serum response factor

Summary

Gene Symbol: serum response factor
Description: serum response factor
Alias: AW049942, AW240594, serum response factor
Species: mouse
Products:     serum response factor

Top Publications

  1. Belaguli N, Schildmeyer L, Schwartz R. Organization and myogenic restricted expression of the murine serum response factor gene. A role for autoregulation. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:18222-31 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF), a member of an ancient family of DNA-binding proteins, is generally assumed to be a ubiquitous transcription factor involved in regulating growth factor-responsive genes...
  2. Weinhold B, Schratt G, Arsenian S, Berger J, Kamino K, Schwarz H, et al. Srf(-/-) ES cells display non-cell-autonomous impairment in mesodermal differentiation. EMBO J. 2000;19:5835-44 pubmed
    The serum response factor (SRF) transcription factor is essential for murine embryogenesis. SRF+(-/-) embryos stop developing at the onset of gastrulation, lacking detectable mesoderm...
  3. Li S, Czubryt M, McAnally J, Bassel Duby R, Richardson J, Wiebel F, et al. Requirement for serum response factor for skeletal muscle growth and maturation revealed by tissue-specific gene deletion in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:1082-7 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) controls the transcription of muscle genes by recruiting a variety of partner proteins, including members of the myocardin family of transcriptional coactivators...
  4. Allen D, Weber J, Sycuro L, Leinwand L. Myocyte enhancer factor-2 and serum response factor binding elements regulate fast Myosin heavy chain transcription in vivo. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:17126-34 pubmed
    ..retains binding activity and transcriptional activation for three positive transcription factors, the serum response factor, Oct-1, and myocyte enhancer factor-2, whereas the other two genes (IIa and IId/x) have nucleotide ..
  5. Liu N, Bezprozvannaya S, Williams A, Qi X, Richardson J, Bassel Duby R, et al. microRNA-133a regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and suppresses smooth muscle gene expression in the heart. Genes Dev. 2008;22:3242-54 pubmed publisher
  6. Sullivan A, Benner C, Heinz S, Huang W, Xie L, Miano J, et al. Serum response factor utilizes distinct promoter- and enhancer-based mechanisms to regulate cytoskeletal gene expression in macrophages. Mol Cell Biol. 2011;31:861-75 pubmed publisher
    ..Here, using genetic and genomic approaches, we provide evidence that serum response factor (SRF) regulates both general and cell type-restricted components of the cytoskeletal gene expression ..
  7. Charvet C, Houbron C, Parlakian A, Giordani J, Lahoute C, Bertrand A, et al. New role for serum response factor in postnatal skeletal muscle growth and regeneration via the interleukin 4 and insulin-like growth factor 1 pathways. Mol Cell Biol. 2006;26:6664-74 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is a crucial transcriptional factor for muscle-specific gene expression. We investigated SRF function in adult skeletal muscles, using mice with a postmitotic myofiber-targeted disruption of the SRF gene...
  8. Cordes K, Sheehy N, White M, Berry E, Morton S, Muth A, et al. miR-145 and miR-143 regulate smooth muscle cell fate and plasticity. Nature. 2009;460:705-10 pubmed publisher
    ..miR-145 and miR-143 were direct transcriptional targets of serum response factor, myocardin and Nkx2-5 (NK2 transcription factor related, locus 5) and were downregulated in injured or ..
  9. Spencer J, Misra R. Expression of the serum response factor gene is regulated by serum response factor binding sites. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:16535-43 pubmed
    The serum response factor (SRF) is a ubiquitous transcription factor that plays a central role in the transcriptional response of mammalian cells to a variety of extracellular signals...

More Information

Publications65

  1. Balza R, Misra R. Role of the serum response factor in regulating contractile apparatus gene expression and sarcomeric integrity in cardiomyocytes. J Biol Chem. 2006;281:6498-510 pubmed
    The serum response factor (SRF) is a transcriptional regulator required for mesodermal development, including heart formation and function...
