MYF6

..05), but MyoD protein and mRNA levels were not changed. MRF4 levels were not affected by ageing in either muscle...

..macrurus genome and our Southern blot analyses revealed a single MyoD, myogenin, myf5 and MRF4 gene. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that muscle and EO transcribe all MRF genes...

..requires the ordered expression of specific myogenic regulatory factors, which include MyoD, Myf5, myogenin, and MRF4. The MyoD and Mrf5 factors are required for the determination of myoblasts, whereas myogenin and MRF4 play a ..

..In contrast to somites in wild-type embryos, no expression of myogenin and Myf-6 (MRF4), or any other myotomal markers was detected in mutant animals at E9.0 and E10...

..muscle development in the vertebrate embryo critically depends on the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) including MRF4 and Myf5...

Four myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs); MyoD, Myf-5, MRF4 and Myogenin direct muscle tissue differentiation...

..Expression of MRF4 mRNA appeared earlier in the tongue (E13) than in the hind-limb muscle (E15) and increased in both muscles after ..

..Electrocytes express the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) MyoD, myogenin, Myf5 and MRF4 despite their incomplete muscle phenotype. Although S...

We have isolated cDNAs encoding a chicken homologue of MRF4 (cMRF4) in addition to chicken MyoD (CMD1) and myogenin (c-myogenin) described previously...

..is controlled by a transcriptional cascade that includes the four myogenic regulatory factors Myf5, Myogenin, MRF4 and MyoD...

..are those encoding the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs; MyoD, Myf5, myogenin and MRF4) and Pax3, a paired-type homeobox gene that is critical for the development of limb musculature...

..between Six and Eya genes, but corresponding proteins activate key muscle determination genes (Myod, Myogenin and Mrf4)...

The myogenic basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes - MyoD, Myf5, myogenin and MRF4 - exhibit distinct, but overlapping expression patterns during development of the skeletal muscle lineage and loss-of-function mutations in these genes ..

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..we have studied the expression of genes encoding the myogenic regulatory factors Myf5, MyoD, Myogenin, and MRF4 (Myf6, herculin) in cultured mouse muscle cells (inducible and permissive C2 cells and Sol8 cells)...

The myogenic basic Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factors, including Myf5, MyoD, myogenin (myg) and MRF4, play important roles in skeletal muscle development...

..To examine MRF function and regulation in somites, we generated myogenin promoter-MRF4 transgenic mice in which MRF4 was expressed in rostral somites about a half day earlier than normal...

..This study was designed to observe the effects of fusion gene PAX3-FKHR transfection on expression of MRF4 and differentiation of cultured human rhabdomyosarcoma RD cells.

..MyoD appears to be activated well after Myf5, myogenin and MRF4 in the early myotome, whereas, in limb bud muscles, the presence of all four of these mRNAs is concomitant from 6 ..

..embryonic mouse tongue through the induction of myogenic regulatory factors such as myoD, myf5, myogenin and MRF4/myf6/herculin...

..development had normal skeletal muscle, except for modest alterations in the levels of transcripts encoding Mrf4 (Myf6) and Myod1 (MyoD)...

..In an attempt to gain insight into the pathobiology of this enigmatic tumor, we performed the first genome-wide gene expression profiling study...

..These observations suggest that specific myogenic factors may be linked to the expression of individual MyHC genes and that abnormal expression of some of the factors may be associated with myotonic muscle pathology...

..knock-in allele whose activation in late embryogenesis and postnatally is targeted to terminally differentiating Myf6-expressing skeletal muscle...

..The same inhibition by E1a can be shown for the other myogenic HLH proteins, MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4/Myf-6, that have been expressed in 10T1/2 fibroblasts...

The muscle-specific transcription factors Myf5 and Mrf4 are two of the four myogenic regulatory factors involved in the transcriptional cascade responsible for skeletal myogenesis in the vertebrate embryo...

..helix-loop-helix (HLH) region of myogenin, it does not bind other HLH myogenic factors such as MyoD, Myf5, and MRF4. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicate that myogenin contacts the pol II complex and that the RPB3 subunit is ..

..myogenesis is controlled by four transcription factors known as the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs): Myf5, Mrf4, myogenin and MyoD...

..Markers of myogenic specification are myf5, myoD, mrf4 and myogenin, which encode transcription factors of the basic helix-loop-helix family...

..well as the myogenic determination factors Myf5 and MyoD and factors required for differentiation such as Myogenin, Mrf4 and Mef2 isoforms...

