Flora M Vaccarino

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..These programs are likely to be similar to gene cascades that control proliferation, differentiation and migration of progenitor cells at earlier stages of development...

..This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Trends in neuropharmacology: in memory of Erminio Costa'...

..Thus, many risk factors may converge upon FGF-regulated pathogenetic pathways, which alter excitatory/inhibitory balance and cortical modular architecture, and predispose to autism spectrum disorders...

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..In contrast, there is incomplete recovery of inhibitory neurons after injury, which may account for persistent behavioral deficits...

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..Hence, FGFs have an important role in the transition from radial glia to astrocytes by stimulating somal translocation of radial glial cells...

..These data demonstrate that FGFR2 signaling expands the number of excitatory neurons in the mPFC and secondarily influences target neurons in subcortical stations of the limbic system...

..This restricted critical period implies that powerful inhibitory factors may restrict their fate potential in vivo at later stages of development...

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..Thus, FGF2 regulates the number of proliferative cells and olfactory bulb neurogenesis by maintaining a slow-dividing stem cell pool within the SVZa...

..The disrupted cerebellar size and laminar architecture resulting from loss of FGFR signaling impair motor learning and coordination in FGFR DKO mice...

..The selective deficit of PV+ and cholinergic striatal interneurons in TS subjects may result in an impaired cortico/thalamic control of striatal neuron firing in TS...

..However, the description of putative alternative exons located downstream from the canonical exon 1 raised the possibility that alternatively spliced transcripts may compensate for the lack of the canonical exon 1 in the Fgf2 -/- mice...

..We suggest that cortical neurogenesis may play a significant role in repairing neuronal losses after neonatal injury...

..We conclude that Fgfr1 is necessary for hippocampal growth, because it promotes the proliferation of hippocampal progenitors and stem cells during development...

..Motor hyperactivity due to hyper-dopaminergic neurotransmission in the basal ganglia is well characterized; much less is known about the role of the neocortex in controlling motor behavior...

..These results provide evidence for the expansive prevalence of Notch signaling in hippocampal morphogenesis and plasticity, suggesting that Notch1 could be a target of diverse traumatic and environmental modulators of adult neurogenesis...

..This annotation reviews recent evidence that points to the likely role of aberrant neural oscillations in the pathogenesis of Tourette syndrome (TS)...

..Our study paves the way to understanding the fundamental question of the extent to which cells of the human body normally acquire structural alterations in their DNA post-zygotically...

..Thus, hiPSC are capable of enacting a transcriptional program specifying human telencephalic (pallial) development. This model will allow the study of human brain development as well as disorders of the human cerebral cortex...

..Our data support the conclusion that hypoxia promotes pluripotency in GFAP(+) cells in the cortical parenchyma. Such plasticity possibly explains the cognitive recovery found in some preterm children...

..The imbalance in striatal and GPi inhibitory neuron distribution suggests that the functional dynamics of cortico-striato-thalamic circuitry are fundamentally altered in severe, persistent TS...

..FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2) has a significant role in the production of cortical neurons during embryogenesis, but its role in the hippocampus during development and in adulthood has not been described...

..Thus, CSH mice revealed developmental and behavioral deficits that are similar to those observed in low birth weight preterm infants...

..Thus, Fgf2 signaling may contribute to the regional specification of the cerebral cortex and may play a role in increasing the size of anterior cortical regions during vertebrate evolution...

..These results demonstrate that early disruption in GABAergic progenitor migration caused by prenatal stress may be responsible for neuronal defects in disorders with GABAergic abnormalities like schizophrenia...

..We will focus on specific growth factor that affect the degree to which neural stem cells naturally present in the brain generate neurons and glia that survive long-term in the injured brain. ..

..Both aspects may offer promising leads to correct or reverse the excitatory and inhibitory neuron imbalances that are present in the cerebral cortex of neuropsychiatric and impulse control disorders. ..

..If confirmed, this hypothesis may represent a catalyst for further investigations on the developmental mechanisms of TS and a step forward in devising future treatment for this disabling condition. ..

..We will focus on specific growth factor that affect the degree to which neural stem cells naturally present in the brain generate neurons and glia that survive long-term in the injured brain. ..

..If confirmed, this hypothesis may represent a catalyst for further investigations on the developmental mechanisms of TS and a step forward in devising future treatment for this disabling condition. ..

..Morphometric and immunocytochemical analyses will include areas where FGF1 and FGF2 are jointly expressed during development. ..

..We further predict that the degree of these impairments will be predicted by the degree of neuronal hypoactivity (as assessed by c-fos immunostaining) within regions of the frontal cortex. ..

..If confirmed, this hypothesis may represent a catalyst for further investigations on the developmental mechanisms of TS and a step forward in devising future treatment for this disabling condition. ..

..The aim is create a resource and analytical tool, which will allow us to examine neuronal differentiation in autism spectrum disorders. ..