leucine

Summary

Summary: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Structural organization and interactions of transmembrane domains in tetraspanin proteins
    Oleg V Kovalenko
    Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
    BMC Struct Biol 5:11. 2005
  2. ncbi A putative leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase involved in brassinosteroid signal transduction
    J Li
    Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
    Cell 90:929-38. 1997
  3. ncbi Overexpression of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 in colorectal cancer
    Hiroshi Uchida
    Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
    Cancer Sci 101:1731-7. 2010
  4. ncbi Leucine-enriched essential amino acid and carbohydrate ingestion following resistance exercise enhances mTOR signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle
    Hans C Dreyer
    Department of Physical Therapy, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 1144, USA
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 294:E392-400. 2008
  5. ncbi Antagonistic effects of leucine and glutamine on the mTOR pathway in myogenic C2C12 cells
    L Deldicque
    Département d Education Physique et de Réadaptation, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
    Amino Acids 35:147-55. 2008
  6. ncbi Leucine in food mediates some of the postprandial rise in plasma leptin concentrations
    Christopher J Lynch
    Dept of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 291:E621-30. 2006
  7. ncbi The central leucine-rich repeat region of chicken TLR16 dictates unique ligand specificity and species-specific interaction with TLR2
    A Marijke Keestra
    Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
    J Immunol 178:7110-9. 2007
  8. ncbi N-((1S)-1-{[4-((2S)-2-{[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-3-hydroxypropanoyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl}-3-methylbutyl)-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide (GSK1016790A), a novel and potent transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel agonist induces urinar
    Kevin S Thorneloe
    Cardiovascular and Urogenital Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, 709 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 326:432-42. 2008
  9. ncbi Neurotransmitter/sodium symporter orthologue LeuT has a single high-affinity substrate site
    Chayne L Piscitelli
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
    Nature 468:1129-32. 2010
  10. ncbi Characterization of two LGR genes homologous to gonadotropin and thyrotropin receptors with extracellular leucine-rich repeats and a G protein-coupled, seven-transmembrane region
    S Y Hsu
    Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Stanford University Medical School, California 94305 5317, USA
    Mol Endocrinol 12:1830-45. 1998

Research Grants

  1. SMOOTH MUSCLE MYOSIN PHOSPHATASE SUBUNIT ISOFORMS
    Steven A Fisher; Fiscal Year: 2010
  2. SMOOTH MUSCLE MYOSIN PHOSPHATASE SUBUNIT ISOFORMS
    Steven Fisher; Fiscal Year: 2007
  3. Nutrition and Anabolic Interventions in Cancer Cachexia
    Melinda Sheffield Moore; Fiscal Year: 2010
  4. ENTERAL PRECURSORS FOR UREA SYNTHESIS IN HUMANS
    Brendan Lee; Fiscal Year: 2006
  5. ENTERAL PRECURSORS FOR UREA SYNTHESIS IN HUMANS
    H Gaskins; Fiscal Year: 2002
  6. PERIPLASMIC RECEPTORS OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT AND CHEMOTAXIS
    Florante Quiocho; Fiscal Year: 1993
  7. DNA METHYLATION AND PILI GENE REGULATION
    David Low; Fiscal Year: 2006
  8. 18F-FACBC PET-CT for the Detection and Staging of Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma
    David Schuster; Fiscal Year: 2007
  9. NLR Family Proteins: Mechanisms and Regulation
    John Reed; Fiscal Year: 2009
  10. NLR Family Proteins: Mechanisms and Regulation
    John C Reed; Fiscal Year: 2010

Detail Information

Publications290 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Structural organization and interactions of transmembrane domains in tetraspanin proteins
    Oleg V Kovalenko
    Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
    BMC Struct Biol 5:11. 2005
    ..While structure and function analysis of the larger extracellular loop has been performed, the organization and role of transmembrane domains have not been systematically assessed...
  2. ncbi A putative leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase involved in brassinosteroid signal transduction
    J Li
    Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
    Cell 90:929-38. 1997
    ..It encodes a ubiquitously expressed putative receptor kinase. The extracellular domain contains 25 tandem leucine-rich repeats that resemble repeats found in animal hormone receptors, plant disease resistance genes, and genes ..
  3. ncbi Overexpression of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 in colorectal cancer
    Hiroshi Uchida
    Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
    Cancer Sci 101:1731-7. 2010
    b>Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is a 7-transmembrane receptor reportedly expressed in stem cells of the intestinal crypts and hair follicles of mice...
  4. ncbi Leucine-enriched essential amino acid and carbohydrate ingestion following resistance exercise enhances mTOR signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle
    Hans C Dreyer
    Department of Physical Therapy, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 1144, USA
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 294:E392-400. 2008
    ..we hypothesized that enhanced mTOR signaling might be responsible for the greater muscle protein synthesis when leucine-enriched EAA+CHOs are ingested during postexercise recovery...
  5. ncbi Antagonistic effects of leucine and glutamine on the mTOR pathway in myogenic C2C12 cells
    L Deldicque
    Département d Education Physique et de Réadaptation, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
    Amino Acids 35:147-55. 2008
    This study compared the effects of leucine and glutamine on the mTOR pathway, on protein synthesis and on muscle-specific gene expression in myogenic C(2)C(12) cells...
  6. ncbi Leucine in food mediates some of the postprandial rise in plasma leptin concentrations
    Christopher J Lynch
    Dept of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 291:E621-30. 2006
    ..at the level of mRNA translation by the rapamycin-sensitive mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its agonist leucine (Leu)...
  7. ncbi The central leucine-rich repeat region of chicken TLR16 dictates unique ligand specificity and species-specific interaction with TLR2
    A Marijke Keestra
    Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
    J Immunol 178:7110-9. 2007
    ..in which the defined domains of chTLR16 and hTLR1 or hTLR6 had been exchanged revealed that the transfer of leucine-rich repeats (LRR) 6-16 of chTLR16 into hTLR6 was sufficient to confer dual ligand specificity to the human ..
