ERK1

..Specific inhibition of p38alpha MAP kinase or preventing the activation of ERK1/ERK2 partially reduced the production of these substances, while the combined blockade of both pathways almost ..

..ABP-280 participates in TNF-alpha signal transduction to SAPKs, in part through the binding of SEK-1...

..In this study, we monitored the activities of three members of the MAPK family (ERK1/2, JNK, p38) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and U2OS osteosarcoma cells after their exposure to a recombinant ..

..These properties define the ability of this enzyme to dephosphorylate and inactivate ERK1/2 and p38alpha, but not JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) in vivo...

..Our results link the expression of the human c-fos proto-oncogene to signal transduction pathways known to be activated before its own induction...

..MAP kinase activation of c-jun may underlie the common stimulation of this transcription factor by mitogens, growth factors and oncogenes...

..These results reveal a novel level of regulation of primate lentivirus infectivity...

..These studies demonstrate regulation of an early step in HIV-1 infection by the host cell MAPK signal transduction pathway...

Protein kinases and phosphatases regulate the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) by controlling the phosphorylation of specific residues...

The haematopoietic protein tyrosine phosphatase (HePTP) is a negative regulator of the MAP kinases Erk1, Erk2 and p38...

..assay to demonstrate that MKP-1 is able to interact selectively with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38alpha, and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) MAP kinase isoforms...

..Hence, the nucleus is a critical site for mitogenic signal termination by: (1) nuclear sequestration of p42/p44 MAPKs away from MEK, their cytoplasmic activator; and (2) dephosphorylation by specific nuclear phosphatases...

..Here we show that p42/p44 MAPK directly phosphorylates Sp1 on threonines 453 and 739 both in vitro and in vivo...

....

..These studies reveal a mechanism via which gp120 may differentially modulate the fate of activated and quiescent T cells in vivo...

..factor (KGF), induced rapid and marked activation and prompt nuclear accumulation of phospho-p38 (p-p38) and -ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), but not of JNK (p-JNK1/2), in corneal epithelial cells...

..Studies with pharmacological inhibitors revealed that cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of CREB required activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK but was largely independent of protein kinase A...

..Together, our data unveil a regulatory mechanism by which the Ras/MAPK and PI3K pathways converge on the tumor suppressor tuberin to inhibit its function...

..HIV-1, gp120, or Tat induced Erk 1/2 phosphorylation, activation of caspase-3, and apoptosis of NRVMs and CAECs; all of these were inhibited by a ..

..factors may include regulation of the duration, amplitude, and/or subcellular compartmentalization of active ERK1/2...

..in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells resulted in activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and G2/M cell cycle arrest...

b>ERK1 and ERK2 are widely involved in cell signalling. Using a recombinant approach, it has been shown that exogenous ERK2 is capable of dimerization and that preventing dimerization reduces its nuclear accumulation on stimulation...

..These results indicate that Tat exposure can lead to alterations of the BBB functions and decrease HAART efficacy in the CNS through overexpression of drug efflux transporters...

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1c (ERK1c) is an alternatively spliced form of ERK1 that is regulated differently than other ERK isoforms...

..of cell proliferation and apoptosis in 135 colorectal cancer cases: AKT and extracellular regulated kinases (ERK1/2)...

..by the rapid and transient phosphorylation of the alpha and beta subunits of the IkappaB kinase complex and of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase family members...

..gamma-irradiation (IR) exposure of MCF-7 cells resulted in extracellular signal regulated protein kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) activation and induction of G2/M arrest...

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) is frequently found constitutively activated (p-ERK1/2) in hematopoietic diseases, suggesting a role in leukemogenesis...

..Overexpression of wild type p50, p65, and C/EBPbeta stimulated CRP transcription. IL-17 stimulated p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activation, and SB203580 and PD98059 blunted IL-17-mediated NF-kappaB and C/EBP activation and CRP transcription...

..Because the increase of CG during the first trimester of pregnancy correlates with rising trophoblast motility, the hormone could be a critical regulator of the early invasion process...

