glucagon

Summary

Summary: A pancreatic peptide hormone of about 29 amino acids secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS. It has an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511)

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1 augments insulin-mediated glucose uptake in the obese state
    Josephine M Egan
    Diabetes Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:3768-73. 2002
  2. ncbi Glycemic control in mice with targeted disruption of the glucagon receptor gene
    Janice C Parker
    Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 290:839-43. 2002
  3. ncbi Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into insulin, somatostatin, and glucagon expressing cells
    Katharina Timper
    Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 341:1135-40. 2006
  4. ncbi Insulin signaling in alpha cells modulates glucagon secretion in vivo
    Dan Kawamori
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Cell Metab 9:350-61. 2009
  5. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide 1 can directly protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury
    Amal K Bose
    The Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Studies, University College London Hospital and Medical School, Grafton Way, London WC1E, UK
    Diabetes 54:146-51. 2005
  6. ncbi Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on endothelial function in type 2 diabetes patients with stable coronary artery disease
    Thomas Nystrom
    Dept of Internal Medicine, Stockholm South Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE 118 83, Sweden
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287:E1209-15. 2004
  7. ncbi Glutamate is a positive autocrine signal for glucagon release
    Over Cabrera
    Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    Cell Metab 7:545-54. 2008
  8. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1 promotes islet cell growth and inhibits apoptosis in Zucker diabetic rats
    Loredana Farilla
    Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
    Endocrinology 143:4397-408. 2002
  9. ncbi Production of functional glucagon-secreting α-cells from human embryonic stem cells
    Alireza Rezania
    BetaLogics Venture, Centocor Research and Development, Skillman, New Jersey, USA
    Diabetes 60:239-47. 2011
  10. ncbi Glucagon like peptide-1 is protective against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury when given either as a preconditioning mimetic or at reperfusion in an isolated rat heart model
    Amal K Bose
    The Hatter Institute and Centre for Cardiology, University College London Hospital and Medical School, London, UK
    Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 19:9-11. 2005

Research Grants

  1. Effect of exendin-(9-39) on glucose metabolism in subjects with hyperinsulinism
    DIVA DE LEON; Fiscal Year: 2007
  2. NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF PEPTIDE INDUCED SATIETY
    Robert C Ritter; Fiscal Year: 2010
  3. 8th International Symposium for VIP, PACAP & Related Peptides
    Victor May; Fiscal Year: 2007
  4. PANCREAS AND ISLET TRANSPLANTATION IN HUMANS
    R Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2005
  5. Control of cAMP-mediated glucagon response by bile acids
    Bernard Bouscarel; Fiscal Year: 2005
  6. Control of cAMP Mediated Glucagon Response by Bile Acids
    Norman H Lee; Fiscal Year: 2010
  7. Control of cAMP Mediated Glucagon Response by Bile Acids
    Bernard Bouscarel; Fiscal Year: 2009
  8. Potential Mechanisms of Glucagon-like peptide-1 in Fatty Liver Disease
    Frank A Anania; Fiscal Year: 2010
  9. Potential Mechanisms of Glucagon-like peptide-1 in Fatty Liver Disease
    Frank Anania; Fiscal Year: 2009
  10. Potential Mechanisms of Glucagon-like peptide-1 in Fatty Liver Disease
    Frank Anania; Fiscal Year: 2007

Detail Information

Publications245 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1 augments insulin-mediated glucose uptake in the obese state
    Josephine M Egan
    Diabetes Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:3768-73. 2002
    The insulinotropic hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is being examined as a potential new agent for treatment in type 2 diabetic patients...
  2. ncbi Glycemic control in mice with targeted disruption of the glucagon receptor gene
    Janice C Parker
    Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 290:839-43. 2002
    The action of glucagon in the liver is mediated by G-coupled receptors. To examine the role of glucagon in glucose homeostasis, we have generated mice in which the glucagon receptor was inactivated (GR(-/-) mice)...
  3. ncbi Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into insulin, somatostatin, and glucagon expressing cells
    Katharina Timper
    Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 341:1135-40. 2006
    ..Using quantitative PCR a down-regulation of ABCG2 and up-regulation of pancreatic developmental transcription factors Isl-1, Ipf-1, and Ngn3 were observed together with induction of the islet hormones insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin.
  4. ncbi Insulin signaling in alpha cells modulates glucagon secretion in vivo
    Dan Kawamori
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
    Cell Metab 9:350-61. 2009
    b>Glucagon plays an important role in glucose homeostasis by regulating hepatic glucose output in both normo- and hypoglycemic conditions...
  5. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide 1 can directly protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury
    Amal K Bose
    The Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Studies, University College London Hospital and Medical School, Grafton Way, London WC1E, UK
    Diabetes 54:146-51. 2005
    b>Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a gut incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion, also activates antiapoptotic signaling pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase in pancreatic and insulinoma ..
  6. ncbi Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on endothelial function in type 2 diabetes patients with stable coronary artery disease
    Thomas Nystrom
    Dept of Internal Medicine, Stockholm South Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE 118 83, Sweden
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287:E1209-15. 2004
    GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying, and inhibits small bowel motility, all actions contributing to the anti-diabetogenic peptide effect...
