Mehmet Sofuoglu

..The data do not strongly support the hypothesis that 5HT(3) agonism is the mechanism by which cotinine offsets the effects of nicotine...

..These findings warrant further investigation, especially in treatment-seeking smokers undergoing cessation treatment...

..The goal of this study was to characterize GAL's actions on multiple outcomes, including withdrawal severity and cognitive performance, as well as subjective and physiological responses to nicotine administered intravenously...

..While the potential public health benefits of this approach are enormous, the guiding concepts and relevant empirical evidence needed to support the implementation of a nicotine reduction policy require a critical examination...

..This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Cognitive Enhancers'...

..The goal of this study was to examine the dose-dependent effects of progesterone on cognitive performance, smoking urges, and smoking behavior in smokers...

..g., sustained attention) in abstinent cocaine users. The potential efficacy of galantamine as a treatment for cocaine abuse needs to be further evaluated in clinical trials...

..In addition, modafinil speeded reaction times on a modified Stroop task. The clinical utility of modafinil for smoking cessation needs to be determined in future studies...

..The mechanism accounting for these findings is unclear, but may involve processes other than decreased glutamate release by riluzole. The effects of glutamate medications on psychostimulant responses need to be further examined...

..How these enhanced subjective amphetamine responses affect cocaine use behavior remains to be determined in future clinical trials...

..4 and the 0.7 mg nicotine doses over placebo. Our model may be useful in the evaluation of the effects of both behavioral and pharmacological manipulations on nicotine self-administration in humans...

..These findings warrant further studies evaluating noradrenergic medications as treatments for stimulant addiction...

..These findings provide limited support for the potential use of minocycline as a treatment of nicotine dependence...

..Future clinical studies optimally designed to measure cognitive function as well as drug use behavior would be needed to test the efficacy of these treatments for marijuana addiction...

..Attenuation of drug reward has been the main strategy for medications development, but this approach has not led to effective treatments. Thus, there is a need to identify novel treatment targets in addition to the brain reward system...

..Although preclinical studies support the contribution of the noradrenergic system activation in mediating the acute effects of amphetamines, these findings have not been followed up in clinical studies...

..Further studies testing the efficacy of cholinergic medications for stimulant addiction are warranted...

..The goal of this study was to determine the effects of progesterone, on acute physiological and subjective responses to intravenous (IV) nicotine in overnight abstinent male and female smokers...

..How varenicline affects the pharmacological effects of pure nicotine has not been examined in humans. The goal of this study was to characterize varenicline's actions on nicotine's dose-dependent effects in abstinent smokers...

..The goal of this study was to determine minocycline's effects on the acute physiological, behavioral, and subjective responses to dextroamphetamine (DAMP) in healthy volunteers...

..Further studies are warranted to examine the role of this differential nicotine sensitivity to development of nicotine dependence and response to nicotine replacement treatments in men and women...

..60 vs. 0.73; U=4837, p<.04). These preliminary findings do not support the efficacy of progesterone in male cocaine users. The efficacy of progesterone in female cocaine users remains to be determined in future studies...

..This hypothesis needs to be tested in prospective clinical trials...

..Attenuation of the rating of 'bad effects' by carvedilol suggests that noradrenergic activation may also mediate the aversive effects of nicotine...

..These results suggest that baseline cocaine urine results should be considered as stratifying variables in clinical trials for cocaine dependence...

..The effects of progesterone treatment on cocaine dependence need to be further studied in controlled trials...

..Further research is needed to develop new pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders and establish clinical guidelines on how to use these medications most effectively...

..These results suggest that isradipine alone or in combination with naltrexone attenuates some of the physiological effects of cocaine...

..Our findings support two dimensions in cocaine withdrawal symptoms with differential effects on cocaine dependence outcomes...

..The utility of adrenergic blockers, in combination with nicotine replacement therapies, for smoking cessation needs to be examined further in controlled clinical trials...