..Inducible activation of ERK1/2 in mature acini elicits cell motility and disrupts epithelial architecture in a manner that is reminiscent of ..

The ERK1/2 activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a critical signaling system that mediates ligand-stimulated signals for the induction of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, involved in malignant transformation...

..This study is to determine the effects of HIV-1 Tat proteins on the barrier function and tight-junction protein expression of retinal pigment epithelial cell (RPE)...

..The isoforms ERK1 and ERK2 have markedly similar amino acid sequences, but exhibit distinctive physiological functions...

..These results suggest that in human RASFs, activation of ERK, JNK, AP-1, and NF-kappaB are essential for IL-1beta-induced ICAM-1 expression and leukocyte adhesion...

..However, much less has been done to directly examine the contributions of ERK1 and ERK2 kinases to DDR. Etoposide induces G2/M arrest in a variety of cell lines, including MCF7 cells...

....

..This study has investigated whether extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways are involved in the events...

..In this study, we performed a study to investigate whether PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk1/2 signaling pathways involved in EMT in the human lung cancer A549 cells...

Upregulated ERK1/2 activity is correlated with androgen receptor (AR) downregulation in certain prostate cancer (PCa) that exhibits androgen deprivation-induced neuroendocrine differentiation, but its functional relevance requires ..

..Altogether, our results suggest a very important role of the scaffold NHERF1 in the regulation of HIV-1 entry and replication...

....

..We therefore examined the in vitro impact of X4 gp120 on HSC activation, collagen I expression, and underlying signaling pathways and examined the in vivo expression of gp120 in HIV/HCV coinfected livers...

..Specifically, the balance between pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 protein expression, and the potential involvement of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in the control of Mcl-1 expression were investigated.

..More, hCGβ standards promoted MAPK (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and increased MMP-2 expression and activity in both dose- and time-dependent manners in hCGβ ..

..We have previously identified an alternatively spliced 46-kDa form of ERK1 that is expressed in rats and mice and named ERK1b...

..Evidence was obtained for distinct roles of ERK1/ERK2 and ERK5 in the 1,25D-inductive actions...

..The upstream elements responsible for H2O2-induced ERK1/2 and PKB activation remain poorly characterized, but a potential role of receptor and nonreceptor protein tyrosine ..

..These results suggest that MAPK plays a direct role in regulating HIV-1 replication and infectivity by phosphorylating Vif and identify a novel mechanism for activation of HIV-1 replication by mitogens and other extracellular stimuli...

..These impairments, together with the impaired DNA binding activity of SRF, could potentially account for the lack of c-fos expression in senescent cells and for multiple other molecular changes dependent upon this pathway...

..Integrins regulate these processes partially through control of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). A trait of malignant cells is their ability to undergo anchorage-independent growth...

....

Spatial regulation of ERK1/2 MAP kinases is an essential yet largely unveiled mechanism for ensuring the fidelity and specificity of their signals. Mxi2 is a p38alpha isoform with the ability to bind ERK1/2...

..To elucidate the role of RU486 in regulating the function of granulosa luteal cells and its possible involvement in ovarian dysfunction...

..cancer cells to gamma-irradiation (IR) is dependent on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling...

..We propose that Tpr is both a substrate and a scaffold for activated ERKs...

....

..Incubation of diabetic NOD endothelial cells (EC) with S1P (100 nmol/l) reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation by 90%, with no significant changes in total ERK1/2 protein...

..These findings thus underscore the role of oxidative stress, mitochondrial and MAPK signal pathways in cocaine and HIV gp120-mediated neurotoxicity...

..D1 and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, particularly extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)...

..It is, however, dependent upon D-domain binding, highlighting distinct roles of ERK motifs during nuclear targeting...

..increased EGFR expression levels, we found that the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) was highly elevated in the pcDNA3.0-GLIPR-2-transfected group...

