vif

Summary

Gene Symbol: vif
Description: p23
Alias: Vif
Species: Human immunodeficiency virus 1

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Fully functional, naturally occurring and C-terminally truncated variant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Vif does not bind to HIV Gag but influences intermediate filament structure
    T Henzler
    Forschungsschwerpunkt Angewandte Tumorvirologie, F0200, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, D 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
    J Gen Virol 82:561-73. 2001
  2. ncbi Production of infectious virus and degradation of APOBEC3G are separable functional properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif
    Sandra Kao
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Viral Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bldg 4, Room 310, 4 Center Drive MSC 0460, Bethesda, MD 20892 0460, USA
    Virology 369:329-39. 2007
  3. ncbi RNA and DNA binding properties of HIV-1 Vif protein: a fluorescence study
    Serena Bernacchi
    Architecture et Reactivite de l ARN, Universite Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, 15 rue Rene Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France
    J Biol Chem 282:26361-8. 2007
  4. ncbi Identification of amino acid residues in APOBEC3G required for regulation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif and Virion encapsidation
    Hendrik Huthoff
    Department of Infectious Diseases, King s College London School of Medicine, 2nd Floor, New Guy s House, Guy s Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
    J Virol 81:3807-15. 2007
  5. ncbi Multifaceted antiviral actions of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases
    Ya Lin Chiu
    Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94141 9100, USA
    Trends Immunol 27:291-7. 2006
  6. ncbi Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif induces cell cycle delay via recruitment of the same E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets APOBEC3 proteins for degradation
    Jason L Dehart
    Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East no 2100, Room 2520, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
    J Virol 82:9265-72. 2008
  7. ncbi A single amino acid in human APOBEC3F alters susceptibility to HIV-1 Vif
    John S Albin
    Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
    J Biol Chem 285:40785-92. 2010
  8. ncbi HIV-1 accessory proteins VPR and Vif modulate antiviral response by targeting IRF-3 for degradation
    Atsushi Okumura
    The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
    Virology 373:85-97. 2008
  9. ncbi The inhibition of assembly of HIV-1 virus-like particles by 3-O-(3',3'-dimethylsuccinyl) betulinic acid (DSB) is counteracted by Vif and requires its Zinc-binding domain
    Sandrina DaFonseca
    Université de Lyon I Claude Bernard, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Laboratoire de Virologie and Pathologie Humaine, CNRS FRE 3011, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
    Virol J 5:162. 2008
  10. ncbi Effect of HIV-1 Vif variability on progression to pediatric AIDS and its association with APOBEC3G and CUL5 polymorphisms
    Federico A De Maio
    Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Retrovirus CONICET, Hospital de Pediatria Juan P Garrahan, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
    Infect Genet Evol 11:1256-62. 2011

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  • Chiara Bovolenta
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  • Rongzhen Xu
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Detail Information

Publications97

  1. ncbi Fully functional, naturally occurring and C-terminally truncated variant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Vif does not bind to HIV Gag but influences intermediate filament structure
    T Henzler
    Forschungsschwerpunkt Angewandte Tumorvirologie, F0200, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, D 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
    J Gen Virol 82:561-73. 2001
    A variant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vif gene, vifA45-2, which encodes a protein lacking 19 amino acids at the C terminus but which is fully functional in supporting HIV replication in non-permissive cells has been ..
  2. ncbi Production of infectious virus and degradation of APOBEC3G are separable functional properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif
    Sandra Kao
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Viral Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bldg 4, Room 310, 4 Center Drive MSC 0460, Bethesda, MD 20892 0460, USA
    Virology 369:329-39. 2007
    HIV-1 Vif regulates viral infectivity by inhibiting the encapsidation of APOBEC3G (APO3G) through proteasomal degradation of the protein...
  3. ncbi RNA and DNA binding properties of HIV-1 Vif protein: a fluorescence study
    Serena Bernacchi
    Architecture et Reactivite de l ARN, Universite Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, 15 rue Rene Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France
    J Biol Chem 282:26361-8. 2007
    The HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) is a small basic protein essential for viral fitness and pathogenicity. Some "non-permissive" cell lines cannot sustain replication of Vif(-) HIV-1 virions...
  4. ncbi Identification of amino acid residues in APOBEC3G required for regulation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif and Virion encapsidation
    Hendrik Huthoff
    Department of Infectious Diseases, King s College London School of Medicine, 2nd Floor, New Guy s House, Guy s Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
    J Virol 81:3807-15. 2007
    The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) accessory protein Vif serves to neutralize the human antiviral proteins apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G [A3G]) and A3F...
  5. ncbi Multifaceted antiviral actions of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases
    Ya Lin Chiu
    Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94141 9100, USA
    Trends Immunol 27:291-7. 2006
    ..Insights into how the action of A3G is circumvented by HIV-1 through the action of its Vif protein, and the surprising mechanisms by which A3G is regulated within the cell, offer exciting new opportunities ..
  6. ncbi Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif induces cell cycle delay via recruitment of the same E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets APOBEC3 proteins for degradation
    Jason L Dehart
    Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East no 2100, Room 2520, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
    J Virol 82:9265-72. 2008
    Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif recruits a Cullin 5 ubiquitin ligase that targets APOBEC3 proteins for degradation. Recently, Vif has also been shown to induce cell cycle disturbance in G(2)...
