Research Topics
| Luigi FontanaSummaryAffiliation: Washington University School of Medicine Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Calorie restriction and cardiometabolic healthLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences and Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 15:3-9. 2008....
Neuroendocrine factors in the regulation of inflammation: excessive adiposity and calorie restrictionLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, 4566 Scott Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Exp Gerontol 44:41-5. 2009..Measuring tissue specific effects of CR using genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic techniques in humans will foster the understanding of the complex biological processes involved in the anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects of CR...
Long-term low-calorie low-protein vegan diet and endurance exercise are associated with low cardiometabolic riskLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences and Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, 4566 Scott Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Rejuvenation Res 10:225-34. 2007..We evaluated the long-term effects of consuming a low-calorie low-protein vegan diet or performing regular endurance exercise on cardiometabolic risk factors...- Calorie restriction or exercise: effects on coronary heart disease risk factors. A randomized, controlled trialLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293:E197-202. 2007..Data from the present study provide evidence that CR- and EX-induced negative energy balance result in substantial and similar improvements in the major risk factors for CHD in normal-weight and overweight middle-aged adults... - Impaired mononuclear cell immune function in extreme obesity is corrected by weight lossLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
Rejuvenation Res 10:41-6. 2007.... - Aging, adiposity, and calorie restrictionLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science and Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
JAMA 297:986-94. 2007..In rodent models, calorie restriction with adequate nutrient intake decreases the risk of developing chronic disease and extends maximum life span... - Long-term low-protein, low-calorie diet and endurance exercise modulate metabolic factors associated with cancer riskLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science and the Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 84:1456-62. 2006..Western diets, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles are associated with increased cancer risk. The mechanisms responsible for this increased risk, however, are not clear... - Effect of long-term calorie restriction with adequate protein and micronutrients on thyroid hormonesLuigi Fontana
Washington University School of Medicine, 4566 Scott Avenue, Campus Box 8113, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:3232-5. 2006..Caloric restriction (CR) retards aging in mammals. It has been hypothesized that a reduction in T(3) hormone may increase life span by conserving energy and reducing free-radical production... - Low bone mass in subjects on a long-term raw vegetarian dietLuigi Fontana
Section of Applied Physiology, Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Arch Intern Med 165:684-9. 2005..Little is known regarding the health effects of a raw food (RF) vegetarian diet... - Improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin action induced by increasing energy expenditure or decreasing energy intake: a randomized controlled trialEdward P Weiss
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 84:1033-42. 2006..However, it does not appear that exercise training-induced weight loss results in greater improvements than those that result from calorie restriction alone... - Lower extremity muscle size and strength and aerobic capacity decrease with caloric restriction but not with exercise-induced weight lossEdward P Weiss
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
J Appl Physiol 102:634-40. 2007..These findings suggest that, during EX, the body adapts to maintain or even enhance physical performance capacity... - The effects of caloric restriction- and exercise-induced weight loss on left ventricular diastolic functionMatt M Riordan
Cardiovascular Biophysics Laboratory, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 294:H1174-82. 2008..13) tended to increase. We conclude that weight loss, whether induced by CR or Ex, has salutary effects on diastolic function... - Effect of lifestyle intervention on metabolic coronary heart disease risk factors in obese older adultsDennis T Villareal
Geriatrics and Nutritional Science and the Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 84:1317-23. 2006..Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors increase with age and body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2). However, whether lifestyle intervention ameliorates metabolic CHD risk factors in obese older adults is unknown... - Bone mineral density response to caloric restriction-induced weight loss or exercise-induced weight loss: a randomized controlled trialDennis T Villareal
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Arch Intern Med 166:2502-10. 2006..We tested the hypothesis that EX-induced weight loss is associated with less bone loss compared with CR-induced weight loss... - One year of caloric restriction in humans: feasibility and effects on body composition and abdominal adipose tissueSusan B Racette
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108 2212, USA