  2. Ragu C, Elain G, Mylonas E, Ottolenghi C, Cagnard N, Daegelen D, et al. The transcription factor Srf regulates hematopoietic stem cell adhesion. Blood. 2010;116:4464-73 pubmed publisher
    ..The serum response factor (Srf) regulates growth factor-inducible genes and genes controlling cytoskeleton structures involved in ..
  3. Stern S, Debre E, Stritt C, Berger J, Posern G, Knöll B. A nuclear actin function regulates neuronal motility by serum response factor-dependent gene transcription. J Neurosci. 2009;29:4512-8 pubmed publisher
    ..R62D-induced phenotypes strongly resemble neurons lacking SRF (Serum Response Factor). SRF controls gene transcription of various actin isoforms (e.g...
  4. Holtz M, Misra R. Endothelial-specific ablation of serum response factor causes hemorrhaging, yolk sac vascular failure, and embryonic lethality. BMC Dev Biol. 2008;8:65 pubmed publisher
    b>Serum response factor (SRF), a member of the MADS box family of nuclear transcription factors, plays an important role in cardiovascular development and function...
  5. L honoré A, Rana V, Arsic N, Franckhauser C, Lamb N, Fernandez A. Identification of a new hybrid serum response factor and myocyte enhancer factor 2-binding element in MyoD enhancer required for MyoD expression during myogenesis. Mol Biol Cell. 2007;18:1992-2001 pubmed
    ..This enhancer contains a functional divergent serum response factor (SRF)-binding CArG element required for MyoD expression during myoblast growth and muscle regeneration in ..
  6. Fleige A, Alberti S, Gröbe L, Frischmann U, Geffers R, Muller W, et al. Serum response factor contributes selectively to lymphocyte development. J Biol Chem. 2007;282:24320-8 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF), is a crucial transcription factor for murine embryonic development and for the function of muscle cells and neurons...
  7. Zhang X, Azhar G, Furr M, Zhong Y, Wei J. Model of functional cardiac aging: young adult mice with mild overexpression of serum response factor. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2003;285:R552-60 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is an important transcription factor that may have a role in the maintenance of cardiac structure and function...
  8. Schratt G, Philippar U, Hockemeyer D, Schwarz H, Alberti S, Nordheim A. SRF regulates Bcl-2 expression and promotes cell survival during murine embryonic development. EMBO J. 2004;23:1834-44 pubmed
    The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) controls the expression of genes involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation...
  9. Zhao Y, Samal E, Srivastava D. Serum response factor regulates a muscle-specific microRNA that targets Hand2 during cardiogenesis. Nature. 2005;436:214-20 pubmed
    ..that the miR-1 genes are direct transcriptional targets of muscle differentiation regulators including serum response factor, MyoD and Mef2...
  10. Sakuma K, Akiho M, Nakashima H, Akima H, Yasuhara M. Age-related reductions in expression of serum response factor and myocardin-related transcription factor A in mouse skeletal muscles. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008;1782:453-61 pubmed publisher
    ..Senescent mice possessed significantly higher levels of MyoD protein in the cytosol and nucleus. Decreased SRF and MRTF expression may induce the atrophy of skeletal muscle with aging. ..
  11. Wang D, Li S, Hockemeyer D, Sutherland L, Wang Z, Schratt G, et al. Potentiation of serum response factor activity by a family of myocardin-related transcription factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:14855-60 pubmed
    Myocardin is a SAP (SAF-A/B, Acinus, PIAS) domain transcription factor that associates with serum response factor (SRF) to potently enhance SRF-dependent transcription...
  12. Wang D, Chang P, Wang Z, Sutherland L, Richardson J, Small E, et al. Activation of cardiac gene expression by myocardin, a transcriptional cofactor for serum response factor. Cell. 2001;105:851-62 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) regulates transcription of numerous muscle and growth factor-inducible genes. Because SRF is not muscle specific, it has been postulated to activate muscle genes by recruiting myogenic accessory factors...