  7. ncbi A single amino acid in human APOBEC3F alters susceptibility to HIV-1 Vif
    John S Albin
    Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
    J Biol Chem 285:40785-92. 2010
    ..restricts the infectivity of HIV-1 in the absence of the viral accessory protein virion infectivity factor (Vif)...
  8. ncbi HIV-1 accessory proteins VPR and Vif modulate antiviral response by targeting IRF-3 for degradation
    Atsushi Okumura
    The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
    Virology 373:85-97. 2008
    ..we show that the degradation is independent of HIV-1 replication and that virion-associated accessory proteins Vif and Vpr can independently degrade IRF-3...
  9. ncbi The inhibition of assembly of HIV-1 virus-like particles by 3-O-(3',3'-dimethylsuccinyl) betulinic acid (DSB) is counteracted by Vif and requires its Zinc-binding domain
    Sandrina DaFonseca
    Université de Lyon I Claude Bernard, Faculte de Medecine Laennec, Laboratoire de Virologie and Pathologie Humaine, CNRS FRE 3011, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
    Virol J 5:162. 2008
    ....
  10. ncbi Effect of HIV-1 Vif variability on progression to pediatric AIDS and its association with APOBEC3G and CUL5 polymorphisms
    Federico A De Maio
    Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Retrovirus CONICET, Hospital de Pediatria Juan P Garrahan, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
    Infect Genet Evol 11:1256-62. 2011
    ..The virus has the capacity to counteract this antiviral activity through the expression of the Vif accessory protein, which recruits a CUL5-based ubiquitin ligase complex that determines APOBEC3G proteasomal ..
  11. ncbi Vpr14-88-Apobec3G fusion protein is efficiently incorporated into Vif-positive HIV-1 particles and inhibits viral infection
    Zhujun Ao
    Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
    PLoS ONE 3:e1995. 2008
    ..During Vif-negative HIV-1 replication, A3G is incorporated into HIV-1 particles, induces mutations in reverse transcribed ..
  12. ncbi Distinct determinants in HIV-1 Vif and human APOBEC3 proteins are required for the suppression of diverse host anti-viral proteins
    Wenyan Zhang
    Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
    PLoS ONE 3:e3963. 2008
    ..Formation of infectious HIV-1 requires the suppression of multiple cytidine deaminases by Vif. HIV-1 Vif suppresses various APOBEC3 proteins through the common mechanism of recruiting the Cullin5-ElonginB-..
  13. ncbi Tumultuous relationship between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) and the human APOBEC-3G and APOBEC-3F restriction factors
    Simon Henriet
    Architecture et Reactivite de l ARN, Universite de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, 15 rue Rene Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
    Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 73:211-32. 2009
    The viral infectivity factor (Vif) is dispensable for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in so-called permissive cells but is required for replication in nonpermissive cell lines and for pathogenesis...
  14. ncbi Role of viral regulatory and accessory proteins in HIV-1 replication
    Anila Seelamgari
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
    Front Biosci 9:2388-413. 2004
    ..HIV-1 replicates actively in a variety of cells by encoding several regulatory (Tat and Rev) and accessory (Vpr, Vif, Vpu, and Nef) proteins...
  15. ncbi Optimal translation initiation enables Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to escape restriction by APOBEC3G
    Guylaine Haché
    Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
    J Virol 83:5956-60. 2009
    APOBEC3G restricts Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by deaminating viral cDNA cytosines to uracils. This promutagenic activity is counteracted by HIV-1 Vif, which is a natural APOBEC3G antagonist...
  16. ncbi A patch of positively charged amino acids surrounding the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif SLVx4Yx9Y motif influences its interaction with APOBEC3G
    Gongying Chen
    Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    J Virol 83:8674-82. 2009
    The amino-terminal region of the Vif molecule in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) contains a conserved SLV/Ix4Yx9Y motif that was first described in 1992, but the importance of ..
  17. ncbi Antiviral roles of APOBEC proteins against HIV-1 and suppression by Vif
    Bizhan Romani
    Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Campus, Tygerberg, South Africa
    Arch Virol 154:1579-88. 2009
    ..In the absence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virion infectivity factor (Vif), APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F are incorporated into HIV-1 virions and hypermutate the viral genomic DNA by their cytidine ..
  18. ncbi HIV-1 Vif binds to APOBEC3G mRNA and inhibits its translation
    Gaëlle Mercenne
    Architecture et Reactivite de l ARN, Universite de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, 15 rue Rene Descartes, 67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
    Nucleic Acids Res 38:633-46. 2010
    The HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) allows productive infection of non-permissive cells (including most natural HIV-1 targets) by counteracting the cellular cytosine deaminases APOBEC-3G (hA3G) and hA3F...
  19. ncbi A single amino acid difference in human APOBEC3H variants determines HIV-1 Vif sensitivity
    Anjie Zhen
    Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    J Virol 84:1902-11. 2010
    ..However, it is not clear whether HIV-1 Vif can recognize and suppress the antiviral activity of A3H variants, as it does with other APOBEC3 proteins...
  20. ncbi Polyubiquitination of APOBEC3G is essential for its degradation by HIV-1 Vif
    Qiujia Shao
    Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, USA
    J Virol 84:4840-4. 2010
    ..In this study, we showed that although macaque simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) Vif is more stable than HIV-1 Vif in human cells, SIVmac Vif induces degradation of APBOEC3G as efficiently as HIV-1 ..
