Research Topics
Genomes and GenesSpecies | Anne CrossSummaryAffiliation: Washington University School of Medicine Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Update on multiple sclerosis, its diagnosis and treatmentsAnne H Cross
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Clin Chem Lab Med 50:1203-10. 2012..Several treatments are now available to decrease relapse rate and slow the accumulation of disability in patients with relapsing MS, but there is currently no effective treatment to slow the progressive forms of MS...
Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity correlate with disease activity in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisA H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 71:145-53. 1996..The correlation of functional iNOS expression with active disease in EAE in consistent with a pathogenic role for excess NO in this model of cell-mediated central nervous system autoimmunity...- NOS2 regulates cytokine production and VLA-4 expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisAnne H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 173:79-86. 2006..NO plays an important regulatory role in autoimmune T cell induction... 
Rituximab reduces B cells and T cells in cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patientsAnne H Cross
Box 8111, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 180:63-70. 2006..In summary, rituximab depleted B cells from CSF at 24 weeks after initial treatment, and this B cell depletion was associated with a reduction in CSF T cells as well...- MS and the B cell controversyAnne H Cross
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
Biochim Biophys Acta 1812:231-8. 2011..Notably, reduction of enhancing brain lesions was not accompanied by reduction in CSF immunoglobulins. Whether the critical role of B cells occurs in the periphery, in the CNS, or in both locations has not yet been determined... - Humoral immunity in multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisAnne H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Immunol Res 32:85-97. 2005.... - B cells and antibodies in CNS demyelinating diseaseA H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8111, 660 S Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 112:1-14. 2001..The role(s) played by B cells, plasma cells, and antibodies in CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases are likely to be multifactorial and complex, involving distinct and perhaps opposing roles for B cells versus antibody... - Astrocytes and central nervous system endothelial cells do not express B7-1 (CD80) or B7-2 (CD86) immunoreactivity during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisA H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 110:76-82. 2000..These results suggest that neither astrocytes nor CNS EC can deliver co-stimulatory signals via B7 molecules in the setting of murine EAE, rendering them incapable of acting as fully competent APCs... - A catalyst of peroxynitrite decomposition inhibits murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisA H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8111, 660 S Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 107:21-8. 2000..PN plays an important role distinct from that of NO in the pathogenesis of EAE, a major model for MS... - T cells are the main cell type expressing B7-1 and B7-2 in the central nervous system during acute, relapsing and chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisA H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis 63110, USA
Eur J Immunol 29:3140-7. 1999.... - Peroxynitrite formation within the central nervous system in active multiple sclerosisA H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 88:45-56. 1998..These data suggest that peroxynitrite formation is a major consequence of NO produced in MS-affected CNS and implicate a role for this powerful oxidant in the pathogenesis of MS... - Evidence for the production of peroxynitrite in inflammatory CNS demyelinationA H Cross
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 80:121-30. 1997..These data strongly suggest that peroxynitrite formation is a major consequence of NO produced via iNOS, and implicate this powerful oxidant in the pathogenesis of EAE... - Rostrocaudal analysis of corpus callosum demyelination and axon damage across disease stages refines diffusion tensor imaging correlations with pathological featuresMingqiang Xie
Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 69:704-16. 2010.... - Evolving Wallerian degeneration after transient retinal ischemia in mice characterized by diffusion tensor imagingShu Wei Sun
Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Neuroimage 40:1-10. 2008..The current results suggest that axial and radial diffusivities are capable of reflecting the severity of axonal and myelin damage in mice as assessed using immunohistochemistry... - Axonal injury detected by in vivo diffusion tensor imaging correlates with neurological disability in a mouse model of multiple sclerosisMatthew D Budde
Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