  8. ncbi N-((1S)-1-{[4-((2S)-2-{[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)sulfonyl]amino}-3-hydroxypropanoyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl}-3-methylbutyl)-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide (GSK1016790A), a novel and potent transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel agonist induces urinar
    Kevin S Thorneloe
    Cardiovascular and Urogenital Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, 709 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 326:432-42. 2008
    ..Overall TRPV4 plays an important role in urinary bladder function that includes an ability to contract the bladder as a result of the expression of TRPV4 in the UBSM...
  9. ncbi Neurotransmitter/sodium symporter orthologue LeuT has a single high-affinity substrate site
    Chayne L Piscitelli
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
    Nature 468:1129-32. 2010
    ..We conclude that LeuT harbours a single, centrally located, high-affinity substrate-binding site and that transport is well described by a simple, single-substrate kinetic mechanism...
  10. ncbi Characterization of two LGR genes homologous to gonadotropin and thyrotropin receptors with extracellular leucine-rich repeats and a G protein-coupled, seven-transmembrane region
    S Y Hsu
    Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Stanford University Medical School, California 94305 5317, USA
    Mol Endocrinol 12:1830-45. 1998
    ..TM) protein family and are unique in having a large N-terminal extracellular (ecto-) domain containing leucine-rich repeats important for interaction with the glycoprotein ligands...
  11. ncbi Structural basis for leucine-rich nuclear export signal recognition by CRM1
    Xiuhua Dong
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 6001 Forest Park, Dallas, Texas 75390 9041, USA
    Nature 458:1136-41. 2009
    ..known as XPO1 and exportin 1) mediates nuclear export of hundreds of proteins through the recognition of the leucine-rich nuclear export signal (LR-NES). Here we present the 2.9 A structure of CRM1 bound to snurportin 1 (SNUPN)...
  12. ncbi Identification and functional characterization of a Na+-independent neutral amino acid transporter with broad substrate selectivity
    H Segawa
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6 20 2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181 8611, Japan
    J Biol Chem 274:19745-51. 1999
    ....
  13. ncbi Nup358, a cytoplasmically exposed nucleoporin with peptide repeats, Ran-GTP binding sites, zinc fingers, a cyclophilin A homologous domain, and a leucine-rich region
    J Wu
    Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA
    J Biol Chem 270:14209-13. 1995
    ..Nup358 contains a leucine-rich region, four potential Ran binding sites (i.e...
  14. ncbi A central role for neuronal AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in high-protein diet-induced weight loss
    Eduardo R Ropelle
    Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas UNICAMP, 13083 970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
    Diabetes 57:594-605. 2008
    ..Here, we sought to determine whether the response of the AMPK and mTOR pathways could contribute to the molecular effects of an HPD...
  15. ncbi Identification of 13 novel NLRP7 mutations in 20 families with recurrent hydatidiform mole; missense mutations cluster in the leucine-rich region
    C M Wang
    Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
    J Med Genet 46:569-75. 2009
    ..Our objectives were to investigate the diversity of mutations and their localisation to one or both isoforms of NLRP7, by screening a large series of women with FRHM and to examine the normal expression of NLRP7 in ovarian tissue...
  16. ncbi CRM1 is an export receptor for leucine-rich nuclear export signals
    M Fornerod
    European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
    Cell 90:1051-60. 1997
    ..We conclude that CRM1 is an export receptor for leucine-rich nuclear export signals and discuss a model for the role of RanGTP in CRM1 function and in nuclear export in ..
  17. ncbi Substrate binding and formation of an occluded state in the leucine transporter
    Leyla Celik
    Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
    Biophys J 94:1600-12. 2008
    Translocation through the extracellular vestibule and binding of leucine in the leucine transporter (LeuT) have been studied with molecular dynamics simulations. More than 0...
  18. ncbi DGA1 (diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene) overexpression and leucine biosynthesis significantly increase lipid accumulation in the Deltasnf2 disruptant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Yasushi Kamisaka
    Lipid Engineering Research Group, Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8566, Japan
    Biochem J 408:61-8. 2007
    ..beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase), which was used to select transformed strains by complementation of the leucine axotroph, unexpectedly increased both growth and lipid accumulation, especially in the Deltasnf2 disruptant...
  19. ncbi Analysis and prediction of leucine-rich nuclear export signals
    Tanja la Cour
    Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 208, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
    Protein Eng Des Sel 17:527-36. 2004
    ..We employ both neural networks and hidden Markov models in the prediction algorithm and verify the method on the most recently discovered NESs. The NES predictor (NetNES) is made available for general use at http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/...
  20. ncbi Orally administered leucine enhances protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats in the absence of increases in 4E-BP1 or S6K1 phosphorylation
    Joshua C Anthony
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
    Diabetes 51:928-36. 2002
    ..18 h) control rats and rats with alloxan-induced diabetes were orally administered saline or the amino acid leucine to assess whether it regulates protein synthesis independently of a change in serum insulin concentrations...
  21. ncbi Pro-apoptotic activity of HIV-1 auxiliary regulatory protein Vpr is subtype-dependent and potently enhanced by nonconservative changes of the leucine residue at position 64
    Heng Jian
    Institute for Molecular Virology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
    J Biol Chem 278:44326-30. 2003
    ..It is hypothesized that Vpr molecules from different HIV-1 subtypes as well as Vpr variants that emerge during HIV-1 infection may have different pro-apoptotic potentials and contribute to the diversity of AIDS pathogenesis...
  22. ncbi The highly conserved C-terminal dileucine motif in the cytosolic domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein is critical for its association with the AP-1 clathrin adaptor [correction of adapter]
    S Wyss
    Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, CH 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
    J Virol 75:2982-92. 2001
    ..Mutational analysis revealed that the C-terminal leucine-based motif in Env was crucial for the recruitment of AP-1 in vitro and in Env-expressing cells...
