Research Topics
| R L SmithSummaryAffiliation: University of Virginia Country: USA Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Valve-sparing aortic root reconstructionRobert L Smith
Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 800709, Charlottesville, VA 22908 0709, USA
Surg Clin North Am 89:837-44, viii. 2009..Because of this, it will likely still be a while before these operations are more routinely used by a broader group of surgeons, as compared with the very reproducible Bentall and De Bono repair...- Do you need to clamp a patent left internal thoracic artery-left anterior descending graft in reoperative cardiac surgery?Robert L Smith
Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Ann Thorac Surg 87:742-7. 2009..However, we hypothesized that leaving a patent LITA-left anterior descending (LAD) graft unclamped would not affect mortality from reoperative cardiac surgery... - Does body mass index affect infection-related outcomes in the intensive care unit?Robert L Smith
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 8:581-8. 2007..We hypothesized that increasing BMI would be an independent predictor of higher mortality rates in the surgical/trauma ICU... 
Prevention of infection in the intensive care unitRobert L Smith
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22908, USA
Curr Opin Infect Dis 19:323-6. 2006..To review tactics used to prevent intensive care unit infections, particularly ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related bloodstream infections...- Hospital-acquired infections in the surgical intensive care: epidemiology and preventionR L Smith
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22908, USA
Zentralbl Chir 128:1047-61. 2003..By implementing effective preventative measures and maintaining strict surveillance of ICU infections, we hope to affect the associated morbidity, mortality, and cost that our patients and society bare... 
Wound infection after elective colorectal resectionRobert L Smith
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Building MR 4, Room 3150, Lane Road, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Ann Surg 239:599-605; discussion 605-7. 2004....- On a likelihood-based goodness-of-fit test of the beta-binomial modelS T Garren
Department of Statistics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, USA
Biometrics 56:947-50. 2000..Other tests and models developed in their article are quite useful and interesting but are not examined herein... - A nutrition support team led by general surgeons decreases inappropriate use of total parenteral nutrition on a surgical serviceA R Saalwachter
University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Am Surg 70:1107-11. 2004..1347). The involvement of a surgical NST was associated with a reduction in inappropriate TPN orders without a change in overall use... - Contact isolation in surgical patients: a barrier to care?Heather L Evans
Department of Surgery, UVA Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Surgery 134:180-8. 2003..Contact isolation is commonly used to prevent transmission of resistant organisms. We hypothesized that contact isolation negatively impacts the amount of direct patient care... - Can we define the ideal duration of antibiotic therapy?Traci L Hedrick
University of Virginia Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 7:419-32. 2006..We also sought to investigate the difference between a fixed duration of therapy and one based on physiologic measures such as fever and leukocytosis... - Cost of Gram-negative resistanceHeather L Evans
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
Crit Care Med 35:89-95. 2007..We wished to test the hypothesis that rGNR infections are associated with higher resource utilization... - Central cannulation is safe in acute aortic dissection repairT Brett Reece
University of Virginia, Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Charlottesville, VA, USA
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 133:428-34. 2007..We hypothesized that cannulation of the dissected aorta could be done safely with acceptable complication and mortality rates in this high-risk population... - Efficacy of protocol implementation on incidence of wound infection in colorectal operationsTraci L Hedrick
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
J Am Coll Surg 205:432-8. 2007..We hypothesized that implementation of a multidisciplinary wound management protocol targeting these risk factors would reduce the incidence of SSI... - Does prior transfusion worsen outcomes from infection in surgical patients?Michael G Hughes
Department of Surgery, Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 4:335-43. 2003..The objective of this study was to determine the effect of transfusion on outcomes among infected surgical patients... - Single-institutional experience with the surgical infection prevention project in intra-abdominal surgeryTraci L Hedrick
Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 8:425-35. 2007..We hypothesized that institutional implementation of a protocol targeting known risk factors would reduce the incidence of SSI associated with intra-abdominal surgery... - Duration of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by non-fermentative gram-negative bacilliTraci L Hedrick
University of Virginia Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 8:589-97. 2007..We recently examined our institutional experience with VAP caused by NFGNB to determine whether shorter courses of antibiotic therapy were associated with higher rates of recurrence... - Differences in early- and late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia between surgical and trauma patients in a combined surgical or trauma intensive care unitTraci L Hedrick
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
J Trauma 64:714-20. 2008..We sought to compare differences in patient characteristics and outcome between early- and late-onset VAP in trauma and nontrauma surgical patients... - Outbreak of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections during a quarterly cycling antibiotic regimenTraci L Hedrick
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 9:139-52. 2008..Antibiotic cycling or rotation of antimicrobial agent classes has been proposed to combat antimicrobial resistance... - Reduction in rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection after introduction of quarterly linezolid-vancomycin cycling in a surgical intensive care unitRobert L Smith
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 0709, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 9:423-31. 2008..Creative interventions may be required to reverse or stabilize this trend... - Nature of gram-negative rod antibiotic resistance during antibiotic rotationHeather L Evans
