CXCR4

..This protein, designated "fusin," is a putative G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane segments...

..Here we show that activation of the Gi protein-coupled receptor CXCR4 is critical for the growth of both malignant neuronal and glial tumors...

..NSCs express CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), the cognate receptor for SDF-1alpha...

The chemokine CXCL12/stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its receptor CXCR4 play a major role in tumor invasion, proliferation, and metastasis. Recently, CXCR7 was identified as a novel, alternate receptor for CXCL12 and CXCL11/I-TAC...

In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B, CXCR4 coreceptor use ranges from approximately 20% in early infection to approximately 50% in advanced disease. Coreceptor use by non-subtype B HIV is less well characterized...

The chemokine receptor CXCR4 belongs to the large superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and has been identified to play a crucial role in a number of biological processes, including the trafficking and homeostasis of immune cells ..

..The binding of CXCL12 to its receptor CXCR4 triggers Gi protein signals for motility and integrin activation in many cell types...

..The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is broadly expressed in cells of both the immune and the central nervous systems and can mediate migration of ..

..We found that high expression levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 correlated with the presence of metastatic disease in prostate cancer patients...

Infection with HIV-1 requires expression of CD4 and the chemokine receptors CXCR4 or CCR5 at the target cell surface...

..Consistent with this discrepancy, two distinct chemokine receptors, namely, CXCR4 (ref. 7) and CCR5 (ref...

..cells from surgical samples of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma for expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Six of 11 cell lines expressed detectable mRNA of CXCR4, with three cell lines (AsPC1, Capan1, and Hs766T) having ..

..sequential interactions with two cellular receptor molecules, CD4 and a chemokine receptor, most commonly CCR5 or CXCR4. However, antibody accessibility to such regions is hindered by diverse protective mechanisms, including shielding ..

We wished to characterize the epidemiological and clinical correlates of CXCR4-using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ("X4 variants") in a cross-sectional analysis of a large population of antiretroviral-naive ..

Recently, we purified from adult murine bone marrow (BM) a population of CXCR4(+), Oct-4(+) SSEA-1(+), Sca-1(+) lin(-) CD45(-) very small embryonic-like (VSEL) stem cells and hypothesized that similar cells could be also present in human ..

..Low oxygen concentration induces high expression of the CXCL12 receptor, CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4), in different cell types (monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages, endothelial ..

..study explores an indirect role for USP8 in cargo trafficking through its regulation of the chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)...

..The ability of various members of the chemokine receptor family to support the early stages of HIV-1 infection helps to explain viral tropism and beta-chemokine inhibition of primary HIV-1 isolates...

..able for the first time to separate these two subpopulations based on the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 allowing their characterization...

..Recently, the alpha-chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been reported to mediate apoptosis in neuronal cells and in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells after its binding to HIV-..

..The activation of this signaling pathway requires functional CD4 receptors and is independent of binding to CXCR4. Binding of the natural ligand stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) to CXCR4, which inhibits entry of T-cell-..

..These data suggest that the SDF-1/CXCR-4 axis may influence therapy responsiveness and defines unfavorable prognosis in AML...

..Of 13 kinds of chemokine receptors examined, only CXCR4 expression was up-regulated in HNt and B88 cells...

..We have shown previously that chemokine receptors including the interleukin-8 receptor B (CXCR2) and the Duffy blood group antigen are expressed on subsets of neurons in various regions of the adult nervous system...

..was dependent on cholesterol content in the cell membrane and on the incorporation of the SDF-1 binding receptor CXCR4 and the small GTPase Rac-1 into membrane lipid rafts...

..Short-term exposure of MSCs to 1% oxygen increased expression of the chemokine receptors CX3CR1and CXCR4, both as mRNA and as protein...

..Previously, we showed that binding of the chemokine CXCL12 to its receptor CXCR4 mediated signaling events resulting in matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in prostate cancer bone metastasis...

..The introduction of distinct V3 sequences from CXCR4-using clones into an R5-tropic env backbone conferred the inefficient use of CXCR4 in some but not all cases...

The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its unique ligand, stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), play critical roles in the retention of hematopoietic cells within bone marrow and in their mobilization into the circulation...