  7. ncbi Glutamate is a positive autocrine signal for glucagon release
    Over Cabrera
    Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
    Cell Metab 7:545-54. 2008
    An important feature of glucose homeostasis is the effective release of glucagon from the pancreatic alpha cell. The molecular mechanisms regulating glucagon secretion are still poorly understood...
  8. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1 promotes islet cell growth and inhibits apoptosis in Zucker diabetic rats
    Loredana Farilla
    Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
    Endocrinology 143:4397-408. 2002
    ..In this study, we investigated the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in Zucker diabetic rats, an animal model in which the onset of diabetes occurs when the ..
  9. ncbi Production of functional glucagon-secreting α-cells from human embryonic stem cells
    Alireza Rezania
    BetaLogics Venture, Centocor Research and Development, Skillman, New Jersey, USA
    Diabetes 60:239-47. 2011
    ..Here we describe an efficient differentiation protocol for the in vitro conversion of hES cells to functional glucagon-producing α- cells.
  10. ncbi Glucagon like peptide-1 is protective against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury when given either as a preconditioning mimetic or at reperfusion in an isolated rat heart model
    Amal K Bose
    The Hatter Institute and Centre for Cardiology, University College London Hospital and Medical School, London, UK
    Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 19:9-11. 2005
  11. ncbi Generation of insulin-producing islet-like clusters from human embryonic stem cells
    Jianjie Jiang
    Cell Therapy Research, Geron Corporation, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
    Stem Cells 25:1940-53. 2007
    ..The hESC-derived ILCs contained 2%-8% human C-peptide-positive cells, as well as glucagon- and somatostatin-positive cells...
  12. ncbi Persistent improvement of type 2 diabetes in the Goto-Kakizaki rat model by expansion of the beta-cell mass during the prediabetic period with glucagon-like peptide-1 or exendin-4
    Cécile Tourrel
    LPPN, CNRS UMR 7059, Universite Paris 7, Paris, France
    Diabetes 51:1443-52. 2002
    ..We investigated in GK females the short- and the long-term effects of a treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) or its long-acting analog exendin-4 (Ex-4) during the first postnatal week (during the ..
  13. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1 decreases endogenous amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) levels and protects hippocampal neurons from death induced by Abeta and iron
    TracyAnn Perry
    Section of Drug Design and Development, Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
    J Neurosci Res 72:603-12. 2003
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)-amide (GLP-1) is an endogenous insulinotropic peptide that is secreted from the gastrointestinal tract in response to food...
  14. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide 1 abolishes the postprandial rise in triglyceride concentrations and lowers levels of non-esterified fatty acids in humans
    J J Meier
    Department of Medicine I, St Josef Hospital, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
    Diabetologia 49:452-8. 2006
    ..Exogenous glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) lowers postprandial glycaemia predominantly by slowing gastric emptying...
  15. ncbi Patients with neuroglycopenia after gastric bypass surgery have exaggerated incretin and insulin secretory responses to a mixed meal
    A B Goldfine
    Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:4678-85. 2007
    ..The etiology of the syndrome and metabolic characteristics remain incompletely understood. Recent studies suggest that levels of incretin hormones are increased after GB and may promote excessive beta-cell function and/or growth...
  16. ncbi Glutamine potently stimulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion from GLUTag cells
    F Reimann
    Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust MRC Building, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
    Diabetologia 47:1592-601. 2004
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) are secreted from enteroendocrine L cells in response to nutrient ingestion...
  17. ncbi Direct and indirect mechanisms regulating secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon-like peptide-2
    Patricia L Brubaker
    Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
    Can J Physiol Pharmacol 81:1005-12. 2003
    The proglucagon-derived peptide family consists of three highly related peptides, glucagon and the glucagon-like peptides GLP-1 and GLP-2...
  18. ncbi Distribution of pancreatic endocrine cells including IAPP-expressing cells in non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic cases
    Katsumichi Iki
    UNMC Eppley Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 6805, USA
    J Histochem Cytochem 55:111-8. 2007
    ..immunohistochemical study was performed to obtain information on the distribution of cells expressing insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and IAPP in the pancreases of non-diabetic (n=4) and diabetic ..
  19. ncbi Novel use of glucagon in a closed-loop system for prevention of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes
    Jessica R Castle
    Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
    Diabetes Care 33:1282-7. 2010
    To minimize hypoglycemia in subjects with type 1 diabetes by automated glucagon delivery in a closed-loop insulin delivery system.
  20. ncbi Glucagon signaling modulates sweet taste responsiveness
    Amanda E T Elson
    Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 S Penn St, Rm S251, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
    FASEB J 24:3960-9. 2010
    ..We report that glucagon, which plays important roles in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis, enhances sweet taste responsiveness ..
  21. ncbi Divergent tissue-specific and developmental expression of receptors for glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 in the mouse
    R V Campos
    Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Endocrinology 134:2156-64. 1994
    ..The receptors for two of these peptides, glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), have recently been identified, but only limited information is available ..
  22. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-2 inhibits antral emptying in man, but is not as potent as glucagon-like peptide-1
    C F Nagell
    Dept. of Surgical Gastroenterology, Glostrup University Hospital, Denmark
    Scand J Gastroenterol 39:353-8. 2004
    BACKGROUND: GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GLP-2 (glucagon-like peptide-2) are released in equimolar amounts in response to meal ingestion...
