poly u

..This work provides experimental verification that the PUA domain mediates Nip7 interaction with RNA and reveals that the preference for interaction with polyuridine sequences is conserved in Archaea and eukaryotic Nip7 proteins...

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..However, they exhibited higher reactivity toward puromycin and enhanced tRNA-translocation efficiency. These results suggest an essential role for polyamines in the structural and functional integrity of the large ribosomal subunit...

..We conclude that TLR3 is essential to the induction of antiviral activity elicited by poly(I:C(12)U), which does not appear to be recognized by the cytosolic sensor of poly(I:C), melanoma differentiation-associated gene-5...

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..We evaluated the ability of currently licensed seasonal influenza vaccine to confer cross-protection against highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in mice...

..Uridylylated VPg can then prime the transcription of polyadenylate RNA by 3Dpol to produce VPg-linked poly(U). Initiation of transcription of the poliovirus genome from the polyadenylated 3' end therefore depends on VPg...

..Here, we review the literature on Cid1, other PUPs and uridylation, a conserved and previously under-appreciated mechanism of RNA regulation...

..This 3' uridine addition, as shown for Arabidopsis, is correlated with decapping and 5' shortening of the cleaved products, suggesting a mechanistic step in the miRNA-directed mRNA decay mechanism...

..Failure originally to find TIs and TF cores was probably due to overdigestion with RNase A...

..Moreover, the simplicity and efficiency of the proposed assay suggest that it can be a valuable tool not only for the characterization of RNase E homologs but also for the analysis of other site-specific nucleases...

..The lack of any apparent phenotype in the DeltaeIF2A strain suggests that eIF2A functions in a minor pathway, perhaps internal initiation or in the translation of a small number of specific mRNAs...

..The binding of RRF and tRNA to ribosomes was influenced by Mg(2+) and NH(4)(+) ions in a similar manner...

..2 poly U (A2U) and poly A . poly U (AU) solutions at low (0.01 M Na(+)) and high (0.1 M Na(+)) ionic strengths...

..Altogether, these results suggest that TcRBPs might be modulated in vivo, to favor or preclude the interaction with specific transcripts in a developmentally regulated manner...

..These experiments demonstrate that the poly(A) tail can act as a cis-acting element to facilitate degradation of T. brucei mitochondrial mRNAs...

..The effect of paromomycin on trans-translation differs substantially from that on canonical translation, in which it induces miscoding by modulating the A site of the decoding helix of the small subunit RNA of the ribosome...

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..Finally, these data demonstrate that each FMRP variant binds RNAs uniquely, resulting in a set of proteins with differing affinities...

..The ability of RNase E to shorten poly(A) tails, together with the effect of tail length on endonucleolytic cleavage within primary transcripts, suggests a mechanism by which RNase E may exercise overall control over RNA decay...

..Replacement of this histidine residue in the human and archaebacterial proteins by glycine, arginine or alanine had no effect on ribosome assembly, but strongly reduced the translational activity of ribosomes containing these mutants...

..The high affinity of PNPase for polyadenylated RNA molecules may be part of the molecular mechanism by which polyadenylated RNA is preferentially degraded in bacterial cells...

..The differences in the multisubsites structure could explain the reduced catalytic efficiency of ECP and the shift from an endonuclease to an exonuclease-type mechanism...

..Surprisingly, while E. coli EF-Tu Q290L is more active in polymerization with mitochondrial Phe-tRNA(Phe), this variant has low activity in the formation of a stable ternary complex with mitochondrial aa-tRNA...

..Hence, our results help define the role of the specific interaction of TLS with RNA during the splicing process of a pre-mRNA...

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..We discuss some of the broader implications of these measurements/results in terms of nucleic acid melting in multicomponent systems, in terms of probing counterion environments, and in terms of potential regulatory mechanisms...

..VCD spectroscopy demonstrated significant advantages over infrared absorption or the related electronic CD spectroscopy...

..This work opens the way for application of biophysical techniques, originally developed for the classical motor proteins, to the understanding of protein biosynthesis...

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..The characteristics of this ribonuclease were different from those of ribonuclease previously purified from ginseng roots...

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..These loops are located at the tip of domain IV and close to the decoding center of the 30S ribosomal subunit upon EF-G interaction with the ribosome. The functional role of EF-G and its domain IV in ribosomal translocation is discussed...

