SPAG11B

Summary

Gene Symbol: SPAG11B
Description: sperm associated antigen 11B
Alias: EDDM2B, EP2, EP2C, EP2D, HE2, HE2C, SPAG11, epididymal protein 2B, human epididymis-specific protein 2, sperm antigen HE2, sperm-associated antigen 11B
Species: human

Top Publications

  1. ncbi Immunogenicity and specificity of the candidate multi-epitope-vaccines against HIV-1
    Y Lu
    Research Center for Medical Science and Department of Biology, Tsinghua University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China
    Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 23:487-94. 2001
  2. ncbi Inhibition of noradrenaline release in the rat vena cava via prostanoid receptors of the EP3-subtype
    G Molderings
    , , Germany
    Br J Pharmacol 107:352-5. 1992
  3. ncbi Modulation of noradrenaline release from the sympathetic nerves of the human saphenous vein and pulmonary artery by presynaptic EP3- and DP-receptors
    G J Molderings
    , , Germany
    Br J Pharmacol 111:733-8. 1994
  4. ncbi Characterization of the PGE receptor subtype mediating inhibition of superoxide production in human neutrophils
    E Talpain
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Edinburgh
    Br J Pharmacol 114:1459-65. 1995
  5. ncbi Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 is involved in vascular endothelial growth factor production in interleukin-1alpha-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells
    Y Bando
    Periodontology, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
    J Periodontal Res 44:395-401. 2009
  6. ncbi Characterization of chlorinated compounds using a dual chlorine-selective pulsed discharge emission detector-helium-pulsed discharge photoionization detector system
    K Sun
    Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, TX 77204-5641, USA
    J Chromatogr A 872:179-89. 2000
  7. ncbi Apolipoprotein E2 reduces the low density lipoprotein level in transgenic mice by impairing lipoprotein lipase-mediated lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins
    Y Huang
    Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, California 94141 9100, USA
    J Biol Chem 273:17483-90. 1998
  8. ncbi Regulation of TNFalpha and interleukin-10 production by prostaglandins I(2) and E(2): studies with prostaglandin receptor-deficient mice and prostaglandin E-receptor subtype-selective synthetic agonists
    S Shinomiya
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5 9 1 Shirokane, Minato ku, Tokyo 108 8641, Japan
    Biochem Pharmacol 61:1153-60. 2001
  9. ncbi Prostaglandin receptors: their role in regulating renal function
    M D Breyer
    Department of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
    Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 9:23-9. 2000
  10. ncbi Prostaglandin E receptors in myometrial cells
    G Asboth
    1st Institute of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
    Acta Physiol Hung 85:39-50. 1997

Research Grants

  1. CYCLOOXYGENASE AND TUMORIGENESIS
    Daniel Hwang; Fiscal Year: 2003
  2. IL-1nduced Mediators of CNS Inflammation and AD: PGE
    MICHAEL O BANION; Fiscal Year: 2006
  3. Prostanoid modulators that reduce brain injury and inflammation after seizures
    Raymond Dingledine; Fiscal Year: 2007
  4. REGULATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN RECEPTORS IN MYOMETRIUM
    Leslie Myatt; Fiscal Year: 2006
  5. EICOSANOIDS AND LUNG MACROPHAGE ANTIMICROBIAL MECHANISMS
    MARC L PETERS GOLDEN; Fiscal Year: 2010
  6. EICOSANOIDS AND LUNG MACROPHAGE ANTIMICROBIAL MECHANISMS
    Marc Peters Golden; Fiscal Year: 2009
  7. Astatine 211 & Radioiodine Labeled Octreotide Conjugates
    Michael Zalutsky; Fiscal Year: 2004
  8. ALPHA 2 AND PROSTAGLANDIN RECEPTORS IN EYE
    John Regan; Fiscal Year: 2001
  9. CYCLOOXYGENASE AND PGE2 RECEPTOR FUNCTION IN SKIN CANCER
    Alice Pentland; Fiscal Year: 2004
  10. FACTORS INFLUENCING BONE METABOLISM
    Lawrence Raisz; Fiscal Year: 2007

Detail Information

Publications129 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Immunogenicity and specificity of the candidate multi-epitope-vaccines against HIV-1
    Y Lu
    Research Center for Medical Science and Department of Biology, Tsinghua University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China
    Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 23:487-94. 2001
    ..antibodies against HIV-1, we designed two candidate multi-epitope-vaccines, EP1 [C-G-(ELDKWA-GPGRAFY)2-K] and EP2 (CG-GPGRAFY-G-ELDKWA-G-RILAVERYLKD), containing three neutralizing epitopes (GPGRAFY, ELDKWA and RILAVERYLKD) on ..
  2. ncbi Inhibition of noradrenaline release in the rat vena cava via prostanoid receptors of the EP3-subtype
    G Molderings
    , , Germany
    Br J Pharmacol 107:352-5. 1992
    ..compounds mimicked the effect of prostaglandin E2 showing the following rank order of potencies: misoprostol (EP2-/EP3-receptor agonist) congruent to sulprostone (EP1-/EP3-receptor agonist) congruent to prostaglandin E1 = ..
  3. ncbi Modulation of noradrenaline release from the sympathetic nerves of the human saphenous vein and pulmonary artery by presynaptic EP3- and DP-receptors
    G J Molderings
    , , Germany
    Br J Pharmacol 111:733-8. 1994
    ..00. These effects were mimicked by prostaglandin E1, the EP1/EP3 receptor agonist, sulprostone and the EP2/EP3 receptor agonist, misoprostol with the rank order (pEC50): sulprostone (8.60) > PGE1 (7...
  4. ncbi Characterization of the PGE receptor subtype mediating inhibition of superoxide production in human neutrophils
    E Talpain
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Edinburgh
    Br J Pharmacol 114:1459-65. 1995
    ..15 +/- 0.03 microM, and a maximum effect ranging from 36-84% (mean inhibition of 68.7 +/- 2.5%, n = 32). 3. The EP2-receptor agonists, misoprostol, 11-deoxy PGE1, AH13205 and butaprost, all at 10 microM, inhibited O2- generation, ..
  5. ncbi Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 is involved in vascular endothelial growth factor production in interleukin-1alpha-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells
    Y Bando
    Periodontology, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
    J Periodontal Res 44:395-401. 2009
    Prostaglandin E(2), which exerts its actions via EP receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4), is a bioactive metabolite of arachidonic acid produced by cyclooxygenase-1 and/or cyclooxygenase-2...
