LARRY D SCAHILL

..Many children actually show a decline in adaptive skills compared with age mates over time...

..Study measures were similar to previous Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology trials. Subjects in this trial were slightly older and more likely to have complaints of repetitive behavior than participants in RUPP trials...

..To identify the psychosocial and clinical correlates of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a community sample of children and to examine the validity of a subclinical form of ADHD...

..05). These results suggest that parent management training is helpful for short-term improvement in disruptive behavior problems in children with tic disorders. Larger randomized clinical trials are needed...

..Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous disorder with emerging data suggesting that age of onset and/or the presence of tics may define clinically important subgroups...

..To examine the psychometric properties of the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scales (CYBOCS) modified for pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs)...

..The elements of a contemporary diagnostic evaluation and behavioral assessment are presented. The application of discretionary evaluations for special situations are also introduced...

..A common complaint for children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) is hyperactivity. The purpose of this pilot study was to gather preliminary information on the efficacy of guanfacine in children with PDD and hyperactivity...

..To evaluate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in children and adults with Tourette syndrome...

..The review also examines age and gender effects on the frequency of ADHD. The article closes with a discussion of psychosocial correlates and patterns of comorbidity in ADHD...

..This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of guanfacine in treating children with tic disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)...

..To describe the methodological challenges and decisions made in developing a multisite, controlled study of risperidone in children and adolescents with autism...

..Thus, experimental evidence on the beneficial effects of combining pharmacotherapy and exportable behavioral interventions is needed to guide clinical practice...

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..Recent warnings about suicidal thoughts and self-injurious behavior in youth treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors raise fundamental questions about the risk-benefit ratio of this class of medications...

..CONCLUSION: Obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in children with TS became more severe at a later age and were more likely to persist than tic symptoms...

..Appropriate use of the SSRIs in children and adolescents requires careful diagnostic assessment, evaluation of comorbidity, and close monitoring, especially early in treatment...

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..Vineland age-equivalent scores appear to be most useful in assessing change with treatment over time...

..To review the treatment of ADHD in children with chronic tic disorders...

..Parents reported a high level of satisfaction with the intervention. The study supports the feasibility of this intervention to families and highlights challenges for future research in social skills intervention...

..This is a review of progress made in the understanding of Tourette syndrome (TS) during the past decade including models of pathogenesis, state-of-the-art assessment techniques, and treatment...

..Limited data are available on the prevalence of anxiety in these children. We examined frequency and correlates of parent-rated anxiety symptoms in a large sample of children with PDD...

..The authors sought to determine the prevalence, patterns, and demographic correlates of multiple psychotropic pharmacotherapy in a statewide sample of low-income children and adolescents in community-based clinical care...

..When disruptive behavior problems are present, there is an additional burden on children's social and family functioning...

..Recent advances in research models are also reviewed in an attempt to clarify some of the molecular etiologies that lead to these disorders...

..This method has the potential to be applied to other symptom domains where exacerbation thresholds are needed...

..Compared to children without GI problems, those with GI problems showed greater symptom severity on measures of irritability, anxiety, and social withdrawal. Those with GI problems were also less likely to respond to treatment...

..The role of nursing in facilitating collaboration among families, members of the health care team, and advocacy agencies, particularly in children with complex medical and psychiatric difficulties, is highlighted...

..We examined neuropsychological functioning in relatively large and well-characterized samples of children categorized as TS, TS-plus-ADHD, ADHD, and unaffected controls...

..Results may improve clinical practice by providing an empirical approach to the selection of assessment tools...

..To evaluate the efficacy of a 10-session individually administered anger control training (ACT) for adolescents with Tourette's syndrome (TS) and disruptive behavior...

..The existing paradigm for evaluating the evidence base of intervention may need modification to permit a more intricate analysis of the extant research, and increase the sophistication of future research...

..Both clonidine and guanfacine are associated with sedation, fatigue and somnolence. Reductions in heart rate and blood pressure are modest and rarely lead to discontinuation of treatment across these trials...

..Efforts are needed to reduce the frequency of these risk factors in high-risk populations. Future studies, using genetically sensitive designs, are also needed to sort out the causal pathways...

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..To examine the role of aberrant neural oscillatory activity in the pathophysiology of co-occurring Tourette Syndrome (TS) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)...

..The prevalence of acute stress disorder symptoms (ASDS) and other psychiatric comorbidities in youth with recent gunshot injuries...

..The authors examined the developmental impact and temporal characteristics of risperidone-associated weight change...

..The effects of short- and long-term risperidone treatment on serum prolactin were assessed in children and adolescents with autism...

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..Knowledge of these basic mechanisms may inform our medication choices and facilitate treatment of ADHD and related disorders...

..Fluvoxamine can be beneficial in the treatment of select children and adolescents with PDDs. Gender differences in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) response warrant further investigation...

..The evidence supporting efficacy and safety for medications used in patients with TS varies. But this evidence offers the best guide to clinical practice...

..The aim of this review is to highlight the available current pharmacotherapies and those emerging treatments with potential to enhance the treatment options of patients with pervasive developmental disorders...

..Community samples and recent investigations in clinical samples confirm that the presence of ADHD predicts greater disability than that associated with tic disorders alone...

..CONCLUSIONS: The results are consistent with an autoimmune etiology in a subset of cases of Tourette's syndrome...

..DBS resulted in a substantial reduction of tics. These data show that bilateral DBS of the thalamus can have a good effect on severe tics in adult patients suffering from intractable TS...

..The purpose of this effort is to promote responsible treatment of young children, recognizing that this will sometimes involve the use of medications...

..The role of gene variants and urinary adrenergic/noradrenergic measures as biomarkers in moderating response to guanfacine on primary efficacy measures and adverse effects will be explored. ..

..The Informatics group at Yale University will provide data management services. ..

..This trial is designed to address this need by providing information on optimal practices for educating parents to be effective teachers and advocates for their young children. ..

..Furthermore, this five-site network has established reliability on several measures that are relevant to the conduct of clinical trials in children with PDD. ..

..This design will permit demonstration of a clinically relevant effect size for anger control training in adolescents with TS. ..