..individuals or more, env evolution leads to expansion of the use of entry coreceptor from CCR5 alone to CCR5 and CXCR4. The stochastic nature of this coreceptor switch is not well explained by host selective forces that should be ..

..CXCR3 mRNA and protein were expressed in all the OSCC cell lines examined, while CXCR4 mRNA and protein were expressed only in HSC2, HSC3, and Ca9-22 cells...

b>CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor often found aberrantly expressed on metastatic tumor cells. To investigate CXCR4 signaling in tumor cell adhesion, we stably overexpressed CXCR4 in MCF7 breast tumor cells...

..Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of unique stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 signaling in the regulation of HSPC homing and subsequent engraftment...

..Although the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor-1α, have been found to play an important role in tumor invasion, its ..

..Our aim was to study the role of the CXCL12:CXCR4 chemokine ligand:receptor complex in determining the organ-specific metastasis of prostate cancer. MATERIALS and

..To this end, we now report that the cell surface chemokine receptor, CXCR4, a known mediator of cancer cell proliferation and invasion, is overexpressed in primary glioblastoma progenitor ..

We previously detected CXCR4 expression in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) tissues and demonstrated CXCR4-enhanced proliferation of PanIN cells...

..In this study, we have attempted to identify the functional significance of the heteromeric complex between CXCR4 and CXCR7 chemokine receptors...

The CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4)/stromal-derived factor-1 and c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor axes promote the metastatic potential of rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines in experimental models, but no data are available on their role in ..

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) play a critical role in progenitor cell homing, mobilization and differentiation...

..ligase atrophin interacting protein 4 (AIP4) mediates ubiquitination and down-regulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. AIP4 belongs to the Nedd4-like homologous to E6-AP carboxy terminus domain family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, which ..

The SDF-1/CXCR4 axis plays an important role in cancer metastasis. SDF1alpha genetic polymorphisms, including SDF1alpha-G801A, have been associated with increased cancer risk and may be predictive of distant metastasis...

..Laboratory-adapted and some T-cell-line-tropic (T-tropic) primary viruses use the orphan chemokine receptor LESTR/fusin (also known as fusin), whereas macrophage-tropic primary HIV-1 isolates use CCR-5 and CCR-3 (refs 7-11), ..

..The gene, designated D2S201E was localized to human chromosome 2q21...

..Therefore, it stands to reason that the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway is an important target for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies...

b>CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor that has recently been implicated to play a pivotal role in breast cancer growth and metastasis...

..The cell-surface receptor CXCR4 is a seven-transmembrane-spanning, G-protein-coupled receptor for the CXC chemokine PBSF/SDF-1 (for pre-B-cell ..

Despite the biological and clinical importance of the interaction between the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 (SDF-1alpha) in human cancers, little is known about transcriptional regulation of the CXCR4 gene...

..to determine whether Nef expressed from unintegrated DNA was also able to downregulate the chemokine coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5...

..These results indicate a general mechanism for HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein-mediated fusion by reorganization of membrane microdomains in the target cell, and offer new strategies for preventing HIV-1 infection...

..of chemokines IFN-g-induced protein 10 (IP-10, CXCL10), stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1, CXCL12) and its receptor CXCR4 was investigated in 56 primary NPC biopsy specimens from Chinese NPC patients in parallels with LMP1 antigen and ..

The chemokine receptor CXCR4-mediated signaling cascades play an important role in cell proliferation and migration, but the underlying mechanisms by which the receptor signaling is regulated remain incompletely understood...

..We conclude that the ability to couple fusion to particle maturation is a common feature of HIV-1 Env proteins and may play an important role during HIV-1 replication in vivo...

..immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope function during the process of coreceptor switching from CCR5 to CXCR4. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to introduce most of the possible intermediate mutations in the envelope for ..

CCR5-using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates typically gain CXCR4 use via multiple mutations in V3 and often V1/V2 regions of envelope, and patterns of mutations are distinct for each isolate...

..The two most common chemokine receptors that allow HIV-1 entry are the CCR5 and CXCR4. The CD4 and CCR5 are mainly localized to the particular plasma membrane microdomains, termed raft, which is rich ..

..We identify the chemokine receptors CXCR2 and CXCR4 as functional receptors for MIF...

..CTL migration was mediated by chemokine receptor CXCR4 expressed by the CTL and CXCL12 (stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha) secreted by tumor cells, as evidenced by ..

..Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and G protein-coupled receptor, CXCR4, are elevated in these activated fibroblasts, in which they facilitate angiogenesis and matrix degradation, ..

..Moreover, we focused our work on the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its inhibition by T22 antibody, as well as on systemic (direct in vivo assay) and computer-assisted imaging of ..

It has been previously shown that the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) activates cell signaling by CXCR4, independently of CD4...

..effect was caused by gp120 protein acting through chemokine receptors on the HUVEC surface, primarily the CXCR4 receptor...

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 pathway has been shown to play an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis and siRNA expression using cell-specific promoters has been demonstrated to be a potential tool for targeted ..

..This review discusses the most recent data addressing tat-induced neurotoxicity and integrates these new findings in the context of NeuroAIDS...

..The aim of this study was to determine whether the stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha)/CXCR4 axis is involved in the interaction of EOC cells with HPMCs in peritoneal metastasis...

b>CXCR4 is the receptor for the CXC chemokine SDF1 that has essential functions on embryo organogenesis, immunological functions and T lymphocyte trafficking...

..The two most widely used co-receptors thus far recognized, CCR5 and CXCR4, are expressed by both activated T lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes...

..Recent evidence indicates that the CXCR4/CXCL12 chemokine/receptor axis may be involved in promoting NB invasion and metastasis...

..Our semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma repressed CXCR4 mRNA levels in immortalized human microvascular endothelial HMEC-1 cells after 4 h, whereas only TNF-alpha ..

The chemokine receptor CXCR4 has recently been shown to be a co-receptor involved in the entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 into target cells...

..In the present study, we extend these observations to heterodimers formed by CCR2 and CXCR4, which are more distantly related...

..In this study, we sought to determine the effect of the chemokine SDF-1 (CXCL12) and its receptor CXCR4 on the migration and homing of MM cells...

MIF is a chemokine-like inflammatory mediator that triggers leukocyte recruitment by binding to CXCR2 and CXCR4. MIF also interacts with CD74/invariant chain, a single-pass membrane-receptor...

..regulates the initial attachment of viral particles to target cells through its association with CD4 and either CXCR4 or CCR5...

..The chemokine receptor CXCR4 has recently been shown to mediate the movement of malignant cancer cells to specific organs...

..We evaluated the expression of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) and its receptor CXCR4 in human pituitary adenomas and normal pituitary tissues and their role in cell proliferation.

..has been shown to be critical in promoting the migration of cells to the bone marrow, via its specific receptor CXCR4. The aim of our study was to investigate CXCR4 expression on MSCs and its role in mediating migration to bone ..

..The current study evaluates the molecular mechanisms of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion...

..Downregulation of CXCR-4 by siRNA inhibits invasion and growth of breast and colon cancer cells. However, there have been no reports on the downregulation of CXCR-4 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in oral cancer cells...

..CCR5 is the major macrophage-tropic coreceptor for HIV-1 whereas CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) serves the counterpart function for T cell-tropic viruses...

..gp120) has five variable loops, of which three (V1/V2 and V3) influence the binding of either CCR5 or CXCR4, the two primary coreceptors for virus entry...

..A recent study has shown that the activation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by lack of oxygen in breast cancer is HIF-1-dependent...

..and angiogenesis, chemokines such as stromal derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) and their receptors such as CXCR4 are thought to play a critical role in motility, homing, and proliferation of cancer cells at specific metastatic ..

The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) may function to attract CXCR4-expressing cancer cells to metastatic organs...

This study sought to determine the role of the transcription factor E2F1 in CXCR4-mediated neurotoxicity and HIV neuropathology...

..The ability of R5 HIV-1 to infect target cells expressing chimeric receptors between CCR5 and CXCR4 (R5(broad) viruses), was shown to correlate with disease stage in HIV-1 infected adults...

..The primary coreceptors are CCR5 and CXCR4, but several other chemokine receptors were identified as "minor coreceptors", indicating their ability ..

..The activity of two-exon (aa 1-101) and synthetic (aa 1-86) Tat was studied on mammary and amniotic epithelial cells cultured under low serum conditions...

Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and the chemokine receptor CXCR4 are highly expressed in the nervous system...