  6. ncbi Characterization of chlorinated compounds using a dual chlorine-selective pulsed discharge emission detector-helium-pulsed discharge photoionization detector system
    K Sun
    Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, TX 77204-5641, USA
    J Chromatogr A 872:179-89. 2000
    ..detector (He-PDPID) is a function of the molecular structure and the number of photoionizable electrons using the He2 band at 13.5-17.5 eV...
  7. ncbi Apolipoprotein E2 reduces the low density lipoprotein level in transgenic mice by impairing lipoprotein lipase-mediated lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins
    Y Huang
    Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, California 94141 9100, USA
    J Biol Chem 273:17483-90. 1998
    ..effect of apoE2, we bred transgenic mice expressing low levels of apoE2 with LDL receptor-null mice (hE2(+/0), LDLR-/-)...
  8. ncbi Regulation of TNFalpha and interleukin-10 production by prostaglandins I(2) and E(2): studies with prostaglandin receptor-deficient mice and prostaglandin E-receptor subtype-selective synthetic agonists
    S Shinomiya
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5 9 1 Shirokane, Minato ku, Tokyo 108 8641, Japan
    Biochem Pharmacol 61:1153-60. 2001
    ..Among prostaglandin E (EP) receptor-selective synthetic agonists, EP2 and EP4 agonists caused down-regulation of the zymosan-induced TNFalpha production, but up-regulation on the IL-10 ..
  9. ncbi Prostaglandin receptors: their role in regulating renal function
    M D Breyer
    Department of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
    Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 9:23-9. 2000
    ..The FP, TP, and EP1 receptors preferentially couple to increased cell Ca2+. EP2, EP4, DP, and IP receptors stimulate cyclic adenosine monophosphate, whereas the EP3 receptor preferentially ..
  10. ncbi Prostaglandin E receptors in myometrial cells
    G Asboth
    1st Institute of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
    Acta Physiol Hung 85:39-50. 1997
    ..PGE2 may interact with at least four receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4), each showing different pharmacological profiles...
  11. ncbi [Effects of experimental left varicocele on SPAG11 mRNA and SPAG11E in the testis and epididymis of adolescent rats]
    Hong Tian
    Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Xi an Jiaotong University, Xi an, Shaanxi 710061, China
    Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 14:200-5. 2008
    To investigate the effects of experimental left varicocele (ELV) on the expression of sperm associated antigen 11 (SPAG11) mRNA and its protein isomer SPAG11E in the testis and epididymis of adolescent rats, and to explore the mechanism ..
  12. ncbi Characterization of receptors involved in the direct and indirect actions of prostaglandins E and I on the guinea-pig ileum
    R A Lawrence
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Edinburgh
    Br J Pharmacol 105:271-8. 1992
    ..b>EP2-receptors may be involved in the PGE action, in view of the marked effect of morphine on the contractile actions of ..
  13. ncbi Long-term efficacy of antifungals in toenail onychomycosis: a critical review
    B J Cribier
    Clinique Dermatologique des Hôpitaux Universitaires, 1 place de l Hôpital 67091 Strasbourg, France
    Br J Dermatol 145:446-52. 2001
    ..Modern antifungal drugs achieve high mycological and clinical cure rates in onychomycosis of the toes, but little is known about the long-term evolution of the treated patients...
  14. ncbi Dominant role of prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor in furosemide-induced salt-losing tubulopathy: a model for hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome
    Rolf M Nusing
    Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
    J Am Soc Nephrol 16:2354-62. 2005
    ..In wild-type (WT) mice and in mice lacking distinct PGE2 receptors (EP1-/-, EP2-/-, EP3-/-, and EP4-/-), the effect of chronic furosemide administration (7 d) on urine output, sodium and ..
  15. ncbi Evidence for the presence of AH 13205-sensitive EP2-prostanoid receptors in the pregnant baboon but not in the pregnant sheep myometrium near term
    R Garcia-Villar
    Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 6401, USA
    J Soc Gynecol Investig 2:6-12. 1995
    ..in pregnant sheep and baboons in an in vitro superfusion study, and to characterize further the PGE-sensitive (EP) receptor subtype involved in the myometrial response to PGE2 by using the selective prostanoid EP2 agonist AH 13205.
  16. ncbi Heterologous replacement of the supposed host determining region of avihepadnaviruses: high in vivo infectivity despite low infectivity for hepatocytes
    Kai Dallmeier
    University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
    PLoS Pathog 4:e1000230. 2008
    ..chimeric DHBVs with L proteins in which segments 22-90 (Du-He4) or its subsegments 22-37 and 37-90 (Du-He2, Du-He3) are derived from HHBV...
  17. ncbi Ontogenic increase in PGE2 and PGF2 alpha receptor density in brain microvessels of pigs
    D Y Li
    Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    Br J Pharmacol 112:59-64. 1994
    ..displaced by AH 6809 (EP1-selective antagonist) by 80-90%, and only by approximately 30-35% by both 11-deoxy PGE1 (EP2/EP3 agonist) and M&B 28,767 (EP3 agonist); butaprost (EP2 agonist) was completely ineffective. 4...
  18. ncbi Molecular cloning and characterization of the four rat prostaglandin E2 prostanoid receptor subtypes
    Y Boie
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research, Pointe Claire Dorval, Que, Canada
    Eur J Pharmacol 340:227-41. 1997
    We have characterized the rat prostanoid EP1, EP2, EP3alpha and EP4 receptor subtypes cloned from spleen, hepatocyte and/or kidney cDNA libraries...
  19. ncbi Immunohistochemical demonstration of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin receptors EP2 and FP expression in the bovine intercaruncular uterine wall around term
    D Wehbrink
    Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
    Anim Reprod Sci 106:241-54. 2008
    ..In contrast to relaxant prostaglandin E receptor type 2 (EP2), not showing any change in all tissue layers observed, contractile prostaglandin F(2alpha) receptor (FP) was ..
  20. ncbi Characterization of the prostanoid receptor(s) on human blood monocytes at which prostaglandin E2 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha generation
    K K Meja
    Imperial College School of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, London
    Br J Pharmacol 122:149-57. 1997
    ..4. With respect to PGE2, the EP-receptor agonists, 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (non-selective), misoprostol (EP2/EP3-selective), 11-deoxy PGE1 (EP2-selective) and butaprost (EP2-selective) were essentially full agonists as ..
  21. ncbi Prostanoid receptors of murine NIH 3T3 and RAW 264.7 cells. Structure and expression of the murine prostaglandin EP4 receptor gene
    T Arakawa
    Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
    J Biol Chem 271:29569-75. 1996
    ..The levels of the EP2 and EP4 prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptors and the prostaglandin I2 receptor were changed in these cells by serum or ..