  23. ncbi Glucagon receptor knockout prevents insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes in mice
    Young Lee
    Touchstone Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
    Diabetes 60:391-7. 2011
    To determine the role of glucagon action in the metabolic phenotype of untreated insulin deficiency.
  24. ncbi Liver enzymes are associated with hepatic insulin resistance, insulin secretion, and glucagon concentration in healthy men and women
    Fabrice Bonnet
    Service endocrinologie diabétologie, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire CHU Rennes, University Rennes 1, Inserm UMR 991, Rennes, France
    Diabetes 60:1660-7. 2011
    ..We explored the association of liver enzymes with peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance, insulin secretion, insulin clearance, and glucagon concentration.
  25. ncbi Regulation of the pancreatic pro-endocrine gene neurogenin3
    J C Lee
    Hormone Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA
    Diabetes 50:928-36. 2001
    ..Together with previous genetic data, these results suggest a model in which the ngn3 gene is activated by the coordinated activities of several pancreatic transcription factors and inhibited by Notch signaling through HES1...
  26. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1 plasmid construction and delivery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
    Suna Choi
    Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East, Biochemical Polymer Research Building RM201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5820, USA
    Mol Ther 12:885-91. 2005
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino-acid hormone produced by intestinal L cells...
  27. ncbi Characterization and functional role of voltage gated cation conductances in the glucagon-like peptide-1 secreting GLUTag cell line
    F Reimann
    Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wellcome Trust MRC Building, Addenbrooke s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
    J Physiol 563:161-75. 2005
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is released from intestinal L-cells in response to nutrient ingestion. It is currently under therapeutic evaluation because it enhances insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes...
  28. ncbi Glucose suppression of glucagon secretion: metabolic and calcium responses from alpha-cells in intact mouse pancreatic islets
    Sylvain J Le Marchand
    Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
    J Biol Chem 285:14389-98. 2010
    b>Glucagon is released from alpha-cells present in intact pancreatic islets at glucose concentrations below 4 mm, whereas higher glucose levels inhibit its secretion...
  29. ncbi Localization and regulation of glucagon receptors in the chick eye and preproglucagon and glucagon receptor expression in the mouse eye
    Marita P Feldkaemper
    Section of Neurobiology of the Eye, University Eye Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 7 1, 72076, Germany
    Exp Eye Res 79:321-9. 2004
    ..that are released by the retina to control axial eye growth in the animal model of the chicken revealed that glucagon-immunoreactive amacrine cells are involved in the retinal image processing that controls the growth of the sclera...
  30. ncbi Mixed-meal tolerance test versus glucagon stimulation test for the assessment of beta-cell function in therapeutic trials in type 1 diabetes
    Carla J Greenbaum
    TrialNet Publications, The Biostatistics Center, Rockville, Maryland, USA
    Diabetes Care 31:1966-71. 2008
    ..is commonly measured by C-peptide response to a secretagogue in either a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) or a glucagon stimulation test (GST)...
  31. ncbi Elevated plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 concentrations in ileum resected short bowel patients with a preserved colon
    P B Jeppesen
    Department of Medicine CA 2121, Section of Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
    Gut 47:370-6. 2000
    The glucagon-like peptides (GLP) 1 and 2 are secreted postprandially from L cells located mainly in the ileum. Both hormones prolong intestinal transit and GLP-2 is intestinotrophic in rodents...
  32. ncbi CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta is required for activation of genes for ornithine cycle enzymes by glucocorticoids and glucagon in primary-cultured hepatocytes
    T Kimura
    Department of Molecular Genetics, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan
    FEBS Lett 494:105-11. 2001
    Transcription of genes for enzymes of the ornithine cycle is activated by hormones such as glucocorticoids and glucagon. Promoters and enhancers of several genes for the enzymes interact with the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) ..
  33. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) converts intestinal epithelial cells into insulin-producing cells
    Atsushi Suzuki
    Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8575, Japan
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:5034-9. 2003
    b>Glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 1 is produced through posttranslational processing of proglucagon and acts as a regulator of various homeostatic events...
  34. ncbi The glucagon-like peptides
    T J Kieffer
    Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
    Endocr Rev 20:876-913. 1999
  35. ncbi The effect of physiological levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 on appetite, gastric emptying, energy and substrate metabolism in obesity
    A Flint
    Research Department of Human Nutrition, Center for Food Research, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 30, DK 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
    Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 25:781-92. 2001
    Peripheral infusions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans have been shown to inhibit gastrointestinal motility and decrease hunger and energy intake. However, these investigations used supraphysiological doses...
  36. ncbi Bile acids promote glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through TGR5 in a murine enteroendocrine cell line STC-1
    Susumu Katsuma
    Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611 0011, Japan
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 329:386-90. 2005
    ..In this study, we show that bile acids promote glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion through TGR5 in a murine enteroendocrine cell line STC-1...
  37. ncbi A novel neurotrophic property of glucagon-like peptide 1: a promoter of nerve growth factor-mediated differentiation in PC12 cells
    TracyAnn Perry
    Section of Drug, Design, and Development, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 300:958-66. 2002
    The insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36)-amide (GLP-1) has potent effects on glucose-dependent insulin secretion, insulin gene expression, and pancreatic islet cell formation and is presently in clinical trials as a ..
