isoantibodies

..The effect of a first-trimester antibody screening program on the timely detection of HDFN caused by antibodies other than anti-D was evaluated...

..17%). CONCLUSION: The MAIPA assay is more sensitive than the standard LCT in detecting platelet-reactive HLA antibodies. These MAIPA-positive/LCT-negative HLA antibodies affect the posttransfusion platelet increment...

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..We retrospectively reviewed our management strategy and outcome data for children undergoing heart transplantation with high PRA (> 10%)...

..CONCLUSIONS: Alloantibody, although not necessary for corneal graft rejection, can produce extensive injury to corneal allografts in a complement-dependent manner...

..Testing for the presence of antiplatelet antibodies and provision of compatible platelets should be important components in the management of patients with platelet transfusion refractoriness...

..These findings suggest that preoperative cross-matching may identify patients with high donor-specific HLA antibody titers and may reduce the risk for early recurrent graft failure...

..The aim of this work was to study the incidence of transfusion-induced platelet-reactive antibodies in a selective patient population and evaluate different methodologies for platelet antibody screening (PAS)...

..This study provides a large-scale validation study of this technology to address questions concerning feasibility and applicability of its introduction into clinical routine...

..Patients receiving cellular blood components may form HLA antibodies and platelet-specific alloantibodies...

..H3, H4, and H5 have been found only in blacks. We hypothesized that mismatched factor VIII transfusions contribute to the high incidence of inhibitors among black patients...

..Attempts to deal with this problem have used plasmapheresis to remove antibodies or high-dose pooled immunoglobulin (IVIg) to down-regulate DSA. However, elimination of antibodies by these methods has been limited in duration or scope...

..The possibility of passive infusion of this antibody should be considered in the evaluation of life-threatening transfusion reactions followed by thrombocytopenia...

..The CELISA technique is a simple and sensitive means for quantifying alloantibodies in mice and will assist in further delineating the role of the B-cell compartment in neonatally induced cardiac allograft acceptance...

..Although the anti-HLA antibodies were detected more frequently in females than males, no significant association of ANHTRs including TRALI with gender, not only for patients, but also for donors, could be shown in this study...

..Transplant rates for highly sensitized patients with ESRD awaiting kidney transplants are improved with IVIG therapy...

..This unappreciated frequency of HLA alloantibodies in blood components may pose a risk to transplant patients requiring transfusions by promoting allograft dysfunction or loss...

..4 mL. Fifteen months after the start of our strategy, no cases of TRALI have been reported. Our experience shows that a practical strategy to prevent TRALI is feasible...

..Additionally, thrombotic events have not increased despite a growing experience with higher dosing of rFVIIa...

..By applying strict clinical criteria and using sensitive techniques a white blood cell antibody mediated immunological pathophysiology can be implicated in the majority TRALI cases...

..This may negatively impact the ability of these individuals to undergo further islet, pancreas or kidney transplantation and should be discussed upfront during evaluation of candidates for islet transplantation...

..Given the results obtained in this study, an alloantibody testing algorithm has been designed and implemented for routine monitoring and to define optimally the alloantibody reactivity in kidney transplant recipients...

..In conclusion, these emerging approaches can be reliably used to predict crossmatch results in highly sensitized patients and also to monitor the development of clinically relevant anti-HLA antibody after transplantation...

..In this study, the estimated incidence of NAN was 0.35% (3/856) among neonates admitted to NICUs in Korea...

..In conclusion, anti-HLA DR alloantibodies may be implicated in LME dysfunction that leads to TRALI, in a monocyte-dependent manner...

..The development of inhibitory antibodies against infused factor (F) VIII is a major complication of treatment of patients with severe hemophilia A...

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..PP). We conclude that multiple PP treatments leads to more reproducible desensitization and lower humoral rejection rates than a single high-dose of IVIG, but that no regimen was completely effective in preventing humoral rejection...

..At present, there is little prospective information on the prevalence of D variants among obstetric patients and potential transfusion recipients...

..Genotyping for class I and II HLA and for a limited number of neutrophil antigens may also be helpful in establishing antibody-antigen concordance...

..These extensive data on the clinical activity of monoclonal anti-D produced by cell lines derived from four species will inform the future development of monoclonal anti-D for RhD prophylaxis...

..These studies demonstrate that the immune response to mHA includes the generation of specific antibodies and suggests that the serologic response to these antigens may also be useful in the identification of new mHAs...

..We performed a systematic search of the literature to quantify the contribution of donor antibodies to the occurrence of TRALI...

..TRALI, like the acute respiratory distress syndrome, may be a 2-event phenomenon with both recipient predisposition and factors in the stored units playing major roles...

..Two cases of rapidly fatal TRALI in which the postmortem pathology differed from that classically associated with ALI/ARDS are reported...

..A formal quality assurance (QA) scheme has been established to facilitate proficiency testing for granulocyte antibodies and antigens...

..However, use of rFVIIa for off-label indications should continue to be monitored closely via clinical trials and carefully designed registries...