  23. ncbi Identification of the leucine-to-2-methylbutyric acid catabolic pathway of Lactococcus lactis
    Balasubramanian Ganesan
    Western Dairy Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-4700, USA
    Appl Environ Microbiol 72:4264-73. 2006
    ..and in silico pathway analysis coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to delineate the leucine catabolic pathway. Lactococci produced acetic and propionic acid during logarithmic growth and starvation...
  24. ncbi A conserved dileucine motif mediates clathrin and AP-2-dependent endocytosis of the HIV-1 envelope protein
    Rahel Byland
    Cell Biology Unit, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
    Mol Biol Cell 18:414-25. 2007
    ....
  25. ncbi The GCN2 eIF2alpha kinase regulates fatty-acid homeostasis in the liver during deprivation of an essential amino acid
    Feifan Guo
    Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
    Cell Metab 5:103-14. 2007
    ..synthase (FAS) in the liver are repressed and lipid stores in adipose tissue are mobilized in wild-type mice upon leucine deprivation. In contrast, GCN2-deficient mice developed liver steatosis and exhibited reduced lipid mobilization...
  26. ncbi Increasing dietary leucine intake reduces diet-induced obesity and improves glucose and cholesterol metabolism in mice via multimechanisms
    Yiying Zhang
    Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
    Diabetes 56:1647-54. 2007
    b>Leucine, as an essential amino acid and activator of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), promotes protein synthesis and suppresses protein catabolism...
  27. ncbi Leucine and protein synthesis: mTOR and beyond
    Martha H Stipanuk
    Division of Nutritional Sciences, 227 Savage Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
    Nutr Rev 65:122-9. 2007
    ..acid intake on protein synthesis in the intact rat appear to be mediated almost entirely by a single amino acid: leucine. The effect of leucine on protein synthesis appears to be closely associated with eIF4G phosphorylation and its ..
  28. ncbi The leucine-rich repeat as a protein recognition motif
    B Kobe
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Queensland, Australia
    Curr Opin Struct Biol 11:725-32. 2001
    b>Leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) are 20-29-residue sequence motifs present in a number of proteins with diverse functions...
  29. ncbi Control of ion selectivity in LeuT: two Na+ binding sites with two different mechanisms
    Sergei Y Noskov
    Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department for Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB, Canada
    J Mol Biol 377:804-18. 2008
    ..predominantly from the strong electrostatic field arising from the negatively charged carboxylate group of the leucine substrate coordinating the ion directly...
  30. ncbi PLAP-1/asporin inhibits activation of BMP receptor via its leucine-rich repeat motif
    M Tomoeda
    Department of Periodontology, Division of Oral Biology and Disease Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1 8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565 0871, Japan
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 371:191-6. 2008
    ..The induction of mutation to the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motif, especially LRR5, within PLAP-1/asporin rescued the inhibitory effect of PLAP-1/asporin ..
  31. ncbi Activation of an Arabidopsis resistance protein is specified by the in planta association of its leucine-rich repeat domain with the cognate oomycete effector
    Ksenia V Krasileva
    Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
    Plant Cell 22:2444-58. 2010
    ..The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of RPP1 mediates the interaction with ATR1, while the Toll/Interleukin1 Receptor (TIR) ..
  32. ncbi Long-term effects of leucine supplementation on body composition
    Michele Balage
    INRA, UMR 1019 Nutrition Humaine, Saint Genes Champanelle, France
    Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 13:265-70. 2010
    b>Leucine does not only serve as a substrate for protein synthesis but is also recognized as a potent signal nutrient that regulates protein metabolism...
  33. ncbi Excess leucine intake enhances muscle anabolic signaling but not net protein anabolism in young men and women
    Erin L Glynn
    Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
    J Nutr 140:1970-6. 2010
    Essential amino acids (EAA) stimulate skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in humans. Leucine may have a greater stimulatory effect on MPS than other EAA and/or decrease muscle protein breakdown (MPB)...
  34. ncbi The role of small leucine-rich proteoglycans in collagen fibrillogenesis
    Sebastian Kalamajski
    Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC B12, Lund, Sweden
    Matrix Biol 29:248-53. 2010
    Small leucine-rich proteoglycans/proteins (SLRPs) are associated with collagen fibril formation, and therefore important for the proper formation of extracellular matrices...
  35. ncbi Leucine supplementation of a low-protein meal increases skeletal muscle and visceral tissue protein synthesis in neonatal pigs by stimulating mTOR-dependent translation initiation
    Roberto Murgas Torrazza
    USDA Agricultural Research Service Children s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    J Nutr 140:2145-52. 2010
    ..b>Leucine appears to be the most effective single amino acid to trigger these effects...
  36. ncbi Leucine supplementation favors liver protein status but does not reduce body fat in rats during 1 week of food restriction
    Rogerio G Pedrosa
    Department of Zootechny, CCA, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre, ES, Brazil
    Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 35:180-3. 2010
    An important role in protein-energy metabolism has been attributed to leucine because of its long-term effects on body fat reduction and on the improvement of some indicators of protein status in rodents...
  37. ncbi The stem rust resistance gene Rpg5 encodes a protein with nucleotide-binding-site, leucine-rich, and protein kinase domains
    R Brueggeman
    Department of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:14970-5. 2008
    ..of an unusual structure encoding three typical plant disease resistance protein domains: nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat, and serine threonine protein kinase...
  38. ncbi Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribonucleoside prevents leucine-stimulated protein synthesis in rat skeletal muscle
    Anne M Pruznak
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
    J Nutr 138:1887-94. 2008
    ..conditions are characterized by activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the development of leucine resistance in skeletal muscle...
  39. ncbi Nef induces CD4 endocytosis: requirement for a critical dileucine motif in the membrane-proximal CD4 cytoplasmic domain
    C Aiken
    Infectious Disease Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037 1099
    Cell 76:853-64. 1994
    ..Within this region, a dileucine motif, reminiscent of an endocytosis and lysosomal targeting signal found in the CD3 gamma and delta chains, is crucial for CD4 response to Nef...