  38. ncbi Active metabolite of GLP-1 mediates myocardial glucose uptake and improves left ventricular performance in conscious dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy
    Lazaros A Nikolaidis
    Dept of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, 320 E North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
    Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 289:H2401-8. 2005
    We have shown previously that the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-(7-36) amide increases myocardial glucose uptake and improves left ventricular (LV) and systemic hemodynamics in both conscious dogs with pacing-induced dilated ..
  39. ncbi Glucagon represses signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin in rat liver by activating AMP-activated protein kinase
    Scot R Kimball
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
    J Biol Chem 279:54103-9. 2004
    The opposing actions of glucagon and insulin on glucose metabolism within the liver are essential mechanisms for maintaining plasma glucose concentrations within narrow limits...
  40. ncbi Effects of exenatide versus sitagliptin on postprandial glucose, insulin and glucagon secretion, gastric emptying, and caloric intake: a randomized, cross-over study
    Ralph A DeFronzo
    University of Texas Health Science Center, Department of Medicine, Diabetes Division MSC 7886, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229 3900, USA
    Curr Med Res Opin 24:2943-52. 2008
    This study evaluated the effects of exenatide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, and sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, on 2-h postprandial glucose (PPG), insulin and glucagon secretion, gastric emptying, and caloric intake in T2D patients.
  41. ncbi Inulin-type fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation (glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin) in rats
    Patrice D Cani
    Unit of Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Nutrition and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, , B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
    Br J Nutr 92:521-6. 2004
    ..dietary fructans are able to modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in the control of food intake, namely glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 (7-36) amide and ghrelin...
  42. ncbi Direct effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on myocardial contractility and glucose uptake in normal and postischemic isolated rat hearts
    Tingcun Zhao
    Department of Pediatrics, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 317:1106-13. 2006
    Recent evidence suggests that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) enhances recovery of left ventricular (LV) function after transient coronary artery occlusion...
  43. ncbi Pax6 is required for differentiation of glucagon-producing alpha-cells in mouse pancreas
    L St-Onge
    Max Planck Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany
    Nature 387:406-9. 1997
    ..core of the islet, whereas alpha-, delta- and gamma-cells are arranged at the periphery of the islet and secrete glucagon, somatostatin and a pancreatic polypeptide, respectively...
  44. ncbi Effects of a novel glucagon receptor antagonist (Bay 27-9955) on glucagon-stimulated glucose production in humans
    K F Petersen
    Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 8020, USA
    Diabetologia 44:2018-24. 2001
    To study the effects of a specific glucagon receptor antagonist (Bay 27-9955), on plasma glucose concentrations and rates of glucose production in response to hyperglucagonaemia in humans.
  45. ncbi Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 in patients with acute myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction after successful reperfusion
    Lazaros A Nikolaidis
    Cardiovascular Research Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
    Circulation 109:962-5. 2004
    ..b>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring incretin with both insulinotropic and insulinomimetic properties ..
  46. ncbi Adult insulin- and glucagon-producing cells differentiate from two independent cell lineages
    P L Herrera
    Department of Morphology, University of Geneva Medical School, rue Michel Servet, Switzerland
    Development 127:2317-22. 2000
    ..Adult glucagon alpha and insulin beta cells are shown to derive from cells that have never transcribed insulin or glucagon, ..
  47. ncbi A novel glucagon receptor antagonist inhibits glucagon-mediated biological effects
    Sajjad A Qureshi
    Department of Metabolic Disorder and Molecular Endocrinology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey, USA
    Diabetes 53:3267-73. 2004
    b>Glucagon maintains glucose homeostasis during the fasting state by promoting hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Hyperglucagonemia and/or an elevated glucagon-to-insulin ratio have been reported in diabetic patients and animals...
  48. ncbi Exendin-4 stimulates both beta-cell replication and neogenesis, resulting in increased beta-cell mass and improved glucose tolerance in diabetic rats
    G Xu
    Elliott P Joslin Research Laboratories, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
    Diabetes 48:2270-6. 1999
    ..Earlier, we reported that the intestinal hormone glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-I) effectively augments glucose-stimulated insulin secretion...
  49. ncbi Short-term administration of glucagon-like peptide-2. Effects on bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover in short-bowel patients with no colon
    K V Haderslev
    Dept of Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
    Scand J Gastroenterol 37:392-8. 2002
    b>Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is a newly discovered intestinotrophic hormone. We have recently reported that a 5-week GLP-2 treatment improved the intestinal absorptive capacity of short-bowel patients with no colon...
  50. ncbi Chronic administration of voglibose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, increases active glucagon-like peptide-1 levels by increasing its secretion and decreasing dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity in ob/ob mice
    Yusuke Moritoh
    Pharmacology Research Laboratories I, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Yodogawa ku, Osaka, Japan
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329:669-76. 2009
    Administration of an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, voglibose, increases the secretion of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, a key modulator of pancreatic islet hormone secretion and glucose homeostasis...