..The risk of TRALI remains, despite providing pooled platelets suspended in male donor plasma. The significance of multiple HLA antigen/antibody matching between donor and recipient in immune TRALI warrants further study...

..Past protocols to desensitize patients using plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide have not been broadly applied because of the fear of complications, including high rates of immunologic failure...

..Haptoglobin deficiency therefore might be a risk factor for NHTRs...

..Infection most often complicated the use of access catheters. These results are discussed within the context of the international ITT registry and upcoming prospective ITT study...

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..In conclusion, the 16.5 microg/kg/h infusion rate reliably achieves plasma factor VII activity levels of 10 IU/ml, but this level does not provide reliable haemostasis...

..We describe here a single antigen bead panel for accurate identification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody specificities by flow cytometry...

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..Fifty-seven percent of women with premature births had above the recommended level of anti-D...

..We aimed to study the clinical importance of alloantibodies defined solely by solid phase techniques...

..These data support a belief, generally held in the United States but not necessarily elsewhere, that the use of protease-treated red cells for routine pretransfusion tests creates far more work than the accrued benefits justify...

..TRALI cases were investigated to determine correlation between antigen and antibody. Additionally, activation of monocytes by TRALI serums was studied...

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..The anamnestic response provoked by FEIBA could be an issue while awaiting a decline in titres before ITI can be initiated and so rFVIIa may be the best option for prophylaxis in patients with inhibitors who have not yet begun ITI...

..In summary, this study suggested that AMS may be useful as a supportive crossmatch test or as a monitoring test after transplantation to detect class I or class II DS-HLA Abs...

..On the other hand, HNA antibodies were not detectable in the patient's or the mother's serum. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the transplacental passage of the maternal HLA antibody caused neutropenia in this patient...

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..Review the fetal/neonatal outcome and management of pregnancies associated with alloimmunization to irregular anti-red-cell antibodies...

..A comparison with our previous, unpublished data suggests that the incidence of severe NAIN is roughly 1 per 6000 (four cases among 24101 newborns)...

..In this review article we summarize the current knowledge of the role of alloantibodies in transplantation, the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection, and their effect on graft function and outcome...

..035 and P = .001, respectively) as compared to the nonsensitized group. The study illustrated that posttransplant monitoring antibodies to both MICA as well as HLA could be good predictors of renal allograft failure...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate variables that determine the complement-fixing capability of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sensitization...

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..035 and p = 0.001, respectively) as compared to the nonsensitized group. The study illustrates that posttransplant monitoring of antibodies to both MICA as well as HLA could be an important prognostic marker in renal transplant subjects...

..Our study showed that HI-CDC-XM was effective at exclude donor-specific IgM antibodies, a result which was comparable to FCXM to detect only IgG antibodies. HI is simple and rapid and does not involve any extra equipment or cost...

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..We could clearly exhibit that explanted kidney allografts harbor anti-HLA antibodies. Moreover, our study demonstrates that non-complement-binding anti-HLA antibodies accumulate in rejected renal allografts...

..Here, we hypothesized that PGD-induced inflammation augments alloimmunity, thereby predisposing to broncholitis obliterans syndrome...

..The standard crossmatch in the AM program is based on complement-dependent cytotoxicity...

..Antibody preconditioning with tacrolimus monotherapy has allowed many renal allograft recipients to be maintained on spaced weaning...

..Our findings demonstrate the importance of detection and characterization of DSA before transplantation. Stratification of this risk could be used to determine kidney allocation and to devise specific strategies for these patients...

..Nevertheless, C4d deposition and positive posttransplant crossmatches correlated with allograft injury among renal transplant patients...

....

..The third patient lost her graft at 11 months after transplantation. Lewis antibodies may injure a renal allograft. C4d deposition and failure to show donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies suggested the participation of other antibodies...

..Thus, sensitization to HLA antigens is a problem for the patient, the transplant physician, and the histocompatibility laboratory...

..Given the important theoretical advantages of FCXM over the CDC XM, further testing of the clinical relevance is warranted...

..We have studied 36 patients with TGP and 51 patients with chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) but without TGP for C4d staining and donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSA) to investigate the alloantibody-mediated mechanisms...

..We discuss the importance of antibody specificity definition in facilitating efficient national organ allocation and informing clinical discussion regarding the appropriate pathway for sensitized patients awaiting renal transplantation...

..We evaluated the effect of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) on anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody assays...

..We can identify DQA1 and DQB1 epitopes by DQ single antigen beads assay of the antibodies, correlating the beads' reaction patterns with either DQA1 or DQB1 alleles...

..The remaining 27%, mostly BD, may be a different disease or a stage in which A and C are undetectable...

..fied in each case. CONCLUSION: Utilization of pronase-treated lymphocytes improves both the sensitivity and specificity of the FCXM...

..It is well known that highly sensitized patients with positive panel reactive antibodies (PRA) often present with acute rejection. Therefore, we examined the impact of a positive PRA on the results of ABO-incompatible LKT...