  40. ncbi Whey and casein labeled with L-[1-13C]leucine and muscle protein synthesis: effect of resistance exercise and protein ingestion
    Søren Reitelseder
    Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 300:E231-42. 2011
    ..Infusion of l-[1-(13)C]leucine was carried out, and either whey, casein (0...
  41. ncbi Leucine deprivation increases hepatic insulin sensitivity via GCN2/mTOR/S6K1 and AMPK pathways
    Fei Xiao
    Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
    Diabetes 60:746-56. 2011
    ..shown that serum insulin levels decrease threefold and blood glucose levels remain normal in mice fed a leucine-deficient diet, suggesting increased insulin sensitivity...
  42. ncbi Constitutive display of cryptic translation products by MHC class I molecules
    Susan R Schwab
    Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA
    Science 301:1367-71. 2003
    ..Furthermore, translation of this cryptic peptide occurs by a previously unknown mechanism that decodes the CUG initiation codon as leucine rather than the canonical methionine.
  43. ncbi Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers
    T W Hai
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
    Genes Dev 3:2083-90. 1989
    ..All ATF cDNA clones examined contain a leucine zipper motif and are significantly similar to one another only within this region...
  44. ncbi A novel di-leucine motif and a tyrosine-based motif independently mediate lysosomal targeting and endocytosis of CD3 chains
    F Letourneur
    Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child Health, Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
    Cell 69:1143-57. 1992
    ..Truncation of these retention motifs revealed lysosomal targeting of both Tac-gamma and delta chimeras. A di-leucine- and a tyrosine-based motif are individually sufficient to induce both endocytosis and delivery to lysosomes of ..
  45. ncbi Nucleocytoplasmic translocation of Stat1 is regulated by a leucine-rich export signal in the coiled-coil domain
    A Begitt
    Nachwuchsgruppe Zelluläre Signalverarbeitung, Forschungsinstitut fur Molekulare Pharmakologie, and Freie Universität, Institut fur Kristallographie, D 10315 Berlin, Germany
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:10418-23. 2000
    ..We identify a conserved leucine-rich helical segment in the coiled-coil domain of Stat1, which is responsible for the efficient nuclear export of ..
  46. ncbi The leucine content of a complete meal directs peak activation but not duration of skeletal muscle protein synthesis and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling in rats
    Layne E Norton
    Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
    J Nutr 139:1103-9. 2009
    This study examined the impact of leucine (Leu) derived from complete meals on stimulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Expt. 1 examined time course changes in translation initiation and MPS after a meal...
  47. ncbi Essential amino acid and carbohydrate ingestion before resistance exercise does not enhance postexercise muscle protein synthesis
    Satoshi Fujita
    Univ of Texas Medical Branch, Dept of Physical Therapy, Div of Rehabilitation Sciences, Sealy Center on Aging, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 1144, USA
    J Appl Physiol 106:1730-9. 2009
    ..05). We conclude that EAA + CHO ingestion before resistance exercise does not enhance postexercise FSR compared with exercise without nutrients...
  48. ncbi The small leucine-rich proteoglycan biglycan modulates BMP-4-induced osteoblast differentiation
    Xiao Dong Chen
    Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
    FASEB J 18:948-58. 2004
    Biglycan (bgn) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan enriched in extracellular matrices of skeletal tissues. Bgn-deficient mice develop age-related osteopenia with a phenotype that resembles osteoporosis and premature arthritis...
  49. ncbi Systemic activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 4 channel causes endothelial failure and circulatory collapse: Part 2
    Robert N Willette
    Investigative and Cardiac Biology, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, 709 Swedeland Road, UW2510, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 326:443-52. 2008
    ..It will be important to determine the role of TRPV4 in disorders associated with edema and microvascular congestion...
  50. ncbi Substitution of leucine 8 in the simian immunodeficiency virus matrix protein impairs particle formation without affecting N-myristylation of the Gag precursor
    S A Gonzalez
    Centro de Virologia Animal CEVAN CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
    Virology 240:27-35. 1998
    ..the assembly phenotype of an SIV Gag mutant (L8Q) carrying the single amino acid substitution of glutamine for leucine at position 8 in the MA domain...
  51. ncbi A leucine-rich repeat assembly approach for homology modeling of the human TLR5-10 and mouse TLR11-13 ectodomains
    Tiandi Wei
    Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig Maximilians Universitat Munchen, 80799 Munich, Germany
    J Mol Model 17:27-36. 2011
    ..The TLR ectodomains are composed of varying numbers and types of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs)...
  52. ncbi Structure determination and refinement of bovine lens leucine aminopeptidase and its complex with bestatin
    S K Burley
    Gibbs Chemical Laboratory, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
    J Mol Biol 224:113-40. 1992
    The three-dimensional structure of bovine lens leucine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) complexed with bestatin, a slow-binding inhibitor, has been solved to 3...
  53. ncbi Leucine is a direct-acting nutrient signal that regulates protein synthesis in adipose tissue
    Christopher J Lynch
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 283:E503-13. 2002
    In freshly isolated rat adipocytes, leucine or its analog norleucine activates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-signaling pathway...
  54. ncbi Inhibition of beta(2) integrin-mediated leukocyte cell adhesion by leucine-leucine-glycine motif-containing peptides
    E Koivunen
    Department of Biosciences, Division of Biochemistry, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
    J Cell Biol 153:905-16. 2001
    ..to the extracellular matrix by recognizing short tripeptide sequences such as arginine-glycine-aspartic acid and leucine-aspartate-valine...
  55. ncbi Body weight and energy homeostasis was not affected in C57BL/6 mice fed high whey protein or leucine-supplemented low-fat diets
    Anne Noatsch
    German Institute of Human Nutrition in Potsdam Rehbruecke DIfE, Arthur Scheunert Allee 114 116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
    Eur J Nutr 50:479-88. 2011
    b>Leucine is suggested to act as nutrient signal of high-protein diets regulating pathways associated with an alleviation of metabolic syndrome parameters. However, the subject remains controversial.