..this kinase activity can be attributed not to Mxi2 but rather to extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), which coimmunoprecipitated with Mxi2 both by ectopic expression and in a physiological environment like the ..

..These data suggest that deregulation of ERK-1/ERK-2 pathway contributes to mucoepidermoid carcinoma phenotype and, possibly, represents a target for new anticancer drugs...

..Taken together, these data provide novel evidence about the ability of Tat to activate the Ras-ERK cascade which may be relevant for endothelial cell proliferation and for Kaposi's sarcoma progression...

..However, the roles of ERK1/2 phosphorylation (pERK1/2) and CDX2 in cholangiocarcinogenesis remain unknown.

..Furthermore, NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation was sharply attenuated. We also observed that cerivastatin blocked ERK1/2 phosphorylation in vivo and in vitro...

..These findings should contribute to better understand testicular torsion-induced damage...

....

..and total NO (NO(x)) production via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/1 (MAPK3/1, also known as ERK1/2) in OFPAE cells. ANG II elevated (P < 0.05) eNOS protein, but not mRNA levels with a maximum effect at 10 nM...

The aim of this study was to determine whether the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway is involved in genistein- and equol-induced cell proliferation and estrogen receptor (ER) alpha transactivation...

..The dual specificity mitogen-actived protein (MAP) kinase/ERK kinase (MEK) activates ERK1/2 in response to angII, but the MEK activating kinases remain undefined. Raf is a candidate MEK kinase...

..characterize the pathways mediating the synthesis and release of NO, we examined activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) in microglia/macrophages in the ..

..Here, veratridine increased constitutive Tyr204-phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/-2 (ERK1/ERK2) and constitutive Thr180/Tyr182-dual phosphorylation of p38 by approximately 118% (EC50=2.8 microM)...

Phosphorylation of the actin-associated protein caldesmon (CaD) by extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) is purported to participate in force maintenance by vascular smooth muscle...

..investigated the response of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), and p38, to cisplatin treatment in the ovarian carcinoma cell line SK-OV-3...

..However, the effect of this glycation on mitogen-activated protein kinases, particularly ERK1/2, in the myocardium is largely unclarified...

..This study investigated the role of ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)...

..the aim of the present study to investigate the kinetics of the up- or down-regulation of the MAPK p38, JNK, and ERK1/2, the induction of apoptosis and cytokine release in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages and human pulp-derived cells...

..African green monkey kidney COS-7 cells transiently cotransfected with mu-, delta-, or kappa-opioid receptors and ERK1- or ERK2-containing plasmids...

..CONCLUSIONS: Simvastatin induced the regression of hypertrophy and fibrosis, improved cardiac function, and reduced ERK1/2 activity in the beta-myosin heavy chain-Q(403) rabbits...

..by insulin to activate the multifunctional intracellular effectors, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), are only partly understood and appear to vary in different cell types...

..Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and p38(MAPK) control complex programs such as gene expression, embryogenesis, cell differentiation, cell ..

..Signal transduction of CRH-R1 also involves alternative pathways such as phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, two members of the MAPK family that mediate important pathophysiological responses...

..Mechanisms underlying these processes are unclear, but MAP kinases, particularly ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase, may be important...

..signaling pathways are involved in TNF-mediated antiapoptotic signaling; a role for the MAP kinases (MAPK), ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK has been suggested...

..signaling to the family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as extracellular-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 MAPK, through the coupling of apelin receptor (APJ) to G-protein, mediates important pathophysiological ..

..Here, we show that the activation of various protein kinases, including ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), differentially modulates IL-1beta-induced upregulation of RGS4 ..

..Although both T(3) and T(4) stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, activated ERK1/2 did not contribute to T(3)-induced Src kinase or PI3-kinase activation, and an inhibitor of PI3-kinase, LY-294002,..

..Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 was found in the nucleus after addition of insulin-like growth factor I...

..To investigate the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of human prostate carcinoma cells induced by raloxifene (RAL)...