  51. ncbi Oral glutamine increases circulating glucagon-like peptide 1, glucagon, and insulin concentrations in lean, obese, and type 2 diabetic subjects
    Jerry R Greenfield
    Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Am J Clin Nutr 89:106-13. 2009
    Incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), play an important role in meal-related insulin secretion...
  52. ncbi Effect of vildagliptin on glucagon concentration during meals in patients with type 1 diabetes
    J E Foley
    Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, One Health Plaza, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
    Horm Metab Res 40:727-30. 2008
  53. ncbi Insulin as a physiological modulator of glucagon secretion
    Pritpal Bansal
    Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 295:E751-61. 2008
    Glucose homeostasis is regulated primarily by the opposing actions of insulin and glucagon, hormones that are secreted by pancreatic islets from beta-cells and alpha-cells, respectively...
  54. ncbi Improved glucose tolerance and insulin secretion by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV in mice
    B Ahren
    Department of Medicine, Malmo University Hospital, Lund University, S 205 02, Malmo, Sweden
    Eur J Pharmacol 404:239-45. 2000
    We explored whether inhibition of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) increases endogenous levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and improves glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in mice...
  55. ncbi Opposite effects of glucagon and insulin on compensation for spectacle lenses in chicks
    Xiaoying Zhu
    Department of Biology, City College, CUNY, New York, New York 10031, USA
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50:24-36. 2009
    Chick eyes compensate for the defocus imposed by positive or negative spectacle lenses. Glucagon may signal the sign of defocus...
  56. ncbi Alpha cell-specific Men1 ablation triggers the transdifferentiation of glucagon-expressing cells and insulinoma development
    JieLi Lu
    Laboratoire Génétique Moléculaire, Signalisation et Cancer, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, UMR5201, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon1, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
    Gastroenterology 138:1954-65. 2010
    ..The purpose of the current study was to address this issue in relation to islet tumor histogenesis...
  57. ncbi Long-term hyperglucagonaemia induces early metabolic and renal phenotypes of Type 2 diabetes in mice
    Xiao C Li
    Laboratory of Receptor and Signal Transduction, Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
    Clin Sci (Lond) 114:591-601. 2008
    Clinical studies have shown that patients with early Type 2 diabetes often have elevated serum glucagon rather than insulin deficiency...
  58. ncbi Paradoxical regulation of Sp1 transcription factor by glucagon
    Chithra N Keembiyehetty
    Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research Services, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38104, USA
    Endocrinology 143:1512-20. 2002
    Insulin is a potent regulator of Sp1 transcription factor. To examine if glucagon, which usually antagonizes insulin, regulates Sp1, we assessed the levels of Sp1 by Western blotting from H-411E cells exposed to glucagon with or without ..
  59. ncbi The potential role of glucagon-like peptide 1 in diabetes
    Juris J Meier
    Larry Hillblom Islet Research Center, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, 24 130 Warren Hill, 900 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 5:402-10. 2004
    The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has a promising potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes due to its glucose-dependent insulinotropic and glucagonostatic properties...
  60. ncbi Ablation of the glucagon receptor gene increases fetal lethality and produces alterations in islet development and maturation
    Patricia M Vuguin
    Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children s Hospital at Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, New York 10476, USA
    Endocrinology 147:3995-4006. 2006
    Although glucagon (GLU) plays a pivotal role in glucose homeostasis, its role in the regulation of fetal growth and maturation is poorly understood...
  61. ncbi Nestin expression in pancreatic endocrine and exocrine cells of mice lacking glucagon signaling
    Mamdouh H Kedees
    Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA
    Dev Dyn 236:1126-33. 2007
    ..One mutant line comprises mice lacking mature glucagon due to abrogation of proprotein convertase-2 (PC2(-/-)), responsible for the conversion of proglucagon into ..
  62. ncbi Tissue-specific and glucose-dependent expression of receptor genes for glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
    E Yamato
    Department of Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Japan
    Horm Metab Res 29:56-9. 1997
    Both glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) play an important role in the regulation of nutrient homeostasis. In this study, the tissue distributions of the expression of receptor genes for glucagon and GLP-1 were examined...
  63. ncbi Endogenous GLP-1 regulates postprandial glycemia in humans: relative contributions of insulin, glucagon, and gastric emptying
    Mathias Nicolaus
    Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96:229-36. 2011
    Synthetic glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36)amide (GLP-1) lowers postprandial (pp) glycemia by stimulating insulin and inhibiting glucagon release and delaying gastric emptying (GE)...
  64. ncbi Hormonal changes after Roux-en Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity and the control of type-II diabetes mellitus
    Ronald H Clements
    Department of Surgery, Section of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
    Am Surg 70:1-4; discussion 4-5. 2004
    ..with DM-II were evaluated for demographics and fasting levels of the following: glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, cortisol, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)...
  65. ncbi Insulin secretion and incretin hormones after oral glucose in non-obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
    E Rask
    Department of Medicine, , Ume, Sweden
    Metabolism 53:624-31. 2004
    ..in non-obese subjects with IGT and we also examined this interrelation in relation to the 2 main incretins, glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)...
  66. ncbi GLP-1 derivative liraglutide in rats with beta-cell deficiencies: influence of metabolic state on beta-cell mass dynamics
    Jeppe Sturis
    Discovery, Novo Nordisk A S, Novo Alle, DK 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
    Br J Pharmacol 140:123-32. 2003
    ....
