Anna Maria Siega-Riz

..This health disparity that exists within a framework of repeating cycle of risk emphasizes the urgency for accelerating the discovery of solutions for the obesity problem among women of childbearing age...

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..We present updated information on the weight trends among women. Finally, we present an overview of the prevention studies aimed at adolescents and women prior to pregnancy...

..abstract:..

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..The increased risk of low maternal age and prepregnancy BMI associated with gastroschisis appears to suggest an aetiological role related to biological immaturity for this particular birth defect...

..Little is known concerning the dietary habits during pregnancy of women with eating disorders that may lie in the causal pathway of adverse birth outcomes...

..To evaluate nutrient, food intake, and snacking behavior by participation in the WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) program...

..Dietary intake influences glucose tolerance status, yet the relation between macronutrient intake and the development of glucose intolerance during pregnancy has not been adequately examined...

..The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary fats and gastroschisis and whether maternal age modified this association...

..The purpose of this study was to show that maternal folate status during pregnancy may be related to preterm birth...

..Eating breakfast is considered an important determinant of a healthy lifestyle. This study explores the different food patterns of breakfast for adults aged 18-65 in the United States...

..The objective of this analysis was to examine the effects of the HEALTHY study on student self-reported dietary intakes (energy, macronutrients and grams consumed of selected food groups)...

..11, 95 percent confidence interval: 0.64, 1.89). This study supports previous animal model work of an association between decreased frequency of eating and preterm delivery...

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..To describe current infant-feeding practices and current food group consumption patterns of infants and toddlers and to compare 2008 data with 2002 data to identify shifts in these practices and food consumption over time...

..To examine the amount of weight women with eating disorders [anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED)] gained during pregnancy and to evaluate the adequacy of total weight gain...

..To identify dietary trends among low socioeconomic status women of childbearing age from three ethnic groups from 1977 to 1996...

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..7, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.7). Socioeconomic indicators appear to have complex joint effect patterns among racial subgroups, perhaps because the material and psychological implications of education and income status differ between groups...

..These results suggest that, compared with nonusers, women who take multivitamin supplements prior to conception may have a reduced risk of preterm birth, but further studies are needed with a larger sample of preconceptional users...

..We explored the course of broadly defined eating disorders during pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health...

..Breast feeding for 6 months or longer, with lactational exposure to PCBs, p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE at the low background level concentrations studied here, resulted in no measurable influence on infant growth in the first 12 months...

..This study examines the relationship of glucose intolerance during pregnancy to birth weight among black and white participants of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study...

..The objective of this investigation was to examine the associations between total and domain-specific moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and depressive symptoms postpartum...

..However, if resources are available, universal screening should be considered in high-prevalence settings...

..A Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (DQI-P) was developed to reflect current nutritional recommendations for pregnancy and national dietary guidelines...

..In addition, we explored whether psychological factors accounted for any of the effect of pregravid body mass index on age of complementary food introduction...

..In this study, we examined associations among prepregnancy obesity, psychological factors during pregnancy, and breastfeeding initiation...

..To describe the relation between maternal obesity, overweight and underweight status, and 16 categories of structural birth defects...

..Given the complexity of the aetiological pathways, both aggregation and disaggregation are well justified and should be included in studies of the causes of preterm birth...

..Some, but not all, studies have shown that the effect of obesity on asthma is stronger among nonatopic individuals than among those with atopy. Systemic inflammation may be a factor in this relationship...

..We explored the impact of eating disorders on birth outcomes in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study...

..LER and HER are prevalent during pregnancy. Identifying their predictors may improve data collection and analytic methods for reducing systematic bias in the study of diet and reproductive outcomes...

..More preschoolers were drinking 2% milk than whole milk, but about one third were still drinking whole milk. Despite some of these positive changes, improvements in young children's diet still are needed...

..However, the majority of relations remained readily apparent. This analysis suggests that in this population, associations between self-reported prepregnancy BMI and pregnancy outcomes are slightly overestimated...

..To determine whether a history of preconceptional dieting and restrained eating was related to higher weight gains in pregnancy...

..6) vs. clinic women (1.1), whereas other predictors were similar. Patterns may differ across groups for many reasons, including self-selection of clinics and varying clinical practices...

..We assessed associations between psychosocial factors and preterm birth, stratified by race in a prospective cohort study...

..Future research needs to explore the reasons behind the association between overweight/obesity and breastfeeding duration...

..To examine associations of the frequency of eating at fast-food restaurants with demographic, behavioural and psychosocial factors and dietary intake in African American adults...

..Therefore, the committee recommended a single range, 5-9 kg at term, for all obese women...

..Because vigorous leisure activity may affect timing of delivery, this study examined association between vigorous leisure activity and birth outcomes...

..We found no evidence of enhanced infant development related to the LCPUFA content of breast milk or formula consumed during the first four post-natal months...

..Likewise, little is known concerning these same attitudes and behaviors during the postpartum period that may contribute to weight retention...

..CONCLUSIONS: To improve the diets of adolescents and young adults, healthy food choices outside the home need to be as readily available as the foods which have increased in popularity over the past 20 years...

..We sought to determine whether genetic variants associated with diabetes and obesity predict gestational weight gain...