..In both cells the effect was due to ERK1/2 activation (p42 > p44 in GC; p42 = p44 in RC). MAPK activation was dependent on PKC, but not protein kinase A...

..G protein-linked receptors are involved in the processes that lead to intimal hyperplasia. This study examined the role of Galphaq signaling pathways in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in vitro...

Integrin-mediated cell adherence to extracellular matrix proteins results in stimulation of ERK1/2 activity, a mechanism involving focal adhesion tyrosine kinases (pp125FAK, Pyk-2) and epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs)...

..via the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/v-akt murine thymomaviral oncogene homologue (AKT1) pathways in human ..

..FXII (3-62nM) with 0.05mM Zn(2+) induces extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2; mitogen-activated protein kinase 44 [MAPK44] and MAPK42) and Akt (Ser473) phosphorylation in endothelial cells...

....

..We focused on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in this context...

..the effects of ischemic postconditioning (IPost) in protecting hypertrophic myocardium subjected to ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) and to study the role of extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) in mediating such protection.

..Ang II stimulation of the endogenous AT1R increased extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 activities. This response was reduced by Irbesartan, but PD123319 had no effect...

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/protein kinase B (PKB; also known as Akt) are important antiapoptotic signalling pathways ..

..loading of bone induces fluid shear stress (FSS), which stimulates Src and the mitogen- activated protein kinases Erk1/2 leading to increased osteoblast/cyte proliferation and survival...

..The development of new drug strategies to treat acute and chronic pain safely and effectively will result in an invaluable improvement for millions of patients. ..

..We will investigate;1) the regulatory mechanism of Rac and ERK1/2 on mitogenic pathway in response to FGF-2 stimulation;and 2) the molecular mechanism by which IL-1b induces FGF-2...

..in BRAFV600E-positive PTC and ATC cells and knockdown of TSP-1 significantly decreases levels of phospho(p)-ERK1/2, pFAK, and integrins...

..PHB1 is phosphorylated on Y249 in a MEK1-dependent fashion while PHB1 is required for ERK1/2 activation defining a new regulatory paradigm in response to FSH+T in primary GCs...

..Tyr phosphorylation of the integrin 23 cytoplasmic domain, but R50E did not;and 3) wt FGF1 induced sustained ERK1/2 activation, but R50E did not...

..prostate cancer development via a novel signaling pathway involving PKC5/PKD3-mediated activation of Akt and ERK1/2...

..We previously showed that inhibition of tumor MEK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation by 1st generation MEK and ERK pharmacologic inhibitors (or shRNA knockdowns) resulted in cell ..

..OxA has been shown to activate extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen activated phosphate kinase (MAPK) in various cell models...

..These tools will be made publicly available, including a friendly graphical user interface and visualization. ..

..Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 (MAPK/ERK1/2) is the major signaling pathway triggered by EGFR, which determines the ultimate outcome of the EGFR signaling...

..profibrotic proteins, 2) Binding of renin to this receptor activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase-1 and -2 (ERK1 &ERK2) and subsequent signaling that leads to TGF-IJ induction...

..We have previously reported that conjugated bile acids activate the AKT and ERK1/2 pathways via G[unreadable]i protein coupled receptor(s)...

..RANKL appears to be regulated via ERK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation...

..regulator of osteoclasts through differential regulation of the various Rho GTPases and through suppression of the Erk1/2-c-Fos-NFAT1c cascade...

..that a key mediator is the tyrosine kinase c-Src, which phosphorylates phospholipase-C3 (PLC3) and activates the ERK1/2 pathway...

..Furthermore, Erk1/2 signaling was required for SMC osteochondrocytic phenotype change in vitro...

..only a multitude of receptors including NMDAR, AMPAR, GPCRs, and TrkR, but also signaling molecules such as Src and ERK1/2 and those that regulate cAMP formation...

..Brain TNFa expression, on the other hand, was reduced and ERK1/2 phosphorylation trended in the same direction...