  22. ncbi Prostaglandin E receptor subtypes in cultured rat microglia and their role in reducing lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1beta production
    A O Caggiano
    Committee on Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
    J Neurochem 72:565-75. 1999
    ..e., EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, expression and function in cultured rat microglia...
  23. ncbi Effects of mechanical strain on the function of Gap junctions in osteocytes are mediated through the prostaglandin EP2 receptor
    Priscilla P Cherian
    Department of Biochemistry and Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229 3900, USA
    J Biol Chem 278:43146-56. 2003
    ..Here we show that fluid flow regulates gap junctions through the PGE2 receptor EP2 activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) signaling...
  24. ncbi Investigation of the prostaglandin E (EP-) receptor subtype mediating relaxation of the rabbit jugular vein
    R A Lawrence
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Edinburgh
    Br J Pharmacol 105:817-24. 1992
    ..3. Comparison of the jugular vein data with published data for inhibitory agonist potencies on the cat trachea (EP2 preparation) and the field-stimulated guinea-pig vas deferens (EP3) indicates that the EP-receptor in the rabbit ..
  25. ncbi Antimicrobial actions of the human epididymis 2 (HE2) protein isoforms, HE2alpha, HE2beta1 and HE2beta2
    Suresh Yenugu
    Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 7500, USA
    Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2:61. 2004
    The HE2 gene encodes a group of isoforms with similarities to the antimicrobial beta-defensins...
  26. ncbi Potentiation of aggregation and inhibition of adenylate cyclase in human platelets by prostaglandin E analogues
    J S Matthews
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
    Br J Pharmacol 108:363-9. 1993
    ..3) suggest the involvement of EP3-receptors as opposed to EP1- or EP2-subtypes. 2...
  27. ncbi Spinal prostaglandin E receptors of the EP2 subtype and the glycine receptor alpha3 subunit, which mediate central inflammatory hyperalgesia, do not contribute to pain after peripheral nerve injury or formalin injection
    Katharina Hösl
    Institut fur Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitat Erlangen Nurnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, D 91054 Erlangen, Germany
    Pain 126:46-53. 2006
    ..We have recently identified spinal prostaglandin E receptors of the EP2 subtype (EP2 receptors) and the glycine receptor alpha3 subunit (GlyR alpha3) as signal transduction elements ..
  28. ncbi Effect of enrichment procedures on performance and microbial diversity of microbial fuel cell for Congo red decolorization and electricity generation
    Bin Hou
    State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
    Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 90:1563-72. 2011
    ..enrichment procedures in which glucose and Congo red were added into the MFCs sequentially (EP1) or simultaneously (EP2) were tested by operating parallel MFCs independently for more than 6 months...
  29. ncbi A cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 pathway augments activation-induced cytosine deaminase expression within replicating human B cells
    Hyunjoo Lee
    Laboratory of B Cell Biology, Karches Center for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
    J Immunol 185:5300-14. 2010
    ..paralleled by a division-related increase in a COX-2-linked enzyme, microsomal PGE(2) synthase-1, and the PGE(2)R, EP2. Cells with the greatest expression of AID expressed the highest levels of EP2...
  30. ncbi CYP2C8- and CYP3A-mediated C-demethylation of (3-{[(4-tert-butylbenzyl)-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-amino]-methyl}-phenoxy)-acetic acid (CP-533,536), an EP2 receptor-selective prostaglandin E2 agonist: characterization of metabolites by high-resolution liquid c
    Chandra Prakash
    Department of Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
    Drug Metab Dispos 36:2093-103. 2008
    CP-533,536, (3-{[(4-tert-butyl-benzyl)-(pyridine-3-sulfonyl)-amino]-methyl}-phenoxy)-acetic acid (1), an EP2 receptor-selective prostaglandin E2 agonist, is being developed to aid in the healing of bone fractures...
  31. ncbi In vitro characterization of prostanoid receptors on human myometrium at term pregnancy
    J Senior
    Postgraduate Studies in Pharmacology, University of Bradford
    Br J Pharmacol 108:501-6. 1993
    ..The EP2/EP3-receptor agonists, rioprostil and misoprostol, produced similar effects to PGE2, however, the excitatory event ..
  32. ncbi Characterization of EP-receptor subtypes involved in allodynia and hyperalgesia induced by intrathecal administration of prostaglandin E2 to mice
    T Minami
    Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
    Br J Pharmacol 112:735-40. 1994
    ..3. 17-Phenyl-omega-trinor PGE2 (EP1 > EP3) and 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (EP1 = EP2 = EP3) were as potent as PGE2 in inducing allodynia, and more potent than sulprostone...
  33. ncbi An investigation of the effect of the prostaglandin EP2 receptor agonist, butaprost, on the human isolated myometrium from pregnant and non-pregnant women
    N Duckworth
    School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
    J Endocrinol 172:263-9. 2002
    ..and the stable thromboxane receptor mimetic, U46619, on human myometrium treated with the prostaglandin E receptor (EP2) agonist, butaprost (selective for the EP2 receptor)...
  34. ncbi Expression of eicosanoid receptors subtypes and eosinophilic inflammation: implication on chronic rhinosinusitis
    Claudina Angela Perez-Novo
    Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 85, Ghent, Belgium
    Respir Res 7:75. 2006
    ..We aimed with this study to investigate the tissue expression of leukotrienes and prostaglandin E2 receptors in chronic rhinosinusitis patients and the link of this regulation with eosinophilic inflammation...
  35. ncbi PGE2 signal via EP2 receptors evoked by a selective agonist enhances regeneration of injured articular cartilage
    S Otsuka
    Department of Tissue Regeneration, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
    Osteoarthritis Cartilage 17:529-38. 2009
    The effect of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signal through prostaglandin E receptor 2 (EP2) receptors on the repair of injured articular cartilage was investigated using a selective agonist for EP2.
  36. ncbi Role of prostaglandin E receptor subtypes EP2 and EP4 in autocrine and paracrine functions of vascular endothelial growth factor in the inner ear
    Ryusuke Hori
    Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kawaharacho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo ku, 606 8507 Kyoto, Japan
    BMC Neurosci 11:35. 2010
    ..of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are mediated by the prostaglandin E receptor subtypes EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, and the respective agonists have been purified...
  37. ncbi Acceleration of intestinal polyposis through prostaglandin receptor EP2 in Apc(Delta 716) knockout mice
    M Sonoshita
    Laboratory of Biomedical Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
    Nat Med 7:1048-51. 2001
    ..Here we show that homozygous deletion of the gene encoding a cell-surface receptor of PGE(2), EP2, causes decreases in number and size of intestinal polyps in Apc(Delta 716) mice (a mouse model for human familial ..