  21. ncbi Identification of 81LGxGxxIxW89 and 171EDRW174 domains from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif that regulate APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F neutralizing activity
    Ying Dang
    Department of Microbiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 4320, USA
    J Virol 84:5741-50. 2010
    ..restrict human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication, but they are neutralized by the viral protein Vif. Vif bridges A3G and A3F with a Cullin 5 (Cul5)-based E3 ubiquitin ligase and mediates their proteasomal ..
  22. ncbi Molecular insight into the conformational dynamics of the Elongin BC complex and its interaction with HIV-1 Vif
    Sean R Marcsisin
    Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and the Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
    J Mol Biol 402:892-904. 2010
    The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion infectivity factor (Vif) inhibits the innate viral immunity afforded by the APOBEC3 family of cytidine deaminases...
  23. ncbi MDM2 is a novel E3 ligase for HIV-1 Vif
    Taisuke Izumi
    Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo ku, Japan
    Retrovirology 6:1. 2009
    The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif plays a crucial role in the viral life cycle by antagonizing a host restriction factor APOBEC3G (A3G)...
  24. ncbi Induction of APOBEC3 family proteins, a defensive maneuver underlying interferon-induced anti-HIV-1 activity
    Gang Peng
    Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
    J Exp Med 203:41-6. 2006
    ..As a counterattack, HIV virion infectivity factor (Vif) targets APOBEC3G for proteasomal proteolysis to exclude it from budding virions...
  25. ncbi Vif-deficient HIV reverse transcription complexes (RTCs) are subject to structural changes and mutation of RTC-associated reverse transcription products
    J M Carr
    Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
    Virology 351:80-91. 2006
    ..WT and Vif-deficient (Deltavif) RTCs produced by infection with virus from permissive cells displayed similar sedimentation ..
  26. ncbi Virion-associated uracil DNA glycosylase-2 and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease are involved in the degradation of APOBEC3G-edited nascent HIV-1 DNA
    Bin Yang
    Center for Human Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
    J Biol Chem 282:11667-75. 2007
    ..propose that the degradation of APOBEC3G-edited viral DNA mediated by virion-associated UNG2 and APE during or after reverse transcription could be partially responsible for the potent anti-HIV-1 effect by APOBEC3G in the absence of vif.
  27. ncbi Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif inhibits packaging and antiviral activity of a degradation-resistant APOBEC3G variant
    Sandrine Opi
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Viral Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 4, Room 310, 4 Center Drive, MSC 0460, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 0460, USA
    J Virol 81:8236-46. 2007
    Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif counteracts the antiviral activity of the human cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G (APO3G) by inhibiting its incorporation into virions...
  28. ncbi Stoichiometry of the antiviral protein APOBEC3G in HIV-1 virions
    Hongzhan Xu
    Viral Mutation Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute Frederick, P O Box B, Bldg 535, Rm 334, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
    Virology 360:247-56. 2007
    ..of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by incorporating into virions in the absence of the virally encoded Vif protein (Deltavif virions), at least in part by causing G-to-A hypermutation...
  29. ncbi Generation of simian-tropic HIV-1 by restriction factor evasion
    Theodora Hatziioannou
    Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center and Rockefeller University, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
    Science 314:95. 2006
    ....
  30. ncbi Identification of APOBEC3DE as another antiretroviral factor from the human APOBEC family
    Ying Dang
    Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 4320, USA
    J Virol 80:10522-33. 2006
    ..In opposition to APOBEC genes, HIV-1 and SIV contain a virion infectivity factor (Vif) that targets APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G for polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation...
  31. ncbi Mutational alteration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif allows for functional interaction with nonhuman primate APOBEC3G
    Bärbel Schröfelbauer
    Infectious Disease Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    J Virol 80:5984-91. 2006
    ..as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have evolved the accessory protein Vif to induce their degradation before packaging...
  32. ncbi Implication of the lymphocyte-specific nuclear body protein Sp140 in an innate response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    Navid Madani
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201 3098, USA
    J Virol 76:11133-8. 2002
    The viral infectivity factor (Vif) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) neutralizes an unidentified antiviral pathway that occurs only in nonpermissive (NP) cells...
  33. ncbi Assembly of HIV-1 Vif-Cul5 E3 ubiquitin ligase through a novel zinc-binding domain-stabilized hydrophobic interface in Vif
    Zuoxiang Xiao
    Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Virology 349:290-9. 2006
    APOBEC3G (A3G) and related cytidine deaminases are potent inhibitors of retroviruses. HIV-1 Vif hijacks the cellular Cul5-E3 ubiquitin ligase to degrade APOBEC3 proteins and render them ineffective against these viruses...
  34. ncbi Differential requirement for conserved tryptophans in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif for the selective suppression of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F
    Chunjuan Tian
    Second Affiliated Hospital, Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
    J Virol 80:3112-5. 2006
    ..of infectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires suppression of multiple cytidine deaminases by Vif. Whether HIV-1 Vif recognizes various APOBEC3 proteins through a common mechanism is unclear...
  35. ncbi Identification of two distinct human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif determinants critical for interactions with human APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F
    Rebecca A Russell
    HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute Frederick, P O Box B, Bldg 535, Rm 334, Frederick, MD 21702 1201, USA
    J Virol 81:8201-10. 2007
    Human cytidine deaminases APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3F (A3F) inhibit replication of Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)...