NMR Biomed 21:589-97. 2008..The results further the notion that axial diffusivity is a non-invasive marker of axonal damage in white matter and could provide the necessary link between pathology and neurological disability... - Changes in B- and T-lymphocyte and chemokine levels with rituximab treatment in multiple sclerosisLaura Piccio
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Arch Neurol 67:707-14. 2010..B cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. A beneficial effect of B-cell depletion using rituximab has been shown, but the complete mechanism of action for this drug is unclear... - Dysmyelinated axons in shiverer mice are highly vulnerable to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor-mediated toxicityDavid Pitt
Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Brain Res 1309:146-54. 2010..Further understanding of AMPA receptor-mediated axonal toxicity may provide new targets for neuroprotective therapy in WM diseases... - Axial diffusivity is the primary correlate of axonal injury in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis spinal cord: a quantitative pixelwise analysisMatthew D Budde
Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
J Neurosci 29:2805-13. 2009..The results demonstrate a strong, quantitative relationship between axial diffusivity and axonal damage and show that anisotropy is not specific for axonal damage after inflammatory demyelination... - Noninvasive detection of cuprizone induced axonal damage and demyelination in the mouse corpus callosumShu-Wei Sun
Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
Magn Reson Med 55:302-8. 2006..Our results suggest that lambda(parallel) and lambda(perpendicular) may be useful in vivo surrogate markers of axonal and myelin damage in mouse CNS white matter... - Detecting axon damage in spinal cord from a mouse model of multiple sclerosisJoong Hee Kim
Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Neurobiol Dis 21:626-32. 2006..Our findings suggest that axonal damage is more widespread than myelin damage in the spinal cord white matter of mice with EAE and that in vivo DTI may provide a sensitive and specific measure of white matter injury... - B cells limit epitope spreading and reduce severity of EAE induced with PLP peptide in BALB/c miceJeri Anne Lyons
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University, 660 S Euclid, Box 8111, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Autoimmun 31:149-55. 2008..These data suggest that B cells regulate PLP-induced EAE in BALB/c mice through control of epitope spreading... - Assessing optic nerve pathology with diffusion MRI: from mouse to humanJunqian Xu
Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
NMR Biomed 21:928-40. 2008..From different mouse models of optic nerve injuries to the emerging studies on patients with optic neuritis, directional diffusivities show great potential to be specific biomarkers for axonal and myelin injury... - Toward accurate diagnosis of white matter pathology using diffusion tensor imagingMatthew D Budde
Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
Magn Reson Med 57:688-95. 2007..The results suggest that directional diffusivities may reveal abnormalities that are not obvious with SMI-31 and LFB staining, depending on the type of injury... - Identification of soluble TREM-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid and its association with multiple sclerosis and CNS inflammationLaura Piccio
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Brain 131:3081-91. 2008..The elevated levels of sTREM-2 in CSF of multiple sclerosis patients may inhibit the anti-inflammatory function of the membrane-bound receptor suggesting sTREM-2 to be a possible target for future therapies... - Limited sufficiency of antigen presentation by dendritic cells in models of central nervous system autoimmunityGregory F Wu
Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19004, USA
J Autoimmun 36:56-64. 2011..These results indicate that DCs are capable of perpetuating CNS-targeted autoimmunity when antigens are readily available, but other APCs are required to efficiently initiate pathogenic cognate CD4 T cell responses... - Differential sensitivity of in vivo and ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging to evolving optic nerve injury in mice with retinal ischemiaShu Wei Sun
Department of Radiology, Biomedical MR Laboratory, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Neuroimage 32:1195-204. 2006..Despite the accurate depiction of the pathology using lambda(||) and lambda( perpendicular) in vivo, the use of ex vivo lambda(||) to extrapolate the status of axonal injury in vivo would require further investigation... - Chronic calorie restriction attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisLaura Piccio
Department of Neurology, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Leukoc Biol 84:940-8. 2008..CR with adequate nutrition and careful medical monitoring should be explored as a potential treatment for MS... - The present efficacy of multiple sclerosis therapeutics: Is the new 66% just the old 33%?Eric C Klawiter
