zein

Summary

Summary: A group of alcohol-soluble seed storage proteins from the endosperm of corn.

Top Publications

  1. Holding D, Otegui M, Li B, Meeley R, Dam T, Hunter B, et al. The maize floury1 gene encodes a novel endoplasmic reticulum protein involved in zein protein body formation. Plant Cell. 2007;19:2569-82 pubmed publisher
    ..We report the cloning of Fl1, which encodes a novel zein protein body membrane protein with three predicted transmembrane domains and a C-terminal plant-specific domain of ..
  2. Mainieri D, Rossi M, Archinti M, Bellucci M, De Marchis F, Vavassori S, et al. Zeolin. A new recombinant storage protein constructed using maize gamma-zein and bean phaseolin. Plant Physiol. 2004;136:3447-56 pubmed
    The major seed storage proteins of maize (Zea mays) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), zein and phaseolin, accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in storage vacuoles, respectively...
  3. Qu Z, Wang H, Tang T, Zhang X, Wang J, Dai K. Evaluation of the zein/inorganics composite on biocompatibility and osteoblastic differentiation. Acta Biomater. 2008;4:1360-8 pubmed publisher
    We have previously studied the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of porous zein scaffolds...
  4. Pedersen K, Devereux J, Wilson D, Sheldon E, Larkins B. Cloning and sequence analysis reveal structural variation among related zein genes in maize. Cell. 1982;29:1015-26 pubmed
    We have isolated a gene encoding one of the 19,000 dalton zein proteins from a maize genomic library constructed in Charon 4A. This gene occurs on a 7...
  5. Chen L, Subirade M. Elaboration and characterization of soy/zein protein microspheres for controlled nutraceutical delivery. Biomacromolecules. 2009;10:3327-34 pubmed publisher
    Microspheres (15-25 microm) of soy protein isolate (SPI), zein, and SPI/zein blends were prepared using a cold gelation method as possible delivery systems for nutraceutical products...
  6. Li Y, Lim L, Kakuda Y. Electrospun zein fibers as carriers to stabilize (-)-epigallocatechin gallate. J Food Sci. 2009;74:C233-40 pubmed publisher
    In this study, a method was developed for continuous electrospinning of ultrafine corn zein protein fibers with diameters ranging from 150 to 600 nm...
  7. Wang Y, Filho F, Geil P, Padua G. Effects of processing on the structure of zein/oleic Acid films investigated by x-ray diffraction. Macromol Biosci. 2005;5:1200-8 pubmed
    b>Zein films plasticized with oleic acid were formed by solution casting, by the stretching of moldable resins, and by blown film extrusion. The effects of the forming process on film structure were investigated by X-ray diffraction...
  8. Dong J, Sun Q, Wang J. Basic study of corn protein, zein, as a biomaterial in tissue engineering, surface morphology and biocompatibility. Biomaterials. 2004;25:4691-7 pubmed
    The zein films, were prepared for culturing human liver cells (HL-7702) and mice fibroblast cells (NIH3T3), while the Corning microplate and polylactic acid (PLA) were chosen as controls...
  9. Wu Y, Messing J. RNA interference can rebalance the nitrogen sink of maize seeds without losing hard endosperm. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e32850 pubmed publisher
    ..5-fold higher than normal maize, with the most increased fraction being the zein protein, which was shown to contain no lysine soon after the long-term selection program initiated...

Scientific Experts

More Information

Publications62

  1. Wu Y, Messing J. RNA interference-mediated change in protein body morphology and seed opacity through loss of different zein proteins. Plant Physiol. 2010;153:337-47 pubmed publisher
    ..However, in the absence of null mutants of each type of zein (i.e...
  2. Momany F, Sessa D, Lawton J, Selling G, Hamaker S, Willett J. Structural characterization of alpha-zein. J Agric Food Chem. 2006;54:543-7 pubmed
    ..algorithms, and structural modeling methods have been used to create a molecular model of 19 kDa alpha-zein (Z19). Zetaeins are water-insoluble storage proteins found in corn protein bodies...
  3. Podaralla S, Perumal O. Preparation of zein nanoparticles by pH controlled nanoprecipitation. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2010;6:312-7 pubmed
    b>Zein is a hydrophobic water insoluble plant protein and the main goal of the present study was to prepare zein nanoparticles using pH controlled nanoprecipitation method...
  4. Zhu F, Kale A, Cheryan M. Fractionation of zein by size exclusion chromatography. J Agric Food Chem. 2007;55:3843-9 pubmed
    b>Zein is a group of alcohol-soluble corn proteins, which consists of several individual proteins. A single-step gel filtration chromatography method was developed to fractionate individual zeins from ethanol extracts of whole corn...