..4 mg/kg of smoked cocaine. These results suggest that history of cocaine withdrawal symptoms may be associated with enhanced cocaine responses and greater severity of cocaine dependence...

..These preclinical studies have not been followed up in systematic human studies...

..Further studies are warranted to examine the effects of progesterone treatment on cocaine dependence...

..GABA medications, including tiagabine, are currently being evaluated in controlled clinical trials for the treatment of cocaine dependence...

..Last, a cocaine vaccine that slows entry of cocaine into the brain holds promise. These promising findings need to be further tested in controlled clinical trials...

..While a recent clinical study has demonstrated the potential utility of topiramate for smoking cessation in alcohol-dependent smokers, the effects of topiramate on tobacco addiction have not been systematically examined in humans...

..These preliminary findings do not support the efficacy of BUPRO, in combination with BUPRE, for the concurrent treatment of opioid and tobacco addiction...

..No effective pharmacotherapies exist for cocaine dependence, although contingency management (CM) has demonstrated efficacy...

..The CU+ patients showed a treatment effect of DMI. This DMI effect was significant in patients maintained on BUP but not on Meth...

..GABAergic medications appear to reduce the reinforcing effects of cocaine by attenuating cocaine-induced dopamine release. This study evaluated gabapentin and tiagabine compared to placebo in reducing cocaine taking behavior...

..We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the GABAergic agent tiagabine in reducing cocaine use among methadone-treated patients...

..These findings support the safety of modafinil in combination with THC. The effects of modafinil in combination with a range of doses of THC need to be determined in future studies...

..The results indicate that neither citalopram nor citalopram augmented with bupropion were more effective than placebo in the treatment of opioid abuse...

..These preliminary findings may point to potential therapeutic value of varenicline for smoking cessation in cocaine users maintained on methadone...

..The goal of this study was to determine pregabalin's effects on smoking behavior, nicotine withdrawal, craving for cigarettes, and cognitive performance...

..Stimulant users smoke cigarettes at high rates; however, little is known about the relationship between tobacco and stimulants...

..However, effective treatments for many subpopulations, including smokers with psychiatric comorbidities as well as adolescent, pregnant, or postpartum smokers, remain to be developed and represent an important challenge...

..These findings have implications for understanding the impact of stress on smoking relapse and model development to assess smoking lapse behavior...

..The efficacy of this vaccine for relapse prevention is under investigation. Many initial promising findings need to be replicated in larger, controlled clinical trials...

..Future research will provide a clearer understanding of the mechanism underlying the cognitive-enhancing actions of nicotine...

..Ultimately, the efficacy of bupropion may be augmented by combination with other agents that target withdrawal and craving through complementary neurobiological processes...

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..Whether the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor sertraline at 200 mg/day delays relapse in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent individuals...

..Future research should focus on resolving contradictions posed by previous studies, and patients who smoke cannabis should be counseled to wait several hours before driving, and avoid combining the two drugs...

..Initial promising findings with genetic polymorphism, brain activation, and stress response have also been found and need to be replicated in future studies...

..We then propose new directions for treatment development and targets that are informed by recent evidence regarding the heterogeneity of addictions and the neurobiological contributions to these disorders...

..Exciting preclinical findings and a steady progression of clinical results offer hope for the development of a treatment for amfetamine dependence...

..Further studies are warranted to investigate the mechanisms of gender influence on CIP, and CIP in pharmacotherapy development for cocaine-dependent individuals...

..The findings of this study will provide valuable information to develop new pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation. ..

..This proposal, by testing the efficacy of carvedilol and investigating the influence of withdrawal severity on carvedilol's efficacy, may result in development of more effective treatments for cocaine addiction. ..

..By characterizing the progesterone effects on nicotine dependence, this study may provide a better understanding of the mechanisms which mediate the sex and menstrual cycle phase effects on nicotine dependence. ..

..This proposal, by testing the efficacy of carvedilol and investigating the influence of withdrawal severity on carvedilol's efficacy, may result in development of more effective treatments for cocaine addiction. ..