Surgical Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, UVA Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908 1380, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 6:223-31. 2005..The aim of this study was to characterize the evolution of gram-negative antibiotic resistance during a study of empiric antibiotic rotation... - Does the addition of glutamine to enteral feeds affect patient mortality?Alison Saalwachter Schulman
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
Crit Care Med 33:2501-6. 2005..The objective was to study in a prospective fashion the effects of adding glutamine to standard or immune-modulated (supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids, beta-carotene, and amino acids such as glutamine and arginine) tube feeds... - HCV infection of the transplanted liver: changing CD81 and HVR1 variants immediately after liver transplantationMichael G Hughes
Department of Surgery, Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Am J Transplant 5:2504-13. 2005..In conclusion, HVR1 quasispecies variants differentially associate with, and infect allografts, after liver transplantation. Additionally, allografts express variable amounts of CD81 after transplantation... - Primary human hepatocytes in spheroid formation to study hepatitis C infectionTae W Chong
Department of Surgery, Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
J Surg Res 130:52-7. 2006..As hepatocytes are the primary reservoir for the virus in vivo, we report on a model using primary human hepatocytes cultured in spheroid formation... - Effect of an intensive care unit rotating empiric antibiotic schedule on the development of hospital-acquired infections on the non-intensive care unit wardMichael G Hughes
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, USA
Crit Care Med 32:53-60. 2004.... - Comparison of fungal and nonfungal infections in a broad-based surgical patient populationMichael G Hughes
Department of Surgery, Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
Surg Infect (Larchmt) 6:55-64. 2005..Our aim was to compare fungal and nonfungal infections among a diverse surgical patient population... - The evolution of ischemic spinal cord injury in function, cytoarchitecture, and inflammation and the effects of adenosine A2A receptor activationT Brett Reece
Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, PO Box 801359, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 128:925-32. 2004..This study defines injury progression in terms of function, cytoarchitecture, and inflammation and assesses whether adenosine A 2A receptor activation by ATL-146e limits injury progression... - E2 quasispecies specificity of hepatitis C virus association with allografts immediately after liver transplantationMichael G Hughes
University of Virginia, Department of Surgery, Surgical Infectious Disease Laboratory, Charlottesville, VA, USA
Liver Transpl 10:208-16. 2004..02 and P = 0.04, respectively). Immediately after transplantation but before actual infection, liver allografts select out from the infecting serum inoculum a less heterogeneous, more closely related population of quasispecies variants... - Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing ALA1/ALS5 adhere to accessible threonine, serine, or alanine patchesNand K Gaur
Research Service, VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
Cell Commun Adhes 9:45-57. 2002..Thus, Ala1/Als5p recognizes patches of certain amino acids, which must be accessible before adherence will occur... - Chromogenic derivatives of AHTN (6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetralin) react with amino acids and protein in vitro. Spectral characteristics of the colour productsSandra Pipino
Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine, Medical Pharmacology Section, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy
Food Chem Toxicol 42:785-90. 2004..The data suggest that the AHTN-derived chromogenic material is metabolite-related rather than representative of a toxic process, although further work is necessary to confirm this hypothesis... - Evaluation of the oral subchronic toxicity of AHTN (7-Acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) in the ratAnne Marie Api
Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc, 50 Tice Boulevard, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, USA
Food Chem Toxicol 42:791-801. 2004..Further work on the mechanism of production of the abnormal color is in progress. Based on these results, the 90-day conservative no-observed-effect level (NOAEL) is 1.5 mg/kg body weight/day... - Impact of immunomodulatory oligodeoxynucleotides on cytokine production in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human whole blood modelRobert L Smith
Surgical Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Surgery 136:464-72. 2004..With further examination, we may find that these observed immunomodulatory differences could potentially be exploited for therapeutic benefit... - Biochemical and clinical aspects of the human flavin-containing monooxygenase form 3 (FMO3) related to trimethylaminuriaJohn R Cashman
Human BioMolecular Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
Curr Drug Metab 4:151-70. 2003..The remarkable progress in the biochemical, genetic, clinical basis for understanding the trimethylaminuria condition is summarized and points to needs in the treatment of individuals suffering from trimethylaminuria... - Identification of FOXP2 truncation as a novel cause of developmental speech and language deficitsKay D Macdermot
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Am J Hum Genet 76:1074-80. 2005..This endeavor will be crucial for gaining insight into the role of FOXP2 in human cognition... - Criteria for the safety evaluation of flavoring substances. The Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers AssociationRobert L Smith
Division of Biomedical Sciences Section of Molecular Toxicology, Imperial College School of Medicine, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
Food Chem Toxicol 43:1141-77. 2005.... - Screening practices of patients presenting for resection of a colorectal neoplasmTraci L Hedrick
University of Virginia Health System, Department of Surgery, P.O. Box 801380, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Am Surg 72:89-95. 2006..05). Of patients presenting for surgery, 71 per cent underwent CRC screening. Variability exists in the methods employed for CRC screening. CRC screening facilitates diagnosis at an early stage...