  13. Xie L, Sullivan A, Collier J, Glass C. Serum response factor indirectly regulates type I interferon-signaling in macrophages. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2013;33:588-96 pubmed publisher
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is required for diverse aspects of development and homeostasis, but potential roles in the regulation of inflammation and immunity have not been systematically investigated...
  14. Ramanan N, Shen Y, Sarsfield S, Lemberger T, Schutz G, Linden D, et al. SRF mediates activity-induced gene expression and synaptic plasticity but not neuronal viability. Nat Neurosci. 2005;8:759-67 pubmed
    ..Here, we show that deletion of serum response factor (SRF) in specific neuronal populations in adult mice results in profound deficits in activity-dependent ..
  15. Long X, Tharp D, Georger M, Slivano O, Lee M, Wamhoff B, et al. The smooth muscle cell-restricted KCNMB1 ion channel subunit is a direct transcriptional target of serum response factor and myocardin. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:33671-82 pubmed publisher
    ..Gel shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed serum response factor (SRF) binding to both CArG elements...
  16. Huang J, Elicker J, Bowens N, Liu X, Cheng L, Cappola T, et al. Myocardin regulates BMP10 expression and is required for heart development. J Clin Invest. 2012;122:3678-91 pubmed publisher
    ..Myocardin transactivated the Bmp10 gene via binding of a serum response factor-myocardin protein complex to a nonconsensus CArG element in the Bmp10 promoter...
  17. Parlakian A, Charvet C, Escoubet B, Mericskay M, Molkentin J, Gary Bobo G, et al. Temporally controlled onset of dilated cardiomyopathy through disruption of the SRF gene in adult heart. Circulation. 2005;112:2930-9 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is a cardiac transcription factor involved in cell growth and differentiation...
  18. Chen C, Croissant J, Majesky M, Topouzis S, McQuinn T, Frankovsky M, et al. Activation of the cardiac alpha-actin promoter depends upon serum response factor, Tinman homologue, Nkx-2.5, and intact serum response elements. Dev Genet. 1996;19:119-30 pubmed
    ..In this study, Nkx-2.5 facilitated serum response factor (SRF) DNA-binding activity to the multiple SREs found on the cardiac alpha-actin promoter and together ..
  19. Miano J, Ramanan N, Georger M, de Mesy Bentley K, Emerson R, Balza R, et al. Restricted inactivation of serum response factor to the cardiovascular system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:17132-7 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) directs programs of gene expression linked to growth and muscle differentiation...
  20. Zhang X, Azhar G, Huang C, Cui C, Zhong Y, Huck S, et al. Alternative splicing and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay regulate gene expression of serum response factor. Gene. 2007;400:131-9 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is an important transcription factor that regulates a variety of genes in many tissues during development, maturation and aging...
  21. Verdoni A, Ikeda S, Ikeda A. Serum response factor is essential for the proper development of skin epithelium. Mamm Genome. 2010;21:64-76 pubmed publisher
    ..b>Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor that is considered to be an important regulator of the actin cytoskeleton...
  22. Rieker C, Schober A, Bilbao A, Schutz G, Parkitna J. Ablation of serum response factor in dopaminergic neurons exacerbates susceptibility towards MPTP-induced oxidative stress. Eur J Neurosci. 2012;35:735-41 pubmed publisher
    ..Here we investigate the role of the serum response factor (SRF), an important regulator of anti-apoptotic responses, for the survival of DA neurons in mice...
  23. Miralles F, Posern G, Zaromytidou A, Treisman R. Actin dynamics control SRF activity by regulation of its coactivator MAL. Cell. 2003;113:329-42 pubmed
    ..Constitutively cytoplasmic MAL derivatives interfere with MAL redistribution and Rho-actin signaling to SRF. MAL associates with several SRF target promoters regulated via the Rho-actin pathway. ..