  36. ncbi Distinct domains within APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F interact with separate regions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif
    Rebecca A Russell
    Viral Mutation Section, HIV Drug Resistance Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
    J Virol 83:1992-2003. 2009
    Human APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3F (A3F) inhibit the replication of Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). HIV-1 Vif overcomes these host restriction factors by binding to them and inducing their degradation...
  37. ncbi Phosphorylation of APOBEC3G by protein kinase A regulates its interaction with HIV-1 Vif
    Kotaro Shirakawa
    Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawaracho, Sakyo ku, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
    Nat Struct Mol Biol 15:1184-91. 2008
    ..HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) counteracts A3G by promoting its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway...
  38. ncbi Identification of amino acid residues in HIV-1 Vif critical for binding and exclusion of APOBEC3G/F
    Tomoki Yamashita
    Department of Virology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770 8503, Japan
    Microbes Infect 10:1142-9. 2008
    To define a region(s) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif that involves binding to its target APOBEC3G (A3G), we have generated a series of site-specific proviral vif mutants...
  39. ncbi Differential sensitivity of "old" versus "new" APOBEC3G to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vif
    Ritu Goila-Gaur
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Viral Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 0460, USA
    J Virol 83:1156-60. 2009
    HIV-1 Vif counteracts the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G by inhibiting its encapsidation into virions...
  40. ncbi Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif functionally interacts with diverse APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases and moves with them between cytoplasmic sites of mRNA metabolism
    Mariana Marin
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 3098, USA
    J Virol 82:987-98. 2008
    b>Vif(IIIB), which has been a standard model for the viral infectivity factor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), binds the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G (A3G) and induces its degradation, thereby precluding its lethal ..
  41. ncbi Function analysis of sequences in human APOBEC3G involved in Vif-mediated degradation
    Li Zhang
    Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and McGill AIDS Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2
    Virology 370:113-21. 2008
    Human APOBEC3G (hA3G) has been identified as an anti-HIV cellular factor. As a counter measure, the HIV-1 protein Vif causes the degradation of hA3G by binding to it and directing it to the cellular proteasome...
  42. ncbi Identification of an APOBEC3G binding site in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif and inhibitors of Vif-APOBEC3G binding
    Andrew Mehle
    Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Virol 81:13235-41. 2007
    ..HIV-1 Vif binds APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F and targets these proteins for ubiquitination by forming an E3 ubiquitin ligase with ..
  43. ncbi Vif is a RNA chaperone that could temporally regulate RNA dimerization and the early steps of HIV-1 reverse transcription
    S Henriet
    Architecture et Reactivite de l ARN, Universite Louis Pasteur, CNRS, IBMC, 15 rue Rene Descartes, 67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
    Nucleic Acids Res 35:5141-53. 2007
    HIV-1 Vif (viral infectivity factor) is associated with the assembly complexes and packaged at low level into the viral particles, and is essential for viral replication in non-permissive cells...
  44. ncbi Conserved and non-conserved features of HIV-1 and SIVagm Vif mediated suppression of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases
    Wenyan Zhang
    College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
    Cell Microbiol 10:1662-75. 2008
    ..deaminase APOBEC3C (A3C) acts as a potent inhibitor of SIVagm and can be regulated by both HIV-1 and SIVagm Vif. The mechanism by which Vif suppresses A3C is unknown...
  45. ncbi Signal peptide fragments of preprolactin and HIV-1 p-gp160 interact with calmodulin
    B Martoglio
    Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg ZMBH, Postfach 106249, 69052 Heidelberg, Germany
    EMBO J 16:6636-45. 1997
    ..The functional consequences of such interactions remain to be established. However, our data suggest that signal sequences may be functionally more versatile than anticipated up to now...
  46. ncbi HIV-1 Vif and APOBEC3G: multiple roads to one goal
    Joao Goncalves
    URIA Centro de Patogénese Molecular, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649 019 Lisboa, Portugal
    Retrovirology 1:28. 2004
    The viral infectivity factor, Vif, of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, HIV-1, has long been shown to promote viral replication in vivo and to serve a critical function for productive infection of non-permissive cells, like peripheral ..
  47. ncbi Production of infectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 does not require depletion of APOBEC3G from virus-producing cells
    Sandra Kao
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Building 4, Room 310, 4 Center Drive, MSC 0460, Bethesda, MD 20892 0460, USA
    Retrovirology 1:27. 2004
    The human immunodeficiency virus Vif protein overcomes the inhibitory activity of the APOBEC3G cytidine deaminase by prohibiting its packaging into virions...
  48. ncbi Ring finger protein ZIN interacts with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif
    Feng Feng
    Australian Centre for Hepatitis and HIV Virology Research, Infectious Disease Laboratories, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Frome Rd, Adelaide, Australia 5000
    J Virol 78:10574-81. 2004
    Virion infectivity factor (Vif) protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is essential for the productive infection of primary human CD4 T lymphocytes and macrophages...
  49. ncbi APOBEC3F properties and hypermutation preferences indicate activity against HIV-1 in vivo
    Mark T Liddament
    University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, 321 Church St S E, 6 155 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
    Curr Biol 14:1385-91. 2004
    ..also a potent retroviral restrictor but that its activity, unlike that of APOBEC3G, is partially resistant to HIV-1 Vif and results in a clear 5'-GA --> -AA retroviral hypermutation preference...