..This suggests that the N-terminal domain can activate stringent factor in trans. It is also shown that this activation is dependent on unacylated tRNA...

..These studies identify a novel group of mammalian polyadenylation regulators. Furthermore, they define a previously unknown nuclear function of Hu proteins...

..Collaboration between RNA and protein in the form of a ribonucleoprotein template may help to explain the evolutionary diversity of the nucleotidyltransferase family...

..Our results support the notion that 5S rRNA serves as a signal transducer between regions of 23S rRNA responsible for principal ribosomal functions...

..study the effect of Cd2+ ions on the conformational equilibrium of three-stranded (A21, A2U) and single-stranded (poly U, poly A and poly I) polynucleotides in aqueous solutions containing 0.1 M Na+ (pH 7)...

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..The possibility of RNA replication independent of oriR and poly(A) demonstrate that highly debilitated viruses are able to survive by utilizing 'emergence', perhaps atavistic, mechanisms...

..Poly(A) was obtained in high yield and reached nucleotide chain lengths up to 400 containing predominantly 3'--> 5' linkages...

..In contrast, L-ImpA or racemic DL-ImpA polymerized far less efficiently on the poly(U) template, demonstrating that chiral selection takes place in the poly(U) template-directed oligoadenylate formation...

..We propose that the aberrant activation of protein synthesis at the late growth phase is caused by the increased stability of the ribosome...

..This efficient and faithful system is of interest for biochemical studies of the human translational machinery, as well as a basis for screening new drugs affecting protein synthesis in pathogenic microorganisms...

..Results of the hybridization properties, sequence specificity, and the global conformation studies of the RNG U5.DNA A5 duplex are described...

..3 and may be involved in several disorders mapped to that region. Thus, HES1/KNP-I is a proven mitochondrial resident protein with apparent tight membrane association and tentative RNA-binding properties...

..The data above also indicated that the modulations of the IRES-mediated translation by the HCV 3'NCR and the polyU/UC tract were in a length-independent manner...

..Polyriboadenylic acid and poly(allylamine) were immobilized on macroporous disks (CIM disks). Quantitative parameters of affinity interactions between macromolecules were established using frontal analysis at different flow rates...

..14 to 0.16, about the same or slightly less than values reported for polynucleotide duplexes and less than predicted from theoretical calculations...

..The persistence length of poly(U) RNA homopolymer, modeled as a worm-like chain, was found to be 0.79 +/- 0.05 nm and the backbone elasticity was 900 +/- 140 pN, similar to values for single-stranded DNA...

..Functional interactions of the immobilized ribosomes with various components of the protein synthesis apparatus are shown by use of surface plasmon resonance...

..The affinity labelling reaction could be abolished by (pU)14 and poly(U). From the results it is concluded that ribosomal protein S26 is located at the mRNA binding site of rat liver ribosomes...

..These results suggest that Sxl recognizes and preferentially binds to a polyuridine stretch with a downstream AG sequence...

..Reduced rates of 2-5A-dependent RNA cleavage were observed even after removal of ATP and chelation of divalent cations. However, optimal RNA cleavage rates required the presence of either manganese or magnesium and ATP...

..Thus, this well characterized alternative splicing factor regulates at least one target transcript by a distinct mechanism...

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..Comparison with the binding of the same drugs to the duplex reveals that the occupation of the major groove in poly(rA).2poly(rU) by the third strand plays a critical role in the kinetic behavior...

..Gel-filtration assay showed that all of the Rbp proteins have higher affinities to poly(G) and poly(U) than to poly(A) and poly(C)...

..With the best fitted values of ass and bss, our calculations of delta gamma PB are in close quantitative agreement with experimental observations on each of five nucleic acid order-disorder transitions...

..These data suggest that following post-transcriptional oligo uridylation of an mRNA or mRNA fragment, the U-tract has the capacity to specifically stimulate 5' end decapping to expedite mRNA decay...

..Taken together, the present results indicate that the interface residues that bind with GU8 and CUAGUG are much the same, but the role of the Y214 residue is clearly different between these two target sequences...

..Furthermore, when 14 mouse cDNA sequences were used as test templates, the protein yields of nine templates in the K42T system were 1.2-2 times higher than that of the wild-type...

