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..Objectives. To quantify LA calls in one community, describe EMS returns to the same address within 30 days following an index LA call, and characterize utilization of EMS by LA patients...

..This study was conducted to quantify handover delays experienced by the Ambulance Service of New South Wales (ASNSW), and to investigate patient and system factors associated with handover delay...

..Manual, deterministic, and probabilistic data linkages are described, and potential applications of linked data in EMS research are outlined...

..The device filters out particulate matter and a number of hazardous components of smoke (but does not provide oxygen), providing additional time to escape after the firefighter runs out of SCBA air...

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..5. These research questions are important, and standard sets of outcome measures are needed so that different studies and innovative programs can be compared...

..These may include (for triage criteria) vital signs, chief complaints, and physical exam findings, and (for outcome measures) hospital admission, critical events, death, and diagnosis...

..The study objectives were to determine the effects of the EMD system on first-responder call volume and to assess the safety of the system...

..The directive contains no provisions for exceptions or waiver of informed consent, and may hinder acute resuscitation research in Europe to an even greater degree than the 1996 regulations have in the United States...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using a hand-held carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring device to screen for CO toxicity in FFs under field conditions...

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..Study objectives were to determine how often FR provided patient care at such facilities and whether EMD implementation could conserve FR resources without compromising patient care...

..The proposed algorithms will need further refinement and testing...

..It is important to note that this is not intended to be a comprehensive review of this extensive topic, but instead is designed to report the discussion that occurred at this session of the consensus conference...

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..The study objectives were to develop such a virtual reality system, and use it to assess the ability of trained paramedic students to triage simulated victims using two triage systems...

..The objective of this study was to gather data regarding oxygen, CO, and heat conditions inside a realistic house fire, to examine the validity of these teachings...

..In an effort to help advance a research agenda for knowledge translation in emergency medical services, nine recommendations are put forth to help address the problems identified...

..To examine the extent to which the Utstein style has been used for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA) research since its publication in 1991. The style was developed in an effort to standardize OOHCA research and reporting...

..To assess the availability, scope of practice, and training of physician field response (PFR) units for emergency medical services (EMS) systems in the United States...

..An airport crash drill was used to pilot test the SALT system...

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..This study was conducted to examine these cancellations in major U.S. cities...

..To examine the practice of clinically "clearing" the cervical spine (c-spine) of trauma patients brought to the ED by EMS with cervical immobilization in place, and to examine developing trends in prehospital c-spine clearance...

..This study was conducted to examine the preparedness of emergency departments (EDs) to safely receive, decontaminate, and treat chemically contaminated patients...

..of subcutaneous epinephrine carry a significant enough risk of cardiovascular side effects to mandate age as a relative contraindication to self-administration or emergency medical services administration in the prehospital setting?"..

..This study examined the implementation of these protocols in one urban/suburban EMS system. The objective was to determine how often patients are transported to the ED despite meeting TOR criteria...

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..This paper was developed by the SAEM EMS Task Force and provides a discussion of these new concepts as well as recommendations for the specialty of emergency medicine to foster the continued development of all of the potentials of EMS...

..To assess regulatory trends in EMS medical direction by examining state EMS legislation and regulations, and legal qualifications for medical direction...

..A gelatin intravenous model (GIM) costing less than 50 cents is currently being used in the training of medical students and interns. The study objective was to evaluate paramedic students' perceptions of the GIM as a training tool...

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..The time spent giving a radio report is frequently duplicated in the ED. Radio reports for low-priority patients may not be an efficient or productive use of providers' or nurses' time...

..Crush syndrome is reviewed here from the perspective of prehospital management...

..In this case report, we discuss the application of ACLS to the resuscitation of the hypothermic cardiac arrest patient as well as the issues involved in the prehospital determination of death...

..The study objective was to determine the system's speed and accuracy...

..To study the incidence and nature of injuries sustained by emergency medicine (EM) residents during EMS rotations, and steps taken at EM residency programs to increase resident safety during field activities...

..To describe the advisors and the advice given to residency candidate interviewees interested in specializing in emergency medicine (EM)...

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..The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers, specifically emergency physicians, with regard to the EU Directive as it applies to resuscitation research and informed consent...

..This commentary reviews the methods used in the current literature to evaluate dispatch triage systems...

..Differences between daily and catastrophic surge were discussed, and the need to invoke a hospital-wide response to surge was explored...

..It incorporates aspects from all of the existing triage systems to create a single overarching guide for unifying the mass casualty triage process across the United States...

..5% of EMS runs are for allergy/anaphylaxis complaints, with epinephrine administered in roughly one-tenth of these. State death rates from anaphylaxis vary considerably, with rates from 0% to 0.94% reported...

..To determine if a single mailing from the local volunteer fire department can increase the number of homes with proper, visible address numbering. Proper numbering is essential in rapidly locating a house during an emergency response...

..The study was conducted to understand the prehospital system in Karachi, the mode of transport that adult inpatients use to reach the emergency departments (EDs), and the barriers to the use of ambulances...

..This would allow for more victim data to be studied as well as for more accurate data to be collected. Technologic advancement has encouraged a real-time data-collection model in St. Louis that can act as a model for NDVD implementation...

..Objective. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated studies reporting U.S. paramedics' ability to determine medical necessity of ambulance transport...

..The trauma literature describes 16 prehospital data points that affect outcome and therefore should be included in the EMS report when applicable...

..To assess hospital employees' attitudes and needs regarding work commitments during disasters...

..The goal of the Neely Conference was to bring together EMS experts to define a set of criteria to be used in research studies evaluating dispatch triage and field triage systems...