Kathleen K Bucholz

....

..To determine if there are subtypes of Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD), as manifested by distinctive symptom profiles or by associations with alcohol, other drug dependence or other psychiatric disorders...

..Data from adult community samples indicate that alcohol dependence originates in late adolescence, thus marking that period as a fruitful one for the study of transitions in drinking...

..We tested whether alcohol, nicotine, and illicit drug use and dependence were associated with lifetime educational attainment after controlling for familial background characteristics...

..A high genetic correlation between these measures would suggest that a continuous measure of consumption may have a useful role in the discovery of genes contributing to dependence risk...

....

....

..In this study, we examine whether age at first drink moderates genetic and environmental influences, via gene x environment interactions, on DSM-IV alcohol dependence symptoms...

..The goal of this study was to examine the association of this variant with cocaine dependence...

..Smoking interventions may have greatest impact by targeting smoking prevention among peer groups in adolescent and young adult populations...

..The goal of this study was to identify predictors of problematic young adult alcohol use...

....

..These findings suggest comorbid PTSD may represent a genetically mediated vulnerability to psychopathology after trauma...

..If there is evidence in its favor, the increased rates of cigarette smoking in cannabis users may prove to be the most significant public health problem associated with cannabis use...

..Findings characterize a rarely examined aspect of the course of ND development and highlight critical distinctions in risk profiles across stages of tobacco involvement...

..These results provide evidence that specific variables in the self and familial systems of influence are important in predicting sexual debut at 16 years old or earlier...

..The primary goal of the present analyses is to test hypotheses about the source(s) and magnitude of spousal associations for AD using a twin-spouse design...

..We examine whether cannabis use prior to age 17 years is associated with an increased likelihood of DSM-IV nicotine dependence and the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to this association...

....

..Furthermore, investigators should consider the specific disorder(s) being investigated and the ages of the children being studied when determining whether to include parent reports as part of study design...

....

....

....

....

..This study examined the relationships between self-reported childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and drug-related outcomes in an Australian twin panel...

..We investigated whether use and early-onset use of cigarettes, alcohol and cannabis contributed an increase in risk for initiation of subsequent psychoactive substances in women (N = 3729, mean age = 21.7)...

..To compute the common and specific genetic and environmental contributions to nicotine dependence (ND) alcohol dependence (AD) and cannabis dependence (CD)...

..Epidemiologic studies reveal that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly comorbid with both conduct disorder and major depression in men. The genetic and environmental etiology of this comorbidity has not been examined...

..Early alcohol use is associated with abuse and dependence of licit and illicit substances later in life. The role of genetic and environmental factors in this association is not conclusive...

..This study examined the associations between social, behavioral, and environmental factors and adolescent parenthood...

....

..Empirically derived subtypes of nicotine dependence are mostly characterized by increasing severity. Suggestions for refinement of nicotine dependence diagnostic criteria are discussed...

....

..Depression is a known risk factor for mortality after an acute myocardial infarction. Patients with treatment-responsive depression may have a better prognosis than those with treatment-resistant depression...

..The current study examines differences in alcohol criteria functioning by DUI history and gender using an item response theory (IRT) approach...

..0 on chromosome 2 (3.2, 234 cM), 10 (2.4 and 2.6 at 60 cM and 116 cM) and 13 (2.1 at 64 cM). These regions may harbor genes that contribute to the biological basis of alcohol and drug dependence...

....

....

..Findings indicate that CSA and elevated risk for AD may be linked via early age at first drink and that progression from first drink to AD follows a similar course among women with and without histories of CSA...

....

..This article presents the first full test of this LR-based model in young subjects from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA)...

..This study examined the extent to which alcohol dependence and conduct disorder are associated with the number of sexual partners and membership in a risk group of having a high number of sexual partners (10 or more)...

..We examined latent classes of alcohol use among current drinkers ages 60 and older and explored risk factors associated with class...

....

..While replication is required, this study represents an important first step toward clarifying the biological underpinnings of cannabis dependence...

..exclusively negative (physiological) responses suggests the importance of considering both dimensions in combination to characterize risk for smoking-related outcomes...

..We examine mechanisms by which PSI influences the etiology of regular substance involvement (RSI), particularly in women...

..While there were high genetic correlations in both women and men, lifetime duration of cannabis may be uniquely informative in assessing components of liability to cannabis use...

....

..In this study, we characterize patterns of cannabis and tobacco use (tobacco but not cannabis, cannabis but not tobacco or both) and compare the factors associated with onset of tobacco before cannabis and cannabis before tobacco...

..However, relatively few data are available on the clinical implications of tolerance in nondependent men and women...

....