  50. ncbi New insights into the role of Vif in HIV-1 replication
    Bärbel Schröfelbauer
    Infectious Disease Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    AIDS Rev 6:34-9. 2004
    HIV-1 and most of the other lentiviruses encode Vif (virion infectivity factor), an accessory protein that the virus requires to replicate in primary CD4+ T-cells and monocytes...
  51. ncbi Functional domains of APOBEC3G required for antiviral activity
    Jinliang Li
    Molecular Virology Division, St Luke s Roosevelt Hospital Center and Columbia University, New York, New York 10019, USA
    J Cell Biochem 92:560-72. 2004
    The viral protein, Vif, is essential for the production of infectious progeny virions in natural target cells of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)...
  52. ncbi A single amino acid difference in the host APOBEC3G protein controls the primate species specificity of HIV type 1 virion infectivity factor
    Hal P Bogerd
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:3770-4. 2004
    The HIV type 1 (HIV-1) virion infectivity factor (Vif) protein blocks the action of the host defense factor APOBEC3G in human cells, thereby allowing release of infectious virions, but fails to inhibit similar APOBEC3G proteins present ..
  53. ncbi Human APOBEC3F is another host factor that blocks human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication
    Yong Hui Zheng
    Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 3rd and Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 0703, USA
    J Virol 78:6073-6. 2004
    ..Similar to APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F also induced G to A hypermutations in HIV genomic DNA, and the viral Vif protein counteracted its activity...
  54. ncbi The Vif protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is posttranslationally modified by ubiquitin
    Sylvie Dussart
    INSERM Unit 372, Universite de la Mediterranee, 163 Avenue de Luminy, BP178, 13276 Marseille Cedex 09, France
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun 315:66-72. 2004
    The viral infectivity factor (Vif), one of the six HIV-1 auxiliary genes, is absolutely necessary for productive infection in primary CD4-positive T lymphocytes and macrophages...
  55. ncbi Vif overcomes the innate antiviral activity of APOBEC3G by promoting its degradation in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
    Andrew Mehle
    Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Biol Chem 279:7792-8. 2004
    Viruses must overcome diverse intracellular defense mechanisms to establish infection. The Vif (virion infectivity factor) protein of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) acts by overcoming the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G (CEM15), a ..
  56. ncbi Identification of a host protein essential for assembly of immature HIV-1 capsids
    Concepcion Zimmerman
    Department of Physiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
    Nature 415:88-92. 2002
    ..Furthermore, in cells the HP68-Gag complex is associated with HIV-1 Vif, which is involved in virion morphogenesis and infectivity...
  57. ncbi The tyrosine kinase Hck is an inhibitor of HIV-1 replication counteracted by the viral vif protein
    G Hassaine
    INSERM Unit 372, Universite de la Mediterranee, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13276 Marseilles Cedex 09, France
    J Biol Chem 276:16885-93. 2001
    The virus infectivity factor (Vif) protein facilitates the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in primary lymphocytes and macrophages...
  58. ncbi Evidence for budding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 selectively from glycolipid-enriched membrane lipid rafts
    D H Nguyen
    Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
    J Virol 74:3264-72. 2000
    ....
  59. ncbi Selective assembly of HIV-1 Vif-Cul5-ElonginB-ElonginC E3 ubiquitin ligase complex through a novel SOCS box and upstream cysteines
    Yunkai Yu
    Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
    Genes Dev 18:2867-72. 2004
    APOBEC3G, which induces hypermutations in newly synthesized viral DNA, is suppressed by HIV-1 Vif, acting through Cul5-ElonginB-ElonginC E3 ubiquitin ligase...
  60. ncbi HIV-1 Vif can directly inhibit apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G-mediated cytidine deamination by using a single amino acid interaction and without protein degradation
    Mariana Santa-Marta
    Unidade de Retrovirus e Infecçôes Associadas, Centro de Patogenese Molecular, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av das Forcas Armadas, 1649 019 Lisboa, Portugal
    J Biol Chem 280:8765-75. 2005
    ..HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) protein was shown to protect the virus from APOBEC3G-mediated viral cDNA hypermutation...
  61. ncbi Mode of action of SDZ NIM 811, a nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin A analog with activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1: interference with HIV protein-cyclophilin A interactions
    A Billich
    Sandoz Forschungsinstitut GmbH, Vienna, Austria
    J Virol 69:2451-61. 1995
    ..Cyclophilin A also binds to HIV-1 proteins other than gag-encoded proteins, namely, p17gag, Nef, Vif, and gp120env; the biological significance of these interactions is questionable...
  62. ncbi Ubiquitination of APOBEC3G by an HIV-1 Vif-Cullin5-Elongin B-Elongin C complex is essential for Vif function
    Masayuki Kobayashi
    Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawaracho, Sakyo ku, Kyoto 606 8507, Japan
    J Biol Chem 280:18573-8. 2005
    The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virion infectivity factor (Vif) overcomes the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G to protect HIV-1 DNA from G-to-A hypermutation...
  63. ncbi Nuclear localization of HIV type 1 Vif isolated from a long-term asymptomatic individual and potential role in virus attenuation
    Melissa A Farrow
    Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 21:565-74. 2005
    Recent reports have determined that HIV-1 Vif counteracts an innate antiviral cellular factor, Apobec3G. However, the function of Vif during HIV-1 pathogenesis remains poorly understood...