  5. Song R, Messing J. Contiguous genomic DNA sequence comprising the 19-kD zein gene family from maize. Plant Physiol. 2002;130:1626-35 pubmed
    A new approach has been undertaken to analyze the sequences and linear organization of the 19-kD zein genes in maize (Zea mays)...
  6. Shi K, Kokini J, Huang Q. Engineering zein films with controlled surface morphology and hydrophilicity. J Agric Food Chem. 2009;57:2186-92 pubmed publisher
    A new method to engineer zein films with controlled surface morphology and hydrophilicity has been developed...
  7. Kirihara J, Petri J, Messing J. Isolation and sequence of a gene encoding a methionine-rich 10-kDa zein protein from maize. Gene. 1988;71:359-70 pubmed
    We have isolated the gene encoding a methionine-rich 10-kDa zein protein from a lambda EMBL3 maize genomic 'mini' library of the inbred line BSSS-53 and determined its nucleotide sequence...
  8. Lohmer S, Maddaloni M, Motto M, Di Fonzo N, Hartings H, Salamini F, et al. The maize regulatory locus Opaque-2 encodes a DNA-binding protein which activates the transcription of the b-32 gene. EMBO J. 1991;10:617-24 pubmed
    ..endosperm box', a motif thought to be involved in endosperm-specific expression, which is also represented in 22 kd zein promoters. The O2 protein is also shown to be capable of binding in vitro and activating in vivo, its own promoter.
  9. Cabra V, Arreguin R, Galvez A, Quirasco M, Vazquez Duhalt R, Farres A. Characterization of a 19 kDa alpha-zein of high purity. J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53:725-9 pubmed
    A highly pure alpha-zein was extracted from corn flour using ethanol (95%). Subsequently, ion-exchange chromatography was performed, using SP-Sepharose that yielded a highly homogeneous protein...
  10. Washida H, Sugino A, Kaneko S, Crofts N, Sakulsingharoj C, Kim D, et al. Identification of cis-localization elements of the maize 10-kDa delta-zein and their use in targeting RNAs to specific cortical endoplasmic reticulum subdomains. Plant J. 2009;60:146-55 pubmed publisher
    ..As the PB-ER localization of the 10-kDa delta-zein RNA is maintained in developing rice seeds, we determined the number and proximate location of their cis-..
  11. Coleman C, Yoho P, Escobar S, Ogawa M. The accumulation of alpha-zein in transgenic tobacco endosperm is stabilized by co-expression of beta-zein. Plant Cell Physiol. 2004;45:864-71 pubmed
    The cysteine-poor alpha-zein is the major prolamin storage protein fraction in maize endosperm and is localized in the interior of protein bodies with delta-zein, whereas the hydrophobic cysteine-rich beta- and gamma-zein are found on the ..
  12. Maddaloni M, Di Fonzo N, Hartings H, Lazzaroni N, Salamini F, Thompson R, et al. The sequence of the zein regulatory gene opaque-2 (O2) of Zea Mays. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989;17:7532 pubmed
  13. Pysh L, Aukerman M, Schmidt R. OHP1: a maize basic domain/leucine zipper protein that interacts with opaque2. Plant Cell. 1993;5:227-36 pubmed
    OPAQUE2 (O2) is a regulatory gene that predominantly affects the expression of the 22-kD class of zein storage protein genes at the level of transcription...
  14. Jiang Y, Mo H, Yu D. Electrospun drug-loaded core-sheath PVP/zein nanofibers for biphasic drug release. Int J Pharm. 2012;438:232-9 pubmed publisher
    ..With ketoprofen (KET) as the model drug, polyvinylpyrrolidone and zein as the sheath polymer and core matrix, respectively, the coaxial process could be carried out smoothly and ..
  15. Lund G, Lauria M, Guldberg P, Zaina S. Duplication-dependent CG suppression of the seed storage protein genes of maize. Genetics. 2003;165:835-48 pubmed
    ..b>Zein genes are clustered on specific chromosomal regions, whereas MITEs and LTRs are dispersed in the genome...
  16. Kim C, Hunter B, Kraft J, Boston R, Yans S, Jung R, et al. A defective signal peptide in a 19-kD alpha-zein protein causes the unfolded protein response and an opaque endosperm phenotype in the maize De*-B30 mutant. Plant Physiol. 2004;134:380-7 pubmed
    Defective endosperm* (De*)-B30 is a dominant maize (Zea mays) mutation that depresses zein synthesis in the developing endosperm...