..increased the levels of 1) activated small GTPases;2) Ras to Raf-1 binding;and phosphorylation of 3) MEK1,2;4) ERK1,2;and 5) RelA-Ser276. EG8-oxoG induced luciferase expression driven from the CXCL-8 promoter...

..SHP2 is required for Ras/ERK1/2 activation downstream of most receptor tyrosine kinases, cytokine receptors, and integrins...

..We also found that WNK4 enhanced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, whereas knock-down of WNK4 reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation...

..shown that activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) and its downstream signaling targets, ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinases), in spinal cord dorsal horn increases the excitability of the spinal ..

..hypothesis is proposed to explain how this is accomplished: i) After exposure to an osteogenic stimulus, P-ERK1/2 translocates to the nucleus and binds chromatin of osteoblast target genes via specific docking sites on Runx2...

..LPS induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, a common inflammatory osteolysis signal transducer, was also inhibited via LPS treatment...

..of inositol phosphates and diacylglycerol leading to the release of epiregulin and phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2...

..is LANA mediated inactivation of the serine/threonine kinase GSK-3 and activation of the serine/threonine kinase ERK1/2...

..Our hypothesis is that MEKK1 functions to stimulate the activity of specific MAPK pathways (primarily JNK and ERK1/2), coordinately regulate the degradation of specific target substrates (e.g...

..evolved from our previous observations that copper (Cu) influx enhances MEK1 phosphorylation of its substrates ERK1/2 through a Cu-MEK1 interaction...

..We propose that phosphorylation of neurofilaments by CDK5 and ERK1/2 kinases regulates their transport in an additive and dose-dependent manner by increasing the proportion of the ..

..expressed and positively regulates signaling from receptor tyrosine kinases through the activation of the Ras/ERK1/2 cascade...

..particular, DARPP-32 phosphorylation at Thr34 is an important mediator of the cAMP-extracellular regulated kinase (ERK1/2) pathway, acting as an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)...

..co- repressor, NCoR, (ii) increased co-activator, SRC1, and (iii) reduced inhibition of PPAR[unreadable]2 via ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation. These may all contribute to PPAR[unreadable]-mediated programmed adipogenesis...

..activated protein kinase (MAPK), leading to phosphorylation pathways regulated by protein kinase A (PKA) and ERK1/2. The aims are to: 1. Characterize the signal transduction dependence on the juxtamembrane C-terminal domain...

..will investigate the down stream signaling pathways of EGFR activation by EETs, including the PKC/Akt/TK, p38, or ERK1/2 pathways...

..increases MLR, NMDAR, AMPAR, and TrkR;3) Cav-1 enhances BDNF-mediated phosphorylation of TrkR, Akt, and ERK1/2;4) enhances NMDAR-mediated activation of P-Src, P-CaMKII, and P-ERK1/2;5) increases NMDAR, Dopamine 1 receptor (..

..targets of apigenin action include phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B/Akt, classical MAPK/ERK1/2, and cyclin-dependent kinases...

..of sGC and ACIII leading to inhibition of cGMP and cAMP synthesis, and (ii) up-regulation of PDE1A1 via NF-?B, and ERK1/2- mediated activation of PDE4D5, leading to augmentation of cGMP and cAMP degradation...

..growth- promoting receptor tyrosine kinases, such as PDGFRb, are induced to offset MEK1/2 inhibition and reactivate ERK1/2...

..To determine direct effects of AR agonists on salivary glands, Ca2+ mobilization and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in submandibular gland acini will be monitored...

..Consequently, cAMP production, PKC and ERK1/2 activities are down-regulated...

..Our studies show that KOR activation increases DAT activity through ERK1/2 dependent phosphorylation of threonine (Thr)53 of DAT and selective inhibition of ERK1/2 in the VST attenuates ..

..Preliminary studies suggest this compound can prevent HGFL-induced phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2...

..Our research originally focused on GPCR regulation of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase cascade...

..expressed in T cells, negatively control T cell activation by inhibiting T cell receptor (TCR)-induced Ras and Erk1/2 activation...

