Prkd1

Summary

Gene Symbol: Prkd1
Description: protein kinase D1
Alias: PKD, PKD1, Pkcm, Prkcm, serine/threonine-protein kinase D1, nPKC-D1, nPKC-mu, protein kinase C mu type, protein kinase C, mu, protein kinase D
Species: mouse
Products:     Prkd1

Top Publications

  1. Van Lint J, Sinnett Smith J, Rozengurt E. Expression and characterization of PKD, a phorbol ester and diacylglycerol-stimulated serine protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:1455-61 pubmed
    A novel protein kinase (named PKD) with an NH2-terminal region containing two cysteine-rich motifs has been expressed in COS-7 cells and identified as a receptor for phorbol esters...
  2. Jadali A, Ghazizadeh S. Protein kinase D is implicated in the reversible commitment to differentiation in primary cultures of mouse keratinocytes. J Biol Chem. 2010;285:23387-97 pubmed publisher
    ..These responses were inhibited by Goedecke 6976, an inhibitor of protein kinase D (PKD) and PKCalpha, but not with GF109203X, a general inhibitor of PKCs, suggesting PKD activation by a PKC-..
  3. Sumara G, Formentini I, Collins S, Sumara I, Windak R, Bodenmiller B, et al. Regulation of PKD by the MAPK p38delta in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Cell. 2009;136:235-48 pubmed publisher
    ..Deletion of p38delta results in pronounced activation of protein kinase D (PKD), the latter of which we have identified as a pivotal regulator of stimulated insulin exocytosis...
  4. Park J, Kim Y, Yi A. Protein kinase D1 is essential for MyD88-dependent TLR signaling pathway. J Immunol. 2009;182:6316-27 pubmed publisher
    Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) has been shown to be involved in certain MAPK activation and cytokine expression by several TLR ligands...
  5. Ernest Dodd M, Ristich V, Ray S, Lober R, Bollag W. Regulation of protein kinase D during differentiation and proliferation of primary mouse keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;125:294-306 pubmed
    ..b>Protein kinase D (PKD), a serine/threonine kinase, is expressed in proliferating keratinocytes, and PKD activation occurs in ..
  6. Park J, Kim Y, Yi A. Protein kinase D1: a new component in TLR9 signaling. J Immunol. 2008;181:2044-55 pubmed
    Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) is expressed ubiquitously and regulates diverse cellular processes such as oxidative stress, gene expression, cell survival, and vesicle trafficking...
  7. Fielitz J, Kim M, Shelton J, Qi X, Hill J, Richardson J, et al. Requirement of protein kinase D1 for pathological cardiac remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:3059-63 pubmed publisher
    ..b>Protein kinase D (PKD) is a stress-responsive kinase that phosphorylates class II HDACs, resulting in their dissociation from ..
  8. Cuello F, Bardswell S, Haworth R, Yin X, Lutz S, Wieland T, et al. Protein kinase D selectively targets cardiac troponin I and regulates myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity in ventricular myocytes. Circ Res. 2007;100:864-73 pubmed
    b>Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine kinase with emerging myocardial functions; in skinned adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs), recombinant PKD catalytic domain phosphorylates cardiac troponin I at Ser22/Ser23 and reduces ..
  9. Liljedahl M, Maeda Y, Colanzi A, Ayala I, van Lint J, Malhotra V. Protein kinase D regulates the fission of cell surface destined transport carriers from the trans-Golgi network. Cell. 2001;104:409-20 pubmed
    When a kinase inactive form of Protein Kinase D (PKD-K618N) was expressed in HeLa cells, it localized to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and caused extensive tubulation...

More Information

Publications80

  1. Oster H, Abraham D, Leitges M. Expression of the protein kinase D (PKD) family during mouse embryogenesis. Gene Expr Patterns. 2006;6:400-8 pubmed
    The serine/threonine protein kinase D (PKD) family comprises of three members, PKD1 (PKCmu), PKD2 and PKD3 (PKCnu). Like the related C-type protein kinases (PKCs), PKDs are activated by diacylglycerol (DAG)...