  38. ncbi Extracellular signal-regulated kinase-regulated microglia-neuron signaling by prostaglandin E2 contributes to pain after spinal cord injury
    Peng Zhao
    Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
    J Neurosci 27:2357-68. 2007
    ..regulator of PGE2 release, to microglial cells and a neuronal localization of the PGE2 receptor E-prostanoid 2 (EP2)...
  39. ncbi The effect of estradiol on COX-2, EP2, and EP4 mRNA expression and the extracellular matrix in the cervix of the hypogonadotrophic, ovariectomized ewe
    C M Kershaw-Young
    Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
    Theriogenology 73:620-8. 2010
    ..05). In conclusion, we inferred that estradiol regulates cervical COX-2 and EP(4) mRNA expression and may regulate cervical relaxation via the synthesis of prostaglandin E(2) and activation of the PGE(2) receptors EP(2) and EP(4)...
  40. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 derived from cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 mediates intestinal epithelial ion transport stimulated by the activation of protease-activated receptor 2
    Jacques Q van der Merwe
    Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329:747-52. 2009
    ..Immunofluorescence and immunoblot analysis determined that EP2 and EP4 are expressed at the basolateral membrane of SCBN cells...
  41. ncbi Prostaglandin receptors EP2 and IP are detectable in atherosclerotic arteries and plaques
    A Muto
    Section of Vascular Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
    Int Angiol 29:43-8. 2010
    ..In particular, the PG receptors EP2 and IP stimulate vasodilation and inhibit platelet aggregation, biological processes thought to be protective ..
  42. ncbi Copresence of prostaglandin EP2 and EP3 receptors on gastric enterochromaffin-like cell carcinoid in African rodents
    Y Naribayashi-Inomoto
    Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan
    Gastroenterology 109:341-7. 1995
    ..The aim of this study was to examine the possible presence of PG receptors on the gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) carcinoid of Mastomys natalensis, which might be a useful model of normal ECL cells...
  43. ncbi A novel, non-prostanoid EP2 receptor-selective prostaglandin E2 agonist stimulates local bone formation and enhances fracture healing
    Mei Li
    Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA
    J Bone Miner Res 18:2033-42. 2003
    CP-533,536, a newly discovered, non-prostanoid EP2 receptor-selective PGE2 agonist, stimulates local bone formation and enhances fracture healing in rat models.
  44. ncbi Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, inhibits melanoma cancer cell migration by reducing the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E₂ and prostaglandin E₂ receptors
    Tripti Singh
    Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
    Carcinogenesis 32:86-92. 2011
    ..of these cells, which was associated with a reduction in the levels of COX-2, PGE₂ and PGE₂ receptors (EP2 and EP4)...
  45. ncbi Stimulation of cannabinoid (CB1) and prostanoid (EP2) receptors opens BKCa channels and relaxes ocular trabecular meshwork
    Friederike Stumpff
    Department of Veterinary Physiology, Free University of Berlin, Germany
    Exp Eye Res 80:697-708. 2005
    ..The effect of the prostanoid AH13205 (EP2), the thromboxane-mimetic U46619, the cannabinoid (CB) agonists WIN55212-2 and CP 55,940, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and 8-..
  46. ncbi EP1- and EP3-receptors mediate prostaglandin E2-induced constriction of porcine large cerebral arteries
    Vikram Jadhav
    Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois 62794 9629, USA
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 24:1305-16. 2004
    ..trinor PGE2 (17-PGE2), sulprostone (EP1/EP3 receptor agonists), and 11-deoxy-16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (11-PGE2, an EP2/EP3-receptor agonist) induced exclusive constriction, which was not affected by endothelium denudation or cold-..
  47. ncbi Potential sites of prostaglandin actions in the periimplantation mouse uterus: differential expression and regulation of prostaglandin receptor genes
    Z M Yang
    Department of Physiology, Ralph L Smith Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160 7336, USA
    Biol Reprod 56:368-79. 1997
    ..PGE2 receptors are classified into four subtypes, EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4...
  48. ncbi Facilitation by endogenous prostaglandins of capsaicin-induced gastric protection in rodents through EP2 and IP receptors
    Koji Takeuchi
    Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 304:1055-62. 2003
    ..Although neither butaprost (EP2), ONO-NT-012 (EP3), nor 11-deoxy PGE1 (EP4) alone had any effect on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions, only ..
  49. ncbi The prostaglandin receptor EP2 activates multiple signaling pathways and beta-arrestin1 complex formation during mouse skin papilloma development
    Kyung Soo Chun
    Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
    Carcinogenesis 30:1620-7. 2009
    ..To investigate PGE(2)'s roles, the contributions of one of its receptors, EP2, were studied using the mouse skin initiation/promotion model...
  50. ncbi EP2 receptor mediates PGE2-induced cystogenesis of human renal epithelial cells
    Gerard Elberg
    Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 N E 13th St, 2B2309, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
    Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F1622-32. 2007
    ..Biochemical evidence gathered by using real-time RT-PCR mRNA analysis and immunodetection indicate the presence of EP2 receptor in cystic epithelial cells in ADPKD kidney...
  51. ncbi Impaired bone resorption to prostaglandin E2 in prostaglandin E receptor EP4-knockout mice
    C Miyaura
    Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1 5 8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa ku, Tokyo 142 8555, Japan
    J Biol Chem 275:19819-23. 2000
    ..and then identified PGE receptor subtype(s) mediating this PGE(2) action using mice lacking each subtype (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) of PGE receptor...
  52. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung correlates with p16INK4A methylation and an unfavorable prognosis
    Mohamed Alaa
    Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
    Int J Oncol 34:805-12. 2009
    ..In this study, we examined the correlation between PGE2 receptor 2 (EP2) expression and p16INK4A methylation in NSCLC, and the association with clinicopathological features and prognostic ..
  53. ncbi Stimulatory (EP1 and EP3) and inhibitory (EP2) prostaglandin E2 receptors in isolated ileal smooth muscle cells
    A Botella
    Department of Pharmacology, INRA, Toulouse, France
    Eur J Pharmacol 237:131-7. 1993
    ..to study the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and three PGE2 receptor (EP) agonists; iloprost (EP1), butaprost (EP2) and enprostil (EP3). In pig cells, PGE2 and enprostil induced cell contraction (22.1 and 21...
  54. ncbi A cluster of aromatic amino acids in the i2 loop plays a key role for Gs coupling in prostaglandin EP2 and EP3 receptors
    Yukihiko Sugimoto
    Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo ku, Kyoto 606 8501, Japan
    J Biol Chem 279:11016-26. 2004
    To assess the structural requirements for G(s) coupling by prostaglandin E receptors (EPs), the G(s)-coupled EP2 and G(i)-coupled EP3beta receptors were used to generate hybrid receptors...