  17. Feng L, Zhu J, Wang G, Tang Y, Chen H, Jin W, et al. Expressional profiling study revealed unique expressional patterns and dramatic expressional divergence of maize alpha-zein super gene family. Plant Mol Biol. 2009;69:649-59 pubmed publisher
    The alpha-zein super gene family encodes the most predominant storage protein in maize (Zea mays) endosperm. In maize inbred line B73, it consists of four gene families with 41 member genes...
  18. Pompa A, Vitale A. Retention of a bean phaseolin/maize gamma-Zein fusion in the endoplasmic reticulum depends on disulfide bond formation. Plant Cell. 2006;18:2608-21 pubmed
    ..the Phaseolus vulgaris vacuolar storage protein phaseolin and the N-terminal half of the Zea mays prolamin gamma-zein forms ER-located PBs. Zeolin has 6 Cys residues and, like gamma-zein with 15 residues, is insoluble unless reduced...
  19. Gao Z, Ding P, Zhang L, Shi J, Yuan S, Wei J, et al. Study of a pingyangmycin delivery system: Zein/Zein-SAIB in situ gels. Int J Pharm. 2007;328:57-64 pubmed
    ..This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of a new drug delivery system, PYM-loaded Zein/Zein-sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) in situ gels, in gelling and extending the local release of PYM...
  20. Huang S, Frizzi A, Florida C, Kruger D, Luethy M. High lysine and high tryptophan transgenic maize resulting from the reduction of both 19- and 22-kD alpha-zeins. Plant Mol Biol. 2006;61:525-35 pubmed
    ..Whether through the identification of mutations or genetic engineering, kernels with reduced levels of zein proteins have been shown to have increased levels of lysine and tryptophan...
  21. Hurtado López P, Murdan S. Zein microspheres as drug/antigen carriers: a study of their degradation and erosion, in the presence and absence of enzymes. J Microencapsul. 2006;23:303-14 pubmed
    In the laboratory, zein microspheres are being investigated as drug/vaccine delivery systems...
  22. Flint Garcia S, Bodnar A, Scott M. Wide variability in kernel composition, seed characteristics, and zein profiles among diverse maize inbreds, landraces, and teosinte. Theor Appl Genet. 2009;119:1129-42 pubmed publisher
    ..We evaluated kernel characteristics, kernel composition, and zein profiles for a diverse set of modern inbred lines, teosinte accessions, and landraces, the intermediate between ..
  23. Jiang Q, Reddy N, Yang Y. Cytocompatible cross-linking of electrospun zein fibers for the development of water-stable tissue engineering scaffolds. Acta Biomater. 2010;6:4042-51 pubmed publisher
    This paper reports a new method of cross-linking electrospun zein fibers using citric acid as a non-toxic cross-linker to enhance the water stability and cytocompatibility of zein fibers for tissue engineering and other medical ..
  24. Tu J, Wang H, Li H, Dai K, Wang J, Zhang X. The in vivo bone formation by mesenchymal stem cells in zein scaffolds. Biomaterials. 2009;30:4369-76 pubmed publisher
    In our previous study, a three-dimensional zein porous scaffold was prepared. This scaffold showed proper mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and controllable biodegradation...
  25. Lai L, Guo H. Preparation of new 5-fluorouracil-loaded zein nanoparticles for liver targeting. Int J Pharm. 2011;404:317-23 pubmed publisher
    This study proposes a new zein nanoparticle (ZP) encapsulated 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) that target liver through intravenous delivery. The ZPs were prepared by phase separation process and optimized using uniform experimental design...
  26. Wu Y, Holding D, Messing J. Gamma-zeins are essential for endosperm modification in quality protein maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:12810-5 pubmed publisher
    Essential amino acids like lysine and tryptophan are deficient in corn meal because of the abundance of zein storage proteins that lack these amino acids...
  27. Sousa F, Luzardo Álvarez A, Blanco Méndez J, Martin Pastor M. NMR techniques in drug delivery: application to zein protein complexes. Int J Pharm. 2012;439:41-8 pubmed publisher
    b>Zein is a protein containing a large amount of nonpolar amino acids, which has shown the ability to form aggregates and entrap solutes, such as drugs and amino acids...
  28. Senna M, Salmieri S, El Naggar A, Safrany A, Lacroix M. Improving the compatibility of zein/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends by gamma irradiation and graft copolymerization of acrylic acid. J Agric Food Chem. 2010;58:4470-6 pubmed publisher
    ..with different ratios of acrylic acid monomer (AAc) on improving the compatibility of polymeric blends based on zein, as natural protein, and different ratios of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) up to 50% were studied...