  2. Matthews S, Rozengurt E, Cantrell D. Characterization of serine 916 as an in vivo autophosphorylation site for protein kinase D/Protein kinase Cmu. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:26543-9 pubmed
    Activation of the serine kinase protein kinase D (PKD)/PKCmicro is controlled by the phosphorylation of two serine residues within its activation loop via a PKC-dependent signaling cascade...
  3. Woods A, White D, Caswell P, Norman J. PKD1/PKCmu promotes alphavbeta3 integrin recycling and delivery to nascent focal adhesions. EMBO J. 2004;23:2531-43 pubmed
    ..Primaquine strongly promoted association of alphavbeta3 integrin with PKD1, and fluorescence microscopy indicated that integrin and PKD1 associate at a vesicular compartment that is ..
  4. Spitaler M, Emslie E, Wood C, Cantrell D. Diacylglycerol and protein kinase D localization during T lymphocyte activation. Immunity. 2006;24:535-46 pubmed
    The serine kinase protein kinase D (PKD) has a cysteine-rich domain (CRD) that binds diacylglycerol (DAG) with high affinity...
  5. Bardswell S, Cuello F, Rowland A, Sadayappan S, Robbins J, Gautel M, et al. Distinct sarcomeric substrates are responsible for protein kinase D-mediated regulation of cardiac myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and cross-bridge cycling. J Biol Chem. 2010;285:5674-82 pubmed publisher
    b>Protein kinase D (PKD), a serine/threonine kinase with emerging cardiovascular functions, phosphorylates cardiac troponin I (cTnI) at Ser(22)/Ser(23), reduces myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity, and accelerates cross-bridge cycle kinetics...
  6. Liou G, Döppler H, DelGiorno K, Zhang L, Leitges M, Crawford H, et al. Mutant KRas-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Acinar Cells Upregulates EGFR Signaling to Drive Formation of Pancreatic Precancerous Lesions. Cell Rep. 2016;14:2325-36 pubmed publisher
    ..Hence, our data provide insight into how oncogenic KRas interacts with growth factor signaling to induce the formation of pancreatic cancer. ..
  7. Chen S, Hu C, Liao Y, Zhao W. L1 modulates PKD1 phosphorylation in cerebellar granule neurons. Neurosci Lett. 2015;584:331-6 pubmed publisher
    ..Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) serves as a key kinase given its diverse array of functions within the cell...
  8. Sharma A, Nguyen H, Geng C, Hinman M, Luo G, Lou H. Calcium-mediated histone modifications regulate alternative splicing in cardiomyocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:E4920-8 pubmed publisher
    ..These studies reveal a mechanism by which calcium-level changes in cardiomyocytes impact on the output of gene expression through altering alternative pre-mRNA splicing patterns. ..
  9. Shimamura M, Nakahara M, Orim F, Kurashige T, Mitsutake N, Nakashima M, et al. Postnatal expression of BRAFV600E does not induce thyroid cancer in mouse models of thyroid papillary carcinoma. Endocrinology. 2013;154:4423-30 pubmed publisher
    ..These results suggest that BRAF(V600E) does not appear to induce PTC-like lesions when expressed in a fraction of thyroid cells postnatally under normal TSH concentrations. ..
  10. Bastea L, Döppler H, Balogun B, Storz P. Protein kinase D1 maintains the epithelial phenotype by inducing a DNA-bound, inactive SNAI1 transcriptional repressor complex. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e30459 pubmed publisher
    ..Here we show that PKD1 in normal murine mammary gland (NMuMG) epithelial cells is constitutively-active in its basal state and prevents a ..
  11. McEneaney V, Dooley R, Harvey B, Thomas W. Protein kinase D stabilizes aldosterone-induced ERK1/2 MAP kinase activation in M1 renal cortical collecting duct cells to promote cell proliferation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010;118:18-28 pubmed publisher
    ..Aldosterone promoted the proliferative growth of M1-CCD cells, an effect that was protein kinase D1 (PKD1), PKCdelta and ERK1/2-dependent...