  55. ncbi 'Distinct cellular localization' of the messenger ribonucleic acid for prostaglandin E receptor subtypes in the mouse uterus during pseudopregnancy
    M Katsuyama
    Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
    Endocrinology 138:344-50. 1997
    ..uterine actions of PGE2, expression patterns of the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for four subtypes of PGE receptors, EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, were investigated in the mouse uterus during pseudopregnancy...
  56. ncbi Potent contractile actions of prostanoid EP3-receptor agonists on human isolated pulmonary artery
    Y M Qian
    Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories
    Br J Pharmacol 113:369-74. 1994
    ..Phenylephrine-induced tone was also inhibited by PGE2 (EC50 = 5-20 nM), 11-deoxy PGE1 and butaprost (a selective EP2-receptor agonist); the latter prostanoids were about 2 and 4 times less potent than PGE2 respectively...
  57. ncbi A novel inhibitory prostanoid receptor in piglet saphenous vein
    R A Coleman
    Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Pharmacology, Glaxo Group Research Ltd, Ware, Herts
    Prostaglandins 47:151-68. 1994
    ..The selective synthetic EP-agonists, sulprostone (EP1/EP3) and AH13205X (EP2), were next tested for relaxant activity...
  58. ncbi Phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 and stimulation of T-cell factor signaling following activation of EP2 and EP4 prostanoid receptors by prostaglandin E2
    Hiromichi Fujino
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 0207, USA
    J Biol Chem 277:2614-9. 2002
    ..This is the first indication of a fundamental difference in the signaling potential of EP(2) and EP(4) prostanoid receptors...
  59. ncbi A comparative study of the prostanoid receptor profile of 9 alpha 11 beta-prostaglandin F2 and prostaglandin D2
    H Giles
    Analytical Pharmacology Group, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent
    Br J Pharmacol 104:541-9. 1991
    ..tissues; the lack of selective antagonists for each receptor means that conclusions regarding efficacy at FP and EP2 receptors must remain provisional. 2...
  60. ncbi Prostanoid receptor 2 signaling protects T helper 2 cells from BALB/c mice against activation-induced cell death
    Vandana Kaul
    Immunology Group, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
    J Biol Chem 287:25434-9. 2012
    ..inhibits activation-induced cell death of Th2 cells by signaling through its receptor E-prostanoid receptor 2 (EP2). Consequently, Th2 cells derived from BALB/c mice expressed very high levels of EP2...
  61. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 stimulates cystogenesis through EP4 receptor in IMCD-3 cells
    Dorit Elberg
    Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nephrology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 98:11-6. 2012
    ..we demonstrated that prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) induced cAMP and cyst formation through PGE(2) receptor-2 (EP2) activity in human autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) epithelial cells...
  62. ncbi Green tea catechins reduce invasive potential of human melanoma cells by targeting COX-2, PGE2 receptors and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
    Tripti Singh
    Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
    PLoS ONE 6:e25224. 2011
    ..associated with a reduction in the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, prostaglandin (PG) E(2) and PGE(2) receptors (EP2 and EP4). Treatment of cells with celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, also inhibited melanoma cell migration...
  63. ncbi PGE(2) receptor EP1 renders dopaminergic neurons selectively vulnerable to low-level oxidative stress and direct PGE(2) neurotoxicity
    Emilce Carrasco
    Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, USA
    J Neurosci Res 85:3109-17. 2007
    ..We postulated that this loss was mediated by PGE(2) acting through its receptors, EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4...
  64. ncbi Six novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms in SPAG11 gene and their association with sperm quality traits in Chinese Holstein bulls
    Xinyan Liu
    Laboratory of Dairy Cattle Reproduction, Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, PR China
    Anim Reprod Sci 129:14-21. 2011
    Sperm-associated antigen 11 (SPAG11) is predominant in the male reproductive tract. Similar to β-defensin, aside from its antibacterial activity, SPAG11 also has an important role in male reproductive function...
  65. ncbi Prostaglandin E₂ inhibits human lung fibroblast chemotaxis through disparate actions on different E-prostanoid receptors
    Ying Ji Li
    Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
    Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 44:99-107. 2011
    ..many fibroblast functions including chemotaxis, was reported to be mediated by the E-prostanoid (EP) receptor EP2. PGE(2), however, can act on four receptors...
  66. ncbi Common polymorphisms of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 receptor and increased risk for acute coronary syndrome in coronary artery disease
    Wojciech Szczeklik
    Jagiellonian University, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, ul Skawinska 8, 31 066 Krakow, Poland
    Thromb Haemost 100:893-8. 2008
    ..We assessed two common genetic polymorphisms: of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (COX2.8473, rs5275) and prostaglandin EP2 receptor gene (uS5, rs708494) in patients with CAD...
  67. ncbi The PGE2-induced inhibition of the PLD activation pathway stimulated by fMLP in human neutrophils is mediated by PKA at the PI3-Kgamma level
    Chantal Burelout
    Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Département d Anatomie Physiologie, Quebec, Canada
    Biochem Pharmacol 74:730-41. 2007
    ..This effect is mediated via the EP2 receptors known to raise cAMP in cells...
  68. ncbi Prostaglandin receptor EP2 protects dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA-mediated low oxidative stress
    Emilce Carrasco
    Department of Neurosurgery, Montefiore Medical Center, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
    Neurosci Lett 441:44-9. 2008
    ..Recent findings implicate prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and two of its four receptors, namely EP1 and EP2, as mediators of degenerative and protective events in situations of acute and chronic neuronal death...
  69. ncbi E series of prostaglandin receptor 2-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase/activator protein-1 signaling is required for the mitogenic action of prostaglandin E2 in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma
    Le Yu
    Department of Pharmacology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 327:258-67. 2008
    ..In this regard, PGE(2) and the EP2 receptor agonist (+/-)-15-deoxy-16S-hydroxy-17-cyclobutyl PGE(1) methyl ester (butaprost) markedly increased HKESC-..
  70. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 induces vascular endothelial growth factor secretion in prostate cancer cells through EP2 receptor-mediated cAMP pathway
    Xingya Wang
    The Ohio State University, Department of Human Nutrition and the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, Campbell Hall, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
    Mol Carcinog 46:912-23. 2007
    ..qRT-PCR analysis revealed that PC-3 cells express a substantially higher level of EP2 and moderately higher EP4 than DU145 and LNCaP cells. LNCaP cells had virtually no detectable EP2 mRNA...
  71. ncbi Time related changes in luteal prostaglandin synthesis and steroidogenic capacity during pregnancy, normal and antiprogestin induced luteolysis in the bitch
    Mariusz Pawel Kowalewski
    Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology und Andrology of Large and Small Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
    Anim Reprod Sci 116:129-38. 2009
    ..cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2), prostaglandin E2 synthase (PGES), prostaglandin F2alpha synthase (PGFS), its receptors (EP2, EP4 an FP), the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), 3beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase (3betaHSD) and ..