  64. ncbi HIV-1 tat protein and cell proliferation and survival: a brief review
    Davide Gibellini
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Microbiology Section, University of Bologna, Italy
    New Microbiol 28:95-109. 2005
    ..This review focuses on some aspects of Tat biological activity with particular regard to effects of Tat on cell proliferation and survival regulation...
  65. ncbi HIV-1 TAR RNA: the target of molecular interactions between the virus and its host
    Sylvie Bannwarth
    McGill University AIDS Centre, Molecular Oncology Group, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Canada
    Curr HIV Res 3:61-71. 2005
    ..Recent data using small molecules or RNA-based technologies show that acting on the TAR RNA or on its viral and cellular binding factors effectively decreases virion production...
  66. ncbi Regulation of Vif mRNA splicing by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 requires 5' splice site D2 and an exonic splicing enhancer to counteract cellular restriction factor APOBEC3G
    Dibyakanti Mandal
    Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
    J Virol 83:6067-78. 2009
    The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) accessory protein Vif is encoded by an incompletely spliced mRNA resulting from splicing of the major splice donor in the HIV-1 genome, 5' splice site (5'ss) D1, to the first splice ..
  67. ncbi The Vif and Vpr accessory proteins independently cause HIV-1-induced T cell cytopathicity and cell cycle arrest
    Keiko Sakai
    Laboratory of Immunology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 1892, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:3369-74. 2006
    ..However, elimination of the vif and vpr accessory genes together, but not individually, renders the virus incapable of causing cell death and G(2) ..
  68. ncbi Role of the non-homologous DNA end joining pathway in the early steps of retroviral infection
    L Li
    Infectious Disease Laboratory, The Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
    EMBO J 20:3272-81. 2001
    ..We propose that the double-strand ends present in unintegrated cDNA promote apoptosis, as is known to be the case for chromosomal double-strand breaks, and cDNA circularization removes the pro-apoptotic signal...
  69. ncbi HIV-1 Vif: HIV's weapon against the cellular defense factor APOBEC3G
    Melanie Kremer
    Department of Virology, Paul Ehrlich Institut, Langen, Germany
    Curr HIV Res 3:339-44. 2005
    The human immunodeficiency virus type 1, HIV-1, has long been known to possess the viral infectivity factor, Vif, which supports productive viral replication in non-permissive cells, such as peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL)...
  70. ncbi The role of Vif during HIV-1 infection: interaction with novel host cellular factors
    Julie Anne Lake
    National Centre for HIV Virology Research, Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Frome Road, Adelaide 5000, Australia
    J Clin Virol 26:143-52. 2003
    Current research suggests that human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) virion infectivity factor (Vif) acts during viral assembly in producer cells to ensure infectivity in target cells but the exact mechanism of action has not been ..
  71. ncbi APOBEC deaminases as cellular antiviral factors: a novel natural host defense mechanism
    Raffaella Franca
    Istituto di Genetica Molecolare IGM CNR, Pavia, Italy
    Med Sci Monit 12:RA92-8. 2006
    ..This natural antiretroviral host defense mechanism is counteracted by the HIV-1 protein Vif, which is able to target APOBECs to degrade...
  72. ncbi Identification of a novel WxSLVK motif in the N terminus of human immunodeficiency virus and simian immunodeficiency virus Vif that is critical for APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F neutralization
    Ying Dang
    Department of Microbiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 4320, USA
    J Virol 83:8544-52. 2009
    The function of lentiviral Vif proteins is to neutralize the host antiviral cytidine deaminases APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3F (A3F)...
  73. ncbi The range of human APOBEC3H sensitivity to lentiviral Vif proteins
    Melody M H Li
    Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
    J Virol 84:88-95. 2010
    ..In contrast to human APOBEC3G, which can be completely counteracted by HIV-1 Vif, the protein encoded by APOBEC3H haplotype II is only partially sensitive to Vif, while the protein encoded by ..
  74. ncbi Interactions in vivo between the Vif protein of HIV-1 and the precursor (Pr55(GAG)) of the virion nucleocapsid proteins
    Farhatullah Syed
    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
    Arch Virol 154:1797-805. 2009
    The abnormality of viral core structure seen in vif-defective HIV-1 grown in PBMCs has suggested a role for Vif in viral morphogenesis...
  75. ncbi Role and mechanism of action of the APOBEC3 family of antiretroviral resistance factors
    Bryan R Cullen
    Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Box 3025, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
    J Virol 80:1067-76. 2006
  76. ncbi [Vimentin intermediate filaments are involved in replication of human immunodeficiency virus type I]
    T V Khakhulina
    Dokl Akad Nauk 368:706-8. 1999
  77. ncbi Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylates and regulates the HIV-1 Vif protein
    X Yang
    Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Biol Chem 273:29879-87. 1998
    The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein plays a critical role in virus replication and infectivity. Here we show that Vif is phosphorylated and regulated by p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)...
  78. ncbi The Vif and Gag proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 colocalize in infected human T cells
    J H Simon
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104 6148, USA
    J Virol 71:5259-67. 1997
    The Vif protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other lentiviruses is required for efficient replication in primary cells and certain immortalized cell lines in vitro and, in all likelihood, for the establishment of ..