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 61:943-50. 2006..The objectives of this study were to determine the feasibility of prolonged CR in nonobese adults and to compare the effects of CR- and exercise-induced weight loss on body composition and abdominal adiposity... - Effects of long-term calorie restriction and endurance exercise on glucose tolerance, insulin action, and adipokine productionLuigi Fontana
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Age (Dordr) 32:97-108. 2010..This impaired glucose tolerance is associated with lower circulating levels of IGF-1, total testosterone, and triiodothyronine, which are typical adaptations to life-extending CR in rodents... - Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) replacement decreases insulin resistance and lowers inflammatory cytokines in aging humansEdward P Weiss
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Aging (Albany NY) 3:533-42. 2011..Year 2 was an open label continuation. DHEA replacement improved glucose tolerance in participants who had abnormal GT initially, reduced plasma triglycerides, and the inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNFα... - Long-term calorie restriction, but not endurance exercise, lowers core body temperature in humansAndreea Soare
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences and Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
Aging (Albany NY) 3:374-9. 2011..This adaptation is likely due to CR itself, rather than to leanness, and may be involved in slowing the rate of aging... - Caloric restriction but not exercise-induced reductions in fat mass decrease plasma triiodothyronine concentrations: a randomized controlled trialEdward P Weiss
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Rejuvenation Res 11:605-9. 2008..This effect does not appear to be attributable to changes in body fat mass because a comparable decrease in T(3) concentration was not observed in response to an exercise-induced fat mass reduction... - Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy in older adults: 1- and 2-y effects on boneEdward P Weiss
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 89:1459-67. 2009..Age-related reductions in serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentrations may be involved in bone mineral density (BMD) losses... - Long-term effects of calorie or protein restriction on serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 concentration in humansLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Aging Cell 7:681-7. 2008.... - Caloric restriction may reverse age-related autonomic decline in humansPhyllis K Stein
HRV Laboratory, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Aging Cell 11:644-50. 2012.... - Absence of an effect of liposuction on insulin action and risk factors for coronary heart diseaseSamuel Klein
Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis 63110, USA
N Engl J Med 350:2549-57. 2004..CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal liposuction does not significantly improve obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities. Decreasing adipose tissue mass alone will not achieve the metabolic benefits of weight loss... - Reduced bone mineral density is not associated with significantly reduced bone quality in men and women practicing long-term calorie restriction with adequate nutritionDennis T Villareal
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Aging Cell 10:96-102. 2011..These findings suggest that markedly reduced BMD is not associated with significantly reduced bone quality in middle-aged men and women practicing long-term calorie restriction with adequate nutrition... - Long-term caloric restriction ameliorates the decline in diastolic function in humansTimothy E Meyer
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
J Am Coll Cardiol 47:398-402. 2006..These beneficial effects on cardiac function might be mediated by the effect of CR on blood pressure, systemic inflammation, and myocardial fibrosis... - Preferential reductions in intermuscular and visceral adipose tissue with exercise-induced weight loss compared with calorie restrictionJoan C Murphy
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO 63104, USA
J Appl Physiol 112:79-85. 2012..64; P = 0.006). In conclusion, calorie restriction and exercise-induced weight loss both decrease IMAT and VAT volumes. However, exercise appears to result in preferential reductions in these fat depots... - Systemic acid load from the diet affects maximal-exercise RERKatherine Niekamp
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
Med Sci Sports Exerc 44:709-15. 2012..Because RER(max) is heavily influenced by CO2 production from acid buffering during maximal exercise, we postulated that dietary acid load, which affects acid-base regulation, might contribute to variability in RER(max)... - Visceral fat adipokine secretion is associated with systemic inflammation in obese humansLuigi Fontana
Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8031, 660 South Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Diabetes 56:1010-3. 2007..These data suggest that visceral fat is an important site for IL-6 secretion and provide a potential mechanistic link between visceral fat and systemic inflammation in people with abdominal obesity... - Growth factors, nutrient signaling, and cardiovascular agingLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Circ Res 110:1139-50. 2012..Here, we review the link between growth factors, cardiac function, and heart disease with focus on the cardioprotective and sensitizing effect of growth factors in both model organisms and humans... - Calorie restriction and prevention of age-associated chronic diseaseDaniela Omodei
