Hras1

..Here we show that during multistage tumorigenesis, discrete expression thresholds of activated Smad2 and H-ras are sequentially surpassed, driving tumour progression through distinct phases from a differentiated squamous ..

Although Ras is a potent oncogene, its tumorigenicity depends on cellular context and cooperative events...

Initiation of tumorigenesis in mouse skin can be accomplished by mutagenesis of the H-ras gene by treatment with chemical carcinogens...

..with 42 tightly linked markers, including intragenic polymorphisms in five genes (Bcat1, Lrmp, Las1, Ghiso, and Kras2) and amino-acid changes in three genes (Lrmp, Las1, Lmna-rs1)...

..Western blotting indicates that despite high sequence conservation in human and mouse, the TARBP2 protein differs in apparent size in primate and rodent cells...

Subcellular localization influences the nature of Ras/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signals by unknown mechanisms...

The proto-oncogene ras plays a critical role in cell proliferation and differentiation. However, ras genes are abundantly expressed in the adult CNS, although neuronal cells normally do not proliferate...

..A large body of evidence indicates that in this model, activation of Ha-ras is the critical event in papilloma formation, a process that involves epidermal proliferation and stroma remodeling,..

In an attempt to elucidate the physiological function(s) of the Ras-related Rap proteins, we used the yeast two-hybrid system and isolated a cDNA encoding a protein that interacts with both Rap1 and Rap2, but not with Ras; the use of ..

To clarify the role of the H-Ras in vivo, we generated H-ras null mutant mice by gene targeting. In spite of the importance of the Ras in cell proliferation and differentiation, H-ras null mutant mice grew normally and were fertile...

..Together, our results show that GluR1 phosphorylation at T840 is regulated by NMDA receptor activation and suggest that decreases in GluR1 phosphorylation at T840 may have a role in LTD...

..TGF-beta and Ras signaling pathways are closely related: TGF-beta1 overcomes Ras mitogenic effects and Ras counteracts TGF-beta ..

Although Raf-1 is a critical effector of Ras signaling and transformation, the mechanism by which Ras promotes Raf-1 activation is complex and remains poorly understood...

Mammalian ras genes are thought to be critical in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation and are mutated in approximately 30% of all human tumors. However, N-ras and H-ras are nonessential for mouse development...

..the two metabolically formed bay-region diol epoxides of DMBA, and we have also analyzed mutations in the H-ras gene from tumors induced by these compounds...

Mammalian cells harbor three highly homologous and widely expressed members of the ras family (H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras), but it remains unclear whether they play specific or overlapping cellular roles...

..patient and maintained in nude mice has been cloned in its biologically active form and identified as the c-Ha-ras-1 gene, a homologue of the viral Ha-ras gene...

The Ras family of GTP-binding proteins are key transducers of extracellular signals, particularly through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway...

..hybrids that segregate rat chromosomes were used to determine the chromosomal localization of rat cellular RAS genes...

b>Ras proteins mediate the proliferative effects of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), but the role of Rap proteins in GPCR signaling is unclear...

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a critical role in ureteric bud (UB) and kidney morphogenesis...

..FAK phosphorylation at tyrosine 861 was increased in both constitutively H-Ras-transformed and H-Ras-inducible NIH3T3 cells, in parallel with cell transformation...

..In the present study, we evaluated the protein expression of p53 and PCNA and DNA mutations of p53 and H-ras genes in both hyperplastic and neoplastic squamous cell lesions from the NTP study...

Survivin expression and Ras activation are regulated by hematopoietic growth factors...

..P-PATs) showed substrate specificity, as they did not all enhance palmitoylation of Lck, SNAP-25b, Galpha(s), or H-Ras in cultured cells...

..enrichment and clustering of MATH1-binding E-boxes only in a subset of differentially expressed genes (Nr2f6, Hras1, and Hes5) in both mouse and man...

Although ras is a potent mitogenic oncogene, its tumorigenicity depends on cellular context and cooperative events...

K-Ras-induced lung cancer is a very common disease, for which there are currently no effective therapies...

..Developmental abnormalities of neuronal process formation may contribute to the neurocognitive deficits found in SLOS and may represent a potential target for therapeutic intervention...

..RGS14 contains tandem Ras-binding domains that have been reported to bind to Rap- but not Ras GTPases in vitro, leading to the suggestion ..

Cross-linked B cell receptor (BCR) aggregates on the cell surface, then assembles into the "cap" where Ras is co-localized, and transduces various intracellular signals including Ras-ERK activation...

..Here we report that oncogenic activation of H-Ras in murine keratinocytes can prevent cell death induced by immunological disruption of E-cadherin adhesion...