  29. Schmidt R, Burr F, Aukerman M, Burr B. Maize regulatory gene opaque-2 encodes a protein with a "leucine-zipper" motif that binds to zein DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990;87:46-50 pubmed
    The opaque-2 locus (o2) in maize regulates the expression of many members of the zein multigene family of storage proteins...
  30. Kogan M, Lopez O, Cocera M, Lopez Iglesias C, De La Maza A, Giralt E. Exploring the interaction of the surfactant N-terminal domain of gamma-Zein with soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes. Biopolymers. 2004;73:258-68 pubmed
    Zeins are maize storage proteins that accumulate inside large vesicles called protein bodies. gamma-Zein lines the inner surface of the protein body membrane, and its N-terminal, proline-rich, repetitive domain with the sequence (VHLPPP)(..
  31. Fernandez Carneado J, Kogan M, Castel S, Giralt E. Potential peptide carriers: amphipathic proline-rich peptides derived from the N-terminal domain of gamma-zein. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2004;43:1811-4 pubmed
  32. Wang Q, Xian W, Li S, Liu C, Padua G. Topography and biocompatibility of patterned hydrophobic/hydrophilic zein layers. Acta Biomater. 2008;4:844-51 pubmed publisher
    The topography and biocompatibility of zein layers adsorbed on patterned templates containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions were investigated...
  33. Yao C, Li X, Song T. Fabrication of zein/hyaluronic acid fibrous membranes by electrospinning. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2007;18:731-42 pubmed
    ..In this report, zein/hyaluronic acid (HA) blend fibrous membranes were electrospun and characterized...
  34. Gong S, Wang H, Sun Q, Xue S, Wang J. Mechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility of porous zein scaffolds. Biomaterials. 2006;27:3793-9 pubmed
    A porous scaffold utilizing hydrophobic protein zein was prepared by the salt-leaching method for tissue engineering. The scaffolds possessed a total porosity of 75.3-79.0%, compressive Young's modulus of (28.2+/-6.7)MPa-(86.6+/-19...
  35. Parris N, Cooke P, Hicks K. Encapsulation of essential oils in zein nanospherical particles. J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53:4788-92 pubmed
    Three essential oils, oregano, red thyme, and cassia (100% pure oil), were encapsulated by phase separation into zein nanospheres...
  36. Segal G, Song R, Messing J. A new opaque variant of maize by a single dominant RNA-interference-inducing transgene. Genetics. 2003;165:387-97 pubmed
    ..We found that maize transformed with RNA interference (RNAi) constructs derived from a 22-kD zein gene could produce a dominant opaque phenotype...
  37. Song R, Llaca V, Linton E, Messing J. Sequence, regulation, and evolution of the maize 22-kD alpha zein gene family. Genome Res. 2001;11:1817-25 pubmed
    We have isolated and sequenced all 23 members of the 22-kD alpha zein (z1C) gene family of maize...
  38. Torres Giner S, Martinez Abad A, Ocio M, Lagaron J. Stabilization of a nutraceutical omega-3 fatty acid by encapsulation in ultrathin electrosprayed zein prolamine. J Food Sci. 2010;75:N69-79 pubmed publisher
    ..The target of this study was the stabilization by encapsulation of this bioactive ingredient in zein ultrathin capsules produced by electrospraying...
  39. Liu X, Sun Q, Wang H, Zhang L, Wang J. Microspheres of corn protein, zein, for an ivermectin drug delivery system. Biomaterials. 2005;26:109-15 pubmed
    A novel microsphere drug delivery system of ivermectin (IVM) using hydrophobic protein zein was prepared by the phase separation method and characterized by a scanning electron microscope and laser light scattering particle size analyzer...
  40. Krishnan H, Kerley M, Allee G, Jang S, Kim W, Fu C. Maize 27 kDa gamma-zein is a potential allergen for early weaned pigs. J Agric Food Chem. 2010;58:7323-8 pubmed publisher
    ..Several lines of evidence identify the immunodominant 27 kDa protein as a gamma-zein, a maize seed storage protein...
  41. Wang Q, Wang J, Geil P, Padua G. Zein adsorption to hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces investigated by surface plasmon resonance. Biomacromolecules. 2004;5:1356-61 pubmed
    b>Zein, the prolamine of corn, has been investigated for its potential as an industrial biopolymer. In previous research, zein was plasticized with oleic acid and formed into sheets/films...
  42. Wang H, Lin Z, Liu X, Sheng S, Wang J. Heparin-loaded zein microsphere film and hemocompatibility. J Control Release. 2005;105:120-31 pubmed
    b>Zein was studied as a drug-eluting coating film composed of zein microspheres for cardiovascular devices (e.g. stent)...