..To test the hypothesis that an LPS effect on CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), known coreceptors for HIV, contributes to this effect, 8 healthy men were ..

..The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4 were found to be critical for murine bone marrow engraftment by human severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) ..

A putative chemokine receptor that we previously cloned and termed LESTR has recently been shown to function as a co-receptor (termed fusin) for lymphocyte-tropic HIV-1 strains...

..stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12; expressed by osteoblasts and endothelial cells) and its receptor (CXCR4) as key elements in these processes...

..In this study, we show a novel pathway of CXCR4 upregulation through beta1 integrin - and NFkappaB-dependent signaling pathways in response to three-dimensional ..

..Further elucidation of these early intermediates may help identify and develop potential inhibitors of HIV-1 entry into cells...

..These data suggest that extracellular Nef may contribute to disease progression as well as HIV-1 spreading through affecting migration of monocytes...

b>CXCR4 functions as an infection receptor of X4 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) . CXCR4 is glycosylated at the N-terminal extracellular region, which is important for viral envelope (Env) protein binding...

..Env), but the virus-cell interactions that contribute to efficient HIV-1 entry into macrophages, particularly via CXCR4, are not well understood...

The chemokine receptor CXCR4 plays an important role as the receptor for the normal physiological function of stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha (SDF-1alpha) and the coreceptor for the entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ..

..We propose that cooperative binding of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 onto CCR-5 and CD4 may enhance virus adsorption and infectivity for cells that have only a trace of CD4...

b>CXCR4 mediates the fusion and entry of X4 and R5X4 strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)...

..SMC), the major cellular components of the vessel wall, possess the functional chemokine receptors, CCR5, and CXCR4. Engagement of these receptors results in a marked induction of tissue factor (TF) activity...

..Recently, chemokine receptors CCR5 or CXCR4 were identified as essential co-receptors for the entry of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 into CD4 positive ..

..Aims 2 and 3 will examine synergism between chemokine stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), its receptor, CXCR4, and MMP-9 in the homing and transendothelial migration of BMDMs to the injured cord...

..Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1/ CXCL12) and its cognate receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 are essential for life and play unique roles in human development, HIV infection, stem cell homing and ..

..Astrocytes express receptors for numerous chemokines, including CXCR4. CXCR4 is the exclusive receptor for the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-I (SDF-l)...

..In addition, we have made the unexpected observation that TFF2 is a natural ligand for the CXCR4 receptor, a G-protein coupled receptor and the primary receptor for SDF-1...

..Under normal conditions CXCR4, the receptors for the chemokine SDF-1/CXCL12, are expressed by DRG neurons and glia...

The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 play a critical role in breast cancer metastasis...

..may play a crucial role in directing to the BM the RMS cells that express the receptor for SDF-1, CXCR4. To investigate the mechanisms operating in the metastasis of RMS and develop a new therapeutic approach to ..

..CD4 receptors, the question arises whether the binding of HIV-1 virions to the newly described HIV-1 coreceptor, CXCR4 participates or contributes to this signaling...

..One chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor SDF-1a is the natural agonist for the receptor CXCR4. The CXCR4 receptor has also been identified as the co-receptor for T-tropic, syncytium inducing strains of HIV-1...

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) Chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR5 play critical roles in H1V infection...

..The latency period is determined by host factors that control viral infectivity. Chemokine receptors (CCR5 and CXCR4) serve as co-receptors for HIV-1 entry into cells...

..Microglia, astrocytes and neurons express co-receptors for HIV-1, namely the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4. Using chemokine receptor knock-out mice, the objectives of this application are to further elucidate the role of ..

..Chemokines, the natural ligands for the HIV-1 co-receptors CCR5 and CXCR4, are potential candidates...

..that gp120 causes neuronal cell death by activating an apoptotic pathway through the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Interestingly, the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) prevents gp120-mediated neurotoxicity in ..

..that gp120 causes neuronal cell death by activating an apoptotic pathway through the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Interestingly, the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) prevents gp120-mediated neurotoxicity in ..

..is a complex process that requires binding of the HIV envelope protein gp120 to a cellular co-receptor (CCR5 or CXCR4)...

..is a complex process that requires binding of the HIV envelope protein gp120 to a cellular co-receptor (CCR5 or CXCR4)...