Department of Neurology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Neurology 73:984-90. 2009..In this article, we debate the relative efficacy of natalizumab vs the older injectable therapies... - Acute and bilateral blindness due to optic neuropathy associated with copper deficiencyRobert T Naismith
Department of Neurology, Washington University, Campus Box 8111, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Arch Neurol 66:1025-7. 2009..Acquired copper deficiency in adults is associated with a subacute to chronic progressive myeloneuropathy and optic neuropathy... - Selective vulnerability of cerebral white matter in a murine model of multiple sclerosis detected using diffusion tensor imagingShu Wei Sun
Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Neurobiol Dis 28:30-8. 2007..The present study demonstrated that the visual pathway is selectively affected in MOG(35-55) induced murine EAE and these injuries are non-invasively detectable using lambda(parallel) and lambda( perpendicular)... - Critical role of antigen-specific antibody in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by recombinant myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproteinJeri Anne Lyons
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
Eur J Immunol 32:1905-13. 2002..These data strongly suggest that MOG-specific antibody is critical to the initiation of MOG-induced murine EAE... - Dysmyelination revealed through MRI as increased radial (but unchanged axial) diffusion of waterSheng Kwei Song
Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
Neuroimage 17:1429-36. 2002..Although further validation is still needed, our finding suggests that changes in lambda(perpendicular) and lambda(parallel) may potentially be used to differentiate myelin loss versus axonal injury... - Identification of the encephalitogenic epitopes of CNS proteolipid protein in BALB/c miceJeri Anne Lyons
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Autoimmun 19:195-201. 2002..0). One-micron toluidine blue stained sections from the spinal cord of EAE-affected BALB/c mice revealed features typical of EAE in other strains, including mononuclear cell infiltration, myelin loss, and axonal loss... - Rapid onset mitoxantrone-induced cardiotoxicity in secondary progressive multiple sclerosisJagannadha R Avasarala
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Mult Scler 9:59-62. 2003..It is suggested that more stringent cardiac monitoring guidelines than current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommendations be used to avert potential cardiac complications in SPMS patients on Mitoxantrone... - Comparative assessment of Yale Single Question and Beck Depression Inventory Scale in screening for depression in multiple sclerosisJagannadha R Avasarala
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Mult Scler 9:307-10. 2003..In addition, we sought to assess the sensitivity, specificity the positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) of the YSQ... - Diffusion tensor imaging detects and differentiates axon and myelin degeneration in mouse optic nerve after retinal ischemiaSheng Kwei Song
Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Neuroimage 20:1714-22. 2003.... - Demyelination increases radial diffusivity in corpus callosum of mouse brainSheng Kwei Song
Department of Radiology, Biomedical MR Laboratory, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Neuroimage 26:132-40. 2005..Radial diffusivity offers a specific assessment of demyelination and remyelination, as distinct from acute axonal damage... - Differential expression of suppressors of cytokine signaling-1 and -3 and related cytokines in central nervous system during remitting versus non-remitting forms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisJennifer L Stark
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8111, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
Int Immunol 18:347-53. 2006..Comparison of these models suggests that cytokine autoregulatory mechanisms involving SOCS may play a role in determining the course of EAE... - Elevated CSF free kappa light chains correlate with disability prognosis in multiple sclerosisJohn R Rinker
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Neurology 67:1288-90. 2006..Levels > or = 1.53 microg/mL predicted progression to need for ambulatory assistance during follow-up (specificity 87.5%, positive predictive value 88.9%) or within 10 years (specificity 78.6%, positive predictive value 66.7%)... - Higher IgG index found in African Americans versus Caucasians with multiple sclerosisJohn R Rinker
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Neurology 69:68-72. 2007..Interethnic immunologic differences in MS and their relationship to disease-related disability have not been described... - B cells: no longer the nondominant arm of multiple sclerosisEric C Klawiter
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8111, 660 S Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 7:231-8. 2007..Effects of established MS treatments on B cells and their products have been further defined. Treatments that specifically target B cells are being implemented and hold promise... - The relationship of sleep disturbances and fatigue in multiple sclerosisHrayr P Attarian
