Barbara Geller

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..There was a paucity of comparative pharmacological research for initial treatment of bipolar I disorder, manic or mixed phase, in children and adolescents...

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..Relationships between environment and cortical-limbic-striatal pathways are not well-researched in child bipolar I disorder (BP-I)...

..Child bipolar I disorder (BP-I) is a contentious diagnosis...

..This study sought to provide rates and predictors of recovery and relapse in children with a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype...

..Differences in mania symptom profiles between investigative groups may be, in part, due to whether child informants were assessed...

..CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with studies of novelty seeking in adults who had either BP or ADHD and are discussed in relationship to genetic studies of dopamine receptors and novelty seeking...

..This question arises because of the greater severity, longer current episode duration, preponderance of mania, and high rates of ultradian rapid cycling and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in PEA-BP-I...

..Comparison with other studies demonstrated the importance of DSM system and severity scales in reporting comorbidity rates...

..Diagnosis of child mania has been contentious...

..g., children do not "max" out credit cards or have four marriages). To address this issue, our group investigated prepubertal and early adolescent age equivalents of adult mania behaviors...

..Continuities between PEA-BP and adult bipolar disorder and relationships of PEA-BP to other descriptions of child mania are discussed...

..Moreover, pediatricians may be more likely to refer children to psychiatrists when depression or suicidality is evident...

..7% versus 55.6%, chi2 = 8.3, p = .004). Parent-child concordance on reporting encopresis and enuresis was poor to fair. CONCLUSIONS: Children with PEA-BP need to be evaluated for encopresis, enuresis, and mother-child relationships...

..Transmission of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66 allele in children with a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype was examined...

..Preferential transmission of the number of AVPR1A microsatellite repeats to hypersexual and uninhibited people-seeking probands was hypothesized, based on reports from preclinical work in the literature...

..In contrast to studies of adult bipolar I disorder (BP-I), there is a paucity of data on psychotic phenomena in child BP-I. Therefore, the aim of this work was to describe delusions and hallucinations in pediatric BP-I...

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..Thus, it is of interest to examine the association of GAD1 to child BP-I because of its recently reported association to childhood SZ...

..BP I in first-degree relatives, antidepressants, psychosocial measures, and life events were not predictive...

..These data may reflect actual sample differences, but the absence of uniformly applied definitions of episode duration, number of lifetime episodes and daily rapid cycling patterns during episodes may also account for these differences...

..CONCLUSION: Counterintuitively, typical 7-year-old children with PEA-BP were more severely ill than typical 27 year olds with adult-onset mania. Moreover, longitudinal data strongly supported differentiation of PEA-BP from ADHD...

..To examine the representativeness of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) sample versus one obtained by consecutive new case ascertainment, for subjects with child bipolar I disorder...

..2) Cycles will be defined by mood switches occurring daily or every few days during an episode. Further research will be needed to elucidate potential differences between child and adult cycling patterns...

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..Our exposition is developed in the specific clinical context of childhood mania to maximize accessibility of the ideas but applies more generally to other chronic mental and physical health disorders that are difficult to treat...

..Research is needed on the ethical conduct of studies to limit risks of medication-free intervals and facilitate poststudy treatment. Patients must fully understand the risks and lack of individualized treatment involved in research...

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..This application is a second revision to NIMH R01 MH57451. ..

..Establishing high familial aggregation of bipolar disorders in relatives of PEA-BP probands will provide the basis for future genetic and genetic-environment interaction studies. ..

..Addressing this compelling question will provide prognostic information to families and will inform the design of urgently needed prevention and intervention studies. ..

..The high rates of suicide an substance dependency in adolescent BP warrant intense efforts to increase our knowledge of childhood onset BP disorders. ..