Shedding of HIV In Semen Despite Antiretroviral Therapy

Summary

Principal Investigator: Lee H Harrison
Affiliation: University of Pittsburgh
Country: USA
Abstract: This is an application for a Midcareer Award for Patient-Oriented Research (K24) for Lee H. Harrison, M.D., Associate Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Infectious Diseases and Microbiology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health. The goal of this application is to allow the candidate to substantially change the direction of his career, with an increased emphasis on mentoring junior faculty, doctoral students, and infectious diseases fellows interested in pursuing careers in patient-oriented research. Specifically, this K24 award will allow Dr. Harrison to: 1) provide mentoring in patient-oriented research to infectious diseases fellows and junior faculty in the School of Medicine, doctoral students in the Graduate School of Public Health, and junior investigators from Brazil, 2) in collaboration with a junior faculty member mentored by the candidate, conduct a study to identify factors for persistent shedding of HIV RNA in semen among HIV-infected persons taking highly-active antiretroviral therapy, 3) build the research of the Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, which the candidate recently established at the University of Pittsburgh. The focus of the unit is the epidemiology and prevention of HIV infection in Brazil and the epidemiology, molecular epidemiology, and prevention of vaccine-preventable and drug-resistant invasive bacterial infections. The candidate has a successful track record of publication and mentoring in both of these areas of research. This award will allow Dr. Harrison to substantially change his day-to-day role on a variety of research projects he directs. The increase in protected time will lead to an increase in research productivity particularly because it will provide protected time for mentoring the next generation of patient-oriented investigators at the University of Pittsburgh.
Funding Period: 2002-09-01 - 2007-11-30
more information: NIH RePORT

Top Publications

  1. ncbi A large outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated disease with an unexpected proportion of deaths and colectomies at a teaching hospital following increased fluoroquinolone use
    Carlene A Muto
    Division of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Presbyterian Campus, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 26:273-80. 2005
  2. ncbi Temporal changes in causes of death among HIV-infected patients in the HAART era in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
    Antonio G Pacheco
    Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, FIOCRUZ, Brazil
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 51:624-30. 2009
  3. ncbi Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal meningitis
    Heather E Hsu
    University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    N Engl J Med 360:244-56. 2009
  4. ncbi High frequency of rifampin resistance identified in an epidemic Clostridium difficile clone from a large teaching hospital
    Scott R Curry
    Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 48:425-9. 2009
  5. ncbi Emergence and disappearance of a virulent clone of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius, cause of Brazilian purpuric fever
    Lee H Harrison
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and School ofMedicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
    Clin Microbiol Rev 21:594-605. 2008
  6. ncbi Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates at a tertiary medical center in Pennsylvania
    Jennifer M Adams-Haduch
    Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, S829 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 52:3837-43. 2008
  7. ncbi Risk factors for meningococcal disease in students in grades 9-12
    Lee H Harrison
    Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
    Pediatr Infect Dis J 27:193-9. 2008
  8. ncbi College and university compliance with a required meningococcal vaccination law
    Amanda D Castel
    The Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University s School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC 20037, USA
    J Am Coll Health 56:119-27. 2007
  9. ncbi Discordant responses to potent antiretroviral treatment in previously naive HIV-1-infected adults initiating treatment in resource-constrained countries: the antiretroviral therapy in low-income countries (ART-LINC) collaboration
    Suely H Tuboi
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 45:52-9. 2007
  10. ncbi Prevalence of factor H-binding protein variants and NadA among meningococcal group B isolates from the United States: implications for the development of a multicomponent group B vaccine
    Peter T Beernink
    Center for Immunobiology and Vaccine Development, Children s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
    J Infect Dis 195:1472-9. 2007

Scientific Experts

  • Lee H Harrison
  • Jane W Marsh
  • MARY C MCELLISTREM
  • Carlene A Muto
  • Yohei Doi
  • Antonio G Pacheco
  • Scott R Curry
  • Suely H Tuboi
  • Kathleen A Shutt
  • Heather E Hsu
  • A William Pasculle
  • Jennifer M Adams-Haduch
  • Mary M O'Leary
  • Peter T Beernink
  • Amanda D Castel
  • Eduardo Sprinz
  • Anna C Noller
  • Mauro Schechter
  • Nancy M Bennett
  • Susan Petit
  • Arthur Reingold
  • Bernard W Beall
  • Matthew R Moore
  • Melissa I Saul
  • Ann Thomas
  • Catherine A Lexau
  • Allen S Craig
  • William Schaffner
  • James H Jorgensen
  • Cynthia G Whitney
  • Monica M Farley
  • Brian A Potoski
  • Hanna E Sidjabat
  • David L Paterson
  • Anthony W Pasculle
  • Sheldon L Kaplan
  • Greg Reed
  • Francois Dabis
  • Martin W G Brinkhof
  • Dan M Granoff
  • David Blythe
  • Roslyn A Stone
  • Paula Braitstein
  • Arunas Leipus
  • Jo Anne Welsch
  • Marsha G Davenport
  • Matthias Egger
  • Denis Nash
  • Ricardo K M Albernaz

