gills

..control of thyroid hormones; 2) amphibians are sensitive to environmental contaminants due to permeable eggs, gills, and skin; 3) previous work with amphibians has shown that exposure to the insecticide carbaryl can lead to ..

..As part of this work, the tissue distribution of lead will be determined (e.g., gills, skin and muscle, viscera, skeleton) as well as the temporal relationships between accumulation of lead in the ..

..examples of applications for basic research include developmental biology study of flow dynamics in zebrafish gills and blood circulatory systems...

..of its environment, ease of delivery of water soluble substances such as alcohol (fish absorb it through their gills and skin), and the huge amount of genetic information and genetic tools available...

..Second, alcohol delivery is simple (fish absorb this substance through their gills and skin)...

..Second, alcohol delivery is simple (fish absorb this substance through their gills and skin)...

..As such, it provides a powerful integrative tool for the assessment of biological effects of contaminants in these environments...

..Liver and gills were sampled from five fish from each treatment and were analyzed by histology, scanning and transmission electron ..

..day 20 in the gill tissue of trout fed the Ca-supplemented diet and a decreased Ca concentration on day 35 in the gills of trout fed the control diet...

..Experimental infection caused deaths with gross clinical abnormalities such as degenerated opercula and gills, liver damage, haemorrhagic kidney and serous fluid in swollen intestines. The counts of A...

..FMO expression and activity increased significantly and in a salinity dependent manner in osmoregulatory organs (gills, kidney and gut) in both juveniles and adult trout and, furthermore, in RBC in adults...

..columnare. Ninety-four percent of the fish that died were infected by F. columnare in the gills, kidney, or skin, whereas none of the survivors or unexposed control fish was infected...

..sclerosus infection. This study documents evidence suggesting that C. sclerosus and its host are indeed excellent models to test environmental quality in tropical freshwater ecosystems...

..Our findings represent the first known species of Urocleidoides from these fishes in Central America and demonstrate that they are morphologically linked to their South American congeners...

Mymarothecium boegeri sp. n. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) is described from the gills of Colossoma macropomum Cuvier (Characidae), collected from the aquaria of the "Centro de Pesquisas em Aquicultura, Departamento Nacional de Obras ..

..This work indicated the possibility of using non-enzymatic antioxidants as biomarkers of exposure to environmental contamination and subsequent validation as a sensitive system for biomonitoring and ecotoxicological risk assessment...

..The study therefore supports the theory that P. rubescens blooms may be causal to the observed weight reduction and hence fitness of coregonids in pre-alpine lakes such as Lake Ammersee (Germany)...

..None of the koi held in 0.5% salt water showed sleepy disease during a 25 d experimental period; PCR assay revealed no KSD-virus in gills of koi in the same treatment.

....

..immunoassays, it was found that the abundance of the water channel protein, aquaporin 3 (AQP3) was unchanged in gills but decreased in kidneys of sea bream upon nitrite exposure...

..The goal was to assess histological alterations in the gills and ovaries...

Polylabris lingaoensis sp. n. is described from the gills of the bald glassy, Ambassis gymnocephalus (Chandidae), from the Gulf of Tonkin (South China Sea), near Lingao, Hainan Province, China...

..lewini; Cu and Mn in the liver and gills of the mullet Mugil cephalus, respectively; Fe in the liver of the catfish Galeichthys peruvianus; and Zn in ..

....

..We conclude that DOM has direct effects on the gills, as well as protecting fish against acute Cu2+ toxicity...

..The current study explored the utility of the comet assay for in vivo laboratory studies using fish species to screen the genotoxic potential of chemical agents...

..To test this hypothesis, we exposed Fundulus heteroclitus, which does not take up Cl(-) across the gills, and Danio rerio and P...

..7 to 3.0 microM) in the river. Subsequently, Al accumulated in fish gills (6 to 19 micromol g(-1) dw) causing ionoregulatory and respiratory failures as well as mortality...

..The finding of NHE expression in PNA+ MRCs is discussed with reference to current models of ionic and acid-base regulation in teleost fish...

..Cd and Zn uptake increased as salinity decreased. The gills were the most sensitive organs in response to salinity change, and played a more important role in Cd and Zn ..

This study reports light and electron microscopical aspects of a myxosporean found in the gills of the freshwater teleost Astyanax keithi Géry, Planquete & Le Bail, 1996 (family Characidae), collected from the estuarine region of ..

A new species of Myxosporea, Henneguya chydadea, is described parasitizing the gills of Astyanax altiparanae collected from a lake on Rio das Pedras farm near Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Of the fish examined, 88...