..05). MRF4, Myogenin, and MyoD expression paralleled that of alpha, gamma, and epsilon nAChR subunits (P < 0.05)...

..SERCA1a and SERCA1b, respectively) and those of the muscle regulatory factors (MRFs: myoD, myf-5, myogenin, MRF4) have been assessed by RT PCR in rat soleus muscles immobilized for 3 days in an extended position (passive stretch)..

..vastus lateralis were obtained before (Rest), and 1 h (+1h) and 4 h (+4h) after exercise. Myogenin, MRF4, and MyoD1 mRNA contents were determined by RT-PCR...

..Myogenin, MRF4, MyoD, IGF-IEabc (isoforms a, b, and c) and IGF-IEbc (isoform b and c) mRNA levels were determined in the vastus ..

..Among the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), MRF4 shows a biphasic expression pattern during the formation of myotomes, although its function remains unclear...

..Myogenin, Myf5, and Myf6 were expressed weakly in some immature fibers and none of the MRF's could be detected in mature muscle...

..e., Myf5, MyoD, myogenin and MRF4, showed contrasting responses. Myostatin mRNA dramatically declined by 68.1 and 82...

..we analysed reporter gene expression in a transgenic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) deletion series of the Mrf4/Myf5 locus...

..Myf-5 expressed only at early stage of the stretch group. Although mRNA and protein expressions of myogenin and MRF4 were detected both in the stretch and in the control group at 12 h after the stretching, their expressions were ..

..alpha7 promoter was trans-activated by the myogenic basic helix-loop-helix proteins myogenin and MyoD but not by MRF4 and myf5...

..is essential for robust nAChR clustering and cannot be compensated by the muscle regulatory factors MyoD, myf5, and MRF4. In addition, we show that clustering cannot be rescued in myogenin-depleted myotubes by simply overexpressing the ..

..neuron (NF+, ENO2+, and MAP2+), adipocyte (LPL+ and PPARG-D+), osteoblast (osteonectin+ and osteocalcin+), myocyte (MYF6+ and MYOD+), and endothelium (PECAM1+, CD34+, CDH5+, and NOS3+) respectively...

Three different null alleles of the myogenic bHLH gene MRF4/herculin/Myf-6 were created recently...

The muscle regulatory factor MRF4 is expressed in both embryonic and adult vertebrate skeletal muscle cells...

We have identified a rat cDNA encoding MRF4, a new member of the muscle regulatory factor gene family that includes MyoD1, myogenin, and Myf-5...

..Muscle strength and gene expression of AChR subunit (α, β, δ, γ, and ε), MyoD, Myf-5, MRF4, myogenin, p21, IGF-1, GAP43, were analyzed...

..The relevance of the actions of obestatin was confirmed in vivo by the up-regulation of Pax-7, MyoD, Myf5, Myf6, myogenin, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) in obestatin-infused rats when compared with saline-infused rats...

..cells and muscle-specific protein accumulation in somites, without interfering with the expression of MyoD and MRF4 transcription factors...

..Transcript levels of all four myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, myogenin, myf-5, and MRF4) also increased with stimulation in a pattern temporally similar with alphaBC, suggesting that expression of ..

..The gut was fullest 1-6 h after feeding and emptied within 48-96 h. IGF-I, MyoD1c, MRF4 and myf5 transcripts were sharply up-regulated within 1 h of refeeding and are promising candidate genes involved ..

..This phenomenon coincided with upregulation of mesoderm-specific genes such as Myf5, Myf6, and MyoD...

..mRNA for transcription factors MyoD, myogenin, MRF4, MEF2A, MEF2C, MEF2D, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha) were ..

..Therefore, we examined MEF2 and NFATc activity in muscles from STZ-rats. Target genes MRF4 and MCIP1.4 mRNAs were both significantly reduced, consistent with reduced Cn signaling...

The myogenic regulatory factors, Myf5 and Mrf4, play key roles in the specification and differentiation of skeletal muscle, respectively...

Mrf4 (Myf6) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) myogenic regulatory transcription factor (MRF) family, which also contains Myod, Myf5 and myogenin...

..differentiation factor (MyoD), myogenin, myostatin, myogenic factor 5 (Myf5), and muscle regulatory factor 4 (MRF4). At rest, the HRT group expressed higher levels of MyoD, myogenin, Myf5, MRF4, and follistatin (P < 0.05)...