  12. Dirkx E, Schwenk R, Coumans W, Hoebers N, Angin Y, Viollet B, et al. Protein kinase D1 is essential for contraction-induced glucose uptake but is not involved in fatty acid uptake into cardiomyocytes. J Biol Chem. 2012;287:5871-81 pubmed publisher
    ..contraction activates the signaling enzymes AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protein kinase D1 (PKD1)...
  13. Bencsik N, Szíber Z, Liliom H, Tárnok K, Borbély S, Gulyás M, et al. Protein kinase D promotes plasticity-induced F-actin stabilization in dendritic spines and regulates memory formation. J Cell Biol. 2015;210:771-83 pubmed publisher
    ..In nonneuronal cells, protein kinase D (PKD) has an important role in stabilizing F-actin via multiple molecular pathways...
  14. Fernandez A, Hernandez Garzon E, Pérez Domper P, Pérez Alvarez A, Mederos S, Matsui T, et al. Insulin Regulates Astrocytic Glucose Handling Through Cooperation With IGF-I. Diabetes. 2017;66:64-74 pubmed publisher
    ..that the combined action of IGF-I and insulin synergistically stimulates a mitogen-activated protein kinase/protein kinase D pathway resulting in translocation of GLUT1 to the cell membrane through multiple protein-protein ..
  15. Arun S, Kaddour Djebbar I, Shapiro B, Bollag W. Ultraviolet B irradiation and activation of protein kinase D in primary mouse epidermal keratinocytes. Oncogene. 2011;30:1586-96 pubmed publisher
    Our previous studies demonstrated that protein kinase D (PKD), a serine/threonine kinase implicated in various cell processes, is upregulated in basal cell carcinoma (BCC), supporting a possible tumorigenic role for PKD in skin...
  16. Avkiran M, Rowland A, Cuello F, Haworth R. Protein kinase d in the cardiovascular system: emerging roles in health and disease. Circ Res. 2008;102:157-63 pubmed publisher
    The protein kinase D (PKD) family is a recent addition to the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase group of serine/threonine kinases, within the protein kinase complement of the mammalian genome...
  17. Nichols C, Chang C, Ferrero M, Wood B, Stein M, Ferguson A, et al. ?-adrenergic signaling inhibits Gq-dependent protein kinase D activation by preventing protein kinase D translocation. Circ Res. 2014;114:1398-409 pubmed publisher
    ..How these stimuli interact at the level of protein kinase D (PKD), a nodal point in cardiac hypertrophic signaling, remains unclear...
  18. Kalyani R, Lee J, Min H, Yoon H, Kim M. Genes Frequently Coexpressed with Hoxc8 Provide Insight into the Discovery of Target Genes. Mol Cells. 2016;39:395-402 pubmed publisher
    ..We randomly selected Adam19, Ptpn13, Prkd1, Tgfbi, and Aldh1a3, and validated their coexpression in mouse embryonic tissues and cell lines following TGF-?2 ..
  19. Dirkx E, van Eys G, Schwenk R, Steinbusch L, Hoebers N, Coumans W, et al. Protein kinase-D1 overexpression prevents lipid-induced cardiac insulin resistance. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2014;76:208-17 pubmed publisher
    ..Protein kinase-D1 (PKD1) is involved in contraction-induced glucose, but not LCFA, uptake allowing to hypothesize that this kinase is an ..
  20. Choudhary V, Olala L, Kaddour Djebbar I, Helwa I, Bollag W. Protein kinase D1 deficiency promotes differentiation in epidermal keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci. 2014;76:186-95 pubmed publisher
    b>Protein kinase D (PKD or PKD1) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that has been shown to play a role in a variety of cellular processes; however, the function of PKD1 in the skin has not been fully investigated...
  21. Aicart Ramos C, Sánchez Ruiloba L, Gómez Parrizas M, Zaragoza C, Iglesias T, Rodríguez Crespo I. Protein kinase D activity controls endothelial nitric oxide synthesis. J Cell Sci. 2014;127:3360-72 pubmed publisher
    ..One of the effector kinases that become activated in endothelial cells upon VEGF treatment is protein kinase D (PKD)...