  72. ncbi Selective activation of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype EP2 or EP4 leads to inhibition of platelet aggregation
    Shuhko Kuriyama
    Department of Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan
    Thromb Haemost 104:796-803. 2010
    The effect of selective activation of platelet prostaglandin (PG) E2 receptor subtype EP2 or EP4 on platelet aggregation remains to be determined...
  73. ncbi Stimulation of prostaglandin EP2 receptors on RGC-5 cells in culture blunts the negative effect of serum withdrawal
    Kui Dong Kang
    Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Oxford, Headley Way, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
    Neurochem Res 35:820-9. 2010
    ..Experiments were designed to investigate the effect of EP2 receptor agonist butaprost on transformed retinal ganglion (RGC-5) cells where reduced neurotrophic support was ..
  74. ncbi EP1(-/-) mice have enhanced osteoblast differentiation and accelerated fracture repair
    Minjie Zhang
    Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
    J Bone Miner Res 26:792-802. 2011
    ..It has four different receptor subtypes (EP1 through EP4), each of which exerts different effects in bone. EP2 and EP4 induce bone formation through the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway, whereas EP3 inhibits bone formation in ..
  75. ncbi Anti-inflammatory role of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in a model of neuroinflammation
    Christian Brenneis
    Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, ZAFES, Hospital of the Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
    J Biol Chem 286:2331-42. 2011
    ..In vivo, spinal EP2 receptors were up-regulated in microglia in response to intrathecally injected LPS...
  76. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 release from astrocytes triggers gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron firing via EP2 receptor activation
    Jérôme Clasadonte
    Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Jean Pierre Aubert Research Center, U837, Development and Plasticity of the Postnatal Brain, F 59000 Lille, France
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:16104-9. 2011
    ..These effects are mimicked by an EP2 receptor agonist and attenuated by protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors...
  77. ncbi EP2 receptor mediated cAMP release is augmented by PGF 2 alpha activation of the FP receptor via the calcium-calmodulin pathway
    A B Abera
    MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The Queen s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
    Cell Signal 22:71-9. 2010
    ..that influences intracellular signaling and gene expression profiling in response to co-activation of the EP2 and FP prostanoid receptors in Ishikawa cells stably expressing both receptors (FPEP2 cells)...
  78. ncbi A systemically administered EP2 receptor agonist stimulates pulmonary angiogenesis in a murine model of emphysema
    Takao Tsuji
    First Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women s Medical University, 8 1 Kawada cho, Shinjuku ku, Tokyo 162 8666, Japan
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 90:85-8. 2009
    We investigated whether systemically administered EP2 receptor agonists would stimulate angiogenesis in the emphysematous lungs of mice...
  79. ncbi Expression of cyclooxygenase-1/-2, microsomal prostaglandin-E synthase-1 and E-prostanoid receptor 2 and regulation of inflammatory mediators by PGE(2) in the amoeboid microglia in hypoxic postnatal rats and murine BV-2 cells
    P Li
    Department of Histology and Embryology, Kunming Medical College, 191 West Renmin Road, PR China
    Neuroscience 164:948-62. 2009
    ..COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin-E synthase (mPGES-1), E-prostanoid receptor 2 (EP2) in microglia; and the roles of EP2-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway in the prostaglandin E(..
  80. ncbi The localization of PGE2 receptor subtypes in rat retinal cultures and the neuroprotective effect of the EP2 agonist butaprost
    Belmira Lara da Silveira Andrade da Costa
    Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas CCB, CCB UFPE, Av Prof Moraes Rego s n, Cidade Universitaria, 50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil
    Neurochem Int 55:199-207. 2009
    It is concluded from immunohistochemical that all four types of prostaglandin-E(2) (PGE(2)) (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) receptors are associated with specific cell-types in primary rat retinal cultures...
  81. ncbi Prostaglandin EP2 and EP4 receptor agonists in bone formation and bone healing: In vivo and in vitro evidence
    Simon Graham
    Leeds Teaching Hospital, Academic Orthopaedic Unit, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds, UK
    Expert Opin Investig Drugs 18:746-66. 2009
    ....
  82. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 regulates Th17 cell differentiation and function through cyclic AMP and EP2/EP4 receptor signaling
    Katia Boniface
    Department of Immunology, Schering Plough Biopharma, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
    J Exp Med 206:535-48. 2009
    ..In human purified naive T cells, PGE2 acts via prostaglandin receptor EP2- and EP4-mediated signaling and cyclic AMP pathways to up-regulate IL-23 and IL-1 receptor expression...
  83. ncbi Expression of prostaglandin PGE2 receptors under conditions of aging and stress and the protective effect of the EP2 agonist butaprost on retinal ischemia
    Neville N Osborne
    Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50:3238-48. 2009
    ..different prostaglandin E(2) receptors in rat retinas of varying age, deduce how they are affected by acute stress insult, and determine whether the negative effect of ischemia/reperfusion is attenuated by the EP2 agonist butaprost.
  84. ncbi A role for COX2-derived PGE2 and PGE2-receptor subtypes in head and neck squamous carcinoma cell proliferation
    Aline Correa Abrahao
    Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Lineu Prestes, 2227, Sao Paulo, SP 05509 000, Brazil
    Oral Oncol 46:880-7. 2010
    ..pro-inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which acts on its cell surface G protein-coupled receptors EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4. Here, we investigated the role of PGE2 and its receptors in cellular proliferation in HNSCC...
  85. ncbi Early pregnancy induced expression of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 in the ovine endometrium and regulated by interferon tau through multiple cell signaling pathways
    Jehoon Lee
    Reproductive Endocrinology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
    Mol Cell Endocrinol 348:211-23. 2012
    ..The objectives of the study were to: (i) determine regulation of PGE2 receptors EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 in the endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy; and (ii) understand endometrial ..
  86. ncbi Piracy of prostaglandin E2/EP receptor-mediated signaling by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (HHV-8) for latency gene expression: strategy of a successful pathogen
    Arun George Paul
    HM Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, USA
    Cancer Res 70:3697-708. 2010
    ..Microsomal PGE2 synthase, PGE2, and its receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) were detected in KS lesions with the distinct staining of EP2/EP4 in KS lesions...
  87. ncbi HIV-EP2, a new member of the gene family encoding the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer-binding protein. Comparison with HIV-EP1/PRDII-BF1/MBP-1
    N Nomura
    Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Kanagawa, Japan
    J Biol Chem 266:8590-4. 1991
    ..a new member of a HIV-EP1 family that is expressed at a high level in T cells, we have isolated cDNA clones of HIV-EP2 by cross-hybridization with HIV-EP1 cDNA...