..genetic analysis has revealed that Myf5 and MyoD are required for myogenic determination, whereas myogenin and MRF4 have roles in terminal differentiation...

..of MyoD, Myf-5 and Myogenin showed a rapid increase in the first two days post-necrosis, which were followed by MRF4 expression, when newly regenerating fibers started to appear (3-5days post-necrosis)...

..caused a significant and selective impairment of the expression of desmin and of the myogenic regulatory factors Mrf4 and MyoD...

..However, the roles of each gene in myogenesis remain unclear, owing partly to genetic linkage at the Myf5/Mrf4 locus and to rapid morphogenetic movements in the amniote somite...

..The myogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, MyoD, myogenin, Myf5, and MRF4 specify the myogenic lineage...

..7-fold for the repressor per1a. Out of 32 candidate clock-controlled genes, only myf6, igfbp3, igfbp5b, and hsf2 showed circadian expression patterns...

..Whereas Myf5 and Mrf4 are dispensable for limb muscle progenitor fate, inactivation of Myf5 and Mrf4 in Pitx2 mutants results in a ..

..Myogenic regulatory factor (MRF4) mRNA was also attenuated (P < 0.05) at 2 and 6 h postexercise in EX-FED compared with EX-FAST...

..05) of six core clock genes (Arntl, Per1, Per2, Nr1d1, Nr1d2, Dbp) and the muscle-specific transcript, Myf6. Additional genes, Ucp3, Nrip1, and Vegfa, demonstrated P values approaching significance...

..Notch and TGF-beta signalling may be important regulators of MCC proliferation and differentiation; the relatively high expression of genes such as Myf6 and VEGF-B and its receptors suggests a degree of unsuspected plasticity in PC cells.

It is known that the MyoD family members (MyoD, Myf5, myogenin, and MRF4) play a pivotal role in the complex mechanism of skeletal muscle cell differentiation...

The MyoD, Myf6 genes, which belong to the family of muscle regulatory factors (MRFs) play a major role in muscle growth and development. Therefore, they are considered as candidate genes for meat production traits in pigs...

..In this study we evaluated the expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRF), myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms, and fiber trophism in the soleus muscle of rats with myocardial infarction-induced heart failure...

..Treatment with recombinant human Nampt was found to decrease myoD and mrf4 expression but to increase myf5 expression in myocytes, while glucose uptake was unaffected...

..The prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients is largely determined by the karyotype of the malignant clone. We have investigated the gene expression profile associated with trisomy 12 (+12)...

..Myogenin and Mrf4 transcripts were generally elevated in males of 40 and 60 days of age and in female EDL of juveniles...

..Four related basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, MyoD, Myf5, Mrf4, and Myogenin, are targets of PAX3 and serve as myogenic regulatory factors...

..the transcriptional factors, the members of the myogenic regulatory family, including MyoD, Myf5, Myogenin and MRF4, play important roles regulating skeletal muscle development and growth...

..b>Myogenic factor 6 (MYF6) is the most abundantly expressed myogenic factor in adult muscle...

..and rib-less areas is first interpreted in the myotome through the regional-specific control of Myf5 and Myf6 expression...

..Fast and slow muscle fibers occur in normal proportions. The myogenic regulatory factors MyoD, Myf5, myogenin and Mrf4 and the myocyte enhancer factors Mef2A, Mef2B, Mef2C and Mef2D are expressed at normal levels...

Expression of MRF4, a myogenic regulatory factor of the basic helix-loop-helix type, produced multiple changes in the myogenic program of the BC3H-1 cell line...

The 10T1/2-MRF4 fibroblast/myogenic cell system was used to address the following interrelated questions: whether distinct signaling pathways underlie myogenic inhibition by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transforming growth ..

..E2-2, and HEB) and two groups of class B proteins, the myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs: MyoD, myogenin, Myf-5 and MRF4/Myf-6), and the hematopoietic factors (Scl/Tal-1, Tal-2, and Lyl-1) were tested in a quantitative yeast 2-hybrid ..

b>MRF4, myogenin, MyoD, and Myf-5 are the four members of the basic helix-loop-helix family of muscle-specific regulatory factors (MRFs)...

..actively synthesized DNA within the myotubes, and reduction in expression of the late muscle-specific genes MCK and MRF4. Thus, insufficient pRb results in failure of myogenesis in vivo, manifest in two ways...