  22. Sinnett Smith J, Ni Y, Wang J, Ming M, Young S, Rozengurt E. Protein kinase D1 mediates class IIa histone deacetylase phosphorylation and nuclear extrusion in intestinal epithelial cells: role in mitogenic signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2014;306:C961-71 pubmed publisher
    ..whether class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a role in mitogenic signaling mediated by protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in IEC-18 intestinal epithelial cells...
  23. McEneaney V, Dooley R, Yusef Y, Keating N, Quinn U, Harvey B, et al. Protein kinase D1 modulates aldosterone-induced ENaC activity in a renal cortical collecting duct cell line. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010;325:8-17 pubmed publisher
    ..b>PKD1-suppressed cells constitutively expressed ENaCalpha at low abundance, with no increase after aldosterone treatment...
  24. Ford J, Yeh L, Schmidgal E, Thompson J, Adamo M, Lee J. Protein kinase D1 is essential for bone acquisition during pubertal growth. Endocrinology. 2013;154:4182-91 pubmed publisher
    ..b>Protein kinase D (PKD) is a member of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase superfamily of serine/threonine kinases and has ..
  25. Osada S, Mizuno K, Saido T, Akita Y, Suzuki K, Kuroki T, et al. A phorbol ester receptor/protein kinase, nPKC eta, a new member of the protein kinase C family predominantly expressed in lung and skin. J Biol Chem. 1990;265:22434-40 pubmed
    ..These results clearly demonstrate the existence and the possible importance of nPKC eta as a member of the phorbol ester receptor/protein kinase, PKC, family. ..
  26. Sinnett Smith J, Rozengurt N, Kui R, Huang C, Rozengurt E. Protein kinase D1 mediates stimulation of DNA synthesis and proliferation in intestinal epithelial IEC-18 cells and in mouse intestinal crypts. J Biol Chem. 2011;286:511-20 pubmed publisher
    We examined whether protein kinase D1 (PKD1), the founding member of a new protein kinase family, plays a critical role in intestinal epithelial cell proliferation...
  27. Sroka R, Van Lint J, Katz S, Schneider M, Kleger A, Paschke S, et al. Cortactin is a scaffolding platform for the E-cadherin adhesion complex and is regulated by protein kinase D1 phosphorylation. J Cell Sci. 2016;129:2416-29 pubmed publisher
    ..modification of cortactin, RhoA-induced phosphorylation by protein kinase D1 (PKD1; also known as PRKD1) at S298, impairs adherens junction assembly and supports their dissolution...
  28. Christoforides C, Rainero E, Brown K, Norman J, Toker A. PKD controls ?v?3 integrin recycling and tumor cell invasive migration through its substrate Rabaptin-5. Dev Cell. 2012;23:560-72 pubmed publisher
    Integrin recycling is critical for cell migration. Protein kinase D (PKD) mediates signals from the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) to control ?v?3 integrin recycling...
  29. Traves P, Pimentel Santillana M, Carrasquero L, Pérez Sen R, Delicado E, Luque A, et al. Selective impairment of P2Y signaling by prostaglandin E2 in macrophages: implications for Ca2+-dependent responses. J Immunol. 2013;190:4226-35 pubmed publisher
    ..The inhibition of P2Y responses by PGE2 involves the activation of nPKCs (PKC?) and PKD that can be abrogated by selective inhibitors or by expression of dominant-negative forms of PKD...
  30. Young S, Rozengurt N, Sinnett Smith J, Rozengurt E. Rapid protein kinase D1 signaling promotes migration of intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2012;303:G356-66 pubmed publisher
    We have examined the role of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) signaling in intestinal epithelial cell migration...
  31. Johnson K, Nicodemus Johnson J, Spindler M, Carnegie G. Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis Shows AKAP13-Mediated PKD1 Signaling Regulates the Transcriptional Response to Cardiac Hypertrophy. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0132474 pubmed publisher
    ..in normal cellular function by serving as a signaling hub for multiple protein kinases including protein kinase D1 (PKD1)...
