lead to the synthesis of structural variants possessing altered immunogenicity...

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..Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the potyvirus CP N-terminal region determines the outcome of the interaction with the RTM-mediated resistance...

..Analysis of T1 progenies confirmed the inheritance of the transgenes. Thus, ASAL promises to be a potential component in insect resistance rice breeding programme...

..In either case, most of the lectin-disaccharide interactions are at the primary binding site. The conformation of T-antigen in the five complexes is nearly the same...

..Linkage between the dehydrin gene and the D1711 RFLP marker identifies a potential syntenic region between parts of common bean linkage group B4 and cowpea linkage group 2...

..ConGF strongly agglutinates rabbit erythrocytes, has a high content of ASP and SER, and its N-terminal sequence (30 residues) is highly similar to the sequences of other related lectins from subtribe Diocleinae...

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..It was further demonstrated that hyaluronidase incubation neither digests the collagenous ligands nor revives the lectin VVA or WFA labeling of the nerve cell surface proteoglycans...

..Transgenic lines expressing GNA exhibited high-level resistance against the WBPH. As reported earlier, these transgenics also showed substantial resistance against the brown planthopper and green leafhopper...

..Dark neurons began to appear 3-4 weeks after birth. These dark neurons or their Golgi complexes were also reactive to lectins, suggesting the production of cell surface glycoproteins...

..DB58 adopts a novel quaternary structure, related to the quaternary structure of the DBL heterotetramer, and brings the number of know legume lectin dimer types to four...

..3 A resolution. The preliminary crystal structure of the lectin, determined by molecular replacement, had a correlation coefficient of 0.569 and an R factor of 0.412...

During the last few years compelling evidence has been presented for the occurrence of cytoplasmic/nuclear plant lectins that are not detectable in normal plants but are only induced upon application of well-defined stress conditions...

..The variety in the quaternary structure generates multivalency in sugar specificities among lectins along with the requisite surface topology to allow for unobstructed recognition events...

..sativa and Pisum sativum have carbohydrate binding activity. The results suggest that legume LNPs may represent a special class of apyrases that arose by gene duplication and subsequent specialization...

Histamine release induced by plant lectins was studied with emphasis on the carbohydrate specificity, external calcium requirement, metal binding sites, and mast cell heterogeneity and on the importance of antibodies bound to the mast ..

In several studies plant lectins have shown promise as transgenic resistance factors against various insect pests...

..These results suggest a model in which N-linked linear pNAL acts as a sorting signal for endocytosis in trypanosomes...

The mannose-specific plant lectins from the Amaryllidaceae family (e.g., Hippeastrum sp...

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..Bioassays further demonstrated that none of the transgenic lines exhibited a decreased sensitivity to infection with tobacco mosaic virus suggesting that the elderberry type-2 RIP SNA-If does not act as an antiviral agent in planta...

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..Immobilisation of the lectin to Sepharose generated an affinity column that may be used to isolate the O-glycosylated serum glycoproteins...

..The same as the natural molecule, rCCA showed a molecular mass of 320 +/- 5 kDa and was judged to also be a decamer. These results indicate that the rCCA obtained in this study is equivalent to nCCA...

..HEV32 provides a simple molecular model for studying protein-carbohydrate interactions and for understanding the physiological relevance of small native hevein domains lacking C-terminal residues...

..Beside evolutionary considerations, the occurrence of a G. nivalis agglutinin homolog in a lower plant necessitates the rethinking of the physiological role of the whole family of monocot Man-binding lectins...

..Moreover, some of the chimeric lectins prepared in this study showed even higher specificities/affinities than native E(4)- and L(4)-PHA toward complex sugar chains containing either a bisecting GlcNAc residue or a beta1,6-linked branch...

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..jejuni. Furthermore, we have identified two such glycoproteins, the first non-flagellin campylobacter glycoproteins to be identified, and demonstrated that their glycan components contain alpha-linked N-acetylgalactosamine residues...

..90 A using synchrotron radiation. The crystals belong to space group I222, with unit-cell parameters a = 66.06, b = 86.35, c = 91.76 A, and contain one lectin monomer in the asymmetric unit...

..To evaluate the gum's ability to retain glycoproteins (lectins), affinity chromatography was performed and, in addition, the reological behaviour of the gum was characterized...

..It could be established that the crystal asymmetric unit contains two identical heterodimers. The new refined structure also provided a better definition of other finer structural details...

..By docking, an active sialic acid-binding site was found in PCL. The instabilization of translation initiation region (TIR) in mRNA of PCL benefits its high expression in rhizomes...

..SRLbm triggers red blood cell agglutination in the range 4-12 micro g/ml...

..Peptides in which the relative abundance of isotopic isoforms was equal were considered to indicate that the protein parent was fully sialylated at that specific glycosylation site...

..Our findings should aid in the selection of this lectin for elucidating functions of carbohydrate chains in life processes and for applications in the biomedical sciences...

..However, HmRip 1, 2, and 4 having equal affinity for galactose and l-rhamnose do not strictly fit into any of the four structural classes of the lectins and represent a new class of type II Rips and plant lectins.

..A single clinical sample can be fractionated in less than 10 min per run, making this a useful sample preparation tool for proteomics/glycoproteomics studies associated with disease abnormalities...

