Graham Colditz

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..To examine the combined effect of alcohol and folate intake during adolescence on the risk of proliferative benign breast disease (BBD)...

..With application of improved reporting standards for diagnostic tests and improved design and evaluation of new technologies for screening, we may better inform practices to improve clinical outcomes and population health...

..Better understanding of the interactions and contributions across these levels will help refine prevention strategies...

..However, the risk of subsequent breast cancer associated with the presence of CCL in a benign breast biopsy is poorly understood...

..Although circulating levels of estradiol in postmenopausal women predict subsequent breast cancer risk, whether the addition of estradiol levels adds significantly to a model's predictive power has not previously been evaluated...

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..Changes in the approaches used to structure and implement scientific advances into practice will help achieve the enormous potential to advance the health of the population...

..Our evaluation suggests that the NHS has led to important changes in health practice, and it underscores the need to develop metrics that are suitable to the evaluation of large epidemiological cohort studies...

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..The burden of obesity on society continues to increase and warrants closer attention by clinicians for both cancer prevention and improved outcomes after diagnosis...

..A significant inverse association exists between physical activity, including that of moderate intensity, such as walking, and risk of colon cancer in women that is more pronounced for distal tumors...

..Despite studies showing that physically active individuals report higher quality-of-life scores, few data exist on the impact of changing physical activity levels on subsequent changes in quality of life...

..Although data on the association of physical activity and colon cancer risk is convincing, little research has examined whether change in physical activity alters risk of cancer incidence and mortality...

..The inability to attribute excess disease in Blacks to currently known risk factors, even when combined with suspected risks, points to yet undetermined factors that play a role in the disease process...

..This systematic review summarizes published studies that measured local estrogen levels in the breast and offers suggestions for strategies to fill gaps in our existing scientific knowledge...

..Advice to family members on lifestyle may become increasingly important for breast and other cancers where family history is a strong risk factor...

..Physically active individuals have a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer but the influence of exercise on cancer survival is unknown...

..However, uncertainties exist about its prognosis, optimal treatment, and effect on women's health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). Our study assessed the prospective changes in HRQoL in women diagnosed with DCIS...

..CONCLUSIONS: Obesity and physical inactivity independently contribute to the development of CHD in women. These data underscore the importance of both maintaining a healthy weight and regular physical activity in preventing CHD...

..S. Although the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is an efficacious screening tool in the early detection of the disease, disparities are known to persist in the utilization of this procedure across socioeconomic groups...

..Examples of transdisciplinary collaborations in academic and community settings are provided, along with factors that may influence the long-term outcomes of transdisciplinary efforts...

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..The relation between serum cholesterol levels and breast cancer risk is itself unclear; because cholesterol is the precursor to sex steroid hormones, higher levels could plausibly increase risk...

..CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of hypertension, higher BMI, and increasing pack-years of smoking appear to independently increase the risk of renal cell carcinoma...

..However, the influence of a positive family history (FH) on breast cancer risk among women with biopsy-confirmed BBD is less certain...

..We sought to evaluate whether maternal diabetes or weight status attenuates a previously reported beneficial effect of breast-feeding on childhood obesity...

..We investigated whether physical activity is associated with reduced incidence of premenopausal breast cancer, and, if so, what age period and intensity of activity are critical...

..S. adolescents and to assess the effect of multiple individual, parental, and environmental factors on initial level and rates of change in adolescent physical activity...

..84 to 1.19) and 1.35 (95% CI = 1.03 to 1.77), respectively (P(trend) =.04). These data suggest that working a rotating night shift at least three nights per month for 15 or more years may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in women...

..To examine the association between household smoking restrictions and adolescent smoking, controlling for parental smoking, peer smoking, and tobacco marketing...

..Whether mammographic density reflects levels of endogenous sex hormones is unclear. We examined whether these predictors are independently associated with breast cancer risk in a prospective study...

..Studies on parental age at delivery in relation to breast cancer risk have had mixed results, but prospective data are limited. No study has explored the associations with subtypes of breast cancer defined by hormonal receptor status...

..Although breast tumors differ clinically and biologically by hormone receptor status, few epidemiologic studies of diet have made this distinction...

..Pike has proposed "protected time" as one summary method for modeling reproductive risk factors in relation to ovarian cancer incidence. We evaluate this and other approaches to summarizing risk for ovarian cancer...

..Physical activity has been shown to decrease the incidence of breast cancer, but the effect on recurrence or survival after a breast cancer diagnosis is not known...

..To examine sexual-orientation group disparities in tobacco use in adolescent girls and boys...