  32. Pauken C, Capco D. The expression and stage-specific localization of protein kinase C isotypes during mouse preimplantation development. Dev Biol. 2000;223:411-21 pubmed
    ..Two isotypes have a stage-dependent nuclear localization. In addition, within each blastomere PKC isotypes occupy different subcellular locations in a stage-dependent fashion. ..
  33. Newton R, Leverrier S, Srikanth S, Gwack Y, Cahalan M, Walsh C. Protein kinase D orchestrates the activation of DRAK2 in response to TCR-induced Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial reactive oxygen generation. J Immunol. 2011;186:940-50 pubmed publisher
    ..Blockade of DRAK2 activity with the protein kinase D (PKD) inhibitor Gö6976 or expression of a kinase-dead PKD mutant prevented activation of DRAK2, whereas a ..
  34. Kim Y, Park J, Kwon K, Hong C, Yi A. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2- and protein kinase D1-dependent regulation of IRAK-monocyte expression by CpG DNA. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e43970 pubmed publisher
    ..or gene-specific knockdown of signaling modulators in the TLR9 pathway demonstrated that IRAK4, IRAK1, IRAK2, and PKD1 are required for Irak-m transcription induced by CpG DNA...
  35. Rey O, Reeve J, Zhukova E, Sinnett Smith J, Rozengurt E. G protein-coupled receptor-mediated phosphorylation of the activation loop of protein kinase D: dependence on plasma membrane translocation and protein kinase Cepsilon. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:34361-72 pubmed
    b>Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine protein kinase activated by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists through an incompletely characterized mechanism that includes its reversible plasma membrane translocation and activation ..
  36. Kondo M, Ugi S, Morino K, Fuke T, Obata T, Yoshizaki T, et al. Postprandial activation of protein kinase Cµ regulates the expression of adipocytokines via the transcription factor AP-2?. Int J Mol Med. 2011;28:95-100 pubmed publisher
    ..Finally, PKCµ could not activate a mutant MCP-1 promoter lacking the AP-2? binding domain. Our results suggest that postprandial activation of PKCµ plays a role in disordered postprandial adipocytokine expression through AP-2?. ..
  37. Kim M, Fielitz J, McAnally J, Shelton J, Lemon D, McKinsey T, et al. Protein kinase D1 stimulates MEF2 activity in skeletal muscle and enhances muscle performance. Mol Cell Biol. 2008;28:3600-9 pubmed publisher
    ..Here we demonstrate that protein kinase D1 (PKD1), a highly effective class II HDAC kinase, is predominantly expressed in type I myofibers and, when misexpressed in ..
  38. Raphael K, Strait K, Stricklett P, Miller R, Nelson R, Piontek K, et al. Inactivation of Pkd1 in principal cells causes a more severe cystic kidney disease than in intercalated cells. Kidney Int. 2009;75:626-33 pubmed publisher
    ..To determine this, we crossed mice containing loxP sites within introns 1 and 4 of the Pkd1 gene with transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase under control of the aquaporin-2 promoter or the B1 subunit of ..
  39. Xie L, O Reilly C, Chapes S, Mora S. Adiponectin and leptin are secreted through distinct trafficking pathways in adipocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008;1782:99-108 pubmed publisher
    ..Taken together, these results suggest that leptin and adiponectin secretion involve distinct intracellular compartments and that endosomal compartments are required for adiponectin but not for leptin secretion. ..
  40. Kim Y, Park J, Brand D, Fitzpatrick E, Yi A. Protein kinase D1 is essential for the proinflammatory response induced by hypersensitivity pneumonitis-causing thermophilic actinomycetes Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula. J Immunol. 2010;184:3145-56 pubmed publisher
    ..In the current study, we found that S. rectivirgula induces the activation of protein kinase D (PKD)1 in lung cells in vitro and in vivo. Activation of PKD1 by S. rectivirgula was dependent on MyD88...