  43. Podaralla S, Averineni R, Alqahtani M, Perumal O. Synthesis of novel biodegradable methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-zein micelles for effective delivery of curcumin. Mol Pharm. 2012;9:2778-86 pubmed publisher
    Novel biodegradable micelles were synthesized by conjugating methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) to zein, a biodegradable hydrophobic plant protein. The mPEG-zein micelles were in the size range of 95-125 nm with a low CMC (5...
  44. Zhong Q, Jin M. Nanoscalar structures of spray-dried zein microcapsules and in vitro release kinetics of the encapsulated lysozyme as affected by formulations. J Agric Food Chem. 2009;57:3886-94 pubmed publisher
    ..In this work, spray-drying was used to encapsulate a model antimicrobial of lysozyme in corn zein. The effects of zein/lysozyme (20:1 to 4:1) and zein/thymol (1:0 to 4:1) ratios on the microstructures of ..
  45. Kim C, Woo Ym Y, Clore A, Burnett R, Carneiro N, Larkins B. Zein protein interactions, rather than the asymmetric distribution of zein mRNAs on endoplasmic reticulum membranes, influence protein body formation in maize endosperm. Plant Cell. 2002;14:655-72 pubmed
    ..To investigate this possibility, we analyzed the distribution of mRNAs encoding the 22-kD alpha-zein and the 27-kD gamma-zein proteins on cisternal and protein body rough endoplasmic reticulum membranes...
  46. Marz bal P, Gas E, Fontanet P, Vicente Carbajosa J, Torrent M, Ludevid M. The maize Dof protein PBF activates transcription of gamma-zein during maize seed development. Plant Mol Biol. 2008;67:441-54 pubmed publisher
    ..Maize PBF trans-activates the gamma-zein gene (gammaZ) promoter in developing maize seeds as shown by transient expression in maize endosperms...
  47. Luo Y, Zhang B, Whent M, Yu L, Wang Q. Preparation and characterization of zein/chitosan complex for encapsulation of ?-tocopherol, and its in vitro controlled release study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2011;85:145-52 pubmed publisher
    Chitosan (CS) nanoparticles coated with zein has been newly demonstrated as a promising encapsulation and delivery system for hydrophilic nutrient with enhanced bioactivities in our previous study...
  48. Paraman I, Lamsal B. Recovery and characterization of ?-zein from corn fermentation coproducts. J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59:3071-7 pubmed publisher
    ..of the ethanol production process, such as fermentation type, protease addition, and DDG drying temperature on zein recovery, were evaluated...
  49. Bellucci M, De Marchis F, Mannucci R, Bock R, Arcioni S. Cytoplasm and chloroplasts are not suitable subcellular locations for beta-zein accumulation in transgenic plants. J Exp Bot. 2005;56:1205-12 pubmed
    ..Overexpression of certain zein genes in plants such as alfalfa would be expected to improve the nutritional characteristics of this crop...
  50. Tang X, He Z, Dai Y, Xiong Y, Xie M, Chen J. Peptide fractionation and free radical scavenging activity of zein hydrolysate. J Agric Food Chem. 2010;58:587-93 pubmed publisher
    Alcalase-treated zein hydrolysate (ZH) was separated by gel filtration, ultrafiltration, and reversed-phase HPLC, and the scavenging activities for 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS*+), 1,1-diphenyl-2-..
  51. Zhu L, Chen J, Tang X, Xiong Y. Reducing, radical scavenging, and chelation properties of in vitro digests of alcalase-treated zein hydrolysate. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56:2714-21 pubmed publisher
    The objective of the study was to assess the antioxidant potential of alcalase-treated zein hydrolysate (ZH) during a two-stage (1 h of pepsin --> 0.5-2 h of pancreatin, 37 degrees C) in vitro digestion...
  52. Guo H, Shi Y. A novel zein-based dry coating tablet design for zero-order release. Int J Pharm. 2009;370:81-6 pubmed publisher
    The purpose of this study was to design zero-order release of dry-coated tablets using pure zein powder, zein granule and zein blend containing two common pharmaceutical excipients such as microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) or starch in ..
  53. Zhang Y, Niu Y, Luo Y, Ge M, Yang T, Yu L, et al. Fabrication, characterization and antimicrobial activities of thymol-loaded zein nanoparticles stabilized by sodium caseinate-chitosan hydrochloride double layers. Food Chem. 2014;142:269-75 pubmed publisher
    Thymol-loaded zein nanoparticles stabilized with sodium caseinate (SC) and chitosan hydrochloride (CHC) were prepared and characterized. The SC stabilized nanoparticles had well-defined size range and negatively charged surface...