Overexpression of the Ha-ras(val12) oncogene has frequently been detected in primary and metastatic carcinomas. NM23 is a metastasis inhibition factor and plays a suppressive role in metastasis in many types of cancer...

Costello syndrome (CS) is a rare congenital disorder caused by germline activation of H-Ras oncogenes...

..Conditional activation of HRas1(Q61L) in ES cells in vitro induces the trophectoderm marker Cdx2 and enables derivation of trophoblast stem (TS) ..

Germline activation of H-RAS oncogenes is the primary cause of Costello syndrome (CS), a neuro-cardio-facio-cutaneous developmental syndrome...

..A yeast two-hybrid assay revealed a p204-cytoplasmic Ras protein interaction...

..Here, we report that a brain-specific Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RasGEF) carrying two kinase non-catalytic C-lobe domains (KINDs), very-KIND (v-..

The ERF transcriptional repressor is a downstream effector of the RAS/ERK pathway that interacts with and is directly phosphorylated by ERKs in vivo and in vitro...

..Deregulation of bcl-2 and ras family members is commonly observed in NMSC...

..Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Rous sarcoma kinase (RAS), an upstream regulator of both ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs, inhibited stretch-induced ERK1/2 activation, but not ..

..Notably, knockdown of p66(Shc) in normal epithelial cells leads to unrestrained Ras activation, preventing anoikis through downstream suppression of RhoA but blocking proliferation in a pRB-dependent ..

Activation of the p21-ras signaling pathway from aberrantly expressed receptors promotes the growth of malignant human astrocytomas...

..the oncogenes of Rous sarcoma virus (v-src), avian myeloblastosis virus (v-myb), Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (v-Ki-ras), and Harvey murine sarcoma virus (v-Ha-ras) were hybridized to the DNA from mouse-Chinese hamster somatic cell ..

The small GTP-binding protein Ras is pivotal in transmitting growth and differentiation signals downstream of cell surface receptors...

..Due to sequence similarity and predominant expression in the stomach, the MGM gene may be considered a MUC5AC homologue and named Muc5ac...

..The cardiac troponin I locus (Tnni3) also mapped to Chr 7, approximately 5-10 cM from the centromere and unlinked to the fast skeletal muscle troponin I locus. Thus, the troponin I gene family is dispersed in the mouse genome...

..4----p15.5. The mouse Rrml locus was assigned to chromosome 7, where it forms part of a conserved syntenic group of at least seven other genes assigned to human chromosome band 11p15...

..Both isoforms have been suggested to arise from a single gene through the use of alternative promoters and 5' exons. The identification of a single PTP epsilon locus in both organisms is consistent with this suggestion...

..The Gabrb-1, Gabra-2 pair of genes on Chr 5 maps near the mouse "circling mutation" pi (pirouette)...

DNA probes for the NRAS, HRAS, KRAS2, LCK, RAF1, MET, MYCL1, MYCN, MYB, ERBB2, FOS, CSF1R, and SRC protooncogene loci; the retinoblastoma gene locus (RB1); the tumor virus integration sites INT2, PVT1, and MLV12; and the locus of the ..

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..The use of transgenic and gene knock-out mice has contributed greatly to knowledge in this area. The H-ras genetic locus has been shown to undergo multiple genetic changes, including mutagenic activation, amplification of ..

..To make a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in recurrence and metastasis of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), some invasion related oncogenes, and growth factors have been investigated...

..of hepatocarcinogenesis were generated by directing the expression of SV40 T-antigens, an oncogenic mutant of c-H-ras, or c-myc to the liver of transgenic mice using the albumin enhancer/promoter...

..AC transgene (consisting of v-Ha-Ras driven by an embryonic zeta-globin promoter) would not ordinarily be expected to develop skin and other adult ..

..the role of a methyl-deficient diet in combination with sodium arsenite on the genomic methylation status and Ha-ras methylation status of C57BL/6J male mice hepatic DNA...

The rasH2 mouse is a hemizygous transgenic mouse carrying the c-Ha-ras oncogene and that gene's promotor/enhancer within the genetic background of a BALB/cByJ x C57BL/6J F1 mouse...

The Tg.AC (v-Ha-ras) transgenic mouse model provides a reporter phenotype of skin papillomas in response to either genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. In common with the conventional bioassay, the Tg...

A transgenic mouse strain with the zeta-globin promoter and the vHa-ras oncogene develops an array of mesenchymal and epithelial neoplasms described here...

The activated human Ha-ras oncogene was subjected to the control of the promoter region of the murine whey acidic protein (Wap) gene, which is expressed in mammary epithelial cells in response to lactogenic hormones...