..The part of the S5 polypeptide involved in control of translational fidelity is different from regions altered in spectinomycin resistant strains and in the alanyl-tRNA synthetase suppressor mutant...

..Strikingly, the Q97P variant was completely inactive in ternary complex formation, accounting for its inability to function in polymerization. The structural basis of these observations is discussed...

..pombe. Furthermore, a considerable amount of Phe-tRNA binding activity was distributed in the EF-1H (probably EF-1 alpha beta gamma) fraction from freshly prepared cell-free extracts of yeast...

..These data suggest that stimulation of translational rates in response to PMA is mediated, at least in part, by phosphorylation of valyl-tRNA synthetase and EF-1...

..Thus, phosphorylation and activation of EF-1 by protein kinase C, which has been shown to occur in vitro as well as in reticulocytes, may have a role in PMA stimulation of translational rates...

..Taking all these results together, it is suggested that LRP130, a novel type of RNA-binding protein, associates with mRNA/mRNP complexes at the outside of NE and ER, and plays a role in control of mRNA metabolisms...

..More extensive study of poly(A)poly(U) might give more fruitful results, which will give valuable information for future clinical trials of this lowly toxic promising agent...

..This study shows that hnRNP K augments efficiency of VEGF mRNA translation stimulated by ANG II...

..Thus, nicotinic stimulation produces a transcription-dependent increase in TH mRNA half-life that is mediated by previously unrecognized TH mRNA binding proteins...

..The ability of the NS2 proteins to form virus inclusion body-like structures in baculovirus-infected cells is not affected by the ssRNA-binding disparity...

..The RNA binding properties of this protein and its tight association with the nuclear matrix, a subnuclear compartment involved in DNA replication as well as RNA synthesis and processing, suggest a role for ZNF74 in RNA metabolism...

..The interaction of QA with the above nucleic acids lead to a different change in the chain stability and flexibility which is further related to the different denaturation tendency of the polymer in the presence of the metal surface...

..We propose a novel model for initiation of replication of the norovirus genome by 3D(pol), with a VPg-protein-primed initiation of replication of polyadenylated genomic RNA and a de novo initiation of replication of antigenomic RNA...

..Moreover, the immunoprecipitated DDX1 complex but not purified DDX1 can unwind double-stranded RNA having single-stranded poly(A) overhangs...

..Together, our results identify several Ntr-PAPs and PNPase in organelle polyadenylation, and reveal novel poly(U)-rich sequences in Chlamydomonas mitochondria...

..Furthermore, the amino-terminal sequence was found to be strikingly similar to that of the Xenopus laevis mtSSB-1 and to a lesser extent similar to E. coli SSB and E. coli F sex factor SSB...

..These data suggest that the NTPase activity of the NS3 protein may be regulated by the viral NS5 protein during virus replication...

..During this phase, AcPhe-puromycin is produced from a new, modified ribosomal complex with a lower catalytic rate constant. Thus, sparsomycin also acts as a modifier of eukaryotic peptidyltransferase activity...

..Due to the easiness of genetic manipulations the cyanobacterium will provide an excellent system to analyze the function of not only cyanobacterial but also plant RNA-binding proteins...

..These findings suggest that A26 is a regulator of the biochemical functions of SsEF-2. The involvement of this alanine residue in the guanine nucleotide-binding pocket of EF-2 or EF-G is discussed...

..This study is aimed to elucidate the specificity of the alkaloid coralyne to poly(G), poly(C), poly(I) and poly(U) in the light of its ability in inducing self-structure in poly(A)...

The ability of spleen cells from poly A:poly U-treated mice to inhibit murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) replication in confluent monolayer cells of secondary mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) cultured at 37 and 40 degrees C was investigated...

..A pH of 4.0 and a temperature of 60 degrees C were required for optimal activity of the enzyme. The optimum pH was low compared with those reported for other mushroom ribonucleases...

..Decreased RNase activity and related increase of circulating oligonucleotides may favor the increase of nucleic acid "danger motifs", leading to TLRs activation...

..This supports the hypothesis that tauCstF-64 promotes germ-cell-specific patterns of polyadenylation by binding to different downstream sequence elements...

..This is possibly linked to the decomposition of unstable hydroperoxides which are formed in high yields in poly(U) and poly(C) (G = 0.7 and 0.19 mumol J-1, resp.).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)..

