P F Sullivan

..The authors' objective was to investigate this association in two New Zealand samples...

..These data are not consistent with a strong etiological role for DRD5 in the etiology of these complex smoking behaviors...

..The authors conducted a meta-analysis of relevant data from primary studies of the genetic epidemiology of major depression...

..If conducted with care and mindfulness of the potential pitfalls, case-control association studies can be an important tool for psychiatric genetic research...

..If these results replicate in other samples, the serotonergic system may be involved in the etiology of smoking initiation given the rate-limiting role of TPH in the biosynthesis of serotonin...

..nicotine or are they also involved in dependence on other licit and illicit psychoactive substances? Are there different mechanisms in men and women? What are the specific environmental factors and how do genes and environment interact?..

..The subtypes of major depression (MD) remain incompletely understood. While there is consensus about the existence of MD with 'typical' vegetative features, further data are required to evaluate the existence of MD with atypical features...

..In a prior report, the authors used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify a distinctive atypical depressive subtype; they sought to replicate that finding in the current study...

..Although there have been many studies of the outcome of anorexia nervosa, methodological weaknesses limit their interpretation. The authors used a case-control design to try to improve knowledge about the outcome of anorexia nervosa...

..No correlation reached our a priori level of statistical significance. Using this statistical approach, we did not find evidence of important epistatic effects among these six regions in the ISHDSF...

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..None of the four polymorphisms we tested, nor their estimated haplotypes, were associated with smoking initiation or progression to nicotine dependence...

..Implications of these findings for follow-up and replication studies are discussed...

..However, some genes may also be unique for drug-induced prolongation. This study demonstrates the potential of GWAS to discover genes and pathways that mediate antipsychotic-induced QT prolongation...

..Although our findings require replication and functional validation, this study shows the potential of GWAS to discover genes and pathways that potentially mediate adverse effects of antipsychotic medication...

..We were interested in the distinguishing characteristics of recovery and of chronic anorexia nervosa...

..Women who have anorexia nervosa may experience difficulties with fertility and reproduction...

..On the basis of these results, we concluded that CMYA5 is associated with schizophrenia and further investigation of the gene is warranted...

..The results of this study suggest the importance of genetic variation in chromosome 4 in the etiology and severity of alcoholism in Caucasian populations...

..Although twin studies are powerful tools, their methodology can be arcane and their implications easily misinterpreted...

..CONCLUSIONS: IF is a complex and common human symptom that is highly heterogeneous. More precise understanding of the determinants of IF may lead to a fuller understanding of more extreme conditions like chronic fatigue syndrome...

..Finally, we describe some popular techniques and the applications that are suitable for these techniques...

..To examine characteristics of individuals who show a rapid and sustained response to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa (BN)...

..This study demonstrates the potential of genome-wide association studies to discover novel genes that mediate the effects of antipsychotics, which could eventually help to tailor drug treatment to schizophrenic patients...

..These results support a conceptualization of chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia as being characterized by greater similarities than differences...

..We sought to find genes that may influence treatment response in a less biased manner, after integrating heterogeneous data sources related to schizophrenia...

..The central role of RGS4 in regulating signaling via Gi/o coupled neurotransmitter receptors led us to hypothesize that there may be RGS4 genotypes predictive of specific disease phenotypes and antipsychotic treatment responses...

..Therefore, the association of genetic variation in AKT1 with neurocognition was investigated in patients with schizophrenia...

..With these bodies of literature as a starting point, we evaluate critically the current state of research on molecular genetic studies of anorexia nervosa and provide guidance for future research...

..I explored the capacity of association studies to produce false positive findings and the impact of various definitions of replication...

..Common genetic liabilities have been reported between psychiatric and psychological measures, but few examples exist of common genetic variants...

..In particular, we describe recent efforts to screen all twins born between 1959 and 1985, and young twin pairs when they turn 9 and 12 years of age. For these studies, we present initial frequencies of common conditions and exposures...

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..Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1, aliases NCAM and CD56) may be a candidate gene for schizophrenia or for neurocognition in schizophrenia as supported by linkage and functional findings...

..Are the susceptibility genes underlying this peak specific for AD or do they increase risk for externalizing disorders more generally? Can we, in the IASPSAD, replicate prior evidence for linkage to conduct disorder (CD)?..

..These findings suggest plausible mechanisms for chronic fatiguing illness...

..The goal of this study was to identify genomic regions containing susceptibility loci for alcohol-related traits...

..Improvements in study design and analytic techniques will require the simulation of datasets with realistic patterns of linkage disequilibrium and allele frequencies for typed SNPs...

..Therefore, we aimed to examine if there is a genetic component to the co-occurrence of MDD and IBS in participants from the population-based Swedish Twin Registry...