Department of Neurology, University of Vermont, Burlington 05401, USA
Arch Neurol 61:525-8. 2004..No large-scale studies to our knowledge have examined circadian rhythm abnormalities in MS patients or the relationship of fatigue to circadian rhythms... - Elevated intrathecal myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in multiple sclerosisEric C Klawiter
Department of Neurology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Arch Neurol 67:1102-8. 2010..To evaluate antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and control individuals... - Pathological expression of CXCL12 at the blood-brain barrier correlates with severity of multiple sclerosisErin E McCandless
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
Am J Pathol 172:799-808. 2008.... - In vivo quantitative evaluation of brain tissue damage in multiple sclerosis using gradient echo plural contrast imaging techniquePascal Sati
Department of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA
Neuroimage 51:1089-97. 2010..We found promising correlations between the results derived from this method and the standard measure of clinical disability... - Interleukin-10 overexpression promotes Fas-ligand-dependent chronic macrophage-mediated demyelinating polyneuropathyDru S Dace
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
PLoS ONE 4:e7121. 2009.... - Rituximab in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter trialKathleen Hawker
Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, USA
Ann Neurol 66:460-71. 2009..We evaluated rituximab in adults with primary progressive MS (PPMS) through 96 weeks and safety through 122 weeks... - A phase 3 trial of extended release oral dalfampridine in multiple sclerosisAndrew D Goodman
Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
Ann Neurol 68:494-502. 2010..The current study was designed to confirm efficacy and further define safety and pharmacodynamics... - Interferon-gamma produced by encephalitogenic cells induces suppressors of cytokine signaling in primary murine astrocytesJennifer L Stark
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus P.O. Box 8111, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
J Neuroimmunol 151:195-200. 2004..The effects were largely due to IFN-g in MBP-CM, as anti-IFN-g antibody diminished induction. These findings suggest a role for IFN-g-induced SOCS expression in regulation of CNS inflammatory responses by astrocytes... - Dose comparison trial of sustained-release fampridine in multiple sclerosisA D Goodman
Multiple Sclerosis Center, Chief Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Room 6 8521, Box 605, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
Neurology 71:1134-41. 2008..To examine the efficacy and safety of three different doses of sustained-release fampridine in people with multiple sclerosis (MS)... - Meta-analysis of genome scans and replication identify CD6, IRF8 and TNFRSF1A as new multiple sclerosis susceptibility lociPhilip L De Jager
Division of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Nat Genet 41:776-82. 2009.... - A little stress is good: IFN-gamma, demyelination, and multiple sclerosisJason R Lees
Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
J Clin Invest 117:297-9. 2007..Modulation of this stress pathway has what we believe to be novel therapeutic potential for MS... - Spinal cord ring enhancement in multiple sclerosisEric C Klawiter
Department of Neurology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
Arch Neurol 67:1395-8. 2010..To describe the clinical and imaging characteristics of spinal cord ring enhancement in multiple sclerosis (MS)... - Expression profiling identifies a molecular signature of reactive astrocytes stimulated by cyclic AMP or proinflammatory cytokinesGirish C Daginakatte
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Exp Neurol 210:261-7. 2008..Moreover, this pattern of differential gene expression is not observed in hyperproliferating or neoplastic glia... - ITAM signaling in dendritic cells controls T helper cell priming by regulating MHC class II recyclingDaniel B Graham
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
Blood 116:3208-18. 2010..We propose a novel mechanism for control of T helper cell priming...
Research Grants
- THE ROLE OF B CELLS IN EAE PATHOGENESISAnne Cross; Fiscal Year: 2004..Methods to alter in humans the number and function of B cells and Abs already exist, making our results potentially applicable to MS therapy. ..
- A PHASE ll TRIAL OF RITUXAN IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSISDOROTHY CROSS; Fiscal Year: 2007..Parks and Naismith, and PI will be able to focus 30% more time on investigator-initiated trials and mentoring junior colleagues. ..
- EFFECTOR MOLECULES IN DEMYELINATING DISEASEAnne Cross; Fiscal Year: 2001..Since there now have been identified pharmaceutic agents which can inhibit the production of PN, our findings from these studies may indicate an area with therapeutic potential for MS. ..