..The myogenic basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) factors - MyoD, myogenin, Myf5, and MRF4 - act at multiple points in the myogenic lineage to establish myoblast identity and to control terminal ..

The myogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, Myf5, MyoD, myogenin and MRF4, play key roles in skeletal muscle development...

..The chicken Myf5 and MRF4 genes are tandemly located on a single genomic DNA fragment, and the chicken Myf5 gene is organized into at least ..

..Co-transfection of myoD, myogenin, MRF4 and Myf5, with the desmin-CAT construct into 10T-1/2 cells demonstrated that all these factors could transactivate ..

..Its inactivation diminishes the transactivation by these factors; MRF4 and Myf5, however, can still partially function, possibly by using the distal E2 box.

The myogenic basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins MyoD, myf5, myogenin, and MRF4 can initiate myogenesis when expressed in nonmuscle cells...

b>MRF4 (herculin/Myf-6) is one of the four member MyoD family of transcription factors identified by their ability to enforce skeletal muscle differentiation upon a wide variety of nonmuscle cell types...

..chain reaction method, the temporal pattern of expression of the myogenic regulatory genes (myf5, myogenin, MRF4, myo D) was quantitated in developing mouse muscle (whole embryo: 6.5 to 12...

..The results verify the nonlinkage of MYOG to MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 genes and indicate that events associated with the duplication of MYOG with respect to MYOD1, MYF5, or MYF6 loci ..

The muscle regulatory proteins Myf3, Myf4, Myf5, and Myf6 share a highly conserved DNA binding and dimerization domain consisting of a cluster of basic amino acids and a potential helix-loop-helix structure...

The muscle regulatory factors MRF4, myogenin, myf-5, and MyoD constitute a family of proteins that can function as muscle-specific transcriptional activators...

Myogenin and MRF4 are skeletal muscle-specific bHLH transcription factors critical for muscle development...

..Four members, MyoD, myogenin, myf5 and MRF4/herculin/myf6, have been identified in higher vertebrates and have been shown to exhibit distinct but overlapping functions...

..myotome, absence of Six1 and Six4 impairs the expression of the myogenic regulatory factors myogenin and Myod1, and Mrf4 expression becomes undetectable...

..Activation of RD cell differentiation by ectopic MRF4 expression enhanced RA-receptor activity and led to RA induction of differentiation...

..proteins and the skeletal muscle transcription factor myogenin, but not the related factors MyoD, myf-5 and MRF4, suggesting partial activation of the muscle programme in these cells...

..mRNAs for Muscle Regulatory Factors (MRFs) of the bHLH-family of transcription factors: MyoD, Myf5, Myogenin and MRF4. These factors are specific for developing skeletal muscle and their identification belongs to the great ..

The primary goal of this proposal is to characterize the muscle regulatory factor MRF4 and determine how it functions in establishing and maintaining stable muscle cell lineages...

..PAX3-FKHR, with an emphasis on the dysregulated Myogenin/MEF2C activity in promoting muscle specific genes such as Myf6. Studies outlined in Aims 2 and 3 will provide a molecular basis for the uncontrolled growth and differentiation ..

..PAX3-FKHR, with an emphasis on the dysregulated Myogenin/MEF2C activity in promoting muscle specific genes such as Myf6. Studies outlined in Aims 2 and 3 will provide a molecular basis for the uncontrolled growth and differentiation ..

..Previous work indicates that the myogenic basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins myogenin and MRF4 recruit other novel TFs, including both a transrepressor and a transactivator, in regulating SkM 1 expression...

..These experiments will provide information critical to molecular and genetic understanding of CD164's role in myogenesis. This research should therefore shed light on fundamental processes by which skeletal muscles develop. ..

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..This research should shed light on fundamental processes by which skeletal muscles develop and therefore advance potential strategies for improved treatment of skeletal muscle diseases. ..

..Such information may have important public health impact and could ultimately aid in the counseling of HPE mutation carriers. ..

..lean subjects. The obese women will then be reevaluated following 12% weight loss (through diet only or diet plus exercise) to examine the influence of weight-loss with or without exercise on these parameters. ..

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..Using these methods, we expect to identify newt genes that function in regulating cellular plasticity in mammalian cells. Identifying these genes would have important implication for the future of regenerative medicine. ..

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..The proposed work will provide information critical to a molecular understanding of CDO's role in myogenesis and should therefore shed light on fundamental processes by which skeletal muscles develop. ..