  56. ncbi Effects of leucine and phenylalanine supplementation during intermittent periods of food restriction and refeeding in adult rats
    Jose Donato
    Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 14, 05508 900, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
    Life Sci 81:31-9. 2007
    ..We therefore tested the hypothesis that l-leucine (LEU) and l-phenylalanine (PHE) supplementation might have a positive impact on the body composition of rats ..
  57. ncbi Leucine supplementation of drinking water does not alter susceptibility to diet-induced obesity in mice
    Ali Nairizi
    Penn State Hershey Institute for Diabetes and Obesity and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
    J Nutr 139:715-9. 2009
    ..Taken together, the results do not provide evidence that either Leu or BCAA supplementation of drinking water ameliorates diet-induced obesity in mice, although it may improve glycemia...
  58. ncbi Alpha-ketoisocaproic acid and leucine provoke mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction in rat brain
    Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
    Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
    Brain Res 1324:75-84. 2010
    ..In the present study we investigated the in vitro effects of leucine (Leu), alpha-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC) and alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid (HIV), respectively, the branched-chain ..
  59. ncbi A di-leucine sorting signal in ZIP1 (SLC39A1) mediates endocytosis of the protein
    Liping Huang
    United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
    FEBS J 274:3986-97. 2007
    ..Four potential sorting signals (three di-leucine-and one tyrosine-based) were found by searching the eukaryotic linear motif resource for functional sites in ..
  60. ncbi Leucine transport in brush border membrane vesicles from freshwater insect larvae
    Matilde Forcella
    Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
    Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 63:110-22. 2006
    b>Leucine transport across brush border membrane vesicles prepared from four insect species common to European freshwater streams has been characterized...
  61. ncbi Potential role of leucine metabolism in the leucine-signaling pathway involving mTOR
    Christopher J Lynch
    Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology MC H166, Rm C4757, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
    Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 285:E854-63. 2003
    b>Leucine has been shown to stimulate adipose tissue protein synthesis in vivo as well as leptin secretion, protein synthesis, hyper-plastic growth, and tissue morphogenesis in in vitro experiments using freshly isolated adipocytes...
  62. ncbi The cell surface leucine-rich repeat receptor for AtPep1, an endogenous peptide elicitor in Arabidopsis, is functional in transgenic tobacco cells
    Yube Yamaguchi
    Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washingston State University, Pullman, WA 99164 6340, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:10104-9. 2006
    ..protein was purified to homogeneity, and its tryptic peptides were identified as gene At1g73080, which encodes a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase, here called PEPR1...
  63. ncbi Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane proteins instruct discrete dendrite targeting in an olfactory map
    Weizhe Hong
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
    Nat Neurosci 12:1542-50. 2009
    ..We found that the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) transmembrane protein Capricious (Caps) was differentially expressed in different classes of ..
  64. ncbi Molecular cloning of mouse amino acid transport system B0, a neutral amino acid transporter related to Hartnup disorder
    Angelika Bröer
    School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
    J Biol Chem 279:24467-76. 2004
    ..Thus, the human homologue of this transporter is an excellent functional and positional candidate for Hartnup disorder...
  65. ncbi A conserved motif for the transport of G protein-coupled receptors from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface
    Matthew T Duvernay
    Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
    J Biol Chem 279:30741-50. 2004
    ..The sequence F(X)6LL (where X can be any residue, and L is leucine or isoleucine) is highly conserved in the membrane-proximal CTs of many G protein-coupled receptors and may ..
  66. ncbi Mutational analysis of conserved amino acids in the T cell receptor alpha-chain transmembrane region: a critical role of leucine 112 and phenylalanine 127 for assembly and surface expression
    Aparna Bhatnagar
    Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 7060, Wellington South, New Zealand
    Mol Immunol 39:953-63. 2003
    ..However, mutations of leucine 112 or phenylalanine 127 to aspartic acids (L112D or F127D, respectively) resulted in dramatic loss of surface ..
  67. ncbi Molecular basis for the different activation kinetics of the pacemaker channels HCN2 and HCN4
    Juliane Stieber
    Institut fur Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
    J Biol Chem 278:33672-80. 2003
    ..Replacement of leucine 272 in S1 of HCN4 by the corresponding phenylalanine present in HCN2 decreased tau act of HCN4 to 149 ms...
  68. ncbi Conserved hydrophobicity in the SH2-kinase linker is required for catalytic activity of Csk and CHK
    Esa T Mikkola
    Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biosciences, P O Box 56, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
    FEBS Lett 544:11-4. 2003
    ..These results suggest that Csk Phe183 and CHK Leu223 stabilize the movement of the alphaC-helix of these protein tyrosine kinases...
  69. ncbi Structural and functional interaction sites between Na,K-ATPase and FXYD proteins
    Ciming Li
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the University, Rue du Bugnon 27, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
    J Biol Chem 279:38895-902. 2004
    ....
  70. ncbi Novel mutant human fibronectin FIII9-10 domain pair with increased conformational stability and biological activity
    Christopher F van der Walle
    Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
    Protein Eng 15:1021-4. 2002
    ..The resulting FIII9-10 mutant has good solution properties and will provide a template into which further mutations can be incorporated in order to probe the structure-function relationship of the cell binding module of fibronectin...
  71. ncbi The beta- and gamma-CH2 of B27-WT's Leu11 and Ile18 side chains play a direct role in calpain inhibition
    Russell Betts
    Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health Sciences Center, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
    Biochemistry 43:2596-604. 2004
    ..Furthermore, the minimum peptide sequence that still retained the calpain-inhibitory potency of B27-WT was found to be MSSTYIEELGKREVTIPPKYRELL...
  72. ncbi Structural determinants regulating expression of the high affinity leukotriene B4 receptor: involvement of dileucine motifs and alpha-helix VIII
    Remi Gaudreau
    Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
    J Biol Chem 279:10338-45. 2004
    ....
