Kenneth Freedland

..To determine whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) interferes with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for depression in patients with coronary heart disease...

..Further research is needed to clarify the relationships among depression, heart failure, and adverse outcomes, as well as to develop efficacious interventions for depressive disorders in patients with heart failure...

..Why? What determines the importance of psychosocial predictors of medical outcomes? How can health psychologists increase the impact of biopsychosocial research?..

..There has been little research on the treatment of depression after coronary artery bypass surgery...

..To review contemporary multivariable modeling and statistical reporting practices in psychosomatic and behavioral medicine research...

..To evaluate the use of existing practice control groups in randomized controlled trials of behavioral interventions and the role of extrinsic health care services in the design and conduct of behavioral trials...

..Quantification of ultradian patterns of HRV is feasible and could provide new insights into autonomic physiology...

..99; NNFI =.99; RMSEA =.05). It did not support a sickness behavior model in which the inflammatory molecules arising from expanded adipose tissue promote depressive symptoms...

..This article reports the prevalence of depression in a larger sample of hospitalized patients with CHF and identifies demographic, medical, psychosocial, and methodological factors that may affect prevalence estimates...

..It is also associated with sleep disturbances and with elevated HR, which may be more pronounced at night. Resting and 24-hour HR have been found to predict mortality in patient and community samples...

..e., abnormal turbulence) to premature ventricular contractions (VPCs), and b) whether abnormal HR turbulence accounts for the effect of depression on increased mortality after AMI...

..We have developed a method for capturing these rhythms during sleep and have now applied it to 24-hour recordings...

..In this study, we applied mediational analysis methods to determine whether the hyperglycemic effect of depression could be mediated by poor diabetes self-care...

..More effective treatments for depression will have to be developed if this hypothesis is to be tested with sufficient power in attainable samples...

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..Depression is associated with an increased risk for mortality after acute myocardial infarction (MI). The purpose of this study was to determine whether low heart rate variability (HRV) mediates the effect of depression on mortality...

..Directions for future research are also considered, with particular emphasis on efforts to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to develop more efficacious treatments for depression in patients with coronary heart disease...

..Recent reports suggest that the level of risk may depend on whether the comorbid MD is a first or a recurrent episode...

..Cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation, proinflammatory processes, and procoagulant processes have been suggested as possible explanations...

..Both behavioural and physiological factors have been proposed as mechanisms that may explain the negative effect of depression on coronary heart disease (CHD). Our aim is to review some of the most important findings since our prior review...

..In patients with diabetes mellitus, depression is a prevalent and recurrent problem that adversely affects the medical prognosis...

..Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is frequently comorbid with depression and is also a risk factor for cardiac events. Undetected OSAHS could help explain the increased risk associated with depression...

..This article describes screening techniques for use in primary care and cardiology settings, and discusses the safety and efficacy of available treatments for depression in patients with CHD...

..This study evaluates whether depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI) in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between 30 and 79 years of age...

..The objective of this study was to examine whether depression is independently associated with lower self-reported sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), after controlling for polysomnographic measures of sleep...

..Even minor depression is associated with an increased risk. Although it is not known whether treating depression can improve survival, patients with depression should be recognized as being at increased risk long after their acute MI...

..Increased body mass appears to be partially, although not completely, responsible for this relation...

..The purpose of this study was to determine whether depression is associated with increased QT variability in patients recovering from myocardial infarction...

..This manuscript provides an overview of this literature and concludes that HRV may account for a substantial part of the risk associated with depression in CHD...

..Depression predicts onset of and poor outcome from CHD in nondiabetic populations. We hypothesized that the doubled rates of depression in female diabetic patients could help explain the high prevalence of CHD in women with diabetes...

..inflammatory processes. Despite recent advances in our understanding of these potential mechanisms, further research is needed to determine how depression increases risk for cardiac morbidity and mortality...

..The relationship is most apparent for patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction. Many questions about the impact of depression on heart disease remain unresolved...

..Women are at higher risk than men for stroke after cardiac operation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate for gender influences on the more common postoperative neurologic complication, cognitive dysfunction...

..In conclusion, depression was an independent risk factor for death after AMI, but it did not have a significant effect on mortality until nearly 12 months after the acute event, nor did it predict nonfatal recurrent infarction...

..Low intake of omega-3 FAs is associated with depression and with low HRV, and all three are associated with an increased risk of death in patients with CHD...

..Studies of depressed psychiatric patients have shown that antidepressant efficacy can be increased by augmentation with omega-3 fatty acids...

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..Depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI), but little is known about the independent or additive risk from anxiety disorders...

..It also examines the relationship between change in depression and late mortality...

..To review the research literature on temporal variation in mortality rates around symbolically important occasions...

..The present study uses a national Veterans Affairs cohort to test whether antidepressants increase or decrease risk of MI and all-cause mortality...

..Additional epidemiological studies are needed to determine the prevalence of anxiety in the broader population of persons with diabetes...

..The DISH is efficient in yielding both a DSM-IV depression diagnosis and a 17-item Hamilton depression score...

..CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes, poor initial response to antidepressant medication is predicted by multiple factors. Auxiliary treatment of pain and impairment may be required to achieve better outcomes...

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..Additional studies are required to confirm the magnitude of the relationship, to elucidate moderating and causal factors, and to determine whether successful treatment of anxiety improves glycemic control...

..CPAP is a highly effective treatment for OSA. Low adherence to CPAP therapy is common and poorly understood. Depression and lack of perceived benefits from CPAP are possible reasons for low adherence...

..We conclude that mood state influences cardiac patients' beliefs about the causes of their heart disease...

..Traditional predictors of mortality in patients with reduced LVEF may not apply to elderly patients with preserved LVEF...

..Although coping strategies are related to QOL in patients with ESLD, the extent to which specific native lung disease moderates this relationship is unknown...

..This study examined various aspects of social support as they relate to depressive symptoms in patients with MI, both in the hospital and 2 weeks later...

..The purpose of this study was to determine whether depressive symptoms are associated with low heart rate variability (HRV) and prolonged HR recovery after exercise testing in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD)...

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..However, the extent to which clinical depression is related to comorbid medical conditions is unknown. This study examined the degree of association between clinical depression and medical comorbidity in patients hospitalized with AMI...

..These findings highlight the importance of considering both the independent and interactive relationships among psychosocial characteristics involved in disease...

..This investigation compared the prevalence of depression in patients with and without HF who were hospitalized with myocardial infarction (MI) and also at high psychosocial risk...

..This study examined whether depressive symptoms are associated with the dysregulation of inflammatory cytokine production in response to an in vitro infectious challenge...

..This report analyzes the effect of the intervention on quality of life (QOL), which was an important secondary outcome...

..In doing so, they highlight a mechanism through which depressive symptoms might foster morbidity and mortality among patients who have cardiac disease...

..The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened an interdisciplinary working group of experts to develop recommendations for the assessment and treatment of depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)...

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..Despite the severity of pulmonary disease in this patient population, significant improvements in quality of life, but not somatic measures or survival to transplant, were achieved...

..5 percent of the patients, respectively. Patients admitted to psychiatric inpatient units should be carefully evaluated for physical disease...

..The effects of treatment on other outcomes such as physical activity and rehospitalizations will also be investigated. ..

..The results will clarify the early course of post-MI depression and the mechanisms linking depression to cardiac events, and they will inform efforts to develop more efficacious treatments. ..

..Secondary analyses will test the effects of treatment on remission, neurocognitive and functional recovery, quality of life, and examine the relationships between treatment process and outcome variables. ..

..The effects of treatment on other outcomes such as physical activity and rehospitalizations will also be investigated. ..