  67. ncbi Type VIII adenylyl cyclase in rat beta cells: coincidence signal detector/generator for glucose and GLP-1
    D Delmeire
    Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Diabetes Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
    Diabetologia 46:1383-93. 2003
    ..synergistically stimulated by two signalling pathways which mediate the effects of nutrients and hormones such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) or glucagon...
  68. ncbi Effects of 3 months of continuous subcutaneous administration of glucagon-like peptide 1 in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes
    Graydon S Meneilly
    Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    Diabetes Care 26:2835-41. 2003
    OBJECTIVE: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an insulinotropic gut hormone that, when given exogenously, may be a useful agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes...
  69. ncbi Characterization of GLP-1 effects on beta-cell function after meal ingestion in humans
    Bo Ahren
    Department of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
    Diabetes Care 26:2860-4. 2003
    b>Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an incretin that augments insulin secretion after meal intake and is developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes...
  70. ncbi Degradation, receptor binding, insulin secreting and antihyperglycaemic actions of palmitate-derivatised native and Ala8-substituted GLP-1 analogues
    Brian D Green
    School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
    Biol Chem 385:169-77. 2004
    The hormone glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide (GLP-1) is released in response to ingested nutrients and acts to promote glucose-dependent insulin secretion ensuring efficient postprandial glucose homeostasis...
  71. ncbi The pathophysiology of diabetes involves a defective amplification of the late-phase insulin response to glucose by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide-regardless of etiology and phenotype
    T Vilsbøll
    Department of Internal Medicine F, Gentofte Hospital, DK 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:4897-903. 2003
    The effect of the insulinotropic incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is preserved in typical middle-aged, obese, insulin-resistant type 2 diabetic patients, whereas a defective amplification of the so-called late-phase ..
  72. ncbi Antihyperglycemic effects of stevioside in type 2 diabetic subjects
    Søren Gregersen
    Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism C, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
    Metabolism 53:73-6. 2004
    ..001). Stevioside tended to decrease glucagon levels, while it did not significantly alter the area under the insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and glucose-..
  73. ncbi Metabolic stability, receptor binding, cAMP generation, insulin secretion and antihyperglycaemic activity of novel N-terminal Glu9-substituted analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1
    Brian D Green
    School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
    Biol Chem 384:1543-51. 2003
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone with therapeutic potential for type 2 diabetes...
  74. ncbi Dietary fructose reduces circulating insulin and leptin, attenuates postprandial suppression of ghrelin, and increases triglycerides in women
    Karen L Teff
    Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:2963-72. 2004
    ....
  75. ncbi Initially more rapid small intestinal glucose delivery increases plasma insulin, GIP, and GLP-1 but does not improve overall glycemia in healthy subjects
    Reawika Chaikomin
    Department Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 289:E504-7. 2005
    ..is also dependent on stimulation of insulin secretion by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)...
  76. ncbi Distinct effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 on insulin secretion and gut motility
    Takashi Miki
    Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
    Diabetes 54:1056-63. 2005
    ..In contrast, pretreatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in Kir6...
  77. ncbi alpha-Glucosidase inhibition (acarbose) fails to enhance secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36 amide) and to delay gastric emptying in Type 2 diabetic patients
    K Hucking
    Medizinische Universitatsklinik, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum Langendreer Germany
    Diabet Med 22:470-6. 2005
    ..The aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of acarbose on GLP-1 release and gastric emptying in Type 2 diabetic patients after a mixed test meal...
  78. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1 and islet lipolysis
    M Sorhede Winzell
    Department of Medicine, Lund University, SE 22184 Lund, Sweden
    Horm Metab Res 36:795-803. 2004
    A role for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has been suggested in stimulating beta-cell lipolysis via elevation of cAMP and activation of protein kinase A, which in turn may activate hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), thereby contributing to ..
  79. ncbi Engineered beta-cells secreting dipeptidyl peptidase IV-resistant glucagon-like peptide-1 show enhanced glucose-responsiveness
    Md Shahidul Islam
    Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
    Life Sci 76:1239-48. 2005
    ..Reduced responsiveness of the beta-cells to glucose is a critical feature of this syndrome. Glucagon-like peptide 1, a product of the pro-glucagon gene makes beta-cells competent and has many other anti-diabetic ..
  80. ncbi Islet adaptation to insulin resistance: mechanisms and implications for intervention
    B Ahren
    Department of Medicine, Lund University, SE 221 84 Lund, Sweden
    Diabetes Obes Metab 7:2-8. 2005
    ..insulin resistance such as glucose, free fatty acids, autonomic nerves, fat-derived hormones and the gut hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)...
  81. ncbi Intraduodenal guar attenuates the fall in blood pressure induced by glucose in healthy older adults
    Christine Feinle-Bisset
    Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
    J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 60:940-6. 2005
    ..Blood pressure and heart rate were measured every 3 minutes. Levels of blood glucose, plasma insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependant insulinotropic-polypeptide (GIP) were also determined...
