RpL32

..This approach may pave the way to a systematic classification of nanomaterials, leading to important developments in risk assessment and regulatory approval, as well as in a wide range of nanomedicine applications...

An approximately 1.3-kb region including the rp49 gene plus its 5' and 3' flanking regions was sequenced in 24 lines of Drosophila simulans (10 from Spain and 14 from Mozambique)...

..These results are consistent with previous studies that have detected an increased rate of evolution in genes with reproductive function...

..The oxen mutation provides a model for the genetic analysis in multicellular organisms of the effect of mitochondrial activity on nuclear gene expression...

..Thus, synthesis of ectopic Nos protein is inhibited by a novel regulatory mechanism that does not involve a stable arrest of the translation cycle...

..Our results suggest the existence of a previously unrecognized regulatory mechanism for modulating steroid hormone signaling in Drosophila...

..In both cases we find relatively little effect upon X chromosomal gene expression...

..Our results suggest either a role for translational regulation in humoral immunity or a new, nontranslational function for 4E-BP type genes...

..We also propose that ecdysone modulation of integrin expression might be widely used to control multiple aspects of adult development...

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..Additionally, we report that ELAV promotes a neuron-enriched splice isoform of Drosophila armadillo transcript. ELAV, however, is not involved in all neuron-enriched splice events...

..Like NonA, X4/PEP, S5, and P11/Hrb87F are present on active sites on polytene chromosomes. The precipitated NonA complex is enriched for certain protein encoding RNAs, notably, histone H3 and H4 RNA...

..The lines of evidence suggest that the N-terminal fragment can impede the endogenous DREF function in a dominant negative manner and that DREF is required for normal DNA replication in both mitotic cell cycle and endo cycle...

..We conclude that Dm NXF1/p15 heterodimers only (but not NXF2-NXF4) mediate the export of the majority of mRNAs in Drosophila cells and that the other members of the NXF family play more specialized or different roles...

..We propose that PARP-e autoregulates Parp transcription by influencing the chromatin structure of its heterochromatic environment. Our results indicate that Parp plays a fundamental role organizing the structure of Drosophila chromatin...

..These studies indicate that ecdysone triggers a two-step hierarchy composed of steroid-induced regulatory genes and apoptosis genes that, in turn, regulate the autophagic death of midgut cells during development...

..Our results imply that the H3.3 variant plays an essential role in chromatin transitions in the male germline...

..Our findings reveal that a balance of microtubule- and actin-based motor activities regulates oskar mRNA localization in the Drosophila oocyte...

..Combined with evidence that atonal's mammalian homolog, ATOH1, is a tumor suppressor gene, our data support a critical, evolutionarily conserved, function for ato in oncogenesis...

..Thus, linker histone H1 is essential in Drosophila and plays a fundamental role in the architecture and activity of chromosomes in vivo...

..Thus, PTB is a key structural component of oskar RNP complexes that dually controls formation of high-order RNP particles and translational silencing...

..These results strongly suggest that trx-G proteins, along with some Pc-G proteins, play an active role in heterochromatin formation in Drosophila...

..Our results suggest that B52/SRp55 splicing activity is used during normal eye development to control eye organogenesis and size through regulation of eyeless alternative splicing...

..These findings demonstrate that SCF plays a role in transcriptional activation via alteration of chromatin structure and provide evidence that SCF contributes to dosage compensation...

..This sequence mimics the model for how R7 and R8 photoreceptor cells are specified, and defines the timing of photoreceptor cell fate decisions with respect to other events in eye development...

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..Some embryos hatch into larvae, containing detached cells loose in the haemolymph. Myosin VI is crucial for correct cell morphology and maintenance of adhesive cellular contacts within epithelial cell layers...

..Larval resistance levels, due to single genes (or gene complexes) on chromosomes II and III, were significant (15-fold). Evidence indicates that the gene on chromosome II is Cyp6g1...

..This demonstrates that regulation of the PAP level is essential for controlled cytoplasmic polyadenylation and early development...

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..Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle--> Toll-->Cactus-->Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells...

..These data demonstrate a strong interaction between components of the translation machinery and showed that their underexpression impairs the control of cell proliferation in both hematopoietic organs and imaginal discs...