..3% (27 of 326) in group I (P < .05) had a graft rejection. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the PRA response pretransplantation and in the early posttransplantation period correlates with the kidney allograft rejection rate...

..The correlation between antibody production against mismatched donor human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and the number of amino acid sequence mismatches was analyzed in patients who rejected a kidney transplant (n=146)...

..In this article, we describe the historical background, the current therapeutic strategies including apheresis therapy for the ABO-incompatible transplantations, and the experiences at our institution...

..CONCLUSION: PRA-positive recipients of the renal transplantation have higher risks of acute rejection of the graft, and PRA detection both before and after the operation may be of great importance...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between C4d deposition in PTCs and alloantibodies at various days after allograft dysfunction due to severe acute rejection...

..Measures to further reduce the use of transfusion or the use of immunosuppression at the time of transfusion in potential allograft recipients may be of value in the future...

..This study aimed to determine whether the production, in renal transplant recipients, of antibodies directed against donor HLA mismatches is predictive of transplant failure...

..The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of post-transplant donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DS-HLA Abs) detected by an ELISA method on long-term graft survival...

..An accurate analysis for performed antibodies in these cases may be beneficial to select the most suitable second donor...

..The HLAMATCHMAKER algorithm appears to be the proper strategy to find donors for high PRA recipients...

..The treatment immediately prior to operation can prevent hyperacute rejection and increases the graft survival in these patients...

Target molecules recognized by platelet-reactive allo- and isoantibodies. The relevance of a newly identified genetic trait (high-expression of blood group A and B antigens on platelets) to platelet transfusion effectiveness, neonatal ..

..The approach may lead to novel forms of immune suppression that may benefit not only islet transplantation, but also other types of organ allografts. ..

..These aims propose to investigate the role that negative regulatory T cells play in the establishment of immunological tolerance to tumor antigens and the fashion in which their elimination can result in tumor rejection. ..

..By analyzing transfusion patients at Emory, we will determine the extent to which females receiving leukoreduced RBC from male donors are immunized to H-Y antigens. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..Thus, the proposed studies are relevant to the treatment/cure of a variety of diseases involving blood cell production. ..

..In keeping with the stated purpose of this RFA, these studies represent the "development and application of cell engineering methods to predictably induce tolerance..." ..

..By combining the more reductionist in vitro systems with the more physiological in vivo systems, we will be able to assess both mechanistic determinations and physiological efficacy. ..

..This study aims to understand how these antibodies destroy the kidney and also will test if a new drug can prevent this destruction by blocking the immune system's ability to make these antibodies. ..

..abstract_text> ..

..Our goal is to establish the basis for a rational approach to HLA-matching and selective NIMA mismatching to achieve the goal of clinical kidney transplantation tolerance. ..

..We will determine how the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of each test would be clinically useful in the management of lung transplant patients. ..

..It will also provide fundamental new insights in the field of allo-tolerance, the "holy grail" of transplant immunology. ..

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..The program's Director and Oversight Committee strive to design an educational experience tailored for each individual trainee. ..

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..It will also provide fundamental new insights in the field of allo-tolerance, the "holy grail" of transplant immunology. ..

..Our goal is to develop a working model of how donor-derived leukocytes and the antigens they release contribute to a tonic equilibrium between host T regulator and effector cells in human allograft acceptance. ..

..It will also provide fundamental new insights in the field of allo-tolerance, the "holy grail" of transplant immunology. ..

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..It will also provide fundamental new insights in the field of allo-tolerance, the "holy grail" of transplant immunology. ..

..Ultimately, the proposed approach may be applied to the understanding of other autoimmune disorders. ..

..To pursue this finding we hope to establish whether the in vivo antigen-presenting cells (APC) function of B cells is (a) controlled by antigen-specific cells and (b) requires prior T cell contact with non-B APC...

..4. P-selectin augments activation of endothelial cells, platelets and macrophages in allograft rejection. ..

..Together this information will provide a starting point for the application of GM-TCs to human immunologic conditions. ..

..We believe that data generated from this project will have an immediate impact in improving the transfusion of patients with SCD. (End of Abstract) ..

..We will use a variety of state of the art techniques to assess the mechanisms by which nicotine induces renal injury. ..

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..We will use a variety of state of the art techniques to assess the mechanisms by which nicotine induces renal injury. ..

..Further, this project is intended to develop an in vitro method for differentiating HCV recurrence and acute cellular rejection following OLT that will have immediate benefit in the management of the HCV-infected OLT recipients. ..

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..abstract_text> ..

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..The overall goal of this proposal is to employ this unique murine preclinical model of OAD in order to define the cellular and molecular mechanism leading to BOS following clinical lung transplantation. ..

..Thus, the overall study is designed to use immune parameters to identify recipients at low vs. high risk for poor graft outcome, thereby allowing for individualization of immunosuppression aimed at improving long-term graft outcome. ..

..4. Generate soluble recombinant platelet glycoproteins carrying "rare" platelet alloantigens to provide a tool for rapid detection and identification of antibodies in mothers who are immunized against these antigens ..