  73. ncbi Tyrosine agonists reverse the molecular defects associated with dominant-negative mutations in human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
    Maura Agostini
    Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke s Hospital, United Kingdom
    Endocrinology 145:1527-38. 2004
    ..Having shown that rosiglitazone is of variable and limited efficacy in these subjects, we suggest that TAs may represent a more rational therapeutic approach...
  74. ncbi Mutational analysis of the large periplasmic loop 7-8 of the putrescine transporter PotE in Escherichia coli
    Rodney F Minchin
    Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia and Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
    Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:271-80. 2004
    ..The study shows that loop 7-8 is important for PotE function, possibly by forming a re-entrant loop in the channel of the transporter...
  75. ncbi Crystal structure of the E2 transactivation domain of human papillomavirus type 11 bound to a protein interaction inhibitor
    Yong Wang
    Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
    J Biol Chem 279:6976-85. 2004
    ....
  76. ncbi Amino acids in transmembrane domain two influence anesthetic enhancement of serotonin-3A receptor function
    Gregory F Lopreato
    Section of Neurobiology, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, Institute for Neuroscience, and the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway, MBB 1 148, Austin, TX 78712, USA
    Brain Res Mol Brain Res 118:45-51. 2003
    ..Some mutations had differential effects on the abilities of the isomers enflurane and isoflurane to potentiate 5-HT(3) receptor function...
  77. ncbi Functional domains in the carnitine transporter OCTN2, defective in primary carnitine deficiency
    Cristina Amat di San Filippo
    Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA
    J Biol Chem 278:47776-84. 2003
    ..These studies indicate that multiple domains of the OCTN2 transporter are required for carnitine transport and identify transmembrane residues important for carnitine recognition...
  78. ncbi Subdomain VIII is a specificity-determining region in MEKK1
    Zheng Tu
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
    J Biol Chem 278:48498-505. 2003
    ..Collectively these results provide evidence that subdomain VIII of MEKK1 is involved not only in binding to, but also in discrimination of, protein substrates...
  79. ncbi Dimerization of cGMP-dependent protein kinase Ibeta is mediated by an extensive amino-terminal leucine zipper motif, and dimerization modulates enzyme function
    Robyn Richie-Jannetta
    Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 0615, USA
    J Biol Chem 278:50070-9. 2003
    ..Dimerization of PKGs involves sequences located near the amino termini, which contain a conserved, extended leucine zipper motif...
  80. ncbi The fourth transmembrane domain of the Helicobacter pylori Na+/H+ antiporter NhaA faces a water-filled channel required for ion transport
    Naoyuki Kuwabara
    Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
    J Biol Chem 279:40567-75. 2004
    ..Furthermore, residues Ile-142 to Phe-144 may be important for the conformational change that accompanies ion transport in NhaA...
  81. ncbi Alanine-scanning mutagenesis in the signature disulfide loop of the glycine receptor alpha 1 subunit: critical residues for activation and modulation
    Claude M Schofield
    Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
    Biochemistry 43:10058-63. 2004
    ..The present data implicate the Cys loop as an important functional moiety in the process of glycine receptor activation and allosteric regulation by anesthetics...
  82. ncbi Delineating the molecular basis of the inactivity of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 against tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme
    Meng Huee Lee
    Department of Oncology, Cambridge University, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council Building, Cambridge CB2 2XY, United Kingdom
    J Biol Chem 279:45121-9. 2004
    ..Mutagenesis carried out on leucine 100 also upholds our previous findings that a leucine on the EF-loop is critical for TACE recognition...
  83. ncbi The Pro335 --> Leu polymorphism of type 3 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor found in mouse inbred lines results in functional change
    Sanghyeon Kim
    Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yusong gu, Daejeon
    J Biol Chem 280:26024-31. 2005
    ..The results indicate that the polymorphism of IP3R3 causes changes in receptor function, presumably affecting intracellular Ca2+ signaling...
  84. ncbi The Plasmodium falciparum cysteine protease falcipain-2 captures its substrate, hemoglobin, via a unique motif
    Kailash C Pandey
    Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, P O Box 0811, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:9138-43. 2005
    ..Our results indicate that FP2 utilizes an unusual motif for two specific functions, interaction with hemoglobin, its natural substrate, and interaction with the prodomain, its natural inhibitor...
  85. ncbi Biphasic kinetics of the colchicine-tubulin interaction: role of amino acids surrounding the A ring of bound colchicine molecule
    Suvroma Gupta
    Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, Calcutta 700 054, India
    Biochemistry 44:10181-8. 2005
    ..hydrophilic residues (serine(242) and threonine(317)), both beta(II) and beta(IV) have two hydrophobic residues (leucine(242) and alanine(317))...
  86. ncbi Identification of an agonist-induced conformational change occurring adjacent to the ligand-binding pocket of the M(3) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
    Sung Jun Han
    Molecular Signaling and Molecular Recognition Sections, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 0810, USA
    J Biol Chem 280:34849-58. 2005
    ..To the best of our knowledge, this is the first direct demonstration of a conformational change occurring in the immediate vicinity of the binding site of a GPCR activated by a diffusible ligand...
  87. ncbi Contributions of phenylalanine 335 to ligand recognition by human surfactant protein D: ring interactions with SP-D ligands
    Erika Crouch
    Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
    J Biol Chem 281:18008-14. 2006
    ..Site-directed substitution of leucine for phenylalanine 335 (Phe-335) decreased affinities for the maltoside and maltotriose without significantly ..
  88. ncbi Participation of the Lys313-Ile333 sequence of the purinergic P2X4 receptor in agonist binding and transduction of signals to the channel gate
    Zonghe Yan
    Section on Cellular Signaling, Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 49 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-4510, USA
    J Biol Chem 281:32649-59. 2006
    ....