..Multiple mRNAs, transcribed from genes which lie adjacent to a ribosomal protein ( rp49 ) gene, are present during oogenesis, embryogenesis, or both...

In this communication, we describe several features of the D. melanogaster gene which codes for ribosomal protein 49 (rp49)...

..3-kilobase (kb) region containing the gene encoding the large subunit ribosomal protein 49 (rp49) suppresses the dominant phenotypes of Minute (3)99D, a previously undescribed Minute associated with ..

..Coordination between r-protein and rRNA synthesis appears to be achieved by regulating translation of r-protein mRNAs in early embryos and by decreasing their abundance in adult tissues...

..The predicted beta and delta polypeptides show partial amino acid sequence homology, suggesting a common evolutionary origin...

A 1.6-kb fragment encompassing the rp49 gene, which codes for a ribosomal protein, has been cloned and sequenced in Drosophila subobscura. The rp49 coding region has accumulated 46 nucleotide differences out of 402 bp since D...

..The janA gene displayed a much more complex expression; one of the major mRNAs was found in both sexes and at all stages, whereas the two other janA transcripts were expressed only in males...

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..In this study we assayed for changes of ribosomal protein rp49 gene expression in flies transformed with extra copies of the gene...

..The sry alpha protein is associated with the invaginating plasma membrane and colocalizes with F-actin. We propose that sry alpha is involved in the localization of membrane furrows within the syncytial blastoderm...

..We have used this scheme to determine that the steady-state levels of transcripts of X-linked genes are the same in early male and female embryos, establishing that these genes are dosage compensated...

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..The fourth mutation is located in the NH2-proximal part of the protein, in a domain proposed to be involved in specific protein-protein interactions...

..Therefore, the proteins required to activate the degradation of string mRNA are encoded on a maternally contributed mRNA. We discuss possible models to explain the degradation pathway...

..We propose that E93 acts in a stage-specific regulatory hierarchy in the salivary gland to direct its histolysis in response to the prepupal ecdysteroid pulse...

..Recent work revealed that Drosophila ribosomal protein P0 contains an apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease activity. Our results suggest that this multifunctional protein is also involved in regulation of gene expression in Drosophila...

A region of approximately 1.6 kb encompassing the ribosomal protein 49 gene (rp49) has been sequenced and compared in nine species of the obscura group of Drosophila: four species belonging to the obscura subgroup, three to the ..

..This response is mediated through the selective activation of the Toll pathway...

..melanogaster...

..Our data suggest that down-regulation of RNA polymerase I-, II-, and III-mediated transcription may contribute to an age-related decrease in protein synthesis or other homeostatic functions...

..melanogaster. The materials and methods described will make it possible to carry out a direct study of molecular evolution at the level of chromosome structure and organization as well as at the level of individual genes...

A 2.1-kb SstI fragment including the rp49 gene and the 3' end of the delta-serendipity gene has been cloned and sequenced in Drosophila pseudoobscura. rp49 maps at region 62 on the tip of chromosome II of this species...

Nucleotide variation in the region including the ribosomal protein 49 (rp49) gene was investigated by direct sequencing of 10 alleles of Drosophila subobscura from chromosomes differing in gene arrangements...

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..As these molecules have homologues in vertebrates, our analysis may have general implications for the organisation of hormonal responses in vivo...

..pseudoobscura sry delta gene rescues the sry delta mutant phenotype. Convergence of genetic and structural data on the sry proteins supports a multimodular function and mode of evolution of these C2H2 finger proteins...

..These observations suggest that if mle plays a role in the discrimination of the X and the autosomes, it may do so by modification of the effects of dosage sensitive regulatory genes...

..Together these data indicate that in spite of the physical proximity of the jan A and sry beta genes, their transcription is regulated by separate cis-acting sequences...

..All four mutant genes encode beta 2-tubulin subunits that are synthesized at normal rates but do not accumulate. All mutants are completely male sterile as homozygotes...

..the effects of antisense r-protein 49 expression, a gene known to correspond to a Minute mutation An antisense rp49 gene driven by a strong and inducible promoter was transformed into the Drosophila germ line...