  88. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 mediates growth arrest in NFS-60 cells by down-regulating interleukin-6 receptor expression
    Kumudika I de Silva
    Burn and Shock Trauma Institute, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
    Biochem J 370:315-21. 2003
    ..PGE2 appears to signal through EP2 receptors. Butaprost (EP2 agonist) but not sulprostone (EP3 agonist) inhibited IL-6-stimulated proliferation...
  89. ncbi Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis are up-regulated in carcinomas of the cervix: a possible autocrine/paracrine regulation of neoplastic cell function via EP2/EP4 receptors
    K J Sales
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Cape Town Medical School, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:2243-9. 2001
    ..effect in cervical carcinomas, we investigated the expression of two subtypes of PGE(2) receptors, namely EP2 and EP4, by real-time quantitative RT-PCR...
  90. ncbi Prostaglandin receptor EP2 mediates PGE2 stimulated hypercalcemia in mice in vivo
    Xiaodong Li
    Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030, USA
    Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 67:173-80. 2002
    Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) can stimulate bone resorption by a cyclic AMP-dependent pathway. Two PGE2 receptors, EP2 and EP4 have been shown to play a role in PGE2 stimulation of osteoclast formation...
  91. ncbi Differential mRNA expression of prostaglandin receptor subtypes in macrophage activation
    N E Hubbard
    Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, School of Medicine, Davis 95616 8643, USA
    Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 65:287-94. 2001
    ..RAW 264.7 macrophages constitutively expressed mRNA for EP2,EP3 and EP4 receptor subtypes...
  92. ncbi Binary regulation of interleukin (IL)-6 production by EP1 and EP2/EP4 subtypes of PGE2 receptors in IL-1beta-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts
    Kazuyuki Noguchi
    Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
    J Periodontal Res 37:29-36. 2002
    Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) exerts its biological actions via EP receptors, which are divided into four subtypes of EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4...
  93. ncbi Arrestin specificity for G protein-coupled receptors in human airway smooth muscle
    R B Penn
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
    J Biol Chem 276:32648-56. 2001
    ..The pharmacological profile of various selective EP receptor ligands suggested a predominantly EP2 receptor population in HASM...
  94. ncbi Cyclooxygenase-2-dependent prostaglandin E2 down-regulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression via EP2/EP4 receptors in interleukin-1beta-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts
    K Noguchi
    Periodontology, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
    J Dent Res 79:1955-61. 2000
    Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which exerts its actions via EP receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4), is a bioactive metabolite of arachidonic acid produced by cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and/or COX-2...
  95. ncbi Fatty acids and immune responses--a new perspective in searching for clues to mechanism
    D Hwang
    Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
    Annu Rev Nutr 20:431-56. 2000
    ..PGs exert their biological effects through their cognate receptors. There are four subtypes of PGE receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) so far identified...
  96. ncbi In vivo increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin in Escherichia coli associated with deletion of the C-terminal part of MarR
    H J Linde
    Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44:1865-8. 2000
    We recovered two isolates (EP1 and EP2) of Escherichia coli from the same patient that had identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns but required different MICs of ciprofloxacin (CIP): 16 and 256 mg/liter for EP1 and EP2, ..
  97. ncbi HE2beta and HE2gamma, new members of an epididymis-specific family of androgen-regulated proteins in the human
    K G Hamil
    Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599 7500, USA
    Endocrinology 141:1245-53. 2000
    b>HE2 is an epididymis-specific sperm-binding secretory protein. We isolated a family of HE2-related complementary DNAs from a human caput/corpus library...
  98. ncbi Prostaglandin E2 receptors of the EP2 and EP4 subtypes downregulate tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in human gingival fibroblasts
    K Noguchi
    Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
    J Periodontal Res 34:478-85. 1999
    Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) exerts its biological actions via EP receptors, which are divided into 4 subtypes of EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4...
  99. ncbi HE2/EP2, an androgen-dependent protein from the epididymis of the chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes
    L G Young
    Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
    J Reprod Fertil Suppl 53:215-20. 1998
    ..A cDNA clone of chimpanzee EP2 was obtained from epididymal RNA by RT-PCR and was sequenced. Chimpanzee EP2 and human HE2 cDNA were > 99% identical and the proteins were 100% identical...
  100. ncbi Salt-sensitive hypertension and reduced fertility in mice lacking the prostaglandin EP2 receptor
    C R Kennedy
    Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 2372, USA
    Nat Med 5:217-20. 1999
    ..To evaluate the physiologic role of the PGE2 EP2 receptor subtype, we created mice with targeted disruption of this gene (EP2-/-)...
  101. ncbi Characterization of the gene for the mouse prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP2: tissue-specific initiation of transcription in the macrophage and the uterus
    M Katsuyama
    Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan
    Biochem J 330:1115-21. 1998
    Genomic DNA clones for the mouse prostaglandin (PG) E receptor subtype EP2 were isolated and characterized. The mouse EP2 gene is composed of 2 exons and 1 intron, and spans 16 kb. The intron which is approx...

Research Grants93

  1. CYCLOOXYGENASE AND TUMORIGENESIS
    Daniel Hwang; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..cells as compared with normal cells and to identify downstream signaling pathways of prostaglandin E receptor (Ep2)...
  2. IL-1nduced Mediators of CNS Inflammation and AD: PGE
    MICHAEL O BANION; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..the influence of IL-1a on cell and tissue responses to PGE2, initially focusing on regulation and actions of the EP2 subtype of PGE2 receptor...
  3. Prostanoid modulators that reduce brain injury and inflammation after seizures
    Raymond Dingledine; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..deficits? Which cell type(s) release PGE2 and PGD2? We will test the specific hypotheses that an allosteric EP2 receptor activator is neuroprotective after pilocarpine-induced SE, and a DP2 receptor blocker blunts the ..
  4. REGULATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN RECEPTORS IN MYOMETRIUM
    Leslie Myatt; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..1) to study mRNA and protein expression and localization for contractile FPI, EP1, EP3, and TP and relaxatory IP, EP2, and EP4 receptors in pregnant rat myometrium (day 16 to one day postpartum) and in pregnant animals with hormonal ..
  5. EICOSANOIDS AND LUNG MACROPHAGE ANTIMICROBIAL MECHANISMS
    MARC L PETERS GOLDEN; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..1 [BLT1]) and LTD4 (via cysteinyl LT receptor 1 [cysLT1]) promote, while PGE2 (via E prostanoid receptors 2 and 4 [EP2 and EP4]) inhibits, AM capacity for phagocytosis and killing of IgG-opsonized microbes...