  89. ncbi Structural and functional basis of amino acid specificity in the invertebrate cotransporter KAAT1
    Andreea Miszner
    Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
    J Physiol 581:899-913. 2007
    ..Competition experiments between different substrates indicate that both transporters bind leucine more strongly than threonine and proline, the difference between KAAT1 and CAATCH1 residing in the incapacity of ..
  90. ncbi Functional requirements of the yellow fever virus capsid protein
    Chinmay G Patkar
    Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907 2054, USA
    J Virol 81:6471-81. 2007
    ..were also analyzed, and although single mutations did not affect packaging, a YFC with the double mutation of leucine 81 and valine 88 was nonfunctional...
  91. ncbi Functional characterization of the iron-regulatory transcription factor Fep1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe
    Benoit Pelletier
    Departement de Biochimie, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
    J Biol Chem 280:25146-61. 2005
    ..Moreover, mutations that impair dimerization also negatively affect transcriptional repression. Together these findings reveal several novel features of Fep1, a non-canonical GATA factor required for iron homeostasis...
  92. ncbi Myocilin mutations causing glaucoma inhibit the intracellular endoproteolytic cleavage of myocilin between amino acids Arg226 and Ile227
    J Daniel Aroca-Aguilar
    Area de Genetica, Facultad de Medicina Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Avda de Almansa sn, 02006 Albacete, Spain
    J Biol Chem 280:21043-51. 2005
    ..one of 35 kDa containing the C-terminal olfactomedin-like domain, and another of 20 kDa containing the N-terminal leucine zipper-like domain...
  93. ncbi Photolabeling study of the ligand binding domain of natriuretic peptide receptor A: development of a model
    Christian Jossart
    , , , , , Canada
    Biochemistry 44:2397-408. 2005
    ..The model has been validated by molecular dynamics simulations. Our work provides a rational basis for interpreting and predicting natriuretic peptide binding to the human NPRA...
  94. ncbi Biophysical and mutational analysis of the putative bZIP domain of Epstein-Barr virus EBNA 3C
    Michelle J West
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
    J Virol 78:9431-45. 2004
    ..domains and a region in the N terminus consisting of a stretch of basic residues followed by a run of leucine residues spaced seven amino acids apart...
  95. ncbi The effect of sugar, amino acid, metal ion, and NaCl on model Maillard reaction under pH control
    E-J Kwak
    Korea Food Research Institute, Kyonggi-do, Korea
    Amino Acids 27:85-90. 2004
    ..fructose, glucose, arabinose, and xylose) with each of 12 amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, proline, serine, cysteine, phenylalanine, arginine, and lysine)...
  96. ncbi The roles of amino acid residues at positions 43 and 45 in microsomal contents and enzymatic functions of rat CYP2D1 and CYP2D2
    Shizuo Narimatsu
    Laboratory of Health Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1 1 1 Tsushima naka, Okayama 700 8530, Japan
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 324:627-33. 2004
    ..The results indicate that amino acid residues at positions 43 and 45 are important for anchoring of the rat CYP2D proteins and their stabilities in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane...
  97. ncbi Role of N- and C-terminal residues of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 in regulating IGF complex formation and receptor activation
    Xiaolang Yan
    Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
    J Biol Chem 279:53232-40. 2004
    ..This suggests that residual binding activity of IGFBP-3 mutants may still be sufficient to inhibit IGF biological activity and questions the use of such analogs to study IGF-independent effects of IGFBP-3...
  98. ncbi Oligomerization of the {gamma}-aminobutyric acid transporter-1 is driven by an interplay of polar and hydrophobic interactions in transmembrane helix II
    Vladimir M Korkhov
    Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 13a, Vienna A 1090, Austria
    J Biol Chem 279:55728-36. 2004
    ..Their second transmembrane helix (TM2) contains a leucine heptad repeat proposed to be involved in oligomerization...
  99. ncbi State-dependent changes in the electrostatic potential in the pore of a GluR channel
    Alexander I Sobolevsky
    Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 5230, USA
    Biophys J 88:235-42. 2005
    ..We suggest that these state-dependent changes in the membrane electric potential reflect a reorientation of the dipoles of the M2 loop alpha-helices toward and away from the center of the channel pore during gating...
  100. ncbi Recombinant Sendai viruses with L1618V mutation in their L polymerase protein establish persistent infection, but not temperature sensitivity
    Machiko Nishio
    Department of Microbiology, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie-Prefecture 514-8507, Japan
    Virology 329:289-301. 2004
    ..rSeVs carrying the fragment containing L1618V show both phenotypes. rSeV(L1618V), in which leucine at aa 1618 is replaced with valine, has the ability of establishing persistent infection, but is not a ..
  101. ncbi Phosphorylation by MAPK regulates simian immunodeficiency virus Vpx protein nuclear import and virus infectivity
    Palakurthy Rajendra Kumar
    Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, ECIL Road, Hyderabad 500 076, India
    J Biol Chem 280:8553-63. 2005
    ..Taken together, these studies demonstrated that the host cell MAPK signal transduction pathway regulated an early step in SIV infection...

Research Grants92

  1. SMOOTH MUSCLE MYOSIN PHOSPHATASE SUBUNIT ISOFORMS
    Steven A Fisher; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..E23 skipping codes for a MYPT1 C-terminus leucine zipper (LZ) motif required for cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK1) dimerization and activation of MP, resulting ..
  2. SMOOTH MUSCLE MYOSIN PHOSPHATASE SUBUNIT ISOFORMS
    Steven Fisher; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We and others have proposed a model in which leucine zipper (LZ) mediated hetero-dimerization of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG1) and the MP targeting subunit ..
  3. Nutrition and Anabolic Interventions in Cancer Cachexia
    Melinda Sheffield Moore; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..affected because catabolic factors diminish the plasma concentrations of key branched-chain amino acids such as leucine, thereby suppressing the stimulus for nutrition-derived anabolism...