..sp. (63% prevalence) and two with Myxobolus peculiaris n. sp. (5% prevalence) in the gills. Spores were studied by staining and fresh spores were observed by differential interference contrast optics...

..9 microm width, and an isofilar polar filament with 11 to 12 turns obliquely to the longitudinal axis; (smaller): 4.6 microm length, 2.8 microm width, and an isofilar polar filament with 4 to 5 turns, obliquely to the longitudinal axis...

..In comparison to previous studies on rainbow trout, these results suggest that Atlantic salmon have a greater short-term ionoregulatory capacity...

..Histologically, xenomas were visible in the filament arteries of the branchial arch in chinook and coho salmon gills but were absent from RBT gills...

..The presence of pollutants in the PF water was denunciated even without a clear relation to the main pollution source distance. The organ specificity was evident for each parameter but without a clear pattern...

..The total protein content decreased in all tissues in three effluents except gills in LC50 group of tannery effluent, kidney in LC50 group of electroplating effluent and kidney in LC0 group of ..

..Fish were sampled from the cages over 70 d and changes in metal concentrations were followed over time in the gills, gut, liver and kidney...

..Atrophy of epithelial cells, necrosis of epithelial cells, desquamation of mucosal epithelium and infiltration of lymphocytes into the lamina propria were detected in intestine tissues of fish after exposure to fenvalerate...

..Fish were sampled from the cages over 75 d and changes in metal concentrations were measured in the gills, gut, liver and kidney. In transplanted fish, Cd concentrations decreased most rapidly in the gills and gut, i.e...

....

A formerly undescribed virus has been isolated from the gills of farmed Atlantic salmon post-smolts in Norway suffering from gill disease. Cytopathic effects appeared in RTgill-W1 cells 9 weeks post-inoculation with gill tissue material...

We identified five Na+/K+-ATPase alpha-isoforms in rainbow trout and characterized their expression pattern in gills following seawater transfer...

..The decrease in reduced glutathione in juvenile rainbow trout subjected to the acute sodium selenite exposure suggests that oxidative stress may play an important role in the effects of Se in fish...

..vorax larvae caused 2-fold damage that was responsible for the death of the fish. Little by little, the parasitic problem was successfully removed by washing the tank, using fresh water rather than costly and dangerous chemotherapeutans...

..In the kidney, CYP1A staining was weak or absent. We conclude that gill EROD activity is a more sensitive biomarker of exposure to waterborne CYP1A inducers than EROD activity in liver and kidney...

....

..obliqua Lom, 1963 and Trichodinella lomi Xu, Song & Warren, 1999. Morphometric data and comparative descriptions of these trichodinids are provided along with details of their prevalence and intensity of infestation...

..The greatest Cd concentrations were observed in the kidney followed by the gills and liver of the fish exposed to Cd via water, but in the gut tissues followed by the kidney, liver, and gills for ..

..Each was investigated following silver nitrate and protargol impregnation. Morphometric data and comparative descriptions of these trichodinids are provided along with details of their prevalence and intensity of infestation...

..The caudal sucker lacks ocelli. Intestinal ceca are large, crop ceca are directed anteriorly, and postceca are separate for their entire length...

..In addition, we extend the working definition of cholesterol-dependent raft integrity to structural dependence on the sulfate moiety of SGC in this membrane...

..b>Gills, a unique and highly studied organ in research on fish osmoregulation and ionoregulation, provide an excellent ..

..Differential Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase/SGC sensitivity is discussed in relation to enzyme isoform switching, the SGC cofactor site model and saltwater adaptation...

..Moreover, these data suggest that rainbow trout can withstand significant above-background Cu accumulation in hepatic putative metal-sensitive compartments without chronic toxic effects at the organism level...

Respiration and ion regulation are the two principal functions of teleostean gills. Mainly found in the gill filaments of fish, mitochondria-rich cells (MRCs) proliferate to increase the ionoregulatory capacity of the gill in response to ..

..Cd elimination in tissues of rockfish decreased during the 30 days of depuration except kidney and muscle. Intestine showed the fastest elimination rates of Cd at all concentrations compared with other tissues...

..Mn and Zn were probably less harmful to the aquatic ecosystem. In India, necessity is felt to develop the CCC values, which will be more appropriate for protection of aquatic environment than comparing with drinking water standards...

..Environmental Ca(2+) is the trigger for the morphological oscillation of chloride cell apical surface, presumably through modifications in Ca(2+) flux...