Robert Malison

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..The authors examined whether striatal dopamine transporters were altered in acutely (96 hours or less) abstinent cocaine-abusing subjects, as suggested by postmortem studies...

..These results do not support the involvement of genetic variation in these three circadian gene SNPs for influencing risks for either of these cocaine phenotypes...

..The high concordance between instruments supports the concurrent validity of the diagnosis. Either interview provides reliable, valid OD diagnoses in Thai-speaking Hmong individuals...

..e., 2-4 mg) occupy a small percentage (i.e., < 25%) of DAT in human cocaine abusers and that much higher, potentially intolerable doses (i.e., > or = 30 mg/day) may be required to antagonize significantly cocaine binding in vivo...

..These findings suggest a limited efficacy for ketoconazole in patients with treatment-refractory major depression...

..The current study examined whether frequency of cocaine and alcohol abuse alters drug craving and associated arousal with laboratory exposure to stress and to drug related cues...

..These findings may aid in understanding the genetic association of this locus with alcohol dependence in several populations...

..Furthermore, these results suggest that common genetic variation within the GAD67 gene does not play a major role in the predisposition to unipolar depression...

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..Variation in the gene for dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH) has been reported to associate with cocaine-induced paranoia as assessed by retrospective self-report. This association has yet to be tested prospectively...

..We tested whether the Pro7 allele is associated with alcohol dependence in European Americans (EA)...

..Altered ventromedial prefrontal activation and increased blood pressure may represent useful CNS and peripheral biomarkers in individualized treatment with methylphenidate for patients with cocaine dependence...

..Here we review the relevant literature on cocaine use and sleep, and discuss the possible relevance of this sleep disturbance in relationship to the underlying disorder and its treatment...

..To test the effects of mechanistically different GABA modulating agents on the disrupted sleep and cognitive function associated with abstinence from cocaine...

..We hypothesized that sleep-related cognitive function would be impaired in chronic cocaine users, and that this impairment would be associated with abstinence-related changes in sleep architecture...

..These data indicate that non-selective or alpha1-preferring benzodiazepine site allosteric activators can interfere with sleep-dependent memory consolidation...

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..These findings support the hypothesis that heightened thalamic reactivity to salient stimuli co-occur with cocaine craving and loss of self control...

..The absence of sleep disturbances in women suggests a need to understand the mechanisms underlying these differences, as such knowledge could lead to novel therapies in cocaine dependence...

..Recent imaging data suggests glutamatergic dysfunction in the corticostriatal pathway in OCD. We investigated the efficacy of augmentation therapy with riluzole, a glutamate-modulating agent, in treatment-resistant OCD...

..In vitro studies of nonneural cells have suggested that the long allele may have higher transcriptional activity than the short allele. However, the relevance of these findings for SERT levels in the brain remains unclear...

..This study used brain imaging to examine the relationship between pretreatment brain SERT availability and transporter occupancy by SSRIs with treatment response in two independent depressed populations...

..This apparent SSRI-induced modulation of the dopamine system may be associated with the side effects of these agents, including sexual dysfunction...

..Previous investigations of the effects of the SLC6A3 polymorphism on DAT availability in smaller samples of humans have yielded divergent results...

..The present study evaluated if previous findings that demonstrated decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) transporter availability in depressed patients would be confirmed in a larger sample and also evaluated sex differences...

..The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of morning-dosed modafinil on sleep and daytime sleepiness in chronic cocaine users...

..However, they report subjectively improving sleep, indicating they are unaware of this "occult" insomnia. These results suggest the possibility of homeostatic sleep drive dysregulation in chronic cocaine users...

..The authors examined whether patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have altered striatal dopamine transporter levels, which may explain psychostimulant effects in this disorder...

..These findings have implications not only for healthy aging but also for neurodegenerative disorders such as PD...

..Although the present investigation did not confirm previous reports of gender differences in striatal DAT availability, controlling for gender in such studies still seems advisable...

..Such procedures may enhance our ability to identify effective pharmacological treatments for cocaine addiction...

..Plasma DbetaH is under genetic control by the structural locus encoding DbetaH protein, DBH. This study tested the hypothesis that diagnosis-specific allelic variation at DBH accounts for lower plasma DbetaH in UDPF...

..Such methods may facilitate our understanding of the vulnerability to CIP in humans...

..This paper addresses whether the availability of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT(1B)) is seen to decrease with aging via PET imaging...

..This study examined the response of brain stress circuits to environmental stimuli that are known to increase cocaine craving in cocaine dependent individuals...

..We sought to examine whether similar phases might characterize self-regulated cocaine use in humans...

..CONCLUSIONS: Severity of cocaine dependence and age of onset appear to be important risk factors for CIP. Concordance for CIP between siblings did not emerge as significant in our analyses...

..CONCLUSIONS: NAC augmentation was effective in treating SRI-refractory OCD in this single case. Further research is warranted to investigate the use of NAC and other glutamate modulating agents in the treatment of OCD...

..More work is needed to elucidate the critical nature and timing of early events that may be associated with enduring neuroendocrine changes in humans...

..This study was undertaken to determine whether IL-6 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) differ between depressed patients and healthy control subjects...

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..Pedigree relationships will be established by interview and confirmed by genetic methods. Such studies, we believe, afford significant, perhaps uniquely powerful, advantages for identifying susceptibility loci for OD. ..

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