  79. ncbi Phosphorylation of Vif and its role in HIV-1 replication
    X Yang
    Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and the Departments of Pathology and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Biol Chem 271:10121-9. 1996
    b>Vif is a 23-kDa protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) which is important for virion infectivity. Here, we describe the phosphorylation of HIV-1 Vif and its role in HIV-1 replication...
  80. ncbi The multiple functions of HIV-1 Tat: proliferation versus apoptosis
    Francesca Peruzzi
    Center for Neurovirology and Cancer Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
    Front Biosci 11:708-17. 2006
    ..Here, we discuss intracellular activities of Tat in HIV-infected cells, as well as in cells exposed to Tat, and focus on two contradictory aspects of Tat-mediated effects: cell proliferation and cell death...
  81. ncbi High level expression of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Vif inhibits viral infectivity by modulating proteolytic processing of the Gag precursor at the p2/nucleocapsid processing site
    Hirofumi Akari
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, 4 312, 4 Center Drive, MSC 0460, Bethesda, MD 20892 0460, USA
    J Biol Chem 279:12355-62. 2004
    The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Vif protein has a crucial role in regulating viral infectivity. However, we found that newly synthesized Vif is rapidly degraded by cellular proteases...
  82. ncbi Cytidine deamination induced HIV-1 drug resistance
    Lubbertus C F Mulder
    Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1090, New York, NY 10029, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:5501-6. 2008
    The HIV-1 Vif protein is essential for overcoming the antiviral activity of DNA-editing apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 3 (APOBEC3) cytidine deaminases...
  83. ncbi Natural resistance to HIV infection: The Vif-APOBEC interaction
    Michael H Malim
    Department of Infectious Diseases, King s College London, School of Medicine, 2nd Floor, New Guy s House, Guy s Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK
    C R Biol 329:871-5. 2006
    ..Wild type viral infections are largely spared from APOBEC function through the action of the viral Vif protein...
  84. ncbi Population level analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hypermutation and its relationship with APOBEC3G and vif genetic variation
    Craig Pace
    Centre for Clinical Immunology and Biomedical Statistics, 2nd Floor, North Block, Royal Perth Hospital, Wellington Street, Perth 6000, Western Australia
    J Virol 80:9259-69. 2006
    ..7 log(10) copies/ml; P = 0.001). Defective vif was strongly associated with HIV-1 hypermutation, with additional evidence for a contribution of vif amino acid ..
  85. ncbi Changes in the Vif protein of HIV-1 associated with the development of resistance to inhibitors of viral protease
    Melanie A Adekale
    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
    J Med Virol 75:195-201. 2005
    The protease (PR) and virus infectivity factor (vif) gene sequences of a cohort of HIV-1 infected patients showing evidence of developing protease inhibitor (PI) resistance whilst undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) ..
  86. ncbi A second human antiretroviral factor, APOBEC3F, is suppressed by the HIV-1 and HIV-2 Vif proteins
    Heather L Wiegand
    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
    EMBO J 23:2451-8. 2004
    The HIV-1 Vif protein suppresses the inhibition of viral replication caused by the human antiretroviral factor APOBEC3G...
  87. ncbi Vif and Apobec3G in the innate immune response to HIV: a tale of two proteins
    Melissa A Farrow
    College of the Holy Cross, Department of Biology, 1 College Street, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
    Future Microbiol 3:145-54. 2008
    ..One such critical virus-host interaction is the recently elucidated interplay between the viral Vif protein and the innate immune defense molecule Apobec3G...
  88. ncbi [Enhanced protein production of Vif and APOBEC3G by HIV-1 Vpr]
    Lin Li
    Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
    Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi 22:39-41. 2008
    Goal of this study was to test the potential regulatory effects of Vpr on Vif and Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G.
  89. ncbi Virus-host interactions: role of HIV proteins Vif, Tat, and Rev
    Klaus Strebel
    Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Viral Biochemistry Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Building-Room 310, 4 Center Drive, MSC 0460, Bethesda, MD 20892-0460, USA
    AIDS 17:S25-34. 2003
  90. ncbi The HIV-1 Vif PPLP motif is necessary for human APOBEC3G binding and degradation
    John P Donahue
    Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, A 2200, Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
    Virology 377:49-53. 2008
    The HIV-1 virion infectivity factor (Vif) is required during viral replication to inactivate the host cell anti-viral factor, APOBEC3G (A3G)...
  91. ncbi A single amino acid substitution in human APOBEC3G antiretroviral enzyme confers resistance to HIV-1 virion infectivity factor-induced depletion
    Hongzhan Xu
    HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:5652-7. 2004
    ..This innate mechanism of resistance to retroviral infection is counteracted by the HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif), which protects the virus by preventing the incorporation of APOBEC3G into virions by rapidly inducing its ..
  92. ncbi HIV-1 Vif protein blocks the cytidine deaminase activity of B-cell specific AID in E. coli by a similar mechanism of action
    Mariana Santa-Marta
    URIA Centro de Patogénese Molecular, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649 019 Lisboa, Portugal
    Mol Immunol 44:583-90. 2007
    HIV-1 Vif protein protects viral replication in non-permissive cells by inducing degradation of APOBEC3G via ubiquitination and proteasomal pathway, although new studies indicate a putative role in Vif's direct inhibition of APOBEC3G...