  41. Liou G, Döppler H, Braun U, Panayiotou R, Scotti Buzhardt M, Radisky D, et al. Protein kinase D1 drives pancreatic acinar cell reprogramming and progression to intraepithelial neoplasia. Nat Commun. 2015;6:6200 pubmed publisher
    ..Here, using a conditional knockout approach, we show that protein kinase D1 (PKD1) is sufficient to drive the reprogramming process to a ductal phenotype and progression to PanINs...
  42. Azadi S, Paquet Durand F, Medstrand P, van Veen T, Ekstrom P. Up-regulation and increased phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) delta, mu and theta in the degenerating rd1 mouse retina. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2006;31:759-73 pubmed
    ..Our results suggest that these PKC isoforms are involved in rd1 degeneration. ..
  43. Medeiros R, Dickey D, Chung H, Quale A, Nagarajan L, Billadeau D, et al. Protein kinase D1 and the beta 1 integrin cytoplasmic domain control beta 1 integrin function via regulation of Rap1 activation. Immunity. 2005;23:213-26 pubmed
    ..We report a novel function for the PKC effector protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in integrin activation...
  44. Kobayashi M, Suzuki M, Ohno T, Tsuzuki K, Taguchi C, Tateishi S, et al. Detection of differentially expressed candidate genes for a fatty liver QTL on mouse chromosome 12. BMC Genet. 2016;17:73 pubmed publisher
    ..The mRNA levels of three genes (Iah1, Rrm2, Prkd1) in the chromosomal region of Fl1sa were significantly different between the strains...
  45. Eiseler T, Schmid M, Topbas F, Pfizenmaier K, Hausser A. PKD is recruited to sites of actin remodelling at the leading edge and negatively regulates cell migration. FEBS Lett. 2007;581:4279-87 pubmed
    b>Protein kinase D (PKD) has been implicated in the regulation of cell shape, adhesion, and migration. At the leading edge of migrating cells active PKD co-localizes with F-actin, Arp3 and cortactin...
  46. Luiken J, Vertommen D, Coort S, Habets D, El Hasnaoui M, Pelsers M, et al. Identification of protein kinase D as a novel contraction-activated kinase linked to GLUT4-mediated glucose uptake, independent of AMPK. Cell Signal. 2008;20:543-56 pubmed publisher
    ..We examined whether the diacylglycerol-sensitive protein kinase D (PKD; also known as novel PKC isoform mu) is also involved in the regulation of glucose uptake in the ..
  47. Kong K, Butcher A, McWilliams P, Jones D, Wess J, Hamdan F, et al. M3-muscarinic receptor promotes insulin release via receptor phosphorylation/arrestin-dependent activation of protein kinase D1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:21181-6 pubmed publisher
  48. Zhang Z, Meszaros G, He W, Xu Y, de Fatima Magliarelli H, Mailly L, et al. Protein kinase D at the Golgi controls NLRP3 inflammasome activation. J Exp Med. 2017;214:2671-2693 pubmed publisher
    ..Diacylglycerol (DAG) at the Golgi rapidly increases, recruiting protein kinase D (PKD), a key effector of DAG...
  49. Ittner A, Block H, Reichel C, Varjosalo M, Gehart H, Sumara G, et al. Regulation of PTEN activity by p38?-PKD1 signaling in neutrophils confers inflammatory responses in the lung. J Exp Med. 2012;209:2229-46 pubmed publisher
    ..p38? counteracts the activity of its downstream target protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in neutrophils and myeloid-restricted inactivation of PKD1 leads to exacerbated lung inflammation...
  50. Atik N, Kunii M, Avriyanti E, Furumoto N, Inami K, Yoshimura S, et al. The role of PKD in cell polarity, biosynthetic pathways, and organelle/F-actin distribution. Cell Struct Funct. 2014;39:61-77 pubmed
    b>Protein Kinase D (PKD) 1, 2, and 3 are members of the PKD family...