  82. ncbi Unique characteristics of the geriatric diabetic population and the role for therapeutic strategies that enhance glucagon-like peptide-1 activity
    Marie Thearle
    Columbia University, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, New York, New York, USA
    Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 8:9-16. 2005
    ..on these considerations, we discuss emerging therapeutic options based on the actions of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, which may be ideal for achieving glycemic control in the elderly diabetic patient...
  83. ncbi Overexpression of a dominant negative GIP receptor in transgenic mice results in disturbed postnatal pancreatic islet and beta-cell development
    Nadja Herbach
    Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
    Regul Pept 125:103-17. 2005
    ..These findings demonstrate in vivo evidence that intact signaling of G-protein coupled receptors is involved in postnatal islet and beta-cell development and neogenesis of the pancreatic islets...
  84. ncbi Glucagon-like peptide-1: regulation of insulin secretion and therapeutic potential
    Jesper Gromada
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Aarhus, Universitetsparken, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
    Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 95:252-62. 2004
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinally derived insulinotropic hormone currently under investigation for use as a novel therapeutic agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes...
  85. ncbi Reduction of beta cell mass: partial insulin secretory compensation from the residual beta cell population in the nicotinamide-streptozotocin Göttingen minipig after oral glucose in vivo and in the perfused pancreas
    M O Larsen
    Department of Pharmacology Research 1, Pharmacology, Research and Development, Novo Nordisk Park, F6 1 30, Novo Nordisk, 2760 Måløv, Denmark
    Diabetologia 47:1873-8. 2004
    ..The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a primary reduction in beta cell mass on beta cell function in vivo and in the perfused pancreas and to relate these characteristics to beta cell mass...
  86. ncbi Characterization of beta-cell function impairment in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects: modeling analysis of 24-h triple-meal tests
    Andrea Mari
    Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Padua, Italy
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288:E541-6. 2005
    ....
  87. ncbi Secretion of incretin hormones (GIP and GLP-1) and incretin effect after oral glucose in first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes
    Michael A Nauck
    Medizinische Klinik 1, St. Josef-Hospital, , Bochum D-44791, Germany
    Regul Pept 122:209-17. 2004
    ..Blood was drawn over 240 min for plasma glucose (glucose oxidase), insulin, C-peptide, GIP and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1; specific immunoassays)...
  88. ncbi Chronic inhibition of circulating dipeptidyl peptidase IV by FE 999011 delays the occurrence of diabetes in male zucker diabetic fatty rats
    Béatrice Sudre
    Ferring Research Institute and Division of Biology of Growth and Reproduction, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
    Diabetes 51:1461-9. 2002
    ..glucose tolerance in the Zucker fatty rat, a rodent model of impaired glucose tolerance, through stabilization of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1...
  89. ncbi Effect of variations in small intestinal glucose delivery on plasma glucose, insulin, and incretin hormones in healthy subjects and type 2 diabetes
    Selena Doran
    Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:3431-5. 2004
    ..Between t = 0 and 30 min the magnitude of the rise in plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 was greater with the variable, compared with the constant infusion (P < 0.01, both groups)...
  90. ncbi Hormone-sensitive lipase has a role in lipid signaling for insulin secretion but is nonessential for the incretin action of glucagon-like peptide 1
    Marie Line Peyot
    Molecular Nutrition Unit, Department of Nutrition, University of Montréal and the Centre Hospitalier de l Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Diabetes 53:1733-42. 2004
    ..The effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) on GSIS was also studied, as GLP-1 could augment GSIS via protein kinase A activation of ..
  91. ncbi Normal secretion and action of the gut incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in young men with low birth weight
    Jakob Hagen Schou
    Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 2, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:4912-9. 2005
    ..Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. An impaired incretin effect was reported previously in type 2 diabetic patients...
  92. ncbi Both GLP-1 and GIP are insulinotropic at basal and postprandial glucose levels and contribute nearly equally to the incretin effect of a meal in healthy subjects
    Tina Vilsbøll
    Department of Internal Medicine F, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
    Regul Pept 114:115-21. 2003
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are both incretin hormones regulating postprandial insulin secretion...
  93. ncbi Mouse pancreatic beta-cells exhibit preserved glucose competence after disruption of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor gene
    D Flamez
    Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
    Diabetes 47:646-52. 1998
    Previous work suggested that glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) can acutely regulate insulin secretion in two ways, 1) by acting as an incretin, causing amplification of glucose-induced insulin release when glucose is given orally as opposed ..
  94. ncbi Assessment of the role of interstitial glucagon in the acute glucose secretory responsiveness of in situ pancreatic beta-cells
    Karen Moens
    Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
    Diabetes 51:669-75. 2002
    b>Glucagon is a potent stimulator of insulin release in the presence of a permissive glucose concentration, activating beta-cells in vitro via both glucagon- and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-receptors...
  95. ncbi Effect of 6-week course of glucagon-like peptide 1 on glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, and beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes: a parallel-group study
    Mette Zander
    Department of Medical Physiology, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
    Lancet 359:824-30. 2002
    b>Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has been proposed as a treatment for type 2 diabetes. We have investigated the long-term effects of continuous administration of this peptide hormone in a 6-week pilot study.
  96. ncbi The multifaceted potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 as a therapeutic agent
    N T Lam
    Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of Alberta-Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
    Minerva Endocrinol 27:79-93. 2002
    b>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an intestinal gut hormone, is rapidly emerging as a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus...