..The purpose of this study was to explore 30-year trends in diet quality and to examine whether income or education is the key socioeconomic factor linked with these shifts...

..64, 95% CI: 1.19, 11.1). These results support the need for further exploration into the potential mechanisms by which such exposures could interfere with early fetal kidney formation resulting in RA/H...

..Most pregnant women gain more weight than the ranges recommended. Excessive weight gain is linked to pregnancy complications and to long-term maternal and child health outcomes...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of algorithms for the assignment of gestational age with the use of the last menstrual period and early ultrasound information...

..The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between concern about enough food and obesity in an adult population at the state level...

..This survey confirmed that once women are enrolled, they tend to be willing to complete most components of an intensive study, suggesting that initial efforts for recruitment are most important...

..As gestational age increased from 24 weeks until delivery, Hb concentration increased as well. CONCLUSIONS: The predictors identified here could be used in clinical settings to target high-risk women for intervention...

..CONCLUSION: Prepregnancy weight was strongly associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, whereas weight gain during pregnancy was associated with impaired glucose tolerance only among overweight women...

..This study examined whether or not an association exists between prenatal exercise and delivery mode using data from the 2004 and 2005 North Carolina Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey...

..Identifying factors that affect whether certain women are at greater risk of gaining outside of guidelines may improve our ability to decrease pregnancy-related health problems...

..To examine the effect of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity on the risk of term cesarean delivery in nulliparous women...

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..We used latent class analysis (LCA) to assess patterns of physical activity among adults, using the 7 d of accelerometer data from the 2003-2004 NHANES...

..We evaluated the demographic, biological, behavioral, social, and environmental correlates of the amount of sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as measured by accelerometry in preschool-aged children...

..The similarity of changes across all age groups furthers the assertion that broad-based environmental changes are needed to improve the diets of Americans...

..To examine the effect of maternal overweight and obesity on labor progression...

..To investigate the association between distance to the closest supermarket and a composite measure of diet, the diet quality index for pregnancy (DQI-P) was constructed...

..Improvements in future research include the use of consistent definitions of gestational weight gain and outcomes of interest, assessment of confounders, and better collection of weight and weight gain data...

..S. nutrient composition database. Our objective was to assess the association of dietary intake of choline and betaine with incident coronary heart disease (CHD), adjusting for dietary intake measurement error...

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..The purpose of this study was to identify foods that contributed most to nutrient and fiber intake in a sample of pregnant women in North Carolina...

..CONCLUSION: Because diet and supplement use are modifiable behaviors, corroboration of these findings would suggest a possible intervention strategy...

..CONCLUSIONS: The identified sociodemographic predictors of high added sugar intake might help target public health messages to improve children's diet quality and prevent future chronic diseases to population groups at highest risk...

..CONCLUSION: Prophylactic iron supplementation that is begun early in pregnancy among low income women in the United States may have benefits beyond the reduction of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy...

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..These results should be viewed in the context of a potentially preventive biologic mechanism mitigated by possible confounding by healthy behaviors and practices that are also associated with vitamin supplement use during pregnancy...

..Furthermore, the dietary problem areas identified by the DQI-I may be useful in guiding the development of programs to improve public health...

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..Previous literature on the relationship between obesity and allergic disease has been inconsistent. It is not known whether systemic inflammation could be a factor in this relationship...

..When interested in both benefits, the 2-step classification using LCA on previously derived factor scores seems promising...

..63, 95% CI = 0.99, 2.70) when compared to women with no MVPA. While overall MVPA may play a role in reducing the odds of developing elevated depressive symptoms, adult and child care and indoor household activities may increase it...

..The objective was to examine barriers to physical activity in a large cohort of pregnant women and to explore these barriers in more depth with qualitative data derived from a separate focus group study using a socioecologic framework...

..Common exposure to PCBs, DDT, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), the most stable metabolite of DDT, may influence children's neurodevelopment, but study results are not consistent...

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..Variants in the folate metabolism pathway affect the accumulation of homocysteine are modified by nutrient levels and have been linked to adverse birth outcomes...

..To investigate the association between pregravid weight status and diet quality...

..In conclusion, our data show that both self-reports and pill counts overestimate adherence and that linear regression in comparison to an external standard such as MEMS can be used to correct for measurement error in adherence...

..Further research investigating the influence of cultural factors is necessary to better understand adherence to supplement use and the differences in adherence among ethnic groups...

..We determined diet quality trends among nationally representative samples of preschoolers between 1977 and 1998...

..To assess the effect of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)-recommended added sugar intake levels on nutrient and food group consumption by preschoolers...

..To illustrate and discuss implications of the new Diet Reference Intakes for fiber, relative to a nationally representative sample of American preschoolers...

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..To assess the independent effect of prepregnancy BMI on the risk of postpartum anemia...

..If the findings from this study are confirmed, they may serve as the foundation for genetic risk assessment of nutritional pathways in preterm birth...

..Moreover, such detailed information could have important clinical implications towards reducing the rate of primary caesarean delivery in the United States...

..These data, both the quantitative and qualitative, will be used to identify modifiable behaviors for pregnant women that are associated with gaining weight above the recommended ranges and postpartum weight retention. ..

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