Gregory Lanza

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..As illustrated in this article, perfluorocarbon nanoparticles offer new tools to recognize and characterize pathology, to identify and segment high-risk patients and to treat chronic and acute disease...

..The fundamental issues surrounding magnetic contrast agent development, rational drug delivery, MR molecular imaging, and their interdependence are elucidated...

..quot; This review will explore biomedical imaging options being pursued to better segment and treat patients with angiogenesis-influenced disease using vascular-constrained contrast platform technologies...

..Moreover, displacement of antiproliferative agents from the intimal surface into the vascular wall is likely to improve rehealing of the endothelium, improving postprocedural management of these patients...

..As perfluorocarbon nanoparticles have recently entered Phase I clinical study, this review provides a timely focus on the development of this platform technology and its application for angiogenesis-related pathologies...

..MR molecular imaging may be useful for characterizing tumors with sparse neovasculature that are unlikely to have a reduced growth response to targeted antiangiogenic therapy...

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..Studies were performed to develop a prolonged antiangiogenesis therapy regimen based on theranostic alpha(nu)beta(3)-targeted nanoparticles...

..The surprisingly high signal generated with very short scan times and low doses of perfluorocarbon indicates that this technique may be useful in clinical settings when coupled with advanced imaging strategies...

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..The resulting data provide upper bounds on blood pool attenuation coefficient and backscatter and will be needed to more precisely define levels of molecular contrast enhancement that may be obtained in vivo...

..This review will focus on liquid perfluorocarbon nanoparticles as (19)F molecular imaging agents and for targeted drug delivery in cancer and cardiovascular disease...

..These data suggest that, tumor exosomes can promote endothelial angiogenic responses, which could contribute to tumor metastatic potential...

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..This technique may be employed to noninvasively detect very small regions of angiogenesis associated with nascent melanoma tumors, and to phenotype and stage early melanoma in a clinical setting...

..Results are presented showing the impact of different smoothing parameters. In addition, if smoothing is preceded by low-pass filtering of the waveforms, further improvements may be obtained...

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..Ligand-targeted nanotherapy to deliver antiangiogenic agents may represent an effective way to treat inflammatory arthritis...

..The future of cardiovascular diagnosis already is being impacted by nanosystems that can both diagnose pathology and treat it with targeted delivery systems...

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..One multimodality platform, targeted perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanoparticles, is useful for noninvasive detection with US and MR, targeted drug delivery, and quantification...

..A doubling of tissue exposure (or area under the curve) is obtained with targeted as compared to control nanoparticles, and key parameter differences are discovered that may aid in development of models for targeted drug delivery...

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..0 T than Robo4. Noninvasive, neovascular assessments of the MR signal of Robo4, particularly combined with α(V)β(3)-integrin expression, may help define tumor character prior to and following cancer therapy...

..If ultimately successful, these emerging molecular imaging agents and techniques will allow early disease recognition and quantification prompting therapeutic intervention before serious sequelae ensue...

..45 +/- 0.02 1/s). These studies demonstrate marked improvement in a fibrin-specific molecular imaging agent that might allow sensitive, early detection of vascular microthrombi, the antecedent to stroke and heart attack...

..CONCLUSIONS: This molecular imaging approach might provide a method for defining the burden and evolution of atherosclerosis in susceptible individuals as well as responsiveness of individual patients to antiatherosclerotic therapies...

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..We further demonstrate markedly enhanced efficacy over conventional transfection agents for suppressing endothelial cell expression of upregulated vascular adhesion molecules...

..This agent offers several-fold CT signal enhancement in vitro and in vivo demonstrating detection sensitivity reaching to the low nanomolar particulate concentration range...

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..Fibrin-targeted GNBs provide a more than tenfold signal enhancement in photoacoustic tomography in the near-IR wavelength window, indicating their potential for diagnostic imaging...

..In this article, we have discussed the opportunities and potential of targeted molecular imaging with various modalities putting a particular emphasis on perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion-based platform technology...

..01). In vivo (19)F DWS can be used for specific detection of bound perfluorocarbon nanoparticles by selectively suppressing background (19)F signal from nanoparticles flowing in blood...

..Computations from a simple transmission-line model used to predict reflectivity enhancement from surface-bound nanoparticles are discussed in light of these results...

..We also showed that fluorine MRI could be used to detect and quantify the development of neovasculature in the excised aortic valve leaflets...

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..For future clinical applications, PFO nanoparticles may provide the best combination of acoustic enhancement, in vivo physical stability, and safety...