  24. Mylona A, Nicolas R, Maurice D, Sargent M, Tuil D, Daegelen D, et al. The essential function for serum response factor in T-cell development reflects its specific coupling to extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling. Mol Cell Biol. 2011;31:267-76 pubmed publisher
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) recruits members of two families of signal-regulated coactivators, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-regulated ternary complex factors (TCFs) and the actin-regulated myocardin-related ..
  25. Zaromytidou A, Miralles F, Treisman R. MAL and ternary complex factor use different mechanisms to contact a common surface on the serum response factor DNA-binding domain. Mol Cell Biol. 2006;26:4134-48 pubmed
    The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) interacts with its cofactor, MAL/MKL1, a member of the myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF) family, through its DNA-binding domain...
  26. Verdoni A, Schuster K, Cole B, Ikeda A, Kao W, Ikeda S. A pathogenic relationship between a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton and serum response factor. Genetics. 2010;186:147-57 pubmed publisher
    ..We previously identified that the transcription factor, serum response factor (SRF) and a number of its target genes are upregulated in the cornea of these mice...
  27. Descot A, Hoffmann R, Shaposhnikov D, Reschke M, Ullrich A, Posern G. Negative regulation of the EGFR-MAPK cascade by actin-MAL-mediated Mig6/Errfi-1 induction. Mol Cell. 2009;35:291-304 pubmed publisher
    ..We found many known MAL/MRTF-dependent target genes of serum response factor (SRF), as well as additional directly regulated genes...
  28. Alberti S, Krause S, Kretz O, Philippar U, Lemberger T, Casanova E, et al. Neuronal migration in the murine rostral migratory stream requires serum response factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:6148-53 pubmed
    ..We report an absolute requirement of the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) for neuronal migration in the mouse forebrain...
  29. Lee S, Vasishtha M, Prywes R. Activation and repression of cellular immediate early genes by serum response factor cofactors. J Biol Chem. 2010;285:22036-49 pubmed publisher
    The induction of expression of many cellular immediate early genes (IEG) involves the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF)...
  30. Guettler S, Vartiainen M, Miralles F, Larijani B, Treisman R. RPEL motifs link the serum response factor cofactor MAL but not myocardin to Rho signaling via actin binding. Mol Cell Biol. 2008;28:732-42 pubmed
    Myocardin (MC) family proteins are transcriptional coactivators for serum response factor (SRF). Each family member possesses a conserved N-terminal region containing three RPEL motifs (the "RPEL domain")...
  31. Wiebel F, Rennekampff V, Vintersten K, Nordheim A. Generation of mice carrying conditional knockout alleles for the transcription factor SRF. Genesis. 2002;32:124-6 pubmed
  32. Lindecke A, Korte M, Zagrebelsky M, Horejschi V, Elvers M, Widera D, et al. Long-term depression activates transcription of immediate early transcription factor genes: involvement of serum response factor/Elk-1. Eur J Neurosci. 2006;24:555-63 pubmed
    ..Bioinformatic analysis suggested a common regulator element [serum response factor (SRF)/Elk-1 binding sites] within the promoter region of these genes...
  33. Zhang X, Chai J, Azhar G, Sheridan P, Borras A, Furr M, et al. Early postnatal cardiac changes and premature death in transgenic mice overexpressing a mutant form of serum response factor. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:40033-40 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is a key regulator of a number of extracellular signal-regulated genes important for cell growth and differentiation. A form of the SRF gene with a double mutation (dmSRF) was generated...
  34. Niu Z, Yu W, Zhang S, Barron M, Belaguli N, Schneider M, et al. Conditional mutagenesis of the murine serum response factor gene blocks cardiogenesis and the transcription of downstream gene targets. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:32531-8 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) homozygous-null embryos from our backcross of SRF(LacZ/)(+) "knock-in" mice failed to gastrulate and form mesoderm, similar to the findings of an earlier study (Arsenian, S., Weinhold, B...