..11 and 1.16. Further dissection of the alcoholism phenotype, to disentangle the influence of comorbid substance-use disorders, will be a next step in identifying genetic variants associated with alcohol dependence...

..We utilized a twin design to test whether there are common genetic and environmental risk factors underlying depression symptoms, hypertension and heart disease...

..The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative measure of alcohol consumption for gene-mapping studies...

..Differences in findings may also reflect a distinct etiological pathway for substance use initiation in African-American women that could not be detected in previous studies...

..This study evaluates whether depression is a risk factor for incident myocardial infarction (MI) in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between 30 and 79 years of age...

..Aggregation of population-level data may obscure important subgroup differences in patterns of illicit drug use and psychiatric comorbidity. Further exploration of a 'self-medicating' subgroup is needed...

..In adolescent girls especially, rates of cannabis use have increased over the last decade, urging the need to characterize the potential correlates of onset of cannabis use during emerging adulthood...

..In contrast to previous research, there is limited evidence for increased risk associated with early-onset use in this sample of Vietnam-era veterans...

..The present report sought to confirm the trends in AOD and to determine the extent to which they might account for secular trends in alcohol dependence...

....

....

..We aim to clarify the mechanisms contributing to spousal similarity for cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption...

..Assaultive trauma outweighed associations of familial effects and nonassaultive trauma with risk for 10 years following first trauma...

..To estimate the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on timing of first alcohol use and alcohol dependence (AD) and to quantify the overlap in these influences across the two alcohol-related outcomes...

..We examine the relationship between lifetime history of alcohol dependence (AD) and timing of first childbirth across reproductive development...

....

..Genetic influences have been shown to play a major role in determining the risk of alcohol dependence (AD) in both women and men; however, little attention has been directed to identifying the major sources of genetic variation in AD risk...

..The aim of this study was to examine the abbreviated Desires for Alcohol Questionnaire (DAQ) with respect to component structure and concurrent validity...

..Design Members of monozygotic and dizygotic, including unlike-sex twin pairs (n = 6257) from a young adult cohort from the Australian Twin Registry...

..The extent to which the familial similarity for positive alcohol expectancies was moderated by age, race, drinking status, and the sharing of peer groups was also examined...

....

..The purpose of this study was to identify differences in developmental pathways of alcoholism from onset of drinking into middle adulthood...

..The goal of this study was the genetic analysis of MDD in an epidemiologically and genetically representative sample of adolescent female twins...

..We examined the contribution of genetic effects associated with ASPD to the comorbidity of MD and substance use disorders...

..Increased risk for serious adverse outcomes has been associated with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Whether these risks are directly attributable to CSA rather than family background remains controversial...

....

..CONCLUSIONS: We observed short-term and long-term associations between AUD and TD. These associations were mediated through concurrent diagnoses with the other substance use disorder...

....

....

..GABRA2 is also associated with other drug dependence in our sample, both in adolescence and adulthood...

..The discussion is by Marc Schuckit, who was chair of the Substance Use disorders (SUD) Committee for DSM-IV and cochair of the international group of experts reviewing the SUD definitions for DSM-V...

..Previous studies have reported that early initiation of cannabis (marijuana) use is a significant risk factor for other drug use and drug-related problems...

....

..This suggests additional influences of birth cohort or period effects so that individuals in later-born cohorts have an increased lifetime risk...

..Findings do not support a universal developmental model of alcoholism; notably, they provide counterevidence to the disease model concept of alcoholism course as progressive and chronic...

..Alcohol-induced blackouts (ie, periods of anterograde amnesia) have received limited recent research attention...

..The current study sought to determine whether there are subtypes of bulimia nervosa (BN) differentiated by comorbid psychiatric disorders...

..However, it remains unclear whether such patterns truly reflect secular trends or are confounded by age-dependent factors such as differential recall, differential mortality, and other effects...

....

....

..7; 95% CI: 5.6-62.6) classes. We found evidence for both qualitative and quantitative subjective effect profiles. Subjective effects, both positive and adverse are associated with lifetime risk for marijuana and cocaine dependence...

..For both female and male twins, results from models that included conduct disorder as a covariate were near identical to results from models without conduct disorder...

..A major criterion to validate diagnoses is stability over time...

..The purpose of this study was to estimate associations between early-onset alcohol use/intoxication and subsequent risks of alcohol-related driving risks in young women after control for familial liability for these behaviors...

..Little attention, however, has been directed to investigating the roles of genetic transmission and prenatal exposure simultaneously...

..Current evidence is not conclusive regarding gender differences for cannabis use, abuse and dependence. It is not known if symptom profiles differ by gender...

....

..The children-of-twins (COT) design can be used to elucidate the association of a parental trait and an offspring outcome such as the association of parental alcoholism and offspring suicidality...

....