  6. EICOSANOIDS AND LUNG MACROPHAGE ANTIMICROBIAL MECHANISMS
    Marc Peters Golden; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..1 [BLT1]) and LTD4 (via cysteinyl LT receptor 1 [cysLT1]) promote, while PGE2 (via E prostanoid receptors 2 and 4 [EP2 and EP4]) inhibits, AM capacity for phagocytosis and killing of IgG-opsonized microbes...
  7. Astatine 211 & Radioiodine Labeled Octreotide Conjugates
    Michael Zalutsky; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..Our specific aims are: 1) To synthesizL he2' 'At-labeled octreotide analogues [N-(3-[211 At]astatobenzoyl)-D-phe1]octreotide and 5[211 'At]astato-nicotinoylD-..
  8. ALPHA 2 AND PROSTAGLANDIN RECEPTORS IN EYE
    John Regan; Fiscal Year: 2001
    ..In fact, following heterologous expression of aquaporin-1 and prostaglandin EP2 receptors in Xenopus oocytes we can show PGE2-activation of a cationic conductance by aquaporin-1...
  9. CYCLOOXYGENASE AND PGE2 RECEPTOR FUNCTION IN SKIN CANCER
    Alice Pentland; Fiscal Year: 2004
    ..Our preliminary work demonstrates that primary human keratinocytes express both growth-stipulatory (EP2) and growth- inhibitory (EP3) receptors for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in significant amounts...
  10. FACTORS INFLUENCING BONE METABOLISM
    Lawrence Raisz; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..Our studies will focus on the role of EP2 and EP4 receptors (EP2R and EP4R)...
  11. Chemopreventive effect of fish oil derived EPA in lung cancer
    Peiying Yang; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..using the urethane-induced mouse lung cancer model with or without expression of EP receptor, particularly EP2 and EP4 receptors, will be further studied...
  12. MOLECULAR BASIS OF PRECONDITIONING
    Roberto Bolli; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..will be systematically interrogated by targeted genetic disruption of all known prostaglandin receptors (DP, EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4, F, and IP receptors)...
  13. MOLECULAR BASIS OF PRECONDITIONING
    Yiru Guo; Fiscal Year: 2005
    ..will be systematically interrogated by targeted genetic disruption of all known prostaglandin receptors (DP, EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4, F, and IP receptors)...
  14. Role of Prostaglandin Receptors in Stroke
    SYLVAIN DORE; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..our current working hypothesis is that PGE2 EP1 and EP3 receptors would promote ICH acute injury, whereas EP2 and EP4 receptors would promote neuroprotection after ICH...
  15. Role of prostaglandin receptors in cerebral ischemia
    SYLVAIN DORE; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..are mediated through a diverse class of G-protein coupled receptors that can have opposing effects on cAMP (such as EP2, EP4, DP1) may promote neuroprotection; whereas, receptor subtypes that either decrease cAMP and signal through ..
  16. MECHANISMS OF ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS IN ENDOMETRIOSIS
    Serdar Bulun; Fiscal Year: 2002
    ..directed by promoter II and aromatase activity in endometriotic stromal cells are induced strikingly by PGE2 via EP2 receptors or by cAMP analogs; (iii) differential binding of stimulatory (SF-1) and inhibitory (COUP-TFs) ..
  17. Mouse Models of Eosinophil-Associated Lung Dysfunction
    Nancy A Lee; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..e., degranulation)). These limitations have led us to create an allergen- naive double transgenic mouse (I5/hE2) that expresses IL-5 systemically from mature T cells and eotaxin-2 locally from lung epithelial cells...
  18. Mouse Models of Eosinophil-Associated Lung Dysfunction
    Nancy Lee; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..e., degranulation)). These limitations have led us to create an allergen- naive double transgenic mouse (I5/hE2) that expresses IL-5 systemically from mature T cells and eotaxin-2 locally from lung epithelial cells...
  19. PROSTAGLANDINS AND GASTROINTESTINAL DNA DAMAGE
    Courtney Houchen; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..The EP receptors are encoded by four separate genes (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4). These receptors differ in their ligand binding specificity and in down stream signaling pathways...
  20. Adenylyl cyclases in airway and GI smooth muscle
    Rennolds S Ostrom; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..cAMP formation and relaxation but not increased basal cAMP levels or response to activation of prostaglandin EP2 receptors...
  21. Cyclooxygenase-2 Induced Pancreatic Cancer
    Susan M Fischer; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..The major prostaglandin (PG) product, PGE2, binds to one or more of the 4 EP receptors. EP2 and EP4 are linked to adenylate cyclase causing an increase in cAMP and subsequent activation of protein kinase A (..
  22. Adenylyl cyclases in airway and GI smooth muscle
    RENNOLDS OSTROM; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..cAMP formation and relaxation but not increased basal cAMP levels or response to activation of prostaglandin EP2 receptors...
  23. ROLE OF PGE2 RECEPTORS EP2 AND EP3 ON SENESCENCE
    Raymond Konger; Fiscal Year: 2004
    Growth stimulation by EP2 receptors is dependent on ligand- dependent activation of adenylate cyclase, with elevation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)...
  24. OCULAR INFLAMMATION--CHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
    CHRISTOPHER PATERSON; Fiscal Year: 1999
    ..eicosanoid synthesis) evoke up-regulation of specific receptors in cultured human non-pigmented epithelial cells (EP2, EP4 receptors) and cultured human ciliary muscle cells (Ep1, Ep2, F2alpha receptors)...
  25. Anticholinesterase Neurotoxicity is Mediated by Oxidative Injury
    Dejan Milatovic; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..We propose to test hypothesis that increased PGE2 is a regulator of cerebral oxidative damage by signaling through EP2 and EP3 receptors...
  26. PGE2 in the Pathogenesis of Allergic Airway Disease
    Beverly Koller; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..we showed that activation of the EP1 and EP3 receptors by PGE2 leads to airway obstruction, while activation of the EP2 receptor protected against methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction...
  27. Eicosanoid Balance in Lung Transplant Injury and Repair
    David Pinsky; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..balance in BO development following second hit (ischemic, viral) injury, use genetic (COX, prostanoid receptor [EP2], and 5-LO deficient) and pharmacologic (COX and 5-LO inhibitor, LT receptor antagonist) strategies...
  28. Eicosanoid Balance in Lung Transplant Injury and Repair
    David Pinsky; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..balance in BO development following second hit (ischemic, viral) injury, use genetic (COX, prostanoid receptor [EP2], and 5-LO deficient) and pharmacologic (COX and 5-LO inhibitor, LT receptor antagonist) strategies...