  97. ncbi Long-term inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV improves glucose tolerance and preserves islet function in mice
    M Kvist Reimer
    Department of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
    Eur J Endocrinol 146:717-27. 2002
    OBJECTIVES: Inhibitors of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-degrading enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), are being explored in the treatment of diabetes...
  98. ncbi Gastric inhibitory polypeptide: the neglected incretin revisited
    Juris J Meier
    Medizinische Klinik I, St. Josef-Hospital, , Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
    Regul Pept 107:1-13. 2002
    ..This so-called "incretin effect" is primarily conferred by Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP)...
  99. ncbi Defective amplification of the late phase insulin response to glucose by GIP in obese Type II diabetic patients
    T Vilsbøll
    Department of Internal Medicine F, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Niels Andersens Vej 65, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
    Diabetologia 45:1111-9. 2002
    b>Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) is strongly insulinotropic in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, whereas glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is less effective...
  100. ncbi The long-acting GLP-1 derivative NN2211 ameliorates glycemia and increases beta-cell mass in diabetic mice
    Bidda Rolin
    Novo Nordisk, DK 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 283:E745-52. 2002
    NN2211 is a long-acting, metabolically stable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) derivative designed for once daily administration in humans...
  101. ncbi Determinants of the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetes
    M B Toft-Nielsen
    Department of Endocrinology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:3853-60. 2001
    ..plasma glucose: fasting plasma glucose, fasting nonesterified fatty acid, dipeptidyl peptidase activity, delta glucagon decrement, F-GLP-1 total, logarithm of beta-cell function, and Kg) as independent parameters resulted in fasting ..

Research Grants77

  1. Effect of exendin-(9-39) on glucose metabolism in subjects with hyperinsulinism
    DIVA DE LEON; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..in (-cells, recent studies suggest that the KATP channels may play a role in glucose sensing and secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) by intestinal L-cells...
  2. NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF PEPTIDE INDUCED SATIETY
    Robert C Ritter; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..is to define the neural mechanisms through which gastrointestinal hormones, especially cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-related peptide (CCK), control food intake and to appreciate how these substrates are involved in the physiology ..
  3. 8th International Symposium for VIP, PACAP & Related Peptides
    Victor May; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..amino acid homology with the other related peptides, including growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), GLP-2, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is more distant but ..
  4. PANCREAS AND ISLET TRANSPLANTATION IN HUMANS
    R Robertson; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..to beta cells; and developing a better understanding of the failure of the intrahepatic alpha cell to secrete glucagon during hypoglycemia. The Specific Aims for this proposal are: Specific Aim # 1...
  5. Control of cAMP-mediated glucagon response by bile acids
    Bernard Bouscarel; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..80 percent of cirrhotic patients display glucose intolerance associated with decreased gluconeogenic response to glucagon. Regulation of helpatocellular metabolism by glucagon is in part through increased cAMP synthesis...
  6. Control of cAMP Mediated Glucagon Response by Bile Acids
    Norman H Lee; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..and 80% of cirrhotic patients display glucose intolerance associated with a decreased gluconeogenic response to glucagon. This decreased glucagon-induced hepatocellular glucose production is due to a significant hepatic resistance to ..
  7. Control of cAMP Mediated Glucagon Response by Bile Acids
    Bernard Bouscarel; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..and 80% of cirrhotic patients display glucose intolerance associated with a decreased gluconeogenic response to glucagon. This decreased glucagon-induced hepatocellular glucose production is due to a significant hepatic resistance to ..
  8. Potential Mechanisms of Glucagon-like peptide-1 in Fatty Liver Disease
    Frank A Anania; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..At present there is limited therapy for fatty liver disease. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring gut peptide secreted by the L cells of the small intestine...
  9. Potential Mechanisms of Glucagon-like peptide-1 in Fatty Liver Disease
    Frank Anania; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..At present there is limited therapy for fatty liver disease. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring gut peptide secreted by the L cells of the small intestine...
  10. Potential Mechanisms of Glucagon-like peptide-1 in Fatty Liver Disease
    Frank Anania; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..At present there is limited therapy for fatty liver disease. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring gut peptide secreted by the L cells of the small intestine...
  11. Changes in neural response to eating after bariatric surgery: MRI results
    THOMAS A contact WADDEN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Furthermore, postprandial increases in the satiety factors, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY3-36), are significantly increased after RYGB, compared with LAGB...
  12. XENIN-25: NOVEL REGULATOR OF INSULIN SECRETION AND B-CELL FUNCTION
    Burton M Wice; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..b>Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are the two major incretins most ..
  13. Control of cAMP-mediated glucagon response by bile acids
    Bernard Bouscarel; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..and 80% of cirrhotic patients display glucose intolerance associated with a decreased gluconeogenic response to glucagon. This decreased glucagon-induced hepatocellular glucose production is due to a significant hepatic resistance to ..
  14. Regulation of Renal Cortical Adenosine Levels
    Edwin Jackson; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..b>Glucagon is a pancreatic hormone secreted into the portal circulation...
  15. NUTRITION, INFECTION AND HEPATIC CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
    Owen McGuinness; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We believe the fall in glucagon during NS is essential to allowing the adaptation to occur...