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
FEBS Lett 585:1537-42. 2011..Cancer morbidity and mortality are also diminished in CR monkeys, and data obtained from individuals practicing long-term CR show a reduction of metabolic and hormonal factors associated with increased cancer risk... - Modulating human aging and age-associated diseasesLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science and Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Biochim Biophys Acta 1790:1133-8. 2009..Additional studies are needed to understand the complex interactions of factors that regulate aging and age-associated chronic disease... - [Nutrition, adiposity and health]Luigi Fontana
Reparto di alimentazione, nutrizione e salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma
Epidemiol Prev 31:290-4. 2007..Additional studies are needed to identify the precise calorie, protein and polyphenols intake and amount of exercise needed for optimal health in each individual, depending on his/her age, sex and genetic background... - Caloric restriction in humansJohn O Holloszy
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, 4566 Scott Avenue, Campus Box 8113, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Exp Gerontol 42:709-12. 2007.... - Long-term calorie restriction is highly effective in reducing the risk for atherosclerosis in humansLuigi Fontana
Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:6659-63. 2004..Based on a range of risk factors, it appears that long-term CR has a powerful protective effect against atherosclerosis. This interpretation is supported by the finding of a low carotid artery IMT... - Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy in older adults improves indices of arterial stiffnessEdward P Weiss
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Aging Cell 11:876-84. 2012..Arterial stiffness increases with age and is an independent risk factor for CVD. Therefore, the improvements observed in this study suggest that DHEA replacement might partly reverse arterial aging and reduce CVD risk... - The scientific basis of caloric restriction leading to longer lifeLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Curr Opin Gastroenterol 25:144-50. 2009..The present review discusses the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of calorie restriction in modulating metabolism and aging... - Long-term effects of calorie restriction on serum sex-hormone concentrations in menRoberto Cangemi
Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Aging Cell 9:236-42. 2010..More studies are needed to understand the role of this CR-mediated reduction in sex hormones in modulating the pathogenesis of age-associated chronic diseases such as cancer and the aging process itself... - Extending healthy life span--from yeast to humansLuigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Science 328:321-6. 2010..We discuss these findings and their potential application to prevention of age-related disease and promotion of healthy aging in humans, and the challenge of possible negative side effects... - Resveratrol supplementation does not improve metabolic function in nonobese women with normal glucose toleranceJun Yoshino
Center for Human Nutrition and Atkins Center of Excellence in Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Cell Metab 16:658-64. 2012..These findings demonstrate that resveratrol supplementation does not have beneficial metabolic effects in nonobese, postmenopausal women with normal glucose tolerance... - Diet drives convergence in gut microbiome functions across mammalian phylogeny and within humansBrian D Muegge
Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA
Science 332:970-4. 2011..These results illustrate the value of characterizing vertebrate gut microbiomes to understand host evolutionary histories at a supraorganismal level... - Long-term effects of caloric restriction or exercise on DNA and RNA oxidation levels in white blood cells and urine in humansTim Hofer
Department of Aging and Geriatrics, Division of Clinical Research, and Genomics and Biomarkers Core of The Institute on Aging, University of Florida, 210 East Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Rejuvenation Res 11:793-9. 2008.... - Excessive adiposity, calorie restriction, and agingLuigi Fontana
JAMA 295:1577-8. 2006 - Oxidative stress and antioxidant defence in a healthy nonagenarian populationEmanuela Balbis
Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Genova, Italy
Redox Rep 12:59-62. 2007.... - Anti malondialdehyde-adduct immunological response as a possible marker of successful agingNicola Traverso
Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
Exp Gerontol 38:1129-35. 2003..The low level of protein carbonyl might reflect the more efficient removal of damaged proteins... - Assessment of autonomic function in untreated adult coeliac diseaseGian-Marco Giorgetti
Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Nutrition Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy
World J Gastroenterol 10:2715-8. 2004..CONCLUSION: This study failed to confirm a significant correlation between autonomic dysfunction and coeliac disease, yet we could not exclude a role of autonomic dysfunction in the genesis of systemic symptoms in some coeliacs... - Favourable response to infliximab in a case of bilateral refractory Mooren's ulcerLuigi Fontana
Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 35:871-3. 2007....