Detail Information

Publications19

  1. ncbi A large outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated disease with an unexpected proportion of deaths and colectomies at a teaching hospital following increased fluoroquinolone use
    Carlene A Muto
    Division of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Presbyterian Campus, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 26:273-80. 2005
    ..difficile infections; of these, 26 resulted in colectomy and 18 resulted in death. We conducted an investigation of a large C. difficile outbreak in our hospital to identify risk factors and characterize the outbreak...
  2. ncbi Temporal changes in causes of death among HIV-infected patients in the HAART era in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
    Antonio G Pacheco
    Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, FIOCRUZ, Brazil
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 51:624-30. 2009
    ..The widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to marked decreases in death rates in Brazil in HIV-infected individuals. Nonetheless, there are scarce data on specific causes of death...
  3. ncbi Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal meningitis
    Heather E Hsu
    University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    N Engl J Med 360:244-56. 2009
    ..Invasive pneumococcal disease declined among children and adults after the introduction of the pediatric heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000, but its effect on pneumococcal meningitis is unclear...
  4. ncbi High frequency of rifampin resistance identified in an epidemic Clostridium difficile clone from a large teaching hospital
    Scott R Curry
    Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
    Clin Infect Dis 48:425-9. 2009
    ..difficile-associated disease. Rifampin resistance in C. difficile strains has been reported to be uncommon...
  5. ncbi Emergence and disappearance of a virulent clone of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius, cause of Brazilian purpuric fever
    Lee H Harrison
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and School ofMedicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
    Clin Microbiol Rev 21:594-605. 2008
    ..After a series of outbreaks and sporadic cases through 1993, no additional cases of BPF have been reported...
  6. ncbi Genetic basis of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates at a tertiary medical center in Pennsylvania
    Jennifer M Adams-Haduch
    Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, S829 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 52:3837-43. 2008
    ..Fifty-nine percent of the MDR isolates belonged to a single clonal group over the course of the study period, as demonstrated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis...
  7. ncbi Risk factors for meningococcal disease in students in grades 9-12
    Lee H Harrison
    Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
    Pediatr Infect Dis J 27:193-9. 2008
    ..Universal immunization of adolescents with meningococcal conjugate vaccine was recently recommended. We studied risk factors for meningococcal disease in students in grades 9-12...
  8. ncbi College and university compliance with a required meningococcal vaccination law
    Amanda D Castel
    The Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University s School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC 20037, USA
    J Am Coll Health 56:119-27. 2007
    ..The authors sought to identify how Maryland colleges addressed the law and determine whether schools were in full compliance...
  9. ncbi Discordant responses to potent antiretroviral treatment in previously naive HIV-1-infected adults initiating treatment in resource-constrained countries: the antiretroviral therapy in low-income countries (ART-LINC) collaboration
    Suely H Tuboi
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 45:52-9. 2007
    ..To assess the frequency of and risk factors for discordant responses at 6 months on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in previously treatment-naive HIV patients from resource-limited countries...
  10. ncbi Prevalence of factor H-binding protein variants and NadA among meningococcal group B isolates from the United States: implications for the development of a multicomponent group B vaccine
    Peter T Beernink
    Center for Immunobiology and Vaccine Development, Children s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
    J Infect Dis 195:1472-9. 2007
    ..Antibodies against fHBP are bactericidal against strains within a variant group. There are limited data on the prevalence of strains expressing different fHBP variants in the United States...
  11. ncbi Deletion of fetA gene sequences in serogroup B and C Neisseria meningitidis isolates
    Jane W Marsh
    University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 865 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    J Clin Microbiol 45:1333-5. 2007
    ..In this report, we describe the characterization of three meningococcal isolates that have deleted fetA sequences through genetic recombination at repetitive elements...
  12. ncbi Vaccine prevention of meningococcal disease: making slow progress
    Lee H Harrison
    Clin Infect Dis 43:1395-7. 2006
  13. ncbi tcdC genotypes associated with severe TcdC truncation in an epidemic clone and other strains of Clostridium difficile
    Scott R Curry
    Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA
    J Clin Microbiol 45:215-21. 2007
    ..Further investigations are required to determine the effect of this and other tcdC genotypes on toxin production and clinical disease...
  14. ncbi Multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis for investigation of Clostridium difficile transmission in Hospitals
    Jane W Marsh
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Medical Center, Division of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, 865 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    J Clin Microbiol 44:2558-66. 2006
    ..Thus, MLVA is an objective, portable genotyping method that permits reliable detection of C. difficile outbreaks and can aid epidemiologic investigations of nosocomial transmission...
  15. ncbi Antigenic shift and increased incidence of meningococcal disease
    Lee H Harrison
    Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
    J Infect Dis 193:1266-74. 2006
    ..The cyclical nature of endemic meningococcal disease remains unexplained. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms associated with the increase in the incidence of meningococcal disease...
  16. ncbi Locus-specific mutational events in a multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7
    Anna C Noller
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, 521 Parran Hall, 130 DeSoto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
    J Clin Microbiol 44:374-7. 2006
    ..The remaining four loci had no slippage events detected. The mutation rates were locus specific and may impact the interpretation of MLVA data for epidemiologic investigations...
  17. ncbi Predictors of virologic failure in HIV-1-infected patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy in Porto Alegre, Brazil
    Suely H Tuboi
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 40:324-8. 2005
    ..With currently available therapies, compliance and education were shown to be predictors of virologic response, particularly in more immunocompromised patients...
  18. ncbi Erythromycin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae in children, 1999-2001
    M Catherine McEllistrem
    University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 2582, USA
    Emerg Infect Dis 11:969-72. 2005
    ..The decline in infection rates was likely due to the pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine...
  19. ncbi Global epidemiology of meningococcal disease
    Lee H Harrison
    Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health, 521 Parran Hall, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
    Vaccine 27:B51-63. 2009
    ....