..To assess the role of weight cycling independent of BMI and weight change in predicting the risk of developing type 2 diabetes...

..To investigate the components of adolescent diet that may influence risk of breast cancer as an adult...

..To address this issue, we conducted a prospective evaluation of risk factors for breast cancer classified according to receptor status...

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..To explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and incidence of type 2 diabetes in women...

..28, 95% CI, 0.82-2.00), nor fatal CHD in the short term (RR=0.49, 95% CI, 0.22-2.08). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that job insecurity may increase the short-term risk of non-fatal MI in women...

..To assess whether dieting to control weight was associated with weight change among children and adolescents...

..Current public health campaigns to reduce obesity and type 2 diabetes have largely focused on increasing exercise, but have paid little attention to the reduction of sedentary behaviors...

..However, data relating plasma folate levels to breast cancer risk are sparse. We investigated the association between plasma folate and other vitamins with breast cancer in a prospective, nested case-control study...

..Research suggests that greater reductions in risk are possible with more specific guidance...

..However, greater alcohol consumption earlier in life (ages 18-22 years) was associated with higher proliferative BBD rates, suggesting that timing of exposure may be relevant to disease incidence...

..To examine the relationship of obesity, measured as BMI, and weight change to incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) among women with diabetes...

..To examine prospectively the influence of social networks on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among breast cancer survivors...

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..S. men and women relative to the general population. To date, the Risk Index has not been prospectively validated...

..CONCLUSIONS: Women do not appear to have a greater susceptibility to lung cancer than men, given equal smoking exposure. Research should be focused on enhancing preventive interventions for all...

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..Through analyses that integrate information from these various sources we are advancing our understanding of the causes of cancer and the potential for prevention...

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..Studies of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) "treated" by diagnostic biopsy alone have been rare, but provide important opportunities to gain insights into the natural history of these lesions...

..However, a Western-type diet may elevate risk of breast cancer among smokers, and a prudent diet may protect against estrogen receptive-negative tumors...

..The findings provide insight into disease etiology and suggest that the influence of smoking on endometrial cancer risk occurs even in early adulthood, is long-lasting, and may not be attributed solely to short-term hormonal modulation...

..Although the association was strongest for alpha-carotene, the high degree of collinearity among plasma carotenoids limits our ability to conclude that this association is specific to any individual carotenoid...

..Whether higher levels of physical activity can counteract the elevated risk of death associated with adiposity is controversial...

..70 comparing radiographs taken within 5 years and 0.29 when the period extended beyond 5 years. CONCLUSION: Preexisting radiographs are feasible for use in epidemiologic studies and provide valid assessments of periodontal disease...

..The benefits appeared to be primarily for cardiovascular disease and not for cancer...

..Risk appraisal instruments may be helpful in reinforcing prevention messages, although little is known about physician acceptance of such instruments...

..The results from these two large prospective cohorts do not support a strong association between energy-adjusted folate intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer...

..Studies in animals have suggested that calcium may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. However, results from epidemiologic studies of intake of calcium or dairy foods and colorectal cancer risk have been inconclusive...

..Five biallelic haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms are estimated to capture 99% of the haplotype diversity in Caucasian populations...

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..41; 95% confidence interval 0.77-2.60; P for interaction = 0.03). These data suggest that the Ala allele of MnSOD may modify breast cancer risk among current smokers, but is not an independent risk factor for breast cancer...

..There is little information, however, about the interrelationships of night work, urinary melatonin levels, and levels of plasma steroid hormones in women...

..The role of active and passive smoking in breast cancer remains controversial...

..Drs. Graham Colditz, Stuart Schnitt, and James Connolly have collaborated over the past decade to build this large histopathology ..

..The creation of tissue microarrays using benign breast tissue will lay the foundation for this and future studies to efficiently examine the role of molecular markers in the development of breast cancer. ..

..The team is led from by Drs. Colditz and Anderson and is supported by a senior statistician (Dr. Rosner) and a study director (Dr. Birmann) who is funded, in part, through a K award. ..

..The work is consistent with NCI priorities to support community-based participatory research and to reduce cancer disparities. ..

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..The team is led from by Drs. Colditz and Anderson and is supported by a senior statistician (Dr. Rosner) and a study director (Dr. Birmann) who is funded, in part, through a K award. ..

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..We will also analyze data from the Nurses' Health Study II to examine the relation between long term use of oral contraceptives before first pregnancy and risk of atypical hyperplasia on breast biopsy...

..The team is led from by Drs. Colditz and Anderson and is supported by a senior statistician (Dr. Rosner) and a study director (Dr. Birmann) who is funded, in part, through a K award. ..