  35. Stritt C, Stern S, Harting K, Manke T, Sinske D, Schwarz H, et al. Paracrine control of oligodendrocyte differentiation by SRF-directed neuronal gene expression. Nat Neurosci. 2009;12:418-27 pubmed publisher
    In neurons, serum response factor (SRF)-directed transcription regulates migration, axon pathfinding and synapse function...
  36. Chow N, Bell R, Deane R, Streb J, Chen J, Brooks A, et al. Serum response factor and myocardin mediate arterial hypercontractility and cerebral blood flow dysregulation in Alzheimer's phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104:823-8 pubmed
    ..small pial and intracerebral arteries, which are critical for CBF regulation, express in AD high levels of serum response factor (SRF) and myocardin (MYOCD), two interacting transcription factors that orchestrate a VSMC-differentiated ..
  37. Knöll B, Kretz O, Fiedler C, Alberti S, Schutz G, Frotscher M, et al. Serum response factor controls neuronal circuit assembly in the hippocampus. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9:195-204 pubmed
    ..We demonstrate essential roles of the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF), a sensor of cytoskeletal actin dynamics, in all these processes...
  38. Busche S, Descot A, Julien S, Genth H, Posern G. Epithelial cell-cell contacts regulate SRF-mediated transcription via Rac-actin-MAL signalling. J Cell Sci. 2008;121:1025-35 pubmed publisher
    ..Here, we investigate whether junction disassembly regulates transcription by serum response factor (SRF) and its coactivator MAL/MRTF...
  39. Shin C, Liu Z, Passier R, Zhang C, Wang D, Harris T, et al. Modulation of cardiac growth and development by HOP, an unusual homeodomain protein. Cell. 2002;110:725-35 pubmed
    ..5. HOP does not bind DNA and acts as an antagonist of serum response factor (SRF), which regulates the opposing processes of proliferation and myogenesis...
  40. Sun K, Battle M, Misra R, Duncan S. Hepatocyte expression of serum response factor is essential for liver function, hepatocyte proliferation and survival, and postnatal body growth in mice. Hepatology. 2009;49:1645-54 pubmed publisher
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor that binds to a CarG box motif within the serum response element of genes that are expressed in response to mitogens...
  41. Stritt C, Knöll B. Serum response factor regulates hippocampal lamination and dendrite development and is connected with reelin signaling. Mol Cell Biol. 2010;30:1828-37 pubmed publisher
    ..SRF (serum response factor), a transcription factor, regulates synaptic-activity-induced immediate-early gene (IEG) induction and ..
  42. Parlakian A, Tuil D, Hamard G, Tavernier G, Hentzen D, Concordet J, et al. Targeted inactivation of serum response factor in the developing heart results in myocardial defects and embryonic lethality. Mol Cell Biol. 2004;24:5281-9 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is at the confluence of multiple signaling pathways controlling the transcription of immediate-early response genes and muscle-specific genes...
  43. Philippar U, Schratt G, Dieterich C, Müller J, Galgoczy P, Engel F, et al. The SRF target gene Fhl2 antagonizes RhoA/MAL-dependent activation of SRF. Mol Cell. 2004;16:867-80 pubmed
    RhoA signaling regulates the activity of the transcription factor SRF (serum response factor) during muscle differentiation...
  44. Arsenian S, Weinhold B, Oelgeschlager M, Ruther U, Nordheim A. Serum response factor is essential for mesoderm formation during mouse embryogenesis. EMBO J. 1998;17:6289-99 pubmed
    The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF), a phylogenetically conserved nuclear protein, mediates the rapid transcriptional response to extracellular stimuli, e.g. growth and differentiation signals...
  45. Niu Z, Iyer D, Conway S, Martin J, Ivey K, Srivastava D, et al. Serum response factor orchestrates nascent sarcomerogenesis and silences the biomineralization gene program in the heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:17824-9 pubmed publisher
    Our conditional serum response factor (SRF) knockout, Srf (Cko), in the heart-forming region blocked the appearance of rhythmic beating myocytes, one of the earliest cardiac defects caused by the ablation of a cardiac-enriched ..