  93. ncbi Mass spectrometry analysis of HIV-1 Vif reveals an increase in ordered structure upon oligomerization in regions necessary for viral infectivity
    Jared R Auclair
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
    Proteins 69:270-84. 2007
    HIV-1 Vif, an accessory protein in the viral genome, performs an important role in viral pathogenesis by facilitating the degradation of APOBEC3G, an endogenous cellular inhibitor of HIV-1 replication...
  94. ncbi Analysis of HIV-1 viral infectivity factor-mediated proteasome-dependent depletion of APOBEC3G: correlating function and subcellular localization
    Michael J Wichroski
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
    J Biol Chem 280:8387-96. 2005
    To study how HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) mediates proteasome-dependent depletion of host factor APOBEC3G, functional and nonfunctional Vif-APOBEC3G interactions were correlated with subcellular localization...
  95. ncbi Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infectivity by the ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway
    X Yang
    Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    J Virol 73:3460-6. 1999
    ..MAPK has been shown to regulate HIV-1 infectivity by phosphorylating Vif (X. Yang and D. Gabuzda, J. Biol. Chem. 273:29879-29887, 1998)...
  96. ncbi The viral infectivity factor (Vif) of HIV-1 unveiled
    Kristine M Rose
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University Portland, Oregon 97239 3098, USA
    Trends Mol Med 10:291-7. 2004
    The viral infectivity factor (Vif) of HIV type-1 (HIV-1) is essential for efficient viral replication, yet was, until recently, enigmatic...
  97. ncbi Comparative analysis of the antiretroviral activity of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F from primates
    Veronique Zennou
    Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center and The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA
    Virology 349:31-40. 2006
    ..Each of four primate lentivirus Vif proteins reduced human and AGM APOBEC3F expression and antiviral activity, but all were only partially effective ..

Research Grants48

  1. Mechanisms involved in HIV-1 Tat mediated neuronal damage
    Francesca Peruzzi; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We expect that results from this study will critically redefine our knowledge of Tat-mediated neurotoxicity, and can provide potential targets for more effective therapeutic intervention. ..
  2. Regulation of human microRNA biosynthesis and activity
    BRYAN CULLEN; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Finally, in specific aim 5, we seek to extend our exciting initial data demonstrating inhibition of miRNA function by the adenovirus VA1 non-coding RNA by trying to define the underlying mechanism. ..
  3. Role and mechanism of action of Gamma herpesvirus microRNAs
    BRYAN CULLEN; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Together, these studies should identify human mRNA targets for several KSHV and EBV miRNAs and shed light on the role of these miRNAs in the replication cycle of Gamma herpesviruses in general. ..
  4. Peptide Inhibitors of HIV-1 Vif Function
    John Donahue; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..One example of this kind of interaction occurs between the HIV-1 Vif protein and the host cell cytidine deaminase, APOBEC3G...
  5. Molecular basis of neuronal dysfunction in AIDS
    Francesca Peruzzi; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The outcome of these studies will provide a new information on the pathways which are affected by HIV-1 Tat, and will assist to improve our effort for developing strategies against HIV-1 induced neuronal cell injury. ..
  6. Effect of HIV-1 Vpr on Basic Cellular Functions (II)
    Richard Zhao; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..abstract_text> ..
  7. Molecular Mechanism of HIV-1 Vif Function
    BRYAN CULLEN; Fiscal Year: 2007
    Although expression of the viral Vif protein is critical for HIV-1 replication in primary cells, the mechanism of action of Vif has, until recently, been largely unclear...
  8. HIV-1: microRNA interactions
    Bryan R Cullen; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..This research has the potential to not only shed new light on HIV-1 pathogenesis but also suggest new approaches to inhibit virus replication. ..
  9. Role and mechanism of action of Gamma herpesvirus microRNAs
    Bryan R Cullen; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Together, these studies should identify human mRNA targets for several KSHV and EBV miRNAs and shed light on the role of these miRNAs in the replication cycle of Gamma herpesviruses in general. ..
  10. Mechanisms involved in HIV-1 Tat mediated neuronal damage
    Francesca Peruzzi; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..We expect that results from this study will critically redefine our knowledge of Tat-mediated neurotoxicity, and can provide potential targets for more effective therapeutic intervention. ..
  11. Effect of APOBEC3G on retroviruses and retrotransposons
    BRYAN CULLEN; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..and other related APOBEC3 proteins, on HIV-1 replication but also the mechanism of APOBEC3G neutralization by HIV-1 Vif. However, the APOBEC3 protein family must be evolutionarily conserved in humans for reasons unrelated to HIV-1 ..
  12. Effect of HIV-1 Vpr on Basic Cellular Functions (II)
    Richard Zhao; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..abstract_text> ..
  13. Effect of HIV-1 Vpr on Basic Cellular Functions (II)
    Richard Zhao; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..abstract_text> ..
  14. HIV-1 TROPISM AND CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS
    BRYAN CULLEN; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..The final specific aim focusses on the promoter regions of CCR5, the identification of transcription factors that may interact with the promoter, and the use of antisense strategies to block CCR5 expression. ..
  15. Cell Cycle G2/M Pathway Modulated by Viral Protein R
    Richard Zhao; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..These proposed studies will provide a comprehensive framework for this new cell cycle control pathway and provide insights into fundamental aspects of this new G2/M surveillance system of eukaryotic cells. ..