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..By contrast, the hydratase activity of AUH required an intact three-dimensional conformation, as most mutations downstream of Ser68 impaired enzymatic activity...

..The determination of K(er), k(6), and k(7) enables us to classify erythromycin as a slow-binding ligand of ribosomes...

..However, RNA 3'-ends produced by endonucleolytic cleavage by RNase E in single-strand regions of mRNA molecules may serve as efficient substrates for polyadenylation that direct these molecules for rapid exonucleolytic degradation...

..Thus, the combined data strongly support the idea that nidovirus helicases may represent a separate group of RNA virus-encoded helicases with distinct properties...

..An analogous effect of reconstitution on the efficiency of ribosomes in binding AcPhe-tRNA was evident not only during the initial phase but throughout the starvation period...

..Furthermore, stoichiometric study suggested that the complex structure is a triple helix consisting of two s-SPG and one poly(C) or poly(A) chains...

..The EWS-b protein binds to RNA in vitro and, specifically, to poly G and poly U. The RNA binding activity was localized to the carboxy terminal 86 amino acids, which constitute RGG box...

..abstract truncated at 250 words)..

..Interdomain interactions must be important for the stabilisation of the structure of domain I, since isolated T. thermophilus EF-TuI is thermolabile despite the presence of the 181-190 loop.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)..

..These findings suggest that HCV NS5B is able to initiate RNA synthesis de novo...

..In vitro binding assay with the use of poly U monopolymeric RNA-coupled beads demonstrated that the RNA-binding property of hnRNP K is negatively regulated by ..

..Transfection of LNCaP cells with the ANXA2 gene resulted in the up-regulation of c-Myc protein. These findings identify ANXA2 as a Ca(2+)-dependent RNA-binding protein that interacts with the mRNA of the nuclear oncogene, c-myc...

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..This information and the derived models are vital for better strategies of HCV diagnosis and treatment, and the improved designs of antivirals and vaccines. ..

..Such defects in morphology and DNA content are hallmarks of aggressive cancer cells, and the research proposed here will contribute to a better understanding of how these alterations arise. ..

..Sequences of the newly identified UTP-specific transferases will be used to establish characteristic protein motifs for this family of enzymes. ..

..These proteins control stem cells and participate in the formation of memory. Understanding how they work should provide practical opportunities for intervention. ..

..In focusing sharply on a few specific examples, we hope to illuminate the broad molecular questions of how 3'UTR controls function, evolve, and coordinate exoression of multiole mRNAs. ..

..We focus sharply on PUF proteins to illuminate broadly how 3'UTR controls function, evolve, and coordinate expression of multiple mRNAs. ..

..There is no cure for this disease or any mitigating therapy. This proposal will address a novel area of growth factor regulation that may contribute to the cause of this disease, and thus may ultimately lead to novel therapies. ..

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..The information gathered will impact practical applications, such as optimizing expression of exogenously introduced genes as well as understanding -and ultimately controlling-growth deregulation found in cancerous cells. ..

..There is no cure for this disease or any mitigating therapy. This proposal will address a novel area of growth factor regulation that may contribute to the cause of this disease, and thus may ultimately lead to novel therapies. ..

..These proteins control stem cells and participate in the formation of memory. Understanding how they work should provide practical opportunities for intervention. ..

..This information could hasten the development of new, mechanism-based interventions for lung disorders, including acute lung injury or lung neoplasia. ..

..Our detailed investigations of the regulation of c-mos, a proto-oncogene normally expressed only in the germ line, bear on how cell division is controlled both in normal and abnormal growth. ..

..Through genetic and biochemical interaction analyses, Nup153 will be used to construct a bigger picture of key connections made between export machinery components. ..

..There is no cure for this disease or any mitigating therapy. This proposal will address a novel area of growth factor regulation that may contribute to the cause of this disease, and thus may ultimately lead to novel therapies. ..

..This work may suggest new therapeutic approaches to a variety of inflammatory or neoplastic lung diseases for which current therapy is often unsatisfactory. ..

..Sequences of the newly identified UTP-specific transferases will be used to establish characteristic protein motifs for this family of enzymes. ..

..Targeting essential parasite-specific enzymes, such as mitochondrial RNA editing terminal uridylyl transferases (TUTases), is a promising approach toward a new generation of trypanocides. ..