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..Studying this personality dimension can give insights into the etiology of these important psychiatric disorders...

..The present study examined evidence for the association of alcohol metabolism genes with AD in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of alcohol dependence...

..We were unable to replicate previous associations of rs6994992 with schizophrenia and, moreover, did not find significant associations with age of onset, an estimate of pre-morbid IQ, or neurocognition...

..3-1q31. Due to overlapping cellular functions and chromosomal proximity, we hypothesized that multiple RGS genes may contribute to schizophrenia severity and treatment responsiveness...

..Our results provide strong support for a model of schizophrenia pathogenesis that includes the effects of multiple rare structural variants, both genome-wide and at specific loci...

..Genome-wide association results are open-access and can be viewed at the dbGAP web portal (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Approved users can download the genotype and phenotype data, which have been made available as of 9 October 2007...

..To investigate whether clusters of bulimic symptoms exist in a community sample of young Portuguese women...

..We sought to identify genomic regions that might contain etiologically-relevant loci using genomewide univariate and bivariate linkage analyses...

..About half the variance for both prolonged and chronic fatigue in males was due to genetic effects, and half due to individual-specific environmental effects. For females, most variance was due to individual environmental effects...

..33 for a single measure to .43 for mean score because of the reduction in the estimate of the environmental variance, and this will increase power in genetic linkage or association studies of neuroticism...

..However, due to the extended high LD in this region, we were unable to distinguish whether the association signals came from one or more of these genes...

..Once snus use was initiated, more men continued using snus rather than quit tobacco completely...

..To compare the personality traits and disorders of patients with bipolar II disorder and major depression and to examine the impact on treatment outcome of a bipolar II diagnosis...

..To explore the extent to which binge eating in the absence of compensatory behaviors (BE) is associated with psychiatric and medical symptoms in men and women and to control for the independent effects of BMI...

..52 and 1.97 (P-value of 0.003 and 0.0108) respectively, and have some evidence for a novel finding on chromosome 12 with a LOD of 2.85 (P-value of 0.0014)...

..Although the hypotheses resulting from these linkage and bioinformatic analyses are plausible and intriguing, their ultimate worth depends on replication in additional linkage samples and in future experimental studies...

..To develop a method for designing studies to find disease mutations that can achieve a set of goals with respect to proportions of false and true discoveries with the minimum amount of genotyping...

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..To evaluate childhood experiences (neglect and abuse), temperament and childhood and adolescent psychopathology as risk factors for avoidant and borderline personality disorders in depressed outpatients...

..This raises the question of whether current models for gene discovery are shaped excessively by a fear of false discoveries...

..The absence of parental genotypes in the presence of 1% genotype error led to marked degradation of linkage signal, particularly for multipoint analyses...

..The purpose of this article was to determine the extent of overlap between genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the liability to obesity and binge eating...

..The authors' goal was to explore the relation between perfectionism and psychopathology, including eating disorders...

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..These results suggest that the use of AIC to guide twin modeling for univariate discrete traits should either be abandoned or used with great caution...

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..We found no evidence for the presence of genetic substructure in this sample...

..As the development of ND requires regular tobacco use (RTU) which in turn requires TI, a conditional approach is necessary...

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..To review the recent literature relevant to genetic research in eating disorders and to discuss unique issues which are crucial for the development of a genetic research project in eating disorders in Brazil...

..30% between the Australian and the Netherlands cohorts, a smaller value than between many European groups. We conclude that it is reasonable to combine the Australian and the Netherlands samples for joint genetic analyses...

..Other suitable applications include the relationship between symptoms and diagnosis, such as fears and the progression to phobia...

..We were interested in differences in genetic and developmental risk factors between depressed patients with or without a co-morbid BPD...

..Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious mental illness with marked morbidity and mortality...

..To examine whether the T allele of G protein beta3 (GNbeta3) is associated with self-mutilation in depressed patients...

..The goals of this study were to determine the course of illness in a cohort of depressed patients undergoing treatment for 6 months and whether there are clinically useful predictors of their course of illness...

..However, the association occurred in the absence of evidence for linkage in this region on chromosome 2...

..Furthermore, different genetic risk factors appear to contribute to the vulnerability for panic disorder and/or agoraphobia in men and women. No other sex differences were found...

..Given the debilitating consequences of fatiguing illnesses, the reasons for the female predominance and the earlier onset in women should receive increased research priority...

..CONCLUSIONS: A greater proportion of individuals who were listed in a national cancer registry reported experiencing fatigue compared with individuals in the general population...

..Assessment of a lifetime manic episode based on lay interviewer screening may yield misleading data...

..The proportion in discordant pairs may be much higher. The present article explores this potential inflation as a function of the resemblance of sib pairs and the criteria for discordance used for selection...