  51. Czöndör K, Ellwanger K, Fuchs Y, Lutz S, Gulyás M, Mansuy I, et al. Protein kinase D controls the integrity of Golgi apparatus and the maintenance of dendritic arborization in hippocampal neurons. Mol Biol Cell. 2009;20:2108-20 pubmed publisher
    b>Protein kinase D (PKD) is known to participate in various cellular functions, including secretory vesicle fission from the Golgi and plasma membrane-directed transport...
  52. Iwamoto N, Yokoyama S. Protein kinase D regulates the adiponectin gene expression through phosphorylation of AP-2: a common pathway to the ABCA1 gene regulation. Atherosclerosis. 2011;216:90-6 pubmed publisher
    ..We therefore investigated the involvement of PKD in regulation of the adiponectin gene expression...
  53. Avriyanti E, Atik N, Kunii M, Furumoto N, Iwano T, Yoshimura S, et al. Functional redundancy of protein kinase D1 and protein kinase D2 in neuronal polarity. Neurosci Res. 2015;95:12-20 pubmed publisher
    Mammalian protein kinase D (PKD) isoforms have been proposed to regulate diverse biological processes, including the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity...
  54. Bergeron V, Ghislain J, Vivot K, Tamarina N, Philipson L, Fielitz J, et al. Deletion of Protein Kinase D1 in Pancreatic β-Cells Impairs Insulin Secretion in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Diabetes. 2018;67:71-77 pubmed publisher
    ..Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) integrates diverse signals in the β-cell and plays a critical role in the control of insulin secretion...
  55. Hall J, Ribich S, Christoffolete M, Simovic G, Correa Medina M, Patti M, et al. Absence of thyroid hormone activation during development underlies a permanent defect in adaptive thermogenesis. Endocrinology. 2010;151:4573-82 pubmed publisher
    ..This discovery highlights the importance of deiodinase-controlled thyroid hormone signaling in BAT development, where it has important metabolic repercussions for energy homeostasis in adulthood. ..
  56. Ferdaoussi M, Bergeron V, Zarrouki B, Kolic J, Cantley J, Fielitz J, et al. G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)40-dependent potentiation of insulin secretion in mouse islets is mediated by protein kinase D1. Diabetologia. 2012;55:2682-2692 pubmed publisher
    ..Pharmacological and molecular approaches were used to ascertain the roles of protein kinase D (PKD) and protein kinase C delta in GPR40-mediated potentiation of GSIS...
  57. Valverde A, Sinnett Smith J, van Lint J, Rozengurt E. Molecular cloning and characterization of protein kinase D: a target for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters with a distinctive catalytic domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91:8572-6 pubmed
    A serine/threonine protein kinase that binds phorbol esters and diacylglycerol (named protein kinase D, PKD) has been identified...
  58. Xiang S, Ouyang K, Yung B, Miyamoto S, Smrcka A, Chen J, et al. PLCε, PKD1, and SSH1L transduce RhoA signaling to protect mitochondria from oxidative stress in the heart. Sci Signal. 2013;6:ra108 pubmed publisher
    ..through RhoA and phospholipase Cε (PLCε) to increase the phosphorylation and activation of protein kinase D1 (PKD1)...
  59. Mazzeo C, Calvo V, Alonso R, Mérida I, Izquierdo M. Protein kinase D1/2 is involved in the maturation of multivesicular bodies and secretion of exosomes in T and B lymphocytes. Cell Death Differ. 2016;23:99-109 pubmed publisher
    ..Here we identify protein kinase D (PKD) family members as DAG effectors involved in MVB genesis and secretion...
  60. Matthews S, Navarro M, Sinclair L, Emslie E, Feijoo Carnero C, Cantrell D. Unique functions for protein kinase D1 and protein kinase D2 in mammalian cells. Biochem J. 2010;432:153-63 pubmed publisher
    Mammalian PKD (protein kinase D) isoforms have been implicated in the regulation of diverse biological processes in response to diacylglycerol and PKC (protein kinase C) signalling...