  46. Sandström J, Heiduschka P, Beck S, Philippar U, Seeliger M, Schraermeyer U, et al. Degeneration of the mouse retina upon dysregulated activity of serum response factor. Mol Vis. 2011;17:1110-27 pubmed
    ..a transgenic mouse line expressing a constitutively active variant of the transcription regulatory protein serum response factor (SRF), namely the SRF-VP16 protein...
  47. Etkin A, Alarcon J, Weisberg S, Touzani K, Huang Y, Nordheim A, et al. A role in learning for SRF: deletion in the adult forebrain disrupts LTD and the formation of an immediate memory of a novel context. Neuron. 2006;50:127-43 pubmed
  48. Nelson T, Duncan S, Misra R. Conserved enhancer in the serum response factor promoter controls expression during early coronary vasculogenesis. Circ Res. 2004;94:1059-66 pubmed
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor required for mesoderm formation in the developing mouse embryo that is important for myogenic differentiation, including notably, the differentiation of the proepicardial organ (PEO) ..
  49. Koegel H, von Tobel L, Schafer M, Alberti S, Kremmer E, Mauch C, et al. Loss of serum response factor in keratinocytes results in hyperproliferative skin disease in mice. J Clin Invest. 2009;119:899-910 pubmed publisher
    The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) plays a crucial role in the development of several organs. However, its role in the skin has not been explored...
  50. Schratt G, Philippar U, Berger J, Schwarz H, Heidenreich O, Nordheim A. Serum response factor is crucial for actin cytoskeletal organization and focal adhesion assembly in embryonic stem cells. J Cell Biol. 2002;156:737-50 pubmed
    The activity of serum response factor (SRF), an essential transcription factor in mouse gastrulation, is regulated by changes in actin dynamics...
  51. Gonzalez Bosc L, Layne J, Nelson M, Hill Eubanks D. Nuclear factor of activated T cells and serum response factor cooperatively regulate the activity of an alpha-actin intronic enhancer. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:26113-20 pubmed
    Expression of alpha-actin in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is regulated, in part, by an intronic serum response factor (SRF)-binding CArG element...
  52. Wang D, Passier R, Liu Z, Shin C, Wang Z, Li S, et al. Regulation of cardiac growth and development by SRF and its cofactors. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2002;67:97-105 pubmed
  53. Hamdi H, Boitard S, Planat Bénard V, Pouly J, Neamatalla H, Joanne P, et al. Efficacy of epicardially delivered adipose stroma cell sheets in dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res. 2013;99:640-7 pubmed publisher
    ..a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy based on cardiac-specific and tamoxifen-inducible invalidation of serum response factor. Three weeks after tamoxifen administration, the function of the left ventricle (LV) was assessed by ..
  54. Rodenberg J, Hoggatt A, Chen M, Touw K, Jones R, Herring B. Regulation of serum response factor activity and smooth muscle cell apoptosis by chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 8. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2010;299:C1058-67 pubmed publisher
    b>Serum response factor (SRF) is a widely expressed protein that plays a key role in the regulation of smooth muscle differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis...
  55. Li D, Niu Z, Yu W, Qian Y, Wang Q, Li Q, et al. SMYD1, the myogenic activator, is a direct target of serum response factor and myogenin. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009;37:7059-71 pubmed publisher
    ..and cardiogenesis, we cloned and characterized the human SMYD1 promoter, which contains highly conserved serum response factor (SRF) and myogenin binding sites...
  56. Visegrady B, Machesky L. Myopathy-causing actin mutations promote defects in serum-response factor signalling. Biochem J. 2010;427:41-8 pubmed publisher
    ..We propose that altered serum-response factor signalling could be a major factor in actin-based nemaline myopathy, and that this area could be exploited to develop therapies for sufferers. ..