  4. ENTERAL PRECURSORS FOR UREA SYNTHESIS IN HUMANS
    Brendan Lee; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..We argue therefore that because of the importance of leucine to protein metabolic regulation, treatment with phenyl butyrate not only diverts N away from urea synthesis, but ..
  5. ENTERAL PRECURSORS FOR UREA SYNTHESIS IN HUMANS
    H Gaskins; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..We argue therefore that because of the importance of leucine to protein metabolic regulation, treatment with phenyl butyrate not only diverts N away from urea synthesis, but ..
  6. PERIPLASMIC RECEPTORS OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT AND CHEMOTAXIS
    Florante Quiocho; Fiscal Year: 1993
    ..three-dimensional structures of six binding proteins specific for L-arabinose, D-galactose, D-maltose, sulfate, leucine/isoleucine/valine and leucine has recently been achieved...
  7. DNA METHYLATION AND PILI GENE REGULATION
    David Low; Fiscal Year: 2006
    The goal of this proposal is to understand the mechanisms by which DNA adenine methylase (DAM), leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp), and PapI orchestrate the reversible switch between OFF and ON Pap pili expression states in ..
  8. 18F-FACBC PET-CT for the Detection and Staging of Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma
    David Schuster; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The long term goal of this research is to determine if PET imaging with the synthetic L-leucine analog positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer antf-[18F]FACBC will lead to improved patient care in the ..
  9. NLR Family Proteins: Mechanisms and Regulation
    John Reed; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..During the previous funding period, we reported that the leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) of NLRP1 are required for responses to microbial ligands derived from peptidoglycan, ..
  10. NLR Family Proteins: Mechanisms and Regulation
    John C Reed; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..During the previous funding period, we reported that the leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) of NLRP1 are required for responses to microbial ligands derived from peptidoglycan, ..
  11. Neural Progenitor Genes and Brain Tumors
    Harley Kornblum; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..We have previously found that maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), a serine-threonine kinase, is a marker for and regulates the proliferation of self- ..
  12. Neural Progenitor Genes and Brain Tumors
    Harley Kornblum; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We have previously found that maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), a serine-threonine kinase, is a marker for and regulates the proliferation of self- ..
  13. Mechanism of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Tumor Progression and Metastasis by Par-
    Vivek Rangnekar; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Prostate apoptosis response-4 protein (Par-4; also known as PAWR) is a leucine zipper domain protein that is conserved in vertebrates...
  14. Mechanism of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Tumor Progression and Metastasis by Par-
    Vivek M Rangnekar; Fiscal Year: 2010
    Prostate apoptosis response-4 protein (Par-4;also known as PAWR) is a leucine zipper domain protein that is conserved in vertebrates...
  15. Mechanism of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Tumor Progression and Metastasis by Par-
    Vivek Rangnekar; Fiscal Year: 2009
    Prostate apoptosis response-4 protein (Par-4; also known as PAWR) is a leucine zipper domain protein that is conserved in vertebrates...
  16. Ion channel regulation by macromolecular complexes
    Steven Marx; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..targeting of these signaling molecules is through the specific binding of adaptor proteins to the channel via leucine/isoleucine zipper domains...
  17. CRCNS: Computational and experimental study of dopamine and serotonin transporter
    Jeffry D Madura; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..and inhibitor binding sites received an unexpected boost with the crystallization of the homologous LeuTAa leucine transporter...
  18. CRCNS: Computational and experimental study of dopamine and serotonin transporter
    JEFFRY MADURA; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..and inhibitor binding sites received an unexpected boost with the crystallization of the homologous LeuTAa leucine transporter...
  19. GENETICS OF DISEASE RESISTANCE IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA
    Roger W Innes; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..These intracellular receptors share a common structure consisting of a nucleotide binding (NB) domain and leucine rich repeats (LRR)...
  20. GENETICS OF DISEASE RESISTANCE IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA
    Roger W Innes; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..These intracellular receptors share a common structure consisting of a nucleotide binding (NB) domain and leucine rich repeats (LRR)...
  21. Poly (amino acid) as an Integrin Targeted Drug Carrier
    Xiaoling Li; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..It is reported that the recognition of the tripeptide sequence, leucine-aspartic acid-valine, (LDV) is limited only to the a4a1 integrin...
  22. Immune Recovery Following LLME Treated Cell Therapy
    Joanne Filicko; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..GVHD appears to be mediated by T cells bearing cytotoxic effector granules. L-Leucyl-L-Leucine Methyl Ester (LLME) is polymerized by one of the enzymes within cytotoxic granules, resulting in the destruction ..
  23. SMOOTH MUSCLE MYOSIN PHOSPHATASE SUBUNIT ISOFORMS
    Steven Fisher; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..smooth muscle enhance SMMP activity via the dimerization of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase with the C-terminal leucine zipper of MYPT1...
  24. FETAL BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACID AND KETO-ACID METABOLISM
    EDWARD LIECHTY; Fiscal Year: 1991
    ..Specifically, leucine will be studied, because fasting, as well as insulin and glucose concentrations are known to influence its ..
  25. Biological role of modifications to C/EBPbeta-1 and -2
    Linda Sealy; Fiscal Year: 2007
    The basic leucine zipper transcription factor, C/EBPbeta, is critical for growth and differentiation of the mammary gland...
  26. DEVELOP AND EVALUATE NEW LEPROSY AND TB VACCINES
    Thomas Gillis; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..The TB vaccines are: 1) leucine auxotroph of BCG, 2) leucine auxotroph of MT, 3) MT culture filtrate in adjuvant prepared from the nontoxic ..
  27. Transcriptional Repression of PPARgamma-2 by Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zippe
    Xing Ming Shi; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..of this research is to address the question of how PPAR(2 expression can be repressed by glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), a recently identified leucine zipper protein...
  28. Transcriptional Repression of PPARgamma-2 by Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zippe
    Xingming Shi; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..of this research is to address the question of how PPAR(2 expression can be repressed by glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), a recently identified leucine zipper protein...