  61. Jensen E, Gopalakrishnan R, Westendorf J. Bone morphogenic protein 2 activates protein kinase D to regulate histone deacetylase 7 localization and repression of Runx2. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:2225-34 pubmed publisher
    ..The protein kinase D (PKD) inhibitor Gö6976 blocked both basal and BMP2-directed HDAC7 nuclear export...
  62. Rashel M, Alston N, Ghazizadeh S. Protein kinase D1 has a key role in wound healing and skin carcinogenesis. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134:902-909 pubmed publisher
    b>Protein kinase D (PKD) is a family of stress-responsive serine/threonine kinases implicated in the regulation of diverse cellular functions including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell motility...
  63. Upadhyay K, Park J, Yoon T, Halder P, Kim Y, Metcalfe V, et al. Group B Streptococci Induce Proinflammatory Responses via a Protein Kinase D1-Dependent Pathway. J Immunol. 2017;198:4448-4457 pubmed publisher
    ..In the present study, we investigated the role of protein kinase D (PKD)1 in the proinflammatory responses to GBS...
  64. Li Y, Lee K, Ou X, Lam K. Bruton's tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C µ are required for TLR7/9-induced IKKα and IRF-1 activation and interferon-β production in conventional dendritic cells. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e105420 pubmed publisher
    ..Taken together, we have uncovered two new molecules, BTK and PKCµ, that are involved in TLR7/9-triggered IFN-β production in cDC. ..
  65. White D, Caswell P, Norman J. alpha v beta3 and alpha5beta1 integrin recycling pathways dictate downstream Rho kinase signaling to regulate persistent cell migration. J Cell Biol. 2007;177:515-25 pubmed
    ..We show that autophosphorylation of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) at Ser(916) is necessary for its association with alphavbeta3 integrin...
  66. Ren B, Best B, Ramakrishnan D, Walcott B, Storz P, Silverstein R. LPA/PKD-1-FoxO1 Signaling Axis Mediates Endothelial Cell CD36 Transcriptional Repression and Proangiogenic and Proarteriogenic Reprogramming. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2016;36:1197-208 pubmed publisher
    ..thrombospondin type 1 homology domains by downregulating endothelial CD36 transcription via protein kinase D1 (PKD-1) signaling...
  67. Vigorito E, Kovesdi D, Turner M. Synergistic activation of PKD by the B cell antigen receptor and CD19 requires PI3K, Vav1 and PLCgamma. Cell Signal. 2006;18:1455-60 pubmed
    ..We now show that protein kinase D (also known as PKCmu) is also a point of convergence of these signalling pathways...
  68. Ay M, Jin H, Harischandra D, Asaithambi A, Kanthasamy A, Anantharam V, et al. Molecular cloning, epigenetic regulation, and functional characterization of Prkd1 gene promoter in dopaminergic cell culture models of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem. 2015;135:402-15 pubmed publisher
    ..To investigate the molecular mechanism of Prkd1 gene expression, we cloned the 5'-flanking region (1620-bp) of the mouse Prkd1 gene...
  69. Passalacqua M, Patrone M, Sparatore B, Melloni E, Pontremoli S. Protein kinase C-theta is specifically localized on centrosomes and kinetochores in mitotic cells. Biochem J. 1999;337 ( Pt 1):113-8 pubmed
    ..We propose that, unlike other members of the PKC family, PKC-straight theta may play a role in cell proliferation. ..
  70. Krueger D, Osterweil E, Bear M. Activation of mGluR5 induces rapid and long-lasting protein kinase D phosphorylation in hippocampal neurons. J Mol Neurosci. 2010;42:1-8 pubmed publisher
    ..Here, we report that stimulation of mGluR5 in hippocampal cultures and slices results in phosphorylation of protein kinase D (PKD) at the autophosphorylation site Ser-916...
  71. Parra M, Kasler H, McKinsey T, Olson E, Verdin E. Protein kinase D1 phosphorylates HDAC7 and induces its nuclear export after T-cell receptor activation. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:13762-70 pubmed
    ..Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) was activated after TCR engagement, interacted with HDAC7, and phosphorylated three serines (Ser155, Ser318, and ..