Research Topics
Species | C L MunroSummaryAffiliation: Virginia Commonwealth University Country: USA Publications
Research Grants
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Detail Information
Publications
Chlorhexidine, toothbrushing, and preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adultsCindy L Munro
Adult Health Department, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298 0567, USA
Am J Crit Care 18:428-37; quiz 438. 2009..Ventilator-associated pneumonia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality...
Oral health status and development of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a descriptive studyCindy L Munro
Adult Health Department, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 0567, USA
Am J Crit Care 15:453-60. 2006..Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and may be influenced by oral health...- Implications for nursing of the Human Genome ProjectC L Munro
Department of Adult Health Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
Neonatal Netw 18:7-12. 1999..This article reviews the establishment of the Human Genome Project, reports on current progress of the project, and identifies some implications of the project for health care generally and nursing specifically... 
Oral health measurement in nursing research: state of the scienceCindy L Munro
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, 23298, USA
Biol Res Nurs 8:35-42. 2006..Standardized measures of components of oral health are available and applicable across populations, and their uses and relationship to nursing research and patient outcomes will be discussed...- The basis of heredity: a genetic primerC L Munro
School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298 0567, USA
Neonatal Netw 15:7-10. 1996.... - Genetic characterization of a Streptococcus mutans LraI family operon and role in virulenceT Kitten
Philips Institute of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
Infect Immun 68:4441-51. 2000..Virulence for endocarditis was restored by correction of the sloC mutation but not by provision of the sloC gene in trans, suggesting that virulence requires the expression of other genes in the sloC operon... - Nurses' knowledge and attitudes about antibiotic therapy in critical careC L Munro
School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298 0567, USA
Intensive Crit Care Nurs 17:213-8. 2001..To assess critical care nurses' knowledge about antibiotic use in critical care settings, and attitudes concerning the role of the nurse in monitoring response to and appropriate use of antibiotic therapy... - Inherited disorders: a genetic primerR H Pickler
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298 0567, USA
Neonatal Netw 15:17-21. 1996..The principles of transmission, risk of inheritance, and clinical significance of each category are discussed, with examples of inherited disorders in each category... - The role of biobehavioral, environmental, and social forces on oral health disparities in frail and functionally dependent nursing home eldersRita A Jablonski
School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA
Biol Res Nurs 7:75-82. 2005..Investigators willing to embrace this cause will have no shortage of opportunities to test methods to improve the delivery of oral care as well as to monitor and reassess these methods... - Effect of backrest elevation on the development of ventilator-associated pneumoniaMary Jo Grap
The Adult Health Department of the School of Nursing
Am J Crit Care 14:325-32; quiz 333. 2005..CONCLUSIONS: Subjects spent the majority of the time at backrest elevations less than 30 degrees . Only the combination of early, low backrest elevation and severity of illness affected the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia... - Identification of virulence determinants for endocarditis in Streptococcus sanguinis by signature-tagged mutagenesisSehmi Paik
The Philips Institute of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 521 North 11th Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0566, USA
Infect Immun 73:6064-74. 2005..The results suggest that housekeeping functions such as cell wall synthesis, amino acid and nucleic acid synthesis, and the ability to survive under anaerobic conditions are important virulence factors in S. sanguinis endocarditis... - Nurses' accuracy in estimating backrest elevationAmy Dillon
Winston-Salem Cardiology Associates, NC, USA
Am J Crit Care 11:34-7. 2002..CONCLUSIONS: Nurses are able to estimate backrest elevation accurately. Other explanations are needed to understand why recommendations for backrest elevation are not used in practice... - Subglottic secretion viscosity and evacuation efficiencyPAMELA V O'NEAL
College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
Biol Res Nurs 8:202-9. 2007..Further research is needed to identify safe suction pressures for optimal evacuation of SSs in human subjects... - Oral care and the risk of bloodstream infections in mechanically ventilated adults: A reviewDeborah J Jones
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Nursing, 6901 Bertner Avenue, 660, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Intensive Crit Care Nurs 24:152-61. 2008..This paper reviews the literature on the link between the manipulation of the oral cavity and the development of bacteraemia in mechanically ventilated adults... - Quality improvement in backrest elevation: improving outcomes in critical careMary Jo Grap
Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 0567, USA
AACN Clin Issues 16:133-9. 2005..A quality improvement process to guide evidence-based care related to backrest positioning is also described... - Duration of action of a single, early oral application of chlorhexidine on oral microbial flora in mechanically ventilated patients: a pilot studyMary Jo Grap
Adult Health Department of the School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0567, USA
Heart Lung 33:83-91. 2004..17 to 5.57). CONCLUSIONS: Trends in the data suggest that use of chlorhexidine gluconate in the early post-intubation period may mitigate or delay the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia... - Oral care interventions in critical care: frequency and documentationMary Jo Grap
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, VA, USA
Am J Crit Care 12:113-8; discussion 119. 2003..Nurses report frequent oral care interventions, but few are documented. Education and focus on good oral care strategies are required; nursing research to delineate the best procedure for all patients in intensive care units is needed... - Predictors of backrest elevation in critical careMary Jo Grap
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, P O Box 980567, Richmond, VA 23298 0567, USA
Intensive Crit Care Nurs 19:68-74. 2003..Strategies to meet published recommendations for backrest elevation (30-45 degrees ) must include repeated feedback about nurse's use of backrest elevation and estimates of elevation... - Subject recruitment in critical care nursing research: a complex task in a complex environmentMary Jo Grap
Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, Richmond, Virginia, USA
Heart Lung 32:162-8. 2003.... - The sloABCR operon of Streptococcus mutans encodes an Mn and Fe transport system required for endocarditis virulence and its Mn-dependent repressorSehmi Paik
The Philips Institute of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
J Bacteriol 185:5967-75. 2003..Finally, a sloA mutant demonstrated loss of virulence in a rat model of endocarditis, suggesting that metal transport is required for endocarditis pathogenesis... - Oral health and care in the intensive care unit: state of the scienceCindy L Munro
School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
Am J Crit Care 13:25-33; discussion 34. 2004..Additional studies are needed to develop and test best practices for oral care in critically ill patients... - Vaccination with FimA from Streptococcus parasanguis protects rats from endocarditis caused by other viridans streptococciTodd Kitten
The Philips Institute of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
Infect Immun 70:422-5. 2002..mitis, S. mutans, and S. salivarius. FimA thus has promise as a vaccinogen to control infective endocarditis caused by oral streptococci... - Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: evidence-based careMary Jo Grap
Adult Health Department, Box 980567, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 0567, USA
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 16:349-58, viii. 2004.... - Effects of stress management on PNI-based outcomes in persons with HIV diseaseNancy L McCain
School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, VA 23298-0567, USA
Res Nurs Health 26:102-17. 2003..The findings point to a pressing need for further, well-controlled research with these common intervention modalities... - EmaA, a potential virulence determinant of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in infective endocarditisGaoyan Tang
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, 95 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
Infect Immun 76:2316-24. 2008.... - Identification of Streptococcus sanguinis genes required for biofilm formation and examination of their role in endocarditis virulenceXiuchun Ge
The Philips Institute of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 0566, USA
Infect Immun 76:2551-9. 2008..This result indicates that the ability to form biofilms in vitro is not associated with endocarditis virulence in vivo in S. sanguinis... - Actigraphy in the critically ill: correlation with activity, agitation, and sedationMary Jo Grap
Adult Health Department of the School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, USA
Am J Crit Care 14:52-60. 2005..Actigraphy may become particularly important as a continuous measurement of activity for use in behavioral research and may enhance early recognition and management of the excessive activity that characterizes agitation...
Research Grants
- ORAL CARE INTERVENTION IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED ADULTSCindy Munro; Fiscal Year: 2006..Results of the study have the potential to positively affect patient well-being, morbidity, mortality and health care costs. ..
- ORAL CARE INTERVENTION IN MECHANICALLY VENTILATED ADULTSCindy L Munro; Fiscal Year: 2010..The intervention tested in this project (swabbing the mouth with chlorhexidine before the endotracheal tube is inserted) could reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia. ..