..In addition to the synthesis and characterization, sensitive near-infrared photoacoustic detection was impressively demonstrated in vitro...

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..In the present study, the concept of VSMC-targeted nanoparticles as a drug-delivery platform for the prevention of restenosis after angioplasty is studied...

..In this perspective, examples of the progress and the prospects for the future of molecular imaging and linked targeted therapeutics are reviewed...

..This article reviews quantitative 19F MRI applications for mapping tumor oxygenation, assessing molecular expression in vascular diseases, and tracking labeled stem cells...

..This review focuses on recent developments of nanoparticle technologies with an emphasis on cardiovascular applications of magnetic resonance imaging...

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..We suggest that local drug delivery to selected cell types could be facilitated by employing targeted nanoparticles designed specifically to utilize alternative membrane transport mechanisms...

..These results suggest that alpha(nu)beta(3)-targeted fumagillin nanoparticles could provide a safe and effective means to deliver MetAP2 inhibitors alone or in combination with cytotoxic or immunotherapy...

..By combining targeted molecular imaging and localized drug delivery, PFC nanoparticles provide diagnosis and therapy with a single agent...

..We review a variety of nanotechnologies that are capable of detecting early cardiovascular pathology, as well as associated imaging approaches and conjunctive strategies for site-targeted treatment with nanoparticle delivery systems...

..Highlighting clinically available and preclinical applications, this review explores the opportunities and issues surrounding nanomedicine...

..g., drugs) from targeted nanoparticles directly into cell cytoplasm can be augmented rapidly and safely with conventional ultrasound imaging devices through nondestructive mechanisms...

..PARACEST nanoparticles were targeted to clots via antifibrin antibodies and produced a contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of 10 at the clot surface...

..The study shows that the thermodynamic analog is capable of detecting differences in backscattered signals that are not apparent with the B-mode approach...

..This study explored the use of F spectroscopy and imaging with targeted perfluorocarbon nanoparticles for the simultaneous identification of multiple bio-signatures at 1.5 T...

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..In conclusion, MR molecular imaging with alphavbeta3-integrin or collagen Ill-targeted nanoparticles enables the non-invasive, three-dimensional characterization of arterial pathology unanticipated from routine angiography...

..Furthermore, it may be possible to assess the quantity of bound cellular epitopes through acoustic means...

..Successful differentiation among dystrophic, steroid-treated, and normal tissues suggests the potential for local noninvasive monitoring of disease severity and therapeutic effects...

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..This novel strategy dramatically improves the sensitivity and range of (19)F MRI/MRS and forms the basis for designing contrast agents capable of sensing their surface chemistry...

..This method should facilitate longitudinal investigation of cellular events in vivo for multiple cell types simultaneously...

..Combining high-resolution MR molecular imaging with drug delivery will facilitate verification and quantification of treatment (ie, rational targeted therapy) and will offer new clinical approaches to many diseases...

..Thus, for targeted paramagnetic agents carrying high payloads of gadolinium, it is possible to quantify molecular epitopes present in picomolar concentrations in single cells with routine MRI...

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..27 nM) and retains its pore-forming activity after contact-mediated delivery to model bilayer membrane (liposomes) thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of perfluorocarbon nanoparticles as unique nanocarriers for cytolytic peptides...

..The results suggest that elastin is the primary contributor to aortic medial stiffness in the unloaded state, and that there is relatively little anisotropy in the speed of sound or stiffness in the aortic wall...

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..005, student two-tailed paired t-test). Consequently, these imaging techniques may prove useful for longitudinal monitoring of disease progression and therapy...

..As exemplified by perfluorocarbon nanoparticles, these new agents, in combination with the rapid innovations in imaging hardware and software, will allow the emergence of new medical diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms...

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..99, 0.99, and 0.96, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Velocity-encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance can be used routinely as a robust tool to quantify MVA via mitral flow velocity analysis with PHT method...

..In conjunction with rapid improvements in MR imaging, the prospects for personalized medicine and early recognition and treatment of disease have never been better...

..This novel application of molecular imaging and targeted drug delivery could serve as part of a primary prevention strategy to diagnose, treat, and monitor early atherosclerosis. ..

..To evaluate the dose dependent safety of Fibrin-Lytic-NP with particular regard to hemorrhagic complications in vivo rodent surgical wound models. ..

..To evaluate the dose dependent safety of Fibrin-Lytic-NP with particular regard to hemorrhagic complications in vivo rodent surgical wound models. ..

..Demonstrate image-guided drug delivery of antiangiogenic therapy potential with ligand-targeted non-gadolinium nanoplatform in vivo. ..