..Thus, Fbs2 is a novel member of F-box protein family that recognizes N-glycans and plays a role in ERAD...

..The potential usage of these lectins as probes for scientific, industrial, and medical purposes, and for quality control of the desired gps is clearly indicated...

..Gt; Man and Glc (inactive). Our finding should aid in the selection of this lectin for biological applications...

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..The results also suggested that CML had two different carbohydrate binding domains, one specific for NeuGc and the other for GalNAc...

..The N-terminal sequences of the lectin upto 45-residues except the positions of 21, 39, 42 and 44 were identified. Sequence homology of the lectin is also discussed...

..In this article, the binding and cross-linking properties of galectin-1 and other lectins are reviewed as a model for the biological signal transduction properties of the galectin family of animal lectins...

..The results will be useful, for example, to understand the biological events expressed with carbohydrate changes on the cell surface...

..Biochemical studies have been undertaken to investigate the lectin-receptor interaction at molecular level...

..Partial amino acid sequences of the lysylendopeptic peptides shows that the lectin might have a repeating structure and belong to the jacalin-related lectin family...

..The crystal structures of the four SBA/pentasaccharide complexes thus repesent models for lectin-carbohydrate clustering in vivo...

..Presence of N-glycosidically linked glycans of the oligomannosidic type and, in minor proportion, of the N-acetyllactosaminic type glycans was determined by affinity chromatography on immobilized Con A...

..The slow moving alpha-fetoprotein could be further fractionated on RCAI-sepharose column in two components, AFPA1 and AFPA2 differing by their sialic acid content...

..In lectin-immunoassay no appreciable amount of contraceptive glycodelin-A was found in the 22 seminal plasma samples studied...

..The cDNA library also contained a receptor analog lacking amino acids 321-700 which code for the transmembrane domain. S-1 mapping suggests that this latter form constitutes approximately half of all receptor-related mRNA...

..This establishes the gastrodianin-like proteins (GLIPs) as a novel class of antifungal proteins...

..We propose that HBP-44 is extruded from plasma membranes and interacts with heparin and related molecules and that it is involved in the interactions of plasma membranes with basement membranes...

..Studies on the 42-kDa protein showed that it contained two of the three domains, Cys-rich and Gln-rich, but the amino acid sequence analysis showed that the protein should be a product of another gene...

..These data demonstrate that this protein is unknown and not a proteinase inhibitor of the A2M family...

..Bicarbonate and iodide blocked the binding of GP 130 to the SITS-affinity resin, showing that GP 130 has an anion-binding site. Neither these anions nor stilbene disulphonates affected the aminopeptidase N activity of GP 130...

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from applicants abstract) Plant lectins are major tools in studies of the protein-carbohydrate interactions that play a key role in establishing the specificity of a wide variety of biological recognition and ..

..b>Plant lectins have a wide number of biological applications, including their use in exploring the structure and dynamic ..

This proposal represents a continuation of our studies on the isolation and characterization of plant lectins, and of their application to biomedical research...

..Binding sites for plant lectins (concanavilin A or pea lectin) are enriched in the developing cortex, but few natural ligands are known...

..The cells also have an abnormal binding pattern to certain plant lectins and are abnormally sensitive to inflammatory mediators that cause plasma leakage...

..During Phase I of this project, AlphaSniffer will develop glycan microarrays for the detection of two plant lectins, Concanavalin A and jacalin as model analytes to investigate the feasibility of incorporating glycomic tools ..

..The constructs are based on both plant lectins (WGA and BL) and the tetanus toxin C chain (TTC), molecules that cross synapses...

..carbohydrate motifs linked to tumorigenesis will be examined by flow cytometry using fluorescently labeled plant lectins that are now to be specific ligands...

..The exquisite specificity of plant lectins, for example, has been known and documented for decades...

..The mutants were selected for resistance to plant lectins and exhibit properties typical of those that we have previously shown to arise from altered carbohydrate ..

..This is recognized as a high priority in the urologic care of patients with IC/CPPS. ..

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..Historically, HF patients were counseled to limit physical activities. However, recent studies show that moderate exercise can be performed safely in properly evaluated NYHA II-III HF patients. ..

..If multiple target molecules are identified, combination therapies can be devised to provide maximum therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. ..

..These experiments could provide new insights concerning the BRB and how it might be modulated, which could serve as a basis of the design of new treatment approaches for macular edema...

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..This information could be applied to not only stimulate neural regeneration to treat sight-threatening diseases of the retina, but also to control gliosis that may be detrimental to the pathogenesis of retinal disorders. ..

..Additionally, the data generated and broad knowledge gained will support the candidate to develop an independent career. ..

..This study may open a novel avenue for therapeutic intervention. The work is likely to lead to a more comprehensive R01 project investigating the apoptotic pathways involved in pemphigus and its pathogenic role in pemphigus. ..

..This information could be applied to not only stimulate neural regeneration to treat sight-threatening diseases of the retina, but also to control gliosis that may be detrimental to the pathogenesis of retinal disorders. ..

..and in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced tumors, in the presence and absence of cell surface alpha(1,2)fucose by crossing mice into the Fut1 and Fut2 null background. ..