We characterized a novel protein of the Ras family, p19 (H-RasIDX). The c-H-ras proto-oncogene undergoes alternative splicing of the exon termed IDX...

Activation of Ras into the GTP-binding, 'ON' state is a key switch in the neurotrophin-mediated neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth, in vitro as well as in vivo...

The rat Harvey-ras-1 protooncogene (HRAS) has previously been assigned to rat chromosome 1. In this study we further refine its localization to region 1q41-->q42 through the use of fluorescent in situ hybridization.

..We selected specific cellular oncogenes (c-fos, c-myc, c-src, and c-H-ras), based on their normal expression in liver and gut tissues from untreated mice...

In the present study we show that overexpression of constitutively active Ras amplifies the dendritic remodeling observed when animals were allowed to be physically active...

..tumor phenotype was tested by examining slides from 607 mammary tumors from 407 transgenic mice bearing the ras, myc, and/or neu oncogenes...

b>Ras proteins affect both proliferation and expression of collagen-degrading enzymes, two important processes in cancer progression...

Combined subcarcinogenic doses of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and UVA induced H-ras, but not p53, gene mutations 8 weeks before tumor emergence in SKH-1 mice...

..is a frequent marker on B-lineage cell lines produced from bone marrow infected with retroviruses expressing v-H-ras. Since CD5+ B cells cannot be detected in adult murine bone marrow, either the viral targets of transformation are ..

..the effects of weight loss by increasing physical activity or decreasing calorie intake on tumor promoter-induced Ras-MAPK and PI3K-Akt pathways...

..The six genes are unlinked. Gas-1 maps to Chromosome (Chr) 13, Gas-2 to Chr 7, Gas-3 to Chr 11, Gas-4 to Chr 16, Gas-6 to Chr 8, and Gas-10 to Chr 1...

Activating mutations in v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS) have recently been identified as the molecular cause underlying Costello syndrome (CS)...

..Consistent with the growth arrest and pro-apoptotic roles of ATF3, ATF3(-) fibroblasts upon Ras transformation exhibited higher growth rate, produced more colonies in soft agar, and formed larger tumor upon ..

..Exogenous expression of a dominant-negative form of Ras also decreased GnRH neuronal lamellipodia formation, migration, and Rac activation...

..MIF-KO mice exhibit p53-dependent growth alterations, increased p53 transcriptional activity, and resistance to ras-mediated transformation...

In the present study, susceptibility of CB6F1 mice carrying the human prototype c-Ha-ras gene (rasH2 mice) and p53 gene knockout mice (p53 (+/-) mice) to urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis was compared under the same experimental ..

..activation of multiple signaling pathways in macrophages, it was unclear whether these include activation of the p21Ras GTPases...

The complete 5' flanking region of the murine c-Ha-ras gene was cloned and sequenced. An untranslated exon (-1) was identified and the promoter region of the gene located...

Inbred strains of mice vary in their frequency of liver tumors initiated by a mutation in the Hras1 (H-ras) proto-oncogene. We sequenced 4...

..Downstream mechanisms that define these vascular responses remain unknown. H-Ras activation has been associated with the angiogenic response...

..common genetic disorder caused by mutations in the NF1 locus, which encodes neurofibromin, a negative regulator of Ras. Patients with NF1 develop numerous neurofibromas, which contain many inflammatory mast cells that contribute to ..

The monomeric GTP-binding protein p21Ras has been repeatedly implicated in neuronal stability and plastic changes of the adult nervous system...

..An important component of my program will be my continued participation in a multidisciplinary consortium of pancreatic cancer researchers currently in the process of addressing a series of programmatic initiatives. ..

..cell types, a growth factor binding its receptor will trigger the receptor tyrosine kinase activity which activates Ras, a small GTP-binding protein...

..In the long term, understanding the genetic load which leads to cancer susceptibility in the human population will provide rational alternatives to cancer prevention, screening and risk assessment. ..

..b>Ras is a small GTP-binding protein downstream of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and plays a critical ..

..b>Ras is a small GTP-binding protein downstream of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and plays a critical ..

..In addition, we will determine the effect of stereostructure of 4-HNE-dG at GAGGC sites on repair and mutagenicity. Results from these studies should greatly enhance our understanding of the role of LPO in hepatocarcinogenesis. ..

..In addition, through didactic training, and interactions with his mentor and key faculty, the applicant will acquire new skills that will allow him to become a successful member of the alcohol research community. ..

..The aims below will use gene delivery techniques and knockout mouse technology to address these critical questions related to roles of LPS, PI3 kinase activation, and CD14 expression in both acute ethanol and chronic ethanol toxicity. ..

..b>Ras is a small GTP-binding protein downstream of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and plays a critical ..