..Phosphate induces Erk1/2 phosphorylation and activates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in hypertrophic but not proliferative ..

..Dynamic (reversible) Bcl2 phosphorylation is regulated by multiple Bcl2 kinases (i.e. PKC alpha, ERK1/2 and JNK1) and a physiological Bcl2 phosphatase (PP2A)...

..Aim 3) Determine if the pSTAT5/pSTAT3 ratio or ERK1/2 phosphorylation in CD4+ or CD8+ T cells on day +21 associate with the development of acute GvHD before day +100...

..cells, including neurofilament accumulation, spacing and phosphorylation, and the local distribution of Cdk5 and ERK1/2, two major kinases involved in neurofilament phosphorylation ...

..much work has established that enhanced activation of the Ras/extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway is causal to NS-mediated CHD the precise mechanisms through which NS-associated SHP-2 mutations engage ..

..in T cells, negatively control T cell activation by inhibiting TCR-induced activation of the DAG-RasGRP1-Ras-Erk1/2-AP1 cascade...

..Pathologic cardiac G?? signaling was recently found to interact with and result in novel, sustained ERK1/2 phosphorylation at T188;this sustained phosphorylation event has been directly associated with HF...

..unlike in HSPCs and other progenitors, we found that Nras G12D signaling constitutively hyperactivates ERK1/2 in HSCs in a dose-dependent manner...

..whether the G-alpha-s DREADD activates canonical G-alpha-s signaling pathways by measuring cAMP accumulation, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, DARPP-32 phosphorylation, and c-Fos expression...

..This pathway is initiated by mGlu5 activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling, leading to phosphorylation of a Kv4...

..Preliminary data demonstrates the role of the ERK1/2 MAPK (Extra-cellular signal-Regulated Kinases 1 and 2 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases) pathway in the ..

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are the prototypical intracellular mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK)...

..ERK2 has long served as a prototype to define properties of MAPKs and their cascades. ERK2 and/or ERK1 are required not only for embryogenesis, differentiation, and proliferation, but also for events in differentiated ..

..In a skeletal myoblast/satellite cell model (C2C12 cells), H-Ras and ERK1/2 activation promote proliferation and inhibit myotube formation, whereas rapid inactivation of ERK1/2 is necessary ..

..We hypothesize that 1) Krox20 expression is regulated by ERK1/ERK2 through its MAPK response element via DNA binding complex containing direct ERK1/ERK2 substrates, 2) ERK1 and ..

..ROS have been proposed to serve as signaling molecules to activate numerous signaling pathways, including PI3K, ERK1/2 MAPK, and the transcription factors hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), which promote tumor cell proliferation, ..

..miR-15a via transcriptional activation of the CREB/ICER/CRE pathway causing miR-15a target proteins (Cdc25A, Ptc, Erk1) to increase leading to hyperproliferation;and (iii) pharmacologic targeting of MEK, Smo and Cdc25A, components of ..

..Moreover, 17b-estradiol stimulates activity of the p44mapk/p42mapk (ERK1/2) MAP kinases in endothelial cells by stimulating production and release of the autocrine hormone, ..

..Mutant B-RAF signaling in human melanoma cells elevates activation of the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway and regulates two key G1 cell cycle proteins: cyclin D1 and p27Kip1...

..to identify the receptors (TrkB, p75, and sortilin) and intracellular signaling pathways (PLC-gamma, PI-3-K/AKT, ERK1/2, Rho/Rock) activated by proBDNF and mBDNF, that are involved in the enhancement of peristalsis and/or inhibition ..

..netrin-1 is equally robust in inducing cardioprotection in vivo and whether the protection is mediated by a DCC-ERK1/2-deepdent activation of eNOS /nitric oxide (NO") in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells that should be ..

..and we reported on MIF's ability to override glucocorticoid immunosuppression, induce sustained activation of ERK1/2 MAP kinases, and promote inflammation by inhibiting activation-induced apoptosis...

..BrCa cell lines, depletion of which causes cell cycle arrest and reduced activation of MAP kinases, such as ERK1/2...

..CD36's ability to transduce signals to the src kinase and downstream to the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK1/2). The CD36-ERK pathway is activated in a lipid- dependent manner during early stages of chylomicron formation...

..activates TGF-[unreadable];and if this is responsible for ERK1/2 activation, Egr-1 expression and the subsequent changes in growth, inflammation and synthetic properties of PASMC...

..SPECIFIC AIM 2 will investigate Trib'3 molecular action mechanisms, including regulation of Erk1,2 and Akt signaling, and action as a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor...

..implications in the neurobiology of suicide, we propose to test the hypothesis that hypoactive BDNF/TrkB-mediated ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt and overexpressed p75NTR will lead to modifications in the interaction and activation of downstream ..

..the expression and the activity of NHE-3 in AP membranes via the activation of [Ca2+]i/PKC1/2II, MAP kinases ERK1/2, and NF-:B signaling pathways...

..AIM I we will determine whether attenuated myelin growth in the Fgfr1/2 KO can be rescued by genetically elevating ERK1/2 activity in OLs, to test if the two are functionally linked in the in vivo context...

..These depend on the signaling balance between ERK1/2 (mitogenic) and p38a/b (stress) pathways and a specific downstream gene expression program...

..g., Erk1/2, p38) and identify novel pathways...

..more activated as they expressed much higher levels of phosphorylated signaling molecules p38, stat3, stat5, and Erk1/2 than Tim-3- controls...

..that the TNF-[unreadable] induced increase in intestinal epithelial TJ permeability was regulated in part by ERK 1/2 and p38 signaling cascade induced increase in myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) gene activity and microRNA ..

..Our preliminary data indicate that class I HDACs alter nuclear ERK1/2 signaling in cardiomyocytes by inducing expression of an ERK-specific phosphatase, DUSP5...

..will target CRH synthesis and release, including changes in neuronal spike frequencies, CRH hnRNA, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-CREB, and circulating ACTH...

..The mechanisms of CXCL8 neuroprotection and the ensuing signal transduction specifically through Akt/PKB, ERK1/2, Bcl-2 and Bax and the role of TNF receptors in these neuroprotective events will be investigated using primary ..

..signaling [cAMP responsive-element binding protein (CREB) and extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2)] are regulated and if BDNF signaling modulates synaptic plasticity in the amygdala resulting in the phenotypes ..

..of PRL receptors with beta-integrins and lipid rafts, driving tumorigenic PRL actions through the FAK-SFK-ERK1/2 pathway...

..We hypothesize that a small molecule like GW572016 which inhibits both Akt/PI3-kinase cell survival and ERK 1,2 MAP-kinase cell proliferation pathways by blocking HER1 and HER2...

..the important question of how myelin assembly and maintenance are regulated in the CNS, hypothesizing that ERK1/2-MAPK (Extracelluar Signal Regulated Kinases-1/2), important mediators of multiple external signals, plays a ..

..produces VEGF and expresses its cognate receptor VEGFR2;2) VEGF-mediated stimulation of VEGFR2 results in increased ERK1/2-dependent proliferation of the cystic epithelium, 3) PC2-defective cystic cholangiocytes, altered cellular Ca2+ ..

..Mutant B- RAF hyper-activates MEK-ERK1/2 signaling and is required for melanoma growth and invasion...

..e., phosphorylation states of 4E-BPI and p70S6K) and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and GSK3, 2 other pathways through which IGF-1 could act...

..coupled to both Galphas and Galphai, leading to the activation of the protein kinase A (PKA) and MAP kinase (ERK1/2) pathways, respectively ERK1/2 activation is sensitive to pertussis toxin, dependent upon an activated receptor ..

..VEGF's protective effects in this system are prevented by blocking the PKA-ERK1/2 and Akt (PKB) signaling pathways (unpublished data)...