DANIEL T TRANEL

..However, the cause of depression and related symptoms in persons who quit smoking after taking varenicline remains uncertain, because smoking cessation itself can cause such symptoms...

..demonstrated a strikingly severe and complete anosmia. This contrast in olfactory abilities and deficits as a result of different anatomical pathology affords new insights into the neural substrates of olfactory processing in humans...

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..We provide here extensive data regarding the stimuli, and we encourage other investigators to make use of our stimuli and data in future investigations of landmark recognition and naming...

..men may use a more holistic, gestalt-type strategy, and women may use a more analytic, verbally-mediated strategy. Such differences could reflect asymmetric, gender-related differences in the neurobiology of left and right VMPC sectors...

..The results provide novel evidence to support the notion that left IT structures contain "modality-neutral" systems for mediating between conceptual knowledge and word retrieval...

..This type of work is helping to shape a new field of "affective neuroscience."..

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..Damasio, D. Tranel, T. J. Grabowski, R. Adolphs, & A. R. Damasio, 2004)...

..These findings put new empirical teeth in the localizing value of the FRT and JLO tests, and they extend and sharpen previous work that had pointed to right posterior structures as being important for FRT and JLO performance..

..Bauman, Lavenex, Mason, Capitanio, & Amaral, 2004a), and they provide valuable insights into the emotional life of an individual with complete bilateral amygdala damage...

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..Our results also contribute more generally to the rapidly growing field of research on embodied cognition...

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..Our findings do not support a connection between fluid intelligence and the frontal lobes, although a viable alternative interpretation is that the Matrix Reasoning subtest lacks construct validity as a measure of fluid intelligence...

..At the same time, stress can enhance memory retrieval performance, especially for emotional stimuli, when the cortisol response is absent...

..This finding provides a mechanism to explain the amygdala's role in fear recognition, and points to new approaches for the possible rehabilitation of patients with defective emotion perception...

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..Future studies will benefit also from examining the association between awareness and cognition in larger samples...

..The findings provide evidence for a double dissociation between feeling emotions and autonomic responses to emotions, in response to music stimuli...

..These findings suggest that attributions of emotional states and personality traits are accomplished by partially dissociable neural systems...

..The findings suggest that the amygdala's role in processing of emotional facial expressions encompasses multiple negatively valenced emotions, including fear and sadness...

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..These findings provide clear empirical evidence that interoception, much like exteroception and proprioception, declines with age...

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..Here, we tested the hypothesis that early age of seizure onset would be a reliable factor "protecting" patients from developing proper naming defects following left ATL...

..These findings indicate that, for a selective set of moral dilemmas, the VMPC is critical for normal judgements of right and wrong. The findings support a necessary role for emotion in the generation of those judgements...

..Although these results should be viewed as preliminary, they suggest that the vagus nerve is a conduit for afferent somatic signals that can influence decision-making...

..Together, these findings suggest that drug of choice and sex have different effects on executive functioning, which, if replicated, may help tailor intervention...

..CONCLUSIONS: On balance, the findings suggest that lesion location and size are prepotent factors determining neuropsychological and social recovery from stroke...

..Taken together, the data provide neuropsychological evidence that the human amygdala is essential for olfactory memory...

..It is hoped that the current information will encourage individuals at all levels to become involved in peer-reviewing for neuropsychology journals...

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..Furthermore, there were regions in the left and right temporal lobes that contributed disproportionately to recognition of emotion from faces or prosody, respectively...

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..These results are consistent with the notion that right vmPFC provides a neuroanatomical correlate of the normal variance in impulse control observed in boys...

..Instead, this awareness was mediated by both somatosensory afferents from the skin and a network that included the insula and ACC. Together, these pathways enable the core human experience of the cardiovascular state of the body...

..The findings support the conclusion that the human amygdala plays a pivotal role in triggering a state of fear and that the absence of such a state precludes the experience of fear itself...

..Given the role of enlarged amygdala volume in pathology, these findings may indicate that variation in amygdala morphology marks susceptibility to internalizing disorders...

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..These findings provide direct evidence that a feeling of emotion can endure beyond the conscious recollection for the events that initially triggered the emotion...

..Our studies recapitulate and confirm the core messages set forth by Ackerly and Benton more than a half-century ago...

..The authors discuss this finding in light of its implications for understanding the neural correlates of antisocial behavior...

..These results provide evidence against the notion that practicing attention to internal body sensations, a core feature of meditation, enhances the ability to sense the heartbeat at rest...

..Thus the retrieval of knowledge regarding emotions draws upon widely distributed and partly distinct sets of neural structures, depending on the attributes of the stimulus...

..There was increased activity in early visual cortices, suggesting intensification of visual processing to compensate for the defective preferred name retrieval processing...

..The results raise the interesting possibility that aging has a differential effect on hippocampal versus amygdala function...

..Although the gender effects we found are smaller than the task effects, they are not negligible for the purposes of performing and interpreting functional imaging studies...

..The findings suggest that potentiation of the ASR by disgust and fear depends on the integrity of the anteromedial temporal lobe...

..The amygdala and surrounding cortices of the medial temporal lobe may be a necessary component in the neural circuitry necessary for vivid recollection of unpleasant emotional events...

..This finding is consistent with the notion that the right, but not the left, anteromedial temporal lobe is involved in the retrieval of negatively valenced, high-intensity memories...

..Relatedness confers an advantage to memory (as in the school-words), but the combination of relatedness and arousal (as in the taboo words) results in the best memory performance...

..The results also provide further support for the idea that some of the impairments in social cognition seen in patients with autism may result from dysfunction of the amygdala...

..The result that VMPC damage abolishes the 'Pepsi paradox' suggests that the VMPC is an important part of the neural substrate for translating commercial images into brand preferences...

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..Finally, we present data demonstrating that poor decision makers are more likely to fall prey to deceptive advertising, suggesting compromise of real-world judgment and decision-making abilities...

..We now report the results of neuropsychological testing in these patients...

..These results suggest that individual differences in cortisol reactivity affect memory retrieval performance, and help to explain the differential effects of stress on memory...

..Greater focus on the contribution of emotional dysfunction to the real-world competencies of patients with damage in the VM region may sharpen their neuropsychological assessment and facilitate rehabilitation efforts...

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..Damage to the HC in animals produces a transient alteration in diurnal and stress-related HPA activity. This study was designed to examine the effects of HC damage on basal cortisol secretion in humans...

..The results give insight into the acquisition of common ground and the manner in which amnesic patients accommodate their memory deficits during real-world interactions, and they have significant implications for memory intervention...

..Bilateral amygdala damage thus disproportionately impairs recognition of certain emotions from complex visual stimuli when subjects utilize information from facial expressions...

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..To extend these accomplishments, this